EP1342982B1 - Sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung - Google Patents

Sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1342982B1
EP1342982B1 EP03290559A EP03290559A EP1342982B1 EP 1342982 B1 EP1342982 B1 EP 1342982B1 EP 03290559 A EP03290559 A EP 03290559A EP 03290559 A EP03290559 A EP 03290559A EP 1342982 B1 EP1342982 B1 EP 1342982B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electro
safety device
function
pyrotechnic safety
word
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03290559A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1342982A1 (de
Inventor
Joel Bansard
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Alkan SAS
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Alkan SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/40—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C17/00—Fuze-setting apparatus
    • F42C17/04—Fuze-setting apparatus for electric fuzes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of controlling an electro-pyrotechnic security device for ammunition, intended to be coupled to a firing system, and to an initiator for such an electro-pyrotechnic safety device.
  • electro-pyrotechnic safety device is understood to mean a device formed of a device such as a primer, a detonator, an igniter or the like, and a payload which can be of very high natures.
  • these electro-pyrotechnic safety devices are coupled to a firing system which can also be of very different designs.
  • such an electro-pyrotechnic safety device can be part of a multiple cartridge ammunition fixed on the structure of an aircraft, each of these cartridges being provided with a device.
  • the cartridges are successively pulled under the control of a firing system which supplies the ammunition with the selection signals of the cartridges, the control signals necessary for their firing, and the electrical energy necessary for their initiation and the operation of their equipment. electric.
  • the document EP 0 798 535 describes a system for transmitting information between a weapon (ie a firing system) and a munition by means of which the security conditions are implemented in the weapon by means of a weapon.
  • safety switches which are inserted into an electrical circuit of the weapon supplying the munition and on which bidirectional transmission control and verification signals exchanged between the weapon electronics and that of the ammunition.
  • the main security function determining the possibility or not to turn on the device is implemented in the firing system.
  • the firing system delivers a message representing a function for authorizing the circulation of an energy pulse for lighting the device, a message that is transmitted to the pyrotechnic safety device in which it is analyzed for extracting a control signal from the authorization function.
  • the circulation authorization is then delivered in the pyrotechnic safety device in response to this control signal. Therefore, by this method, the operation of the device can be possible only when an authorization for this purpose is given in the electro-pyrotechnic safety device itself. Securing the function is thus ensured closer to the place where this function will be performed.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a method for controlling an electro-pyrotechnic device whose safety conditions are improved even more than those provided in the prior art.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a process having the characteristics defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an electro-pyrotechnic safety device coupled to a firing system as defined in claim 12, advantageous features of this device being specified in claims 13 and 14.
  • block 1 denotes a firing system designed to form messages M (FIGS. 2 and 4) and to address these messages to an electro-pyrotechnic safety device 2 according to the invention (hereinafter referred to as abbreviation DEP).
  • DEP electro-pyrotechnic safety device 2 according to the invention
  • the DEP comprises a pyrotechnic device 3 intended to cause the operation of the ammunition.
  • the DEP 2 is also able to send messages back to the firing system 1.
  • the firing system 1 is connected to the DEP 2 via a two-wire link 4 on which the messages comprising the energy pulse necessary for the operation of the device 3 and the device can pass. information that is essential to him to be ordered.
  • This two-wire link 4 is connected to the DEP 2 by only two terminals 5 and 6, no other connection to the outside being provided for the DEP 2.
  • the communication between the firing system 1 and the DEP 2 can be established by other means.
  • the ignition energy and the control information may be transmitted inductively, optically or the like, appropriate coupling elements being provided for this purpose between the firing system 1 and the DEP 2.
  • the communication channel (in this case the two-wire link 4 and the terminals 5 and 6) is connected to a transmission / reception block 7 which constitutes an interface capable of routing the incoming and outgoing messages respectively to the functional blocks.
  • DEP 2 and, where appropriate, to the firing system 1.
  • Incoming messages appear on a line 8 which is connected to a power supply 9 and to a microcontroller 10.
  • the power supply 9 is designed to generate the supply voltage U on a terminal 11.
  • the latter is connected to power supply terminals 12 of all the other blocks of the DEP 2.
  • the microcontroller 10 is also connected to the transmission / reception block 7 via a line 13 on which the messages to leave the DEP 2 pass.
  • the pyrotechnic device 3 is connected between the terminals 5 and 6 respectively by means of controlled switches 14 and 15 forming with the device 3 a series circuit. Therefore, the initiator 3 can only be turned on if both switches 14 and 15 are closed.
  • Each of the switches 14, 15 can be closed by an actuating circuit 16, respectively 17, which in turn receives control signals from the microcontroller 10.
  • the switches 14 and 15 are preferably made in the form of controlled semiconductors as transistors or the like. At least two switches and at least two control signals can be provided.
  • the microcontroller 10 also controls a so-called “sterilization” circuit 18 as well as a “destruction” circuit 19.
  • the sterilization circuit 18 is connected to the actuating circuits 16 and 17 which it can render inoperative in order to prevent the operation of the switches 14 and 15.
  • the destruction circuit is connected not only to the actuating circuits 16 and 17, but also to the transmission / reception block 7.
  • this destruction circuit 19 makes it possible to destroy the blocks to which it is connected and thus prevent any communication from the outside with the DEP electronics via terminals 5 and 6.
  • the power supply circuit 9 comprises an energy storage capacitor 9a which, when it is charged, makes it possible to supply the circuits of the DEP 2 temporarily, that is, that is, at least for the time it takes to fire the munition to which the DEP is incorporated.
  • the firing system 1 is arranged to generate M messages (Figure 2) comprising coded information in a sequence of words m 1 , m 2 , m 3 Vietnamese formed of a sequence of bits.
  • the topology of a message M is preferably of the UART type known to specialists comprising eight bits framed by a start bit and an end bit; the flow of information can be chosen at 9600 baud, for example.
  • each word m 1 , m 2 , m 3 ... of the message M is therefore composed of the beginning B bits. B 0 to B 7 and B end .
  • At least the first word m 1 of each message M sent to the DEP 2 is intended to charge the capacitor 9a of the supply circuit 9.
  • the content of this word is that of the example of FIG. because it makes it possible to transfer a maximum of energy to the supply circuit 9 (code "55" in hexadecimal on the basis of a byte).
  • Table 1 below enumerates, by way of example, the functional content that the words that can compose a message M, such as that represented in FIG. 2, can have. It should be noted that these words can be followed in one order. desired by the designer to perform a predetermined sequence of events in the DEP 2, it being understood that depending on the capacitance of the capacitor 9a of the supply circuit 9, it is appropriate to insert either between two consecutive functional words defining a feature (hereinafter referred to as "function words"), or between several of these words, a so-called "feed” word whose logical composition is then that represented in FIG.
  • the second column of Table 1 indicates the direction of flow of information that is directed from the firing system 1 to the DEP 2 for all words, with the exception of the word 8 which implies a reverse flow of information.
  • the supply word No. 1 codes for the supply of the circuits of DEP 2.
  • This code (FIG. 3) is preferably "55" in hexadecimal to allow the transmission of a maximum of energy by this word.
  • the intensity of the current I sent by the firing system 1 to the DEP 2 is 0.1 A, it is possible to transmit 50 ⁇ J per word N ° 1.
  • the electronic circuits of the DEP 2 consume a total current of 10 ⁇ A, its autonomy can be at most 5 seconds with a capacitor 9a of suitable capacity. However, it is possible to allow a shorter period of autonomy for example only 0.5 seconds, which will reduce the size of the capacitor 9a.
  • the function words No. 2 to No. 6 do not require any particular comments, except that when they are sent by the firing system 1, their logical content is sent to the microcontroller 10 which analyzes it and prepares it. the appropriate command, then sends a control signal to the corresponding member or circuit of the DEP 2. For example, if the word No. 2 is sent, the microcontroller 10 activates the actuating circuit 16 which closes the switch 14 The same process is executed for all the other words, it being understood that each of these words is preceded by the word No. 1 making it possible to charge the capacitor 9a.
  • the word No. 9 contains the DEP 2 sterilization command via the sterilization circuit 18. This functionality subsequently prevents the closing of the switches 14 and 15, so that the device 3 can no longer be turned on. However, DEP 2 can still answer words 7 and 10 as long as they are sent by the firing system 1.
  • the word No. 10 has the effect of activating the destruction circuit 19.
  • the switches 14 and 15 can no longer be closed, but also the transmission / reception circuit 7 being destroyed, no communication can no longer take place with the outside. This feature may be useful, if the ammunition with the DEP according to the invention is to be forcibly abandoned for example, a hostile or unauthorized entity then being unable to fire the ammunition.
  • Table 2 above shows by way of example a possible coding of the status request function word No. 7, each code corresponding to a particular status request issued by the firing system 1 to the DEP 2.
  • the request calls a response from the DEP in the form of the word No. 8 whose content is representative of a specific state of the DEP.
  • n ° 8 is coded in a particular way, since emanating from the DEP 2, it should be that sending it to the firing system 1 imposes in the DEP 2 only a very low energy consumption.
  • This word No. 8 is preferably coded on a bit only that can take the value "1" or "0".
  • the code of the function word No. 7 is preferably formed of a four-bit identification part designating the status request followed by a part also of a four-bit length designating the nature of the requested status of the DEP.
  • Table 2 lists the meaning of this part of the requested status.
  • Table 2 Code (hexadecimal) Meaning 0 Not used 1 Functional control by transmission of a "1" 2 Functional control by transmission of a "0" 3 State of the switch 14 4 State of switches 14 and 15 5 State of sterilization control 18 6 State of the supply circuit 9 7 Voltage U> at a predetermined voltage? (4 Volts for example) 8 Artifice 3 OK? 9 Already shot AT Not used B Identification of DEP 2; Bit 1 VS Identification of DEP 2; Bit 2 D Identification of DEP 2; Bit 3 E Identification of DEP 2; Bit 4 F Identification of DEP2; Bit 5
  • the message sent by the firing system 1 to the DEP 2 will be as follows: No. 1 (Table 1), Word No. 7 (Table 1) with Code No. 4 (Table 2), Message No. 8 (the bit “1, if the switches are closed and the bit” 0 "if the switches are open), word # 1, word # 7, but with code # 8, word # 1, word # 8 (with the bit at "1” or at "0" at state of the device 3), and finally the code word n ° 1.
  • At least some function words can be accompanied by at least one encrypted word in which the control code of the corresponding functionality is contained.
  • each other function word of Table 1 is composed of a byte whose four most significant bits identify the corresponding functionality.
  • the four low weight bits of these words can define the length of an encryption message that can be sent in the message M following the function word of Table 1 defining the considered functionality.
  • An encrypted message can be prepared in the firing system 1 and sent in groups of eight successive bits, each time the interposition of the supply word No. 1 to charge the capacitor 9a.
  • the encryption can be performed in a known manner using a public or private key encryption algorithm.
  • the microcontroller 10 can execute a corresponding decryption program loaded into its memory using an inverse algorithm using the same public or private key as appropriate.
  • the four low-order bits of each function word will thus be able to define the length of the encrypted message, that is to say its number of bits or, more precisely and preferably, of nibbles (group of four bits).
  • sequence of words illustrates by way of example the command with encryption of the closing function of the switch 15, being assumed that the four least significant bits of the function word have the value "8" (hexadecimal) meaning that the encryption is carried out on eight nibble or 32 bits: word n ° 1, word n ° 3 with the code "8" (in hexadecimal), word n ° 1, word n ° 3 including the first nibble encrypted in lower weight , word # 1, word # 3 with the second encrypted quartet, word # 1, word # 3 with the third encrypted quartet, word # 1, word # 3 with the fourth quartet encrypted, word # 1 , ).
  • Function word ° 11 of Table 1 is only used to initialize the ammunition during manufacture. It can in particular be used to determine the number of bits to be encrypted for each function word used.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a firing sequence involving, by way of example, a sequence of four function words, of a period for sending the ignition energy for the device 3 (time T) during which the I current rises to a comparatively high level compared to the intensity used for the transmission of messages M, and finally several additional words sent after the shooting to interrogate the DEP 2 when to its status.

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Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Steuerung mindestens einer sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2), die an ein Schießsystem (1) gekoppelt ist, wobei diese Vorrichtung mit dem Schießsystem (1) kommunizieren kann, um einen Strom (I) dorthin zu senden, der dazu bestimmt ist, Informationen (M) zur Steuerung mindestens einer Funktion dieser Vorrichtung und einen Energieimpuls zum Zünden eines Zündmittels (3) der Vorrichtung zu übertragen, wobei das Verfahren darin besteht, den Durchlass des Energieimpulses in das Zündmittel (3) nur dann freizugeben, wenn durch das Schießsystem (1) mindestens eine Flussfreigabe dieses Impulses bereitgestellt wird,
    wobei das Verfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    a) Erzeugen der Steuerinformation in dem Schießsystem (1) in Form einer Nachricht (M), die aus mindestens einem logischen Wort (m1, m2, m3.........) zusammengesetzt ist, das die Flussfreigabefunktion darstellt,
    b) Übermitteln des logischen Worts an die sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung (2),
    c) Analysieren des logischen Worts in dieser, um ein Steuersignal der Flussfreigabefunktion daraus auszulesen, und
    d) Bereitstellen einer Flussfreigabe in der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) in Reaktion auf das Steuersignal,
    wobei dieses Verfahren dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Flussfreigabefunktion in der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) verdoppelt ist, und
    dadurch, dass es die Ausführung der Abläufe a), b) und c) für jede der Funktionen umfasst, und
    dass die Flussfreigabe des Stromimpulses (I) in das Zündmittel (3) nur in Reaktion auf das summierte Auftreten der zwei erzeugten Steuersignale bereitgestellt wird.
  2. Verfahren zur Steuerung einer sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) nach Anspruch 1, das elektronische Analyse- und Steuerungsmittel (10, 16 bis 19) und Mittel zur Stromversorgung mit Speicherung (9) umfasst, an die der Strom (I) selektiv geliefert wird, um die Versorgung der elektronischen Analyse- und Steuerungsmittel (10, 16 bis 19) mit Energie zu gewährleisten,
    wobei das Verfahren ferner dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass es mindestens darin besteht, dass vor der Ausführung der Abläufe a), b) und c) in dem Schießsystem (1) ein logisches Versorgungswort erzeugt wird, und
    darin, dass die Energie, die durch die aufeinanderfolgenden Bits dieses logischen Versorgungsworts in den Mitteln zur Stromversorgung mit Speicherung (9) dargestellt wird, gespeichert wird, um die Funktion der Analyse- und Steuerungsmittel (10, 16 bis 19) zu ermöglichen.
  3. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das logische Versorgungswort auf der Basis eines Bytes ein Maximum an möglichen Übergängen darstellt, wie den hexadezimalen Code "55".
  4. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Folgendes umfasst:
    Erzeugen von mindestens einem anderen logischen Wort, das eine andere Funktion darstellt, die in der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) auszuführen ist, in dem Schießsystem (1),
    Übermitteln des anderen logischen Worts an die sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung (2),
    Analysieren des logischen Worts in der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2), um ein Steuersignal der anderen Funktion zu erzeugen, und
    Ausführen der anderen Funktion in Reaktion auf das Steuersignal, das ihr entspricht.
  5. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die andere Funktion in der Lage ist, die Stromfluss-Freigabefunktion zu neutralisieren.
  6. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die andere Funktion in der Lage ist, die Zerstörung von mindestens einem Teil der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) zu steuern.
  7. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    Erzeugen eines logischen Funktionswortes, das eine Statusanfrage der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) darstellt, im Schießsystem (1),
    Übermitteln des Funktionswortes an die sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung,
    Erzeugen einer Antwort auf die Statusanfrage in Abhängigkeit von einem ermittelten Zustand dieser sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung in der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2), und
    Zurücksenden der Antwort an das Schießsystem (1).
  8. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antwort auf eine Statusanfrage mit einem einzigen Bit codiert ist.
  9. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Folgendes umfasst:
    Verschlüsseln von mindestens einem Teil der Nachricht (M) in dem Schießsystem (1), und
    Entschlüsseln des Teils der Nachricht in der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) vor dem Ausführen der Funktion, die in der Nachricht bestimmt ist.
  10. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens bestimmte logische Funktionswörter der Nachricht (M) eine erste Gruppe von Bits, die eine vorbestimmte Funktionalität der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) codiert, und eine zweite Gruppe von Bits umfassen, die die Anzahl von Bits bestimmt, mit der die Nachricht verschlüsselt wird, und
    dadurch, dass die Verschlüsselungsbits gemäß dem entsprechenden Funktionswort in logischen Wörtern codiert sind.
  11. Verfahren zur Steuerung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Nachricht jedem logischen Funktionswort logische Versorgungswörter vorangehen und nachfolgen.
  12. Sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung für Munition, die an ein Schießsystem gekoppelt ist, die Folgendes umfasst:
    ein Zündmittel (3) zum Zünden der Munition,
    Sende-/Empfangsmittel (7) zum Empfangen eines Stroms (I) vom Schießsystem (1), der dazu bestimmt ist, Steuerinformationen (M) von mindestens einer Funktion der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung und einen Energieimpuls zum Zünden eines Zündmittels (3) der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung zu übertragen,
    Analyse- und Steuermittel (10, 16 bis 19) zum Analysieren der empfangenen Nachrichten und Auslesen der Steuersignale daraus,
    wobei diese sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass das Zündmittel (3) mit einer Stromflussschaltung verbunden ist, in die mindestens zwei Schalter (14, 15) eingebaut sind, die nur in Reaktion auf die summierte Erzeugung von mindestens zwei vorbestimmten Steuersignalen zur Freigabe des Flusses des Energieimpulses in das Zündmittel geschlossen werden können.
  13. Sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auch Mittel (18) zum Neutralisieren des Schalters (14, 15) in Reaktion auf die Erzeugung von einem anderen der Steuersignale umfasst.
  14. Sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 12 und 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie auch Mittel (19) zum Zerstören von mindestens einem Teil der sicherheitselektropyrotechnischen Vorrichtung (2) in Reaktion auf die Erzeugung eines anderen der Steuersignale umfasst.
EP03290559A 2002-03-08 2003-03-07 Sicherheitselektropyrotechnische Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung Expired - Lifetime EP1342982B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0202960A FR2836991B1 (fr) 2002-03-08 2002-03-08 Dispositif electro-pyrotechnique de securite pour munition et son procede de commande
FR0202960 2002-03-08

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EP1342982B1 true EP1342982B1 (de) 2007-01-03

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DE102009050006A1 (de) * 2009-10-21 2011-04-28 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Raketenstartbehälter und Verfahren zum Verbinden eines Raketenstartbehälters mit einem Raketenwerfer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1271091A1 (de) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-02 Tda Armements S.A.S. Sicherheit für pyrotechnisches Aktivierungssystem

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DE3150172A1 (de) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-30 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Einrichtung zum einstellen und/oder ueberwachen der wirkungsweise eines geschosszuenders
US4649796A (en) * 1986-06-18 1987-03-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Method and apparatus for setting a projectile fuze during muzzle exit
DE69616274T2 (de) 1996-03-25 2002-07-11 Alkan, Valenton System zur Datenübertragung zwischen einer Waffe und einem Geschoss
IL122963A (en) * 1998-01-18 2000-10-31 Israel State Ammunition round firing data outer exchange system and method
DE19911826A1 (de) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Dynamit Nobel Ag Sicherungs- und Verzögerungsschaltung für einen Aufschlagzünder
DE10004582C1 (de) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-30 Honeywell Ag Elektronischer Geschoßzünder

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1271091A1 (de) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-02 Tda Armements S.A.S. Sicherheit für pyrotechnisches Aktivierungssystem

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FR2836991A1 (fr) 2003-09-12
FR2836991B1 (fr) 2006-05-19
DE60310790T2 (de) 2007-10-25
DE60310790D1 (de) 2007-02-15
ES2279074T3 (es) 2007-08-16
EP1342982A1 (de) 2003-09-10

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