EP1342241A2 - Amplificateur de lecture de cellules memoire a fonction logique de type ou-exclusif - Google Patents
Amplificateur de lecture de cellules memoire a fonction logique de type ou-exclusifInfo
- Publication number
- EP1342241A2 EP1342241A2 EP01994877A EP01994877A EP1342241A2 EP 1342241 A2 EP1342241 A2 EP 1342241A2 EP 01994877 A EP01994877 A EP 01994877A EP 01994877 A EP01994877 A EP 01994877A EP 1342241 A2 EP1342241 A2 EP 1342241A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- transistors
- channel
- amplifier
- terminal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/21—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
- G11C11/34—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices
- G11C11/40—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices using transistors
- G11C11/401—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using semiconductor devices using transistors forming cells needing refreshing or charge regeneration, i.e. dynamic cells
- G11C11/4063—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for addressing, decoding, driving, writing, sensing or timing
- G11C11/407—Auxiliary circuits, e.g. for addressing, decoding, driving, writing, sensing or timing for memory cells of the field-effect type
- G11C11/409—Read-write [R-W] circuits
- G11C11/4091—Sense or sense/refresh amplifiers, or associated sense circuitry, e.g. for coupled bit-line precharging, equalising or isolating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C7/00—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store
- G11C7/06—Sense amplifiers; Associated circuits, e.g. timing or triggering circuits
- G11C7/062—Differential amplifiers of non-latching type, e.g. comparators, long-tailed pairs
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C7/00—Arrangements for writing information into, or reading information out from, a digital store
- G11C7/10—Input/output [I/O] data interface arrangements, e.g. I/O data control circuits, I/O data buffers
- G11C7/1006—Data managing, e.g. manipulating data before writing or reading out, data bus switches or control circuits therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to memories produced in the form of a matrix array of memory cells in integrated circuit.
- the invention applies more particularly to dynamic memories (DRAM), that is to say in which the reading of the content of a memory cell is carried out by comparison with respect to a preload level.
- DRAM dynamic random access memory
- FIG. 1 represents, partially and schematically, a conventional example of the structure of a DRAM memory.
- Memory elements or memory cells C (j, i) are organized in a matrix network. Each storage element is associated with a pair of bit lines BLdi and BLri in column BLi (of rank i) represented vertically and with a word line (WLj) represented horizontally. Bit lines are common to storage element columns and word lines are common to storage element rows. Each storage element C (j, i) of column i and of row j comprises, between a bit line (for example, BLdi) and the ground, the series connection of a MOS transistor T and of a capacitive element C. The gate of transistor T is connected to the word line BLj. The bit line to which the storage element is not connected constitutes, for this cell, a reference or preload line.
- each bit line alternately constitutes the precharge line of a storage element every other row.
- Each column BLi of the memory plane is associated with a read amplifier SAi whose role is to compare the analog levels present on the bit lines during a read cycle of a storage element, to convert them into logic levels.
- the bit lines are preloaded and a difference of a few hundred millivolts at most is measured, using the comparator constituting the read amplifier of the column, to differentiate a low state (0) from a high state ( 1).
- the logic signals delivered by the sense amplifiers of a DRAM cell are combined by a state machine in wired logic to provide a particular result.
- An example of such an application is the location of image contours in graphics applications.
- Combinations of the OU-Exclusive (XOR) or NON-OR-Exclusive (XNOR) type are generally used in order to locate the contours of a digital image stored in a matrix array of memory cells while respecting the organization of the pixels with respect to 1 display.
- the present invention aims to propose a new amplifier for reading DRAM cells which allows a logical combination of the OU-Exclusive type which is faster.
- the invention also aims to propose a solution which does not increase the size of the input / output circuits of such a memory.
- the present invention provides an amplifier, controllable by an activation signal, for reading memory cells from a matrix network comprising, for each column, a direct bit line and a reference bit line. , the amplifier being common to two columns and realizing an OR-Exclusive type combination of the states of cells read in these two columns.
- the amplifier comprises: a first branch constituted by a first transistor in series with a second transistor and a third transistor between a terminal for applying a high potential and a reference point , the respective gates of the second and third transistors, preferably with N channel, being connected to a first bit line of a first column and to a first bit line of a second column, and the terminal of the first transistor, of preferably P channel, opposite the high potential application terminal defining a first output terminal; a second branch consisting of a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor and a sixth transistor connected between the high potential application terminal and the reference point, the respective gates of the fifth and sixth transistors, preferably channel N, being connected to the first bit line of the first column and to a second bit line of the second column, and the terminal of the fourth transistor, preferably with P channel, opposite to the terminal of application of the high potential defining a second complementary output terminal; and a seventh and eighth transistors connecting, respectively, the first output terminal to a first common point between the fifth and
- the amplifier comprises a ninth and a tenth transistor, preferably with P channel, connecting respectively the gate of the first transistor and that of the fourth transistor, to the terminal for applying the high potential. power.
- the gates of the ninth and tenth transistors receive said activation signal, an eleventh transistor, preferably with P channel, the gate of which receives said activation signal preferably connecting the gates. first and fourth transistors.
- said first and second common points are respectively connected, by twelfth and thirteenth transistors, preferably with P channel, to the terminal for applying the high supply potential.
- the gates of the twelfth and thirteenth transistors receive said activation signal.
- the reference point is connected, by a fourteenth transistor, preferably with N channel, to a reference potential.
- the gate of the fourteenth transistor receives said activation signal. According to an embodiment of the present invention,
- the amplifier further comprises: a fifteenth transistor, preferably with an N channel, between the first and second transistors of the first branch, the gate of the fifteenth transistor being connected to the second output terminal; and a sixteenth transistor, preferably with an N channel, between the fourth and fifth transistors of the second branch, the gate of the sixteenth transistor being connected to the first output terminal.
- the amplifier is applied to determining the contour of a digital image.
- FIG. 1 described previously represents a classic example of dynamic memory architecture of the type to which the present invention applies;
- FIG. 2 partially represents the architecture of a memory equipped with amplifier-operators according to the invention;
- FIG. 3 represents a first embodiment of a read amplifier with OR-Exclusive type operation according to the invention;
- FIG. 4 represents a second embodiment of a read amplifier with OR-Exclusive type operation according to the invention.
- a characteristic of the invention is to combine, within the read amplifier, the comparison element allowing the detection of the state stored in a cell of the matrix network and a combination of the OU-Exclusive type.
- an amplifier of the invention performs an OR-Exclusive type comparison between the two analog type inputs of the read amplifier.
- FIG. 2 represents, by a schematic view, the architecture of the inputs / outputs of a matrix array of memory cells according to the invention at the level of the sense amplifiers.
- each sense amplifier 1 is associated with two columns of the matrix array of memory cells, that is to say with four bit lines.
- a first amplifier-operator 1 (SAOP (i, i + 1)) receives the direct bit and reference lines of the columns i and i + 1.
- a second SAOP amplifier-operator (i + 2, i + 3) receives the direct bit and reference lines of the columns i + 2 and i + 3.
- Each amplifier-operator of the invention delivers the logical result of the comparison of the OU-Exclusive type (XOR) between the two bit lines as well as its complement (XNOR). Consequently, the amplifiers of FIG. 2 respectively deliver the signals XOR (i, i + 1), XNOR (i, i + 1) and XOR (i + 2, i + 3), XNOR (i + 2, i + 3).
- FIG. 3 represents a first embodiment of an amplifier-operator 1 of the invention.
- the bit lines which will be referred to later are those of columns i and i + 1.
- An amplifier-operator of the invention comprises two branches, respectively direct and complementary, each delivering, on an OUT and OR terminal, the result of the OR-Exclusive comparison and its complementary.
- the OUT and OUT terminals are each connected, by a P-channel MOS transistor, respectively PI and P2, to a high potential Vdd.
- the grid of transistor PI is connected to voltage Vdd by a P-channel MOS transistor P3, the gate of which is controlled by a selection signal SEL.
- the gate of transistor P2 is connected to voltage Vdd by a P-channel MOS transistor P4, the gate of which is controlled by the signal SEL.
- a P-channel MOS transistor P5, controlled by this same signal SEL, furthermore connects the gates of the transistors PI and P2.
- the gate of the transistor PI is connected to the terminal OUT and, by an N-channel MOS transistor NI, to a point 10 of interconnection between two N-channel MOS transistors N3 and N5 connecting the terminal OUT to a point 15 reference.
- Point 15 is connected by an N-channel MOS transistor N6 controlled by the signal SEL to ground.
- the gate of transistor P2 is connected to the OUT terminal and, by an N channel MOS transistor N2, to a point 20 of interconnection between two N channel MOS transistors N4 and N6 connecting the OUT terminal to point 15.
- Points 10 and 20 are also each connected, by a P-channel MOS transistor, respectively P6 and P7, to the high voltage Vdd.
- the gates of the transistors NI and N2 are connected to the direct bit line of rank i, BLdi.
- the gates of the transistors N3 and N4 are connected to the reference bit line of rank i, BLri.
- the gate of transistor N5 is connected to the reference line of rank i + 1, BLri + 1.
- the gate of transistor N6 is connected to the direct bit line of rank i + 1, BLdi + 1.
- the gates of the transistors P6, P7 and N7 receive the selection signal SEL.
- the reading is carried out by comparing the voltage level of a bit line of each column with respect to the reference line of this column.
- the logic operation is performed on so-called analog signals, that is to say on a small amplitude of variation with respect to a precharge level, in the manner of a conventional sense amplifier.
- the signal SEL is inactive (in the low state)
- the two outputs OUT and OUT are preloaded at the high voltage level (Vdd).
- Vdd high voltage level
- a signal SEL in the low state turns on the transistors P3, P4 and P5.
- the voltage level Vdd is therefore reported on the basis of the transistors PI and P2 as well as on the OUT and OUT terminals.
- the transistors P6 and P7 are also on. It follows that the transistors NI, N2, N3 and N4 are insensitive to the signals present on the lines BLdi and BLri, their respective drains and sources being at the same potential Vdd (neglecting the voltage drops in the transistors in the on state ). In addition, as the transistor N7 is blocked by the signal SEL in the low state, the level of the points 10 and 20 is maintained whatever the state of the transistors N5 and N6. This state of the amplifier-operator 1 corresponds to a state of rest where no reading is carried out.
- Preloading consists in introducing the level Vdd / 2 into a reference cell associated with the reference bit line and controlled by a particular word line (not shown).
- the preload therefore consists in polarizing at Vdd / 2 a reference line of each pair of bit lines, this reference line corresponding to a line which, for the row to be read, is not connected to any memory cell transistor.
- Performing a reading consists of authorizing the transfer of the levels present on the direct and reference bit lines to the amplifier-operator.
- transistors are used conventionally and not shown of separation or isolation inserted between the matrix array of memory cells and the amplifier-read operators on each bit line. Consequently, what has been illustrated in FIG. 2 as being the bit lines BLri, BLdi, BLdi + 1 and BLri + 1 corresponds in fact to the analog inputs of the amplifier-operator which are connected to the columns of the matrix network by 1 'through the isolation transistors.
- the levels present on the direct and reference bit lines are transferred to the respective gates of the NI transistors, N2, N3, N4, N5 and N6.
- the operator-amplifier is then selected by switching the signal SEL to the high state. This results in a blocking of the transistors P3, P4, P5, P6 and P7 and a switching on of the transistor N7.
- the blocking of transistors P3 to P5 frees the gates of the transistors PI and P2 mounted as an inverter to allow reading.
- the blocking of the transistors P6 and P7 frees the nodes 10 and 20 to allow the comparison.
- the conduction of transistor N7 brings point 15 to ground to fix the low state.
- the content of the cell read (for example of row j) of column i contains a "1". This means that, when it is selected for reading, after addressing by the word row WLj, the bit line BLdi is brought to a potential greater than the precharging potential (for example, Vdd / 2). The BLri reference line remains at the Vdd / 2 level. This results in a stronger conduction of the transistors NI and N2 than that of the transistors N3 and N4. According to the invention, the output state is conditioned by the states taken by the transistors N5 and N6, themselves conditioned by the reading of the cell of the column i + 1.
- this column i + 1 also contains, in the cell read, a high state.
- the BLri line is then at a level higher than the precharge level of the BLri + 1 line.
- the transistor N5 therefore conducts more than transistor N6.
- This conduction imbalance causes point 10 to be at a potential lower than that of point 20. Consequently, the transistor NI lowers the potential of the terminal OUT faster than the transistor N2 lowers the potential of the terminal OUT.
- the transistor PI becomes conductive, which forces the potential of the terminal OUT to the high state. This confirms the blocking of transistor P2.
- the content of the cell of column i + 1 is in the low state, its selection results in a reduction of the potential compared to the precharge level. It follows that the transistor N5 conducts less than the transistor N6 which has remained at the precharge level. The conduction imbalance leads to a faster lowering of the potential of point 20 and, consequently, a stronger conduction of transistor N2. The consequence is that the potential of the terminal OUT decreases and that the transistor P2 is turned on. This passing state of the transistor P2 confirms a high state on the terminal OUT and confirms the blocking of the transistor PI, therefore the low state on the terminal OUT. This state is consistent with the OU-Exclusive function when the two inputs have different states.
- the cell in column i contains a low state. Its selection then results in faster conduction of the transistors N3 and N4 preloaded at level Vdd / 2 compared to the transistors NI and N2 whose gates receive a signal of lower level. If the cell of rank i + 1 contains a state 1, the transistor N5 conducts more strongly. The point 10 drops faster than the point 20 and the transistor N3 causes the transistor P2 to turn on and the output point OUT to drop. As before, the conduction of transistor P2 confirms the blocking of transistor PI and the high level at output OUT. This state is consistent with the OU-Exclusive function, the two inputs of which are in the low state.
- the preload level can be greater than Vdd / 2 (between Vdd / 2 and Vdd).
- an amplifier-operator of the invention delivers both the result of an OR-Exclusive operation and its complementary (NON-OR-Exclusive).
- An advantage of the present invention is that the output level is obtained very quickly compared to a conventional circuit. Indeed, by combining the reading and the logic function, it is no longer necessary to wait for the output states of the sense amplifiers to stabilize, the comparison being carried out directly on the analog states.
- Another advantage of the present invention is that it reduces the number of transistors necessary to carry out the amplification and the logical comparison compared to conventional circuits. Indeed, in a conventional reading amplifier, at least a dozen transistors are used.
- FIG. 4 represents a second embodiment of an amplifier-operator the according to the invention. Compared to the circuit of FIG. 3, the difference lies in the addition of two N-channel MOS transistors N9 and N10 mounted as an inverter between the transistors PI and N3 and between the transistors P2 and N4.
- the gate of transistor N9 is connected to terminal OUT and the gate of transistor N10 is connected to terminal OUT.
- the input signals BLdi, BLri, BLdi + 1 and BLri + 1 have been designated by A, A, B and B.
- transistors N9 and N10 The role of transistors N9 and N10 is to block the state read in the cell in order to freeze the output states.
- An advantage of the circuit of FIG. 4 is that the consumption of the circuit is eliminated as soon as the output signal is completely established.
- each bit line (each pair of bit lines) with two neighboring amplifiers to compare the state of the column with respect to the two neighboring columns.
- XOR type comparisons are thus carried out successively between two neighboring cells.
- Each column (except the first and the last) is therefore examined (read and combined) twice.
- the number of circuits 1 or 1 ′ of the invention is therefore n-1, where n represents the number of columns of the memory plane to be examined.
- the dividing lines of an image for example black and white, whose black corresponds to state 1 and whose white corresponds to state 0, are determined for a given row.
- the present invention is susceptible of various variants and modifications which will appear to those skilled in the art.
- the connections of the different bit lines to the amplifier-operators and the exploitation of the output signals of these amplifier-operators will depend on the application.
- the voltage levels in particular, the preload levels used
- the invention applies to any reading mode conventionally used for dynamic memories.
- the invention also applies to the case where the reference bit line of each column is dedicated to the reference function, as well as to the case where the reference line of a column is in fact the direct line from a neighboring column.
- the dimensions of the various transistors are within the reach of one skilled in the art from the functional indications given above and from the envisaged application.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Dram (AREA)
- Static Random-Access Memory (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0016399 | 2000-12-15 | ||
FR0016399A FR2818425B1 (fr) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Amplificateur de lecture de cellules memoire a fonction logique de type ou-exclusif |
PCT/FR2001/004004 WO2002049034A2 (fr) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-12-14 | Amplificateur de lecture de cellules memoire a fonction logique de type ou-exclusif |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1342241A2 true EP1342241A2 (fr) | 2003-09-10 |
Family
ID=8857718
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01994877A Withdrawn EP1342241A2 (fr) | 2000-12-15 | 2001-12-14 | Amplificateur de lecture de cellules memoire a fonction logique de type ou-exclusif |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6920075B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1342241A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2818425B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002049034A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2988535B1 (fr) | 2012-03-23 | 2014-03-07 | Soitec Silicon On Insulator | Circuit de pompage de charge a transistors munis de portes doubles en phase, et procédé de fonctionnement dudit circuit. |
US9153305B2 (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-10-06 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Independently addressable memory array address spaces |
US9455020B2 (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-09-27 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Apparatuses and methods for performing an exclusive or operation using sensing circuitry |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0787032B2 (ja) * | 1985-07-08 | 1995-09-20 | 日本電気アイシ−マイコンシステム株式会社 | 半導体記憶装置 |
JPS6365418A (ja) * | 1986-09-05 | 1988-03-24 | Rohm Co Ltd | 光情報処理装置の発光体光出力補正方法 |
US5034636A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1991-07-23 | Motorola, Inc. | Sense amplifier with an integral logic function |
US5859548A (en) * | 1996-07-24 | 1999-01-12 | Lg Semicon Co., Ltd. | Charge recycling differential logic (CRDL) circuit and devices using the same |
US6448818B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2002-09-10 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus, method and system for a ratioed NOR logic arrangement |
-
2000
- 2000-12-15 FR FR0016399A patent/FR2818425B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-12-14 WO PCT/FR2001/004004 patent/WO2002049034A2/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-12-14 US US10/450,803 patent/US6920075B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-14 EP EP01994877A patent/EP1342241A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0249034A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2818425A1 (fr) | 2002-06-21 |
WO2002049034A3 (fr) | 2002-08-22 |
US20040036508A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
WO2002049034A2 (fr) | 2002-06-20 |
FR2818425B1 (fr) | 2003-04-04 |
US6920075B2 (en) | 2005-07-19 |
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