Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
  • B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
  • B07B13/05—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size using material mover cooperating with retainer, deflector or discharger
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
  • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
  • B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and device for dry separating light and heavy fractions of a granulometrically pre-sieved building rubble mixture, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 6 respectively.
• the above mentioned separating operations can be carried out either by wet or dry methods.
• the wet or flood separation method is conventionally used, for example, in the Netherlands (in which quarries are practically unavailable), to allow the inert materials derived from building rubbles, or recovery materials, to be also used for higher quality applications, requiring a substantially full absence of light fractions. Accordingly, great amounts of water and several processing apparatus are required, the operating cost of which is very high.
• the light fraction weight residue at the end of the processing cycle, mainly comprises stick or rod-like "wood pieces", which, in a preliminary passage of the rubble material through the crashing mill, are derived from doors, windows and the like, i.e. have been detached from the latter, generally along the direction of the wood grains and at the wood knots, thereby assuming a length pattern of, for example, from about 10-12 cm to 20 cm and more, with small uneven or "rod-like" cross-sections.
• the above mentioned dry separating methods have not been found suitable, up to present, for separating said "rods" by prior vibrating panels including throughgoing holes or resilient blade elements having a size suitable to provide a desired granulometry, for example of 30/70 mm; moreover, the above mentioned sorting or separation cannot be performed by blowing or sucking devices, unless great powers are used, which, on the other hand, would cause tile portions, i.e. heavy portions, to be blown away or sucked.
• the aim of the present invention is to provide a separating method and device of the above mentioned type, which is suitable to further reduce, in the separated inert material fraction, the light fraction weight residue, to rates less than the above mentioned 0.2% rate provided by prior methods and devices.
• a main object of the present invention is to allow the above indicated results to be obtained by using a very small power amount and without requiring any modifications of prior dry processing systems.
• the method and device according to the invention provide a lot of important advantages.
• the subject method and device allow to greatly reduce the light fraction weight residue under said 0.2% rate provided by prior devices, for example by 50% or more of said rate, i.e. a residue rate less than 0.1%, as it will be more apparent hereinafter from the disclosure of some practical examples.
• a further advantage is that the mentioned results can be automatically achieved, i.e. without using operators for pre-removing the light fractions, as is necessary in the "Dutch" separating or flood method.
• the progressively advancing continuous shocks applied to the rods in the longitudinal direction of the vibrating panel, and the pushing forces applied to said rods in their longitudinal feeding direction by greater weight pieces, fed at a greater rate, together with partition walls having wedge sides, provide an advantageous reliable pre-orienting of the rods.
• the rods are prevented from being arranged in a cross direction, for example against the partition walls, susceptible to operate as "dam" hindering and stopping the mixture being fed through the orienting passages.
• the desired rod separating operation is reliably and automatically achieved by a resiliently flexible edge, for example made of a rubber or the like material, having such a flexibility rendering it undeformable as the light wood rods pass thereon and, in the meanwhile, being deflected under the weight of the heavier and larger pieces bearing thereon, which will consequently fall by gravity through said variable size composite opening.
• a resiliently flexible edge for example made of a rubber or the like material
• the present invention advantageously provides a light fraction comprising only the longer wood rods, or exclusively said rods, which are supplied in a clean condition and, accordingly, must not be disposed of in disposal sites, but can be used in other applications, for example, advantageously, for making industrial hardboard, cellulose, paper materials and so on.
• an extended receiving region for receiving the rubble mixture therein allows to reliably distribute said mixture substantially in the form of a thin layer, or a single- layer mixture, to facilitate a longitudinal self-orienting of said rods, even if the rabble mixture is fed by conventional conveyor belts or chutes having a comparatively narrow cross-section.
• Figure 1 is a schematic top plan view of the dry separating device for separating light and heavy fractions of a building rubble mixture
• Figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the plane II-II of figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a further schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line III-HI of figure 2;
• Figure 4 illustrates, on an enlarged scale, a detail of the end portion of the subject separating device having a variable size discharging opening
• Figures 5 and 6 schematically show different instantaneous discharging conditions, respectively related to a first and second separated-material curtains.
• the separating device according to the present invention has been generally indicated by 1 and comprises a casing 2 and a vibrating panel 3, which is driven, according to the invention, with a reciprocating vibrating motion, in a substantially coplanar plane, by a vibrating assembly, (not specifically shown), including side motor-vibrating devices, (also not shown and which can have any desired construction);
• the reference 6 indicates stiffening ribs for supporting the mentioned motor- vibrating devices.
• the vibrating-sieving feeding panel 3 can be made with any suitable construction, for example as a vibrating-feeding device, a vibrating channel and so on.
• the reference 5 indicates pivoting holes in a bearing construction, not specifically shown, for adjusting the downward inclination of the vibrating panel 3, depending on the composition, moisture contents and so on of the fed rubble mixture, or on other operating parameters.
• a first portion 12 for feeding and spreading/levelling the rubble mixture 9, supplied by a channel conveyor belt 11, as conventional, having, for example, a width of 30 cm, and supported by side supporting elements 4 is arranged.
• the rubble stream 9 falling from the channel conveyor belt 11 forms a rubble curtain 9A, with which is advantageously associated a pneumatic removal device 10 for removing the lighter portions having a weight smaller than that of the wood rods, for example a blower or sucker device, said removed light portions being then separately collected, in a per se known manner.
• a pneumatic removal device 10 for removing the lighter portions having a weight smaller than that of the wood rods, for example a blower or sucker device, said removed light portions being then separately collected, in a per se known manner.
• the removal operation in particular, will be actuated depending on the desired features of the inert materials and rod fraction, either in combination or not with other downstream performed pneumatic removal operations for removing the light parts, as it will be disclosed hereinafter.
• the above mentioned feeding and levelling region 12 is preferably constituted by a metal surface and/or a coating of any other suitable materials having a high sliding friction coefficient, to provide an efficient and quick levelling and feeding of the mixture pieces.
• a suitable coating can comprise, for example, a rubber, polyurethane or the like material, having a high sliding coefficient.
• a composite variable size cross opening 13 formed by a free opening 14, of length 14 A, and a downstream edge (with respect to the rubble mixture feeding direction F) indicated by 16, having a length 16A and constituted by a resiliently flexible material strip such as a rubber or synthetic material, fixed, along its edge opposite to the free opening 14, to the vibrating panel 3, by glueing, screws or any other suitable manner.
• the flexible edge 16 is resiliently yieldable under the weight of the larger pieces 22 of the rubble heavy fraction and, on the contrary, is substantially stable under the small weight of the wood rods 27 or other larger paper and plastics pieces 26.
• the elasticity features of the flexible edge 16, accordingly, must be fitted to the particle size of the mixture to be respectively processed. Said flexible edge 16, accordingly, can be advantageously of a replaceable type.
• variable size composite opening 13 will constitute the drop or falling opening of a first mixed curtain 21 comprising the heavy components 22 and smaller light fraction components 23, i.e. passing through the free opening 14.
• the front impact side 28 of the walls 7 is formed with a slanted pattern as a lead-in side for raising and rotating the rods 27.
• the height of the partition wall 7 will be generally larger than the largest particle size of the rubble mixture 9 to be processed, for example of 100 mm for a particle size or granulometry of 30-70 mm. Accordingly, the rods 27, a portion or end of which is urged to slide and raise from said lead-in sides 28 during the feeding thereof, will tend, in falling from said slanted lead-in side, to be arranged on the vibrating panel 3 in a substantially longitudinal arrangement. With respect to the length of the flexible strip or edge
• a pneumatic device for example a blower or sucker device 29, for removing from said first and or second curtains 21 and 24 the light fractions comprising paper pieces, synthetic sheet pieces, small wood pieces and the like.
• the separating device 1 according to the invention which has been partially hereinabove disclosed, operates as follows:
• the rabble 9 mixture curtain 9A is caused to fall onto the levelling portion 12 of the vibrating panel 3, whereas the powdery portion will be previously removed.
• the individual different typological pieces, schematically indicated, for example, by 22, 23, 26, 27, forming said mixture 9, as they fall on the starting portion 12 of the vibrating panel or belt 3, will be spread apart or levelled both because of the impact on a surface having a high sliding coefficient and of their related rolling movements one above the other occurring in the falling movement and favored by the substantially coplanar vibrations tending to separate from one another said individual pieces, which levelling, moreover, would be facilitated due to the comparatively high width of the mentioned portion 12.
• the portions of the heavier fractions will be entrained thereby or slide through said channels 8, either directly or by a partial pre-rotating on themselves, as they impact against the lead-in corners 28 of the partition walls 7.
• the rods 27, because of their comparatively large length, will arrive, in an easier manner, either before or after, to contact the lead-in corners 28 or said partition wall 7 and, under the combined feeding action exerted on said rods by the vibrating panel 3 and adjoining moving portions of the heavier fractions 22, said rods will be subjected to a longitudinal orienting and guiding action as they are fed to the inlet of said orienting and guiding channels 8, and or through said channels, with a possible raising, rotating and falling, as above mentioned.
• said rods 27 can be moved toward said free opening 14 with a position substantially perpendicular to the latter. Under these conditions, said rods 27 tend to by-pass, at first with an overhang arrangement, and then with a movable bridging arrangement, the free opening 14, without hindering, owing to a possible downward inclination of the rod front end portions, a passing of said rods through said free opening 14 and then bearing by their front end portions on the flexible edge or strip 13, which is likewise vibrating with the vibrating panel 3. Thus, the rods 27 are further entrained toward the falling edge 19 of the end length 18 of the vibrating panel 3. A like operation occurs for the paper or synthetic sheet pieces 26 having a length greater than the length of the free opening 14. Thus, the rods 27 and paper and plastic sheet pieces of larger size 26 will form the second curtain 24 which will only comprise longitudinally extending materials of the light fractions.
• the flexible edge 16 can be longitudinally cut by cuts 31, defining a plurality of adjoining tabs 32 which can be flexed independently from one another, thereby greatly improving the separating operation efficiency and the amount of rods included in the first curtain 21 will be actually negligible
• the lighter paper or synthetic sheet pieces 23, 26 could also be advantageously pneumatically removed by using, as known per se, blower or sucker units 29, figures 5 and 6, and related collecting means 29A, the arrows in said figures indicating the entraimnent direction of the taken light fractions.
• blower or fan devices 10 and 29 By using said blower or fan devices 10 and 29, it would be possible to advantageously obtain an inert material 33 practically free of light fractions and/or a collection of rods 34 likewise practically cleaned and free of other paper or plastic material light fractions. Thus, it would be possible to greatly increase the commercial value of the obtained inert material and, in the meanwhile, the cleaned wood rods, instead of being directed to a disposal of site, can be reused for making cellulose, paper, paperboard materials for industrial applications and so on.
• the actuation of the pneumatic removal means at the rubble curtain 9 A and first and second curtains 21 and 24, either individually or in combination at will, will depend both on the rubble mixture 9 composition and on the desired clearness degree of the inert materials and/or rod fraction to be made.

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• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
• Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=11446128

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (1)

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• 2000
  • 2000-11-22 IT IT2000MI002508A patent/IT1320091B1/it active
• 2001
  • 2001-11-21 WO PCT/EP2001/013520 patent/WO2002041967A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 2001-11-21 AT AT01997338T patent/ATE333313T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-11-21 EP EP01997338A patent/EP1337305B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-11-21 DE DE60121616T patent/DE60121616D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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