EP1308270A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von flachen Hülsen und damit Hergestellte Hülse - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von flachen Hülsen und damit Hergestellte Hülse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1308270A1
EP1308270A1 EP02292698A EP02292698A EP1308270A1 EP 1308270 A1 EP1308270 A1 EP 1308270A1 EP 02292698 A EP02292698 A EP 02292698A EP 02292698 A EP02292698 A EP 02292698A EP 1308270 A1 EP1308270 A1 EP 1308270A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cut
strip
film
sleeves
stump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02292698A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1308270B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Froigneux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clayrtons SA
Original Assignee
Clayrtons SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Clayrtons SA filed Critical Clayrtons SA
Publication of EP1308270A1 publication Critical patent/EP1308270A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1308270B1 publication Critical patent/EP1308270B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2155/00—Flexible containers made from webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2155/00—Flexible containers made from webs
    • B31B2155/002—Flexible containers made from webs by joining superimposed webs, e.g. with separate bottom webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/10—Shape of flexible containers rectangular and flat, i.e. without structural provision for thickness of contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
    • B31B2160/30—Shape of flexible containers pointed or tapered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
    • B31B70/74—Auxiliary operations
    • B31B70/92—Delivering
    • B31B70/98—Delivering in stacks or bundles
    • B31B70/984—Stacking bags on wicket pins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of flat sleeves formed in from two superimposed films which have at least two welded sides as well as at least one opening on a third side.
  • Such sleeves can generally be used for packaging various products, such as confectionery (Easter eggs, ...), gift items, pastries, or containers containing for example a drink.
  • the sleeves can have various shapes, in particular a shape flared (giving the sleeves a substantially frustoconical shape when they contain items) or a rectangular shape (giving them a shape substantially cylindrical when containing articles).
  • a particular application of the invention relates to sleeves intended to package bouquets of cut flowers.
  • scabbards will have an initial flared shape with their two sides not parallel heat-sealed and their two parallel sides forming two openings, the most wide for flowers, the other for stems.
  • each scabbard substantially forms a truncated cone with, possibly, a portion substantially cylindrical around the rods.
  • the document DE 25 01 691 describes for example a production line which makes it possible to produce sheaths (also called covers or bags in the rest of this text) flared from two width films different.
  • the two films of different widths are superimposed with the widest film below the narrowest film, which defines two side bands where only the widest film protrudes. These bands side will serve in particular as a hanging area for the sleeves or more precisely for a set of stacked sleeves.
  • the sheaths cut on the production line have a flared shape, for example substantially trapezoidal, with a joined cutting.
  • the sleeves as described according to this prior art are hung in bundles in their hanging areas.
  • To extract a sheath of the package just unhook it.
  • each scabbard comprises a portion of stump and a part of the detachable cover vis-à-vis the stump part.
  • the cover parts are here connected to the stump parts by pre-cuts. This avoids the problem mentioned above, related to the sheath attachment zone, which is at the same time useless, unsightly or even embarrassing.
  • the films are separated for the cut independently of each other. Specifically, we raise the film upper to cut, for example in a wavy shape, which will become the edge of the front side of a sheath, while we realize only a pre-cut, for example corrugated, in the lower film for detachably connect what will become the stump part and the face back of the sleeve cover part.
  • Cutting the edge of the front face and pre-cutting the rear face thus have similar shapes and a chosen aesthetic appearance, and are slightly offset.
  • the invention aims to provide a simple method for manufacturing flat sleeves having a cover part detachable from a part of strain, which is free from the drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art.
  • the present invention thus provides a solution that is both simple, reliable and inexpensive, which makes it possible to obtain sheaths of good quality, of a clean and well finished appearance.
  • the pre-cut being very close to the edge of the second film, the edges top of the front and back sides of the cover parts have finally practically the same contour, despite the existence of one or more zones interruption in cutting.
  • the cut is wavy, it is arranged advantageously to place the interruption zones at vertices of the undulations.
  • the vertices corresponding to the interruptions will be slightly flattened since they actually correspond to uncut portions of the longitudinal edge of the second strip and, for the first strip, to portions of the line pre-cut.
  • the interruption zones have a fairly short length, for example example of the order of 2 cm, then the flattening of the vertices of undulations will be barely visible in the cover part.
  • the article can be inserted into the sheath before or after separation of the cover part with respect to the stump part.
  • main non-rectilinear cutting line according to the invention can have various shapes, so that the aesthetic appearance of the sleeves can be particularly well studied.
  • the pre-cutting belongs to a pre-cutting line continuous, carried out before the main cutting line.
  • the precut comprises at least one element discreet pre-cutting, located in the said interruption zone (s).
  • This discreet element can be made before or after cutting main, but it is advantageously at the same time as the latter, in one operation.
  • the sheaths are cut using a cookie cutter.
  • sheaths are stacked in making their shapes coincide, and we connect them at the level of their parts of strain, then cut several sheaths at a time.
  • said main cutting line not straight, has ripples.
  • the undulations can present various profiles, which the manufacturer can choose according to the final aesthetic he wants to give to the scabbards.
  • two strips of films of different widths superimposed on the same axis longitudinal, thus defining, in the first strip, which is the widest, two lateral parts which protrude with respect to the second strip, and we creates a pre-cut line in each of these two side parts.
  • the sleeves are cut transversely according to a flared shape.
  • two bands are used of film whose longitudinal axes are offset from each other, so that one of the bands has a lateral part which protrudes opposite a longitudinal edge of the second strip, the two strips can then have the same width or not.
  • the invention further relates to a flat sheath comprising a first and second film sheets superimposed and assembled according to au at least two sides welded together, and comprising a cover part having two sheets respectively formed in the two sheets of the sheath, as well as part of the stump, which is formed in the first leaf of the sheath, which is detachably connected to the first sheet of the part cover by at least one pre-cut, and which protrudes with respect to the second sheet of the cover part.
  • the present invention provides a flat sheath which provides a solution to these problems thanks to the fact that the edges of the first and second sheets of the cover part have non-straight portions which coincide along a main cutting line interrupted in at least one area of interruption, and to the fact that the edge of the first sheet of the part of cover is connected to the stump part only at the level of said at least a pre-cut, which is made in the first sheet of the sheath and which is located in said at least one interruption zone, in the vicinity of a straight portion of the edge of the second sheet of the cover part.
  • the precut (s) are arranged in the first sheet whose edge they will delimit after separation of the cover part from the stump part, while the edge of the second sheet is delimited by a portion of the straight edge of the film in which this second sheet is formed, left uncut.
  • the sheath has two pre-cut portions, between the stump part and the cover part, arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis of symmetry of the sheath.
  • the non-rectilinear portions are undulations.
  • each sleeve can be connected by its part of strain to the strain parts of other similar scabbards, so as to form a bundle of sheaths.
  • said at least one pre-cut has a curved shape and extends the main cutting line into the interruption zone.
  • the sheath comprises in in addition to suspension means arranged on one or the other of the first and second sheet, preferably in an area of the part of cover remote from the stump part.
  • the film strips 1,2 have two different widths, the widest film 1 being placed below of the narrowest film 2; the two film strips are arranged with so that their respective longitudinal axes coincide.
  • the two film strips 1 and 2 can be the same width but, in this case, they must have longitudinal axes offset from each other so that the strip 1 has a longitudinal side portion which projects opposite the other band 2.
  • one or two notched rollers 5 come to rest on the widest film in order to form a pre-cut line (or dotted cutout) 6 in the protruding side part (s) of this movie. Between this pre-cut line 6 and the longitudinal edge of the film 1 which protrude are defined two longitudinal side bands (or parts) 11A, 11B.
  • pre-cutting line or lines 6 are formed in the vicinity immediate of the longitudinal edge (s) 2A, 2B of the film strip 2.
  • rollers 5 used for the pre-cutting are mounted resting on a cylinder, thanks to leaf springs.
  • the rollers 5 can be made of treated steel, with a diameter of 100 mm and their notches are such that cuts of 5 mm are made, spaced 0.5 mm apart.
  • the preforms 7 can be of various shapes and arrangements, known per se, and adapted to the application case.
  • preforms having two non-parallel sides 71, 72 oriented substantially transversely to the length of the film strips, with a "head-to-tail” arrangement joined sleeves in order to have the least loss of material possible.
  • the sleeves thus formed therefore comprise a lateral strip 11 (formed from the side bands 11A or 11B) which forms the strain, as well that a part of the cover in which the flowers (or others) will be subsequently arranged.
  • This part of the cover has a sheet F1, which comes from the strip of film 1 and of which the stump part is integral, and a sheet F2, which is from the film strip 2.
  • the sleeves F are stacked for example on needles 8 aligned at the level of one of the lateral bands (or part) 11, that is to say, between the pre-cut line 6 and one of the edges of the widest film 1.
  • suspension means 100 are intended to allow the attachment and / or fixing the sheath F, empty or filled with a bouquet, on a support suspension such as a display rod located on a store gondola, such as the edge of a supermarket cart or shopping cart (registered name), or again such that the horizontal rod, in the shape of a closed U, arranged on the side and under the conduct bar of a shopping cart and intended to receive the hooks of hangers.
  • a support suspension such as a display rod located on a store gondola, such as the edge of a supermarket cart or shopping cart (registered name), or again such that the horizontal rod, in the shape of a closed U, arranged on the side and under the conduct bar of a shopping cart and intended to receive the hooks of hangers.
  • adhesive elements are used with hook 110 formed by cutting from a sheet produced in a rigid material, for example plastic.
  • These adhesive elements with hook 110 have a self-adhesive fixing part 112 covered, before positioning and fixing, with a peelable sheet which comes attach by gluing on the outer face of sheet F2 on the examples illustrated.
  • This fixing step is integrated into the production line, from preferably automatically and / or mechanically.
  • suspension means 100 equip at one of the coils 3, 4 respectively provided with the first strip film 1 and the second film strip 2.
  • suspension means 100 on the second film strip 2 (or on the first film strip 1) before step for forming the pre-cutting line 6, or between this step and before the cutting and heat sealing step (location of the preform 7 on Figure 1).
  • suspension means 100 on the second film strip 2 or on the first film strip 1 at the same workstation as that which is equipped with the preform 7, in order to perform these operations either simultaneously or successively (and in order fitting suspension means 100 then carrying out the cutting step and or in reverse order).
  • These adhesive elements with hook 110 also include a hook part 114 intended to hang on a support.
  • the hook part 114a is open, identically a hanger hook, which allows the sheath to be hung on a rod or on any ledge.
  • the hook part 114b is closed by forming a loop intended to be plugged on the end of a support rod.
  • the variant illustrated in FIG. 1C is formed by an adhesive element 120 formed of a portion 122 from a rigid sheet, for example of material plastic, surrounding an opening 124 having a closed contour.
  • the mounting of the adhesive element 120 is done using a cookie cutter which simultaneously makes it possible to bond the adhesive element 120 to the external face of the sheet F2 of the sheath F and of forming in this sheet F2, opposite the opening 124, a recess 130 having a closed contour.
  • the suspension means 100 consist of the element adhesive 120 and recess 130.
  • the means of suspension 100 may consist only of the recess 130 produced hot in sheet F2 of sheath F.
  • the needles 8 are arranged on the side of the large opening of the sleeves F, which allows a good battery maintenance.
  • the step following stacking advantageously consists of the formation of bundles of sheaths.
  • means 9 comprising at least one and preferably several heating rods 10 are arranged above the bands 11 fixed on the needles 8.
  • a lowering of the means 9 makes it possible to penetrate the heating rods 10 through the thickness of the strips 11 stacked and thus thermally weld the bundles, at the level of the stumps scabbards.
  • the rods 10 are obviously arranged so as not to meet the needles 8 in this movement.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the next step which consists of a final cut of the bundles (or possibly sheaths individually), thanks to a press / cookie cutter 12.
  • the press 12 cooperates with a cutting board 13 on which are deposited and positioned the bundles.
  • the press 12 can rotate around a vertical central axis XX 'in order to be clear of the cutting board 13 when placing the sleeves on plate 13.
  • the dotted lines generally represent the press 12 in cutting position.
  • the bundles formed of sheaths are positioned on the board 13 and maintained by any means known per se 14, which are located outside the press action area 12.
  • These means of support may be bands of compressible foam glued to the plate 13, between which the bundles of sheaths are wedged.
  • strips 23 are glued on board 13, on either side of the area where the line will be formed main cutting 15 of the sheaths (see Figure 4).
  • Strips 23 can be formed from compressible foam.
  • the press 12 is equipped with blades 25 shaped according to a well defined profile which corresponds to the cutting line main 15; the blades 25 are embedded in a rigid support, and surrounded by portions of compressible foam 24 which follow the profile of the blade 25, on either side thereof.
  • the foam portions 24 repel finished products outside the blades 25. This makes it possible in particular to prevent any risk of injury and obtaining a clearer and more net.
  • the strips 23 are arranged in pairs of two strips between which a space is provided for the insertion of the cutting blades 25 during the cut.
  • Figure 3 shows two bundles L1, L2 as initially deposited on the cutting board 13.
  • the action area of the press 12 is symbolized from inside the rectangle in dashed lines.
  • the bundles in particular have the holes 17 formed by the heating rods 10 and the precut lines 6.
  • the holes 17 can be used for hanging bundles of sleeves on suitable means (rods) for hanging or retaining, for use bundles, the stump parts must be properly retained for allow "tearing off" of the cover parts.
  • Figure 4 shows the same bundles L1 and L2 maintained by the foam elements 14 outside the press action area. Through elsewhere, this figure shows the main cutting lines 15, as well as hatched areas 16 which correspond to cutting waste.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the final appearance of the sleeves F, with their line 15 of main cut, wavy line which is interrupted in two zones 19, 20 whose length L is very small.
  • the interrupted zone or zones 19, 20 of line 15 of main cut leave one or more portions 21, 22 of the edge of the sheet F2 from edge 2A or 2B of film 2.
  • the main cutting line 15 is interrupted in order to preserve, in sheet F1, portions of the line of pre-cut 6, that is to say to preserve a temporary connection between the part of stump and the cover part of each scabbard.
  • This temporary connection consists of two pre-cut portions, formed between the stump part and the cover part, and comprising the pre-cutting line 6, the zones 19, 20 of interruption of line 15 and the portions 21, 22 of the edge of the sheet F2.
  • This arrangement is very advantageous because it allows uprooting subsequent easy cover parts of the sleeves F with respect to the bands 11 forming the stumps of the sheaths.
  • the two zones 19, 20 are symmetrical with respect to the axis YY 'of symmetry of each sheath and the holes 17 formed by the heating rods 10 are also arranged symmetrically with respect to YY '.
  • the holes 17 are located substantially at the same distance from the axis of symmetry YY 'that the zones 19, 20 of interruption of the cutting line 15.
  • the holes 17 are used for the attachment of the sleeves and / or bundles of sleeves.
  • FIGS. 1B to 1D are shown, by way of example, the means of suspension 100 of the variant of FIG. 1A, namely the adhesive elements with hook 110 in the case where the hook part is open. It is understood that one or other of the variants of FIGS. 1B to 1D could be used.
  • the element 110 or 120 can be removed by peeling it from the outside of the sheet F2, to provide an aesthetically more acceptable appearance for bouquet packaging possibly intended to be offered.
  • FIG. 6 relates to an embodiment of the invention not comprising no pre-cutting line 6 but at least one discrete pre-cutting element 26 located in an interruption zone 19, 20 of the cutting line main 15.
  • each precut element 26 is in the form of a curve (for example an arc of circle) occupying most of the interruption zone and whose ends are preferably arranged in the extension of a undulation of the main cut.
  • the edge of this cover part has an aesthetic shape, without significant discontinuity at the level of the tear zone (s), with regard to concerns the first sheet of the cover part.
  • the precut elements 26 can be produced at the same time as the main cutting line 15, by cutting blades integral with the punch. They can also be formed before or after the realization of the main cutting line 15. The pre-cutting elements 26 are for example produced using specific blades of the press 12.
  • FIG. 7 also shows a variant of the invention which differs from the variant of FIG. 6 by the shape of each precut element 36 which is right. Furthermore, three pre-cutting elements 36 are formed here by sheath or sheath of sheaths, preferably arranged symmetrically relative to the axis YY 'of the sleeves. The main cutting line 15 is interrupted three times, at each precut 36.
  • the final cutout 15 of the edges of the two sheets F1 and F2 which form the cover can be made in a single operation, while allowing these edges to present an aesthetic shape, compatible with the presence of part of the strain. It is even possible to realize (or the) line (s) and / or element (s) for pre-cutting in the same operation.

Landscapes

  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP02292698A 2001-10-31 2002-10-30 Verfahren zur Herstellung von flachen Hülsen und damit Hergestellte Hülse Expired - Lifetime EP1308270B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0114115 2001-10-31
FR0114115A FR2831482B1 (fr) 2001-10-31 2001-10-31 Procede de fabrication de fourreaux plats obtenus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1308270A1 true EP1308270A1 (de) 2003-05-07
EP1308270B1 EP1308270B1 (de) 2004-08-11

Family

ID=8868946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02292698A Expired - Lifetime EP1308270B1 (de) 2001-10-31 2002-10-30 Verfahren zur Herstellung von flachen Hülsen und damit Hergestellte Hülse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1308270B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE273120T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60200920D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2831482B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1028246C2 (nl) * 2005-02-10 2006-08-11 Zwapak B V Verpakkingsblok, verpakkingshoes en werkwijze.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2501691A1 (de) * 1975-01-17 1976-07-22 Hans Lehmacher Huelle aus thermoplastischem kunststoff zum verpacken von blumen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE3721303A1 (de) * 1987-06-27 1989-01-05 Stiegler Maschf Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen von tragebeuteln mit einer geschweissten bodennaht
US4903839A (en) * 1986-08-19 1990-02-27 Windmoller & Holscher Stack of bags each having congruent cutouts and perforated lines
EP0641645A1 (de) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 Jei Lee Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von schalenförmigen Packungen; und Packung
DE19912033A1 (de) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Dierolf Doris Kunststoff-Tragetasche aus einer ein- oder mehrbahnigen Schlauchfolie

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2501691A1 (de) * 1975-01-17 1976-07-22 Hans Lehmacher Huelle aus thermoplastischem kunststoff zum verpacken von blumen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
US4903839A (en) * 1986-08-19 1990-02-27 Windmoller & Holscher Stack of bags each having congruent cutouts and perforated lines
DE3721303A1 (de) * 1987-06-27 1989-01-05 Stiegler Maschf Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen von tragebeuteln mit einer geschweissten bodennaht
EP0641645A1 (de) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-08 Jei Lee Corporation Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von schalenförmigen Packungen; und Packung
DE19912033A1 (de) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Dierolf Doris Kunststoff-Tragetasche aus einer ein- oder mehrbahnigen Schlauchfolie

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1028246C2 (nl) * 2005-02-10 2006-08-11 Zwapak B V Verpakkingsblok, verpakkingshoes en werkwijze.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE273120T1 (de) 2004-08-15
DE60200920D1 (de) 2004-09-16
FR2831482A1 (fr) 2003-05-02
FR2831482B1 (fr) 2004-04-02
EP1308270B1 (de) 2004-08-11

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