EP1306199A2 - Procédé et installation pour la production de granulés - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour la production de granulés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1306199A2
EP1306199A2 EP02425640A EP02425640A EP1306199A2 EP 1306199 A2 EP1306199 A2 EP 1306199A2 EP 02425640 A EP02425640 A EP 02425640A EP 02425640 A EP02425640 A EP 02425640A EP 1306199 A2 EP1306199 A2 EP 1306199A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pellets
machine
output
pelletizing
plant according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02425640A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1306199A3 (fr
Inventor
Fulvio Soldaini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVS SLOVAKIA S.R.O.
Original Assignee
Ecotre System Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ecotre System Srl filed Critical Ecotre System Srl
Publication of EP1306199A2 publication Critical patent/EP1306199A2/fr
Publication of EP1306199A3 publication Critical patent/EP1306199A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/005—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/28—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using perforated rollers or discs

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a method and plant for the production of pellets.
  • Pelletizing machines are described in EP 846554, WO 93/22132, FR 1371346 and GB 1153862, IT BO/93/A/116, IT BO/93/A/115.
  • the plants using pelletizing machines currently known give outputs of pellets having unsteady characteristics, that is, such characteristics that vary in the course of time, in compaction degree, liquids content and humidity level.
  • existing plants have relatively high energy consumptions and, accordingly, their cost is too large with respect to the market value of the pellets, especially when these are obtained by recycling waste material.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide an operational method and plant which allow the optimization of energy consumptions in relation to the production of a pelletized material having substantially steady characteristics. This result has been achieved, according to the invention, by adopting an operational method and plant having the characteristics indicated in the independent claims. Further characteristics of the present invention being set forth in the dependent claims.
  • the present invention makes it possible to provide a uniform and optimized production of pellets having constant structural and morphological characteristics while reducing the energy consumptions.
  • a plant according to the invention is relatively easy to make, requires relatively small space and allows the treatment of pelletizable materials of various nature, size and original humidity, such as biological dehydrated muds from depuration plants, waste pastes and pulps from industrial processes, fodders, combustible fractions of urban solid waste, compost, paper and paperboard, brushwood, textile waste, wooden shaving, sawdust, plastics materials and chemical products able to be pelletized.
  • a plant according to the invention comprises:
  • arrow (I) indicates the input material to be pelletized
  • arrow (U) indicates the output pelletized material
  • arrows (S) indicate the material fed to the silo (6) from the conduit (90) as well as the air extracted from the cyclone (3) by the aspirator (30)
  • arrows (P) indicate the pellets on output from the drawplates (20) of machine (2)
  • arrows (R) indicate the material not drawn and made to recirculate
  • arrow (G) indicates the material thrown back into a vessel (14) to be described later on, the material on output from the silo (6) to the machine (2) being indicated by arrows (Q).
  • the sieve of hopper (11) allows merely the passage and thus the treatment of material having a size non exceeding a preset limit.
  • the feed screw (110) supplies the separator (12) with material going through the meshes of the sieve (1).
  • the separator (12) provides, with procedures known per se, for separating from said material heavier objects such as metal bodies, ceramics, stones, etc., and send them to a waste-collecting vessel (14).
  • the refiner (13) provides for crushing and dimensionally homogenizing the material on output from the separator (12).
  • the aspirator (9) sucks the treated material from the refiner (13) and sends it to the silo (6), together with the material (R) that hasn't been properly pelletized within the machine (2) and introduced into the conduit (90).
  • the silo (6) is provided with a set of filters (60) for discharging air, suitably freed from the dust, out in the environment.
  • the screw extractor (7) provides for unloading the material from the silo (6) in an amount varying as a function of the rotary speed of its axis.
  • the conveyor (8) transfers the material from the extractor (7) to the hopper (1). From the latter, via the metering screw (100), the material (Q) is introduced into the pelletizing machine (2).
  • the latter may be of a type having one or more cylindrical drawplates (20) and provides, according to procedures known to those skilled in the art, for compressing the materials arriving therein, by forcing them to go through the holes of the same drawplates.
  • the second aspirator (30) is connected to the cavities (21) of the drawplates of machine (2) - the pellets being collected within said cavities via corresponding connecting conduits (the route of which is indicated by arrows P in the layout of Fig. 1) - and provides for aspirating the pellets and putting them into the cyclone separator (3).
  • the latter exhibits an inlet and an outlet for the pellets, the outlet being in correspondence of the separator's lower base and facing the belt conveyor (4).
  • the dust going along the pellets in this step of the work cycle arrives at the sieve (5) together with the pellets.
  • the sieve (5) located downstream of the belt conveyor (4), is of vibration type and with meshes of preset width.
  • the pellets caught by the wire net are bag-filled at a well known bag-filling station (not described).
  • the pellet fragments, residual dust and pellets which are of a size smaller than the one preset pass through the meshes of the sieve (5) and are aspirated by the first aspirator (9), which is pneumatically connected with the lower base of the sieve (5), and are thus put again in circulation, that is, conveyed into the said conduit (90). All the too-noisy apparatuses can be disposed within a soundproof cabin (10).
  • the humidity of the material can be detected by means of probes (IG), of known type, located within the silo (6) and/or the hopper (1).
  • a probe (IG) within the silo (6) senses that the material present therein has a humidity lower than 16 ⁇ 18%
  • water is put into the silo (6), into the feeder (8) or into the machine (2), until one of subsequent detections reveals a humidity level corresponding to the programmed value (in this example, a value in the range of 16-18%).
  • the humidity degree of the output pellets can be evaluated by means of hygroscopic probes (IGU) disposed in a container of known dimensions (that is, of known volume) positioned upon load cells intended for receiving pellets on output from the plant to measure the bulk density, as above mentioned.
  • IGU hygroscopic probes
  • said measurement can be carried out on pellet samples on output from the plant, in the same way as illustrated in Fig. 7.
  • numeral (70) designates the container for receiving the pellets from a belt conveyor (75) possibly provided in correspondence of the outlet (U) of the plant.
  • the container (70) may be provided with a bottom (73), able to be open for the discharge of pellets, with load cells (72) and with one or more igroscopic probes (71) suitable for sending signals respectively to a unit (IGU) for computing the bulk density "p a " (PA) and a unit for computing the humidity "u” (IGU).
  • IGU a unit for computing the bulk density "p a "
  • PA bulk density
  • u u
  • u and u r refers, respectively, to the bulk density of output pellets (p a ), a corresponding reference value (p r ), the humidity of output pellets (u) and a corresponding reference value (u r ).
  • the amount of material introduced into the machine (2) is related to the current absorbed by the motor(s) of the same machine, since, the material's consistency being equal, the treatment of a greater quantity of material corresponds to a higher absorbed power, and vice versa.
  • a maximum amount of material can be defined as the quantity of material in consequence of which the power absorbed by the machine (2) is the highest, that is, a quantity corresponding to a value of power developed by the motor unit beyond which structural collapses in the drawplates (20) are likely to occur.
  • the system is self-controlled, thereby providing, for example, either an increasing quantity of material, until the power absorbed is less than the rating (this being an index of poor resistance of the material to the drawplates' action), or a reduction of such quantity, or an increase of water quantity if the absorbed power is higher than the rated one.
  • FIG. 2 a diagram is given of the system which carries out the said operating steps.
  • a known per se amperometer (or a wattmeter) (AW) with digital output is provided for connection with the supplier of machine (2) and with a programmable microprocessor (UE).
  • UE programmable microprocessor
  • the sensor (T) intended for detecting the temperature of the drawplate of machine (2)
  • the sensor (IG) for detecting the humidity of the material to be treated (for example, the material in the silo 6)
  • the sensor (IGU) for detecting the humidity (u) of the output pellets
  • PA unit
  • microprocessor UE
  • the output of microprocessor (UE) is connected to the motor (MA) of aspirator (30), to motor (MT) of drawplates (20), to motor (MC) of feed screw (100) and to the motor (MMC) of feed screw (7).
  • Any suitable, known, microprocessor-based system can be used for the purpose.
  • a keyboard (TA) is for inputting and/or selecting reference values of the process parameters above defined.
  • the plant relative to Fig. 3 includes, immediately downstream, the hopper (11) for the loading the material to be treated, a deferrization unit (80) for separating the metal materials from non-metal ones and, downstream thereof, a metal detector (81).
  • a belt conveyor (82) which receives the material to be treated from the hopper (11) and carries the same material along in the direction of the arrow (W).
  • Disposed above the terminal section of the belt (82) is the mouth of the manifold of a conduit (90) associated with the aspirator (9).
  • the metal detector (81) detects the presence of metal products, the aspiration through the conduit (90) is deactivated so that the metal products (PM) are conveyed by the belt (82) to a station (83) for collecting the same.
  • two refiners (13) are provided, both of them being associated, on one side, with the manifold (90) and, on the opposite side, with the aspirator (9).
  • the material (Q) coming out of the silo (6) is pneumatically conveyed, by a further aspirator (84), in a cyclone chamber (85).
  • the aspirator (84) receives the material delivered by the silo (6) through two delivery valves of stellar type or rotocells (600). From the chamber (85), the lighter fraction of the material is put again in circulation (R), whereas the heavier one is introduced in the pelletizing machine (2) with the aid of two vertical, motor-driven screw feeders (86).
  • the pellets (P) going out from the machine (2) are pneumatically conveyed to an aeration separator (87) which, on one side, is associated with a corresponding aspirator (88) providing for conveying the dust toward the filters (60) and, on the opposite side, unloads the pellets into a final dust remover (89) via a rotocell or stellar valve (870).
  • the dust intercepted by the filters (60) and dust remover (89) are aspirated into the manifold (90) and then recirculated, as it occurs for pellets of a size smaller than a preset limit and for the material escaped from the action of the drawplates of machine (2).
  • the plant related to Fig. 4 includes the use of a pusher (110) associated with the loading hopper (11), which discharges into an underlying slow crusher mill (111).
  • the material thus crushed is pneumatically sent into the silo (6) by the action of aspirator (900).
  • the rotocell or stellar valve (901) associated with the silo (6) unloads the material onto the belt conveyor (82), which can be operated for moving the material in the directions of arrows (K) and (L).
  • the metal detector (81) likewise in the previous example. If the presence of metal products (PM) is detected, the belt is actuated for directing the latter to the corresponding collection point (83) by moving them away from the system (arrow K).
  • a horizontal feed screw (62) which takes material therefrom (via the rotocell 610) to supply it to a vertical screw meter (63). The latter feeds the machine (2) with said material.
  • Water (from the container WO) can possibly admitted into the horizontal feed screw (62) to adjust the humidity of the material fed to the machine (2), as previously described.
  • oil (from container OL) can be introduced into the machine (2), as necessary, to ease the formation of pellets in the same machine.
  • the pellets coming out of the machine (2) are pneumatically put into an aeration separator (87) associated with an aspirator (88), the same aspirator unloading pellets, of a size no less than the preset limit, into a final dust remover (89).
  • the plant relative to the example of Fig. 5 provides for the use of a crusher-mill (111) whose outlet is connected to an aspirator (900), which is in turn connected with a cyclone separator (990).
  • the cyclone separator (990) has an upper outlet for the dust (992) connected with a filtering bank (60) and a lower outlet on which a rotocell (991) is made to act for the connection thereof to a deferrization unit (80).
  • a gravimetric separator (993) provided downstream of the deferizzation unit (80) is a gravimetric separator (993) provided with two outlets, one (999) for unloading heavy materials (HC) and one connected with a silo (6) via a fan (998).
  • the silo (6) also has an upper outlet connected to the filtering bank (60) and an outlet below provided with a rotocell (600) which discharges the material onto a belt conveyor (82) provided with metal detector (81). If there is detected the presence of metal products (PM), these are disposed of in correspondence of the metal detector (81), while the material suitable for the pelletizing process is fed to the relevant machine (2) by the belt (994) which, in Fig. 5, is represented cut into two portions for the sake of clarity.
  • the pellets arriving at the aeration separator (87) are subjected to the action of aspirator (88), also connected to the filtering bank (60) and, before leaving the work cycle, go through a final dust remover (89).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
EP02425640A 2001-10-26 2002-10-24 Procédé et installation pour la production de granulés Withdrawn EP1306199A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2001FI000201A ITFI20010201A1 (it) 2001-10-26 2001-10-26 Metodo ed impianto per la produzione di pellets
ITFI20010201 2001-10-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1306199A2 true EP1306199A2 (fr) 2003-05-02
EP1306199A3 EP1306199A3 (fr) 2004-01-07

Family

ID=11442290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02425640A Withdrawn EP1306199A3 (fr) 2001-10-26 2002-10-24 Procédé et installation pour la production de granulés

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1306199A3 (fr)
CN (1) CN1413826A (fr)
IT (1) ITFI20010201A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2931721A1 (fr) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-04 Saveh Arash Honarkar Presse rotative a filieres destinee a la production de granules
EP2383032A1 (fr) * 2008-11-25 2011-11-02 Kerry Biomass Technology Limited Système de formation de pastille
EP2548725A1 (fr) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-23 Zaklady Urzadzen Kotlowych Staporkow Spolka Akcyjna Dispositif pour la fabrication d'un combustible solide sous la forme d'un profil et procédé pour la fabrication d'un combustible solide
EP2418075A3 (fr) * 2010-08-09 2013-11-06 Wilhelm Röll Dispositif et procédé destinés à la fabrication de pellets de biomasse
WO2016157086A1 (fr) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Atena Solution Srl Système compact et transportable pour la production de pellets

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108749102A (zh) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-06 东台帕瓦环保节能科技有限公司 一种节能全自动制香机
CN108943819B (zh) * 2018-09-03 2021-01-15 王京峰 一种医疗用药材自动填充加工成片装置
CN113996786B (zh) * 2021-10-12 2023-03-24 安庆帝新机电设备有限公司 一种粉末冶金压铸机用igv自动送料车

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0040406A1 (fr) * 1980-05-19 1981-11-25 Bühler AG Procédé pour commander une installation de compression de granulés d'aliments pour bétail et installations de compression de granulés d'aliments pour bétail pour mettre en oeuvre de ce procédé
US4463430A (en) * 1981-08-31 1984-07-31 Beta Corporation Microprocessor based pellet mill control
US4817517A (en) * 1985-05-09 1989-04-04 Gebrueder Buehler Ag Method and apparatus for making food pellets

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0040406A1 (fr) * 1980-05-19 1981-11-25 Bühler AG Procédé pour commander une installation de compression de granulés d'aliments pour bétail et installations de compression de granulés d'aliments pour bétail pour mettre en oeuvre de ce procédé
US4463430A (en) * 1981-08-31 1984-07-31 Beta Corporation Microprocessor based pellet mill control
US4817517A (en) * 1985-05-09 1989-04-04 Gebrueder Buehler Ag Method and apparatus for making food pellets

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2931721A1 (fr) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-04 Saveh Arash Honarkar Presse rotative a filieres destinee a la production de granules
EP2383032A1 (fr) * 2008-11-25 2011-11-02 Kerry Biomass Technology Limited Système de formation de pastille
EP2418075A3 (fr) * 2010-08-09 2013-11-06 Wilhelm Röll Dispositif et procédé destinés à la fabrication de pellets de biomasse
EP2548725A1 (fr) * 2011-07-18 2013-01-23 Zaklady Urzadzen Kotlowych Staporkow Spolka Akcyjna Dispositif pour la fabrication d'un combustible solide sous la forme d'un profil et procédé pour la fabrication d'un combustible solide
WO2016157086A1 (fr) * 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Atena Solution Srl Système compact et transportable pour la production de pellets

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITFI20010201A1 (it) 2003-04-26
EP1306199A3 (fr) 2004-01-07
CN1413826A (zh) 2003-04-30

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