EP1305249A2

EP1305249A2 - Elevator car with a driving pulley driving machine integrated therein

Info

Publication number: EP1305249A2
Application number: EP01956409A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Theodor Helmle
Original assignee: Alpha Getriebebau GmbH
Current assignee: Alpha Getriebebau GmbH
Priority date: 2000-07-29
Filing date: 2001-07-26
Publication date: 2003-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-26
Also published as: CN1283541C; ES2231529T3; DE10193023D2; AU2001278406A1; DE50104314D1; CN1492835A; WO2002010048A2; EP1305249B1; WO2002010048A3; JP2004504997A; US20030168287A1; US6892862B2

Abstract

The invention relates to an elevator car (1) comprising especially, a support frame (8) of a cable-driven elevator system without a machine room, with a compact driving pulley driving machine (7), combined with a brake, integrated in this car (1) and/or its support frame (8). The aim of the invention is to provide an elevator car of this type which can be preassembled outside of an elevator shaft as a unit ready to be installed, with as many functional parts as possible. To this end, the inventive elevator car (1) is characterised by the following features: the driving machine (7) is equipped with a permanent magnet-excited synchronous motor as the driving source; the operating electronics of the driving machine and the control electronics required for the operation of the entire elevator system form a common, interactive functional unit in the form of an electronic central unit (10); and the electronic central unit (10) is permanently connected to the elevator car and/or its support frame.

Description

Elevator car with a traction sheave drive machine integrated into this

The invention relates to an elevator car with a traction sheave drive machine integrated into this and / or its supporting frame.

Known elevator cars of this type are shown in EP 1 028 082 A2, FR 2 640 604 B1, WO 97/11020 and WO 00/64798.

The invention is concerned with the problem of creating a generic elevator car with which as many functional parts of a machine room-less elevator system as possible can be inserted completely pre-assembled together with the elevator car as a jointly prefabricated component at the construction site in the elevator shaft.

Furthermore, the use of the smallest possible compact, compact drive machine on or in the elevator car should only require the smallest possible installation space. In particular, by integrating the drive machine into the components of the elevator car, in particular in the support frame, a material and weight savings can be achieved.

A generic solution to this problem is shown by a generic drive machine with the characterizing features of claim 1.

The invention is based on the idea, in addition to a structurally extensive integration of the drive machine into the components of the elevator car or its support frame, an additional cost saving by combining all the electronic operating and control elements required for the operation of the elevator system to form a common, electronic functional unit, the means to achieve an electronic central unit and attachment of this central unit to the elevator car. This central unit is intended to contain those electronic control and operating elements which, on the one hand, serve for the operation of the elevator system including the operation of the elevator doors and, on the other hand, the operation and control of the drive machine, for example a permanent magnet-excited synchronous motor, including the brake connected to it. The control electronics, which is used in the event that the drive machine can be operated by battery for emergency operation, should also be part of the electronic central unit according to the invention. A particular advantage of this embodiment according to the invention is that almost the entire operating and control electronics of the elevator system can be prefabricated in the factory together with the elevator car. This enables a particularly cost-effective overall production of a machine room-less elevator system.

Particularly expedient and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The central unit according to the invention is connected via cables towed from the elevator car via a bus interface to a power distribution and switching station provided in a stationary manner outside the elevator shaft.

A battery for emergency power supply is provided on the power distribution / switching station. In addition, such a battery can also be present on the elevator car in order to have additional security against an interruption in the cable connection between the central unit and the switching station in the event of an emergency operation. In particular, the electronic central unit also includes those electronic means which are required for switching the drive machine to battery operation in the event of an emergency operation.

Emergency operation may be required if the main power supply fails and the drive machine stops between the elevator doors on two floors. In order to enable emergency rescue by persons in the cabin without outside help in such a case, the design of the elevator car according to the invention, i.e. if the drive machine including the electronic central unit on the elevator car is present, can lead into the interior of the elevator car Emergency exemptions may be provided. These means consist of a mechanical device for opening the brake of the drive machine that closes automatically in a spring-loaded manner in the event of a power failure. These means can consist, in particular, of a rope with an actuating handle that is guided into the interior of the cabin by the brake of the drive machine. The engine brake can be opened by pulling the actuating handle. If there is no balance between the weight of the occupied elevator car and its counterweight, the elevator car will move up or down due to the existing imbalance. A prerequisite for the elevator car not to perform any uncontrolled rapid movement is a generator operating function of the drive machine in emergency mode in which the motor windings are short-circuited.

The following measure can be provided so that the elevator car automatically assumes a position in the event of an emergency release, in which it can be left in the usual manner by the persons located in it through an open elevator door on one floor. When the means required to activate the emergency relief are activated, they can inevitably be locked in a position after activation, in which the brake inevitably remains open, irrespective of continuous actuation by the person who initiated the emergency relief. The locking means can cooperate with a button that is firmly connected to the elevator car and can detect the height of the elevator car within the elevator shaft. As soon as this button detects a height of the elevator car, in which the elevator doors can be opened on one floor for a problem-free exit, the locking of the emergency release means guaranteeing the opening position of the brake is released by, in particular, an actuator connected directly to the button. Thereafter, the emergency release means leading into the elevator car are again in their starting position specified for the activation of another emergency release.

With regard to the cable routing in an elevator machine attached to the elevator car, care must be taken that the elevator rope encompasses the traction sheave with a sufficiently large looping of more than 180 °. This can be achieved by additional deflection rollers attached to the elevator car in the vicinity of the traction sheave of the elevator machine. Various designs, some of which are already known to this extent, can be used here. Two particularly expedient configurations will be described in more detail below. The central unit according to the invention also exhibits most of the advantages described above even when it is arranged in a fixed position at any point in the elevator shaft and is not connected to the elevator car in a mobile manner.

Advantageous exemplary embodiments of the invention described in more detail below are shown in the drawing.

In this show

1 is a schematic representation of an elevator car suspended and guided in the center of gravity with a roof-side arrangement of the drive machine and an electronic central unit,

2 shows a schematic representation of an elevator car guided according to the backpack principle with an arrangement of the drive machine and central electronics on the guide-side car rear wall,

3 shows a schematic illustration of an elevator cable guide in a first embodiment of a drive machine mounted on the roof of an elevator car, 4 shows a schematic representation of an elevator cable guide in a drive machine mounted on the roof of an elevator car in a second embodiment,

5 shows a circuit diagram for the attachment and wiring of an elevator machine together with an electronic central unit to an elevator car,

FIG. 6 shows a detailed illustration of part of an emergency operating device according to section VI in FIG. 5.

In the two types of elevator car guidance according to FIGS. 1 and 2, an elevator car 1 is suspended from an elevator rope 2, which is fixed in place at both ends. Between the fixed ends, on the one hand, the elevator car 1 and, on the other hand, a counterweight 3, which is common in elevator systems, hang in this elevator cable 2. The elevator cable 2 is guided over a stationary deflection pulley 4 between the car 1 and the counterweight 3. The elevator rope 2 runs on the counterweight 3 in a deflection roller 5 mounted thereon.

On the elevator car 1, the elevator rope 2 is mounted on a traction sheave 6 of a drive machine 7 that is firmly connected to the elevator car. The differences in the designs according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are as follows.

1, in which the elevator car 1 is suspended in the vertical direction with reference to its center of gravity, the drive machine 7 is located on the roof of the elevator car 1 in a support frame 8 of this cabin.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in which the elevator car 1 is suspended and guided according to the backpack principle, the drive machine 7 is located in a carrier of a supporting frame 9 of the elevator car.

In both types of arrangement, a drive machine according to DE 197 39 899 AI can be installed, with essential parts of the motor and transmission housing being replaced by the relevant support elements of the elevator car 1.

Together with the elevator machine 6, an electronic central unit 10 is provided on the elevator car 1, the meaning and function of which is explained in more detail with reference to the illustration in FIG. 4.

A guidance of the elevator rope 2, in which a total wrap-free guidance of the elevator rope 2 results in a looping of the traction sheave 6 by more than 180 ° is shown in FIG. 3. In this version, The drive machine 7 with the traction sheave 6 is located in a lateral edge region of the roof of the elevator car 1. In a common plane with the traction sheave 6, two deflection rollers 11 and 12 are provided adjacent to the roof of the car 1. Both deflection pulleys 11 and 12, by means of which the elevator rope 2 are attached once in the rope direction in front of and once behind the traction sheave 6 - but with respect to the width of the elevator car on the same side of the drive machine 7 - are looped around by the elevator rope 2 below. The diameter size or height arrangement of the deflecting rollers 11, 12 is such that the elevator rope 2 can be fed to and removed from the traction sheave 6 without crossing. The elevator cable 2 runs via the deflection roller 11 directly to a fixed linkage in the elevator shaft. The elevator cable 2 runs from the deflection roller 12 via a deflection roller 13 which is provided in the elevator shaft in a fixed manner and via a further deflection roller 5 which is attached to the counterweight 3 to a second fixed linkage in the elevator shaft. The guidance of the elevator cable 2 over the traction sheave 6, which is caused by the deflection pulleys 11 and 12, ensures that a complete transmission of the driving torque emanating from the traction sheave 6 cannot be reduced inadmissibly by a slackening of the pull cable tension temporarily caused by a downward movement of the cabin 1. In this elevator rope guide, the elevator rope runs both in the traction sheave 6 and at least in the deflection rollers 11, 12 of the elevator car 1 - relative to one another - in each case in a straight line. An alternative guidance of the elevator rope 2, in which the elevator rope 2 wraps around the traction sheave 6 by at least 270 °, is shown in FIG. 4. The drive machine 7 with the traction sheave 6 is in turn located in a lateral edge region of the roof of the elevator car 1. A deflection roller 12 ^{Λ is} arranged in the plane of the traction sheave 6 in an opposite edge region of the elevator car roof. The elevator cable 2, which runs downward from a fixed linkage in the head region of the elevator shaft, wraps around the traction sheave 6 by at least 270 ° and then runs into the lower region of the deflection roller 12 \ attached to the opposite edge of the cabin roof, from which it passes, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 3 a stationary deflection roller 13 and the deflection roller 5 on the counterweight to a second stationary linkage in the head of the elevator shaft. With this cable guide on the elevator car, there is a central suspension of the elevator car 1. The traction sheave 6 and the deflection roller 12 ^λ can be integrated into a supporting frame that carries the elevator car. 4 there is no deflecting roller above the elevator car above the elevator car, which is desirable for safety reasons and sometimes even required.

In all cases in which the traction sheave 6 and deflection rollers are looped around the elevator car by less than 360 °, small widths of the traction sheave or the deflection roller can be realized. Result in multiple wrapping accordingly larger widths of the traction sheave and the deflection rollers.

5, the drive machine 7 fixedly attached to the elevator car 1 or its supporting frame with its functional elements, namely permanent magnet excited synchronous motor 7 \ brake 7 ^Λ , planetary gear 7 ^{> λ} and traction sheave 6 is shown. In terms of control technology, the drive machine 7 is connected to the electronic central unit 10, which is also permanently attached to the vehicle cabin 1. The electronic central unit 10 contains, in particular, functionally integrated in the elevator system electronics, the servo controller for the synchronous motor 7 of the drive machine 7.

The electronic central unit 10 serves in particular as a conventional car computer. The control electronics for the door drive of the elevator system are also integrated in the central unit 10. Connected to the central unit 10 are a so-called service panel 15, which can be used in the maintenance of the elevator system by personnel handling the elevator car 1, and the usual control panel 16 in the interior of the elevator car.

The electronic central unit 10 is connected via a trailing line to a power supply and switching station 17 fixedly attached in the elevator shaft via a bus interface located in this switching station 17. At least is connected to the switching station 17 an outer panel 18 from which the elevator can be operated. A battery 19 for emergency operation of the elevator system is located on or in the switching station 17, for which purpose the battery power source is connected to the central unit 10 via the trailing line running between the central unit 10 and the switching station 17. In addition, a battery can also be provided on the elevator car 2 in order to be able to continue emergency operation even if the tow line is defective.

In the event of a malfunction in the elevator installation, in which the elevator car 1 has stopped in a state occupied by people between two floors containing elevator doors, an emergency release device 20 that can be actuated from the inside of the elevator car 1 is provided. This device consists of a rope with a pull handle 21 at the end led into the interior of the cabin 1 and a linkage to the brake 7 ^{vx of} the drive ^machine 7 at the other end of the rope. By pulling the pull handle 21, the brake 7 is opened against a spring force acting in the closing direction of the brake by the rope guided over deflection rollers. So that after an activated emergency release for an open position of the brake 7 ^Λ the pull handle 21 does not have to remain permanently pulled, the emergency release cable interacts with a locking device 22. This locking device has a rotatable disc 23, with which the emergency release rope is firmly connected. This disc 23 is provided with a locking lug 24. If the disk 23 is rotated when the emergency rescue rope is pulled, then it lies down to the locking lug 24 a locking lever 25 holding the rope in the brake opening position. This locking lever 25 is pivotally mounted about an axis 26.

When the brake 7 ^{Λ λ} is open, the elevator car 1 automatically moves up or down in the event of an imbalance between it and the counterweight, depending on the type of imbalance. In such an emergency operation, the synchronous motor 7 ^λ acts as a generator brake.

The locking lever 25 is drawn in the locking position in FIG. 5. This locking lever 25 interacts with a button 27. This push button 27, which acts mechanically in the example shown, is firmly connected to the elevator car 1 and is able, by scanning the inner contour of the elevator shaft, to determine the position of the car 1 in which the persons trapped in the car can easily exit through an open elevator door is. For this purpose, a projection 28 on the inner wall of the elevator shaft can serve as a marking. When the projection 28 is reached, the button 27 releases the locking position of the locking lever 25 against the pressure of a compression spring 29. When the disk 23 is unlocked, the brake lock springs which are tensioned when the brake is released act upon the brake being closed.

The locking position is released by the pushbutton 27 in that a plunger 31 is displaced by an electromagnet 30 in the pushbutton in the direction of a compression of the compression spring 29. The Tappet 31 engages the compression spring 29 via an annular collar 32. An extension of the plunger 31 extending beyond the annular collar 32 is articulated to a lever 33 which is fixedly connected to the disk 23. When the compression spring 29 is compressed by the plunger 31, the disk 23 is thus automatically via the lever 33 in a position which corresponds to the closed position of the engine brake 7 ^{, λ} .

During normal operation of the elevator, the emergency release device is inactive, from which state it should not be able to be switched on unintentionally. An unwanted activation would be conceivable, for example, by a _. Pulling on the emergency release pull handle 22. Such undesired incorrect operation is avoided in that the plunger 31 during the normal operation of the elevator by the electromagnet 30 within the push button 27 forcibly holds the disk 23 in a position in which the pulling rope interacting with the pull handle 21 the engine brake 7 ^Λ cannot open or keep open. The electromagnet 30 also ensures that, after the elevator has come to a standstill due to a fault, the emergency release device 20 is not prevented from braking the elevator car 1 in a holding position predetermined by the button 27 by actuating the pull handle 21 by holding the pull handle 21 permanently in the pulled position is. This is achieved in that the plunger 31 at a holding position predetermined by the button 27 by the electromagnet 30 acting as an actuator - in that already described above Way - is driven by pivoting the lever 33 in the brake lock position.

Claims

Expectations

1. elevator car with in particular a support frame of a machine room-less, cable-operated elevator system with a compact, combined with a brake traction sheave drive machine integrated in this car and / or its support frame, characterized by the features of the drive machine (7) with a permanent magnet-excited synchronous motor as the drive source equipped, the operating electronics of the drive machine (7) and the control electronics required for the operation of the entire elevator system form a common, interactive functional unit in the form of an electronic central unit (10), the electronic central unit (10) is fixed to the elevator car (1) and / or their support frame (8, 9) connected.

2. Elevator car according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive machine (7) drives via a planetary gear (7).

3. elevator car according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elevator rope (2) on the elevator car (1) in its running direction on both sides of the traction sheave (6) of the drive machine (7) via a deflection pulley (11, 12) located on the elevator car (1) without crossover a wrap angle on the traction sheave (6) of more than 180 °.

4. elevator car according to claim 1 or 2, marked by the features of the drive machine (7) with its traction sheave (6) is arranged on the elevator car (1) or on the support frame (8) extending there in a first side region, in the direction of Traction sheave plane, a deflection roller (12 ^λ ) is provided in a second side region opposite the first side region, the elevator cable (2) loops around the traction sheave (6) by at least 270 °, lies only on the deflection roller (12) from below and runs from the top Area of the traction sheave (6) to the lower area of the deflection roller (12).

5. Elevator car according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic central unit (10) has a common control electronics for the travel of the elevator car (1) and the actuation of the elevator doors, which control electronics can perform these two functions alternatively as required.

6. Elevator car according to one of ^■ the preceding claims, characterized in 'that the electronic central unit (10) is connected via a bus interface with a stationary Power Distribution and switching station.

7. elevator car according to claim 6, characterized in that the electronic central unit (10) for emergency operation can be switched to battery power operation and that for this purpose a battery (19) is provided in the power distribution and switching station (17).

8. Elevator car according to claim (7), characterized in that in addition to the elevator car (1) a battery which also enables emergency operation is wired to the electronic central unit (10).

9. elevator car according to one of the preceding claims, characterized gekennzeichn t that components of the elevator car (1) and / or its support frame (8) torque-supporting housing functions of the drive machine (7) for strength relief of their own housing and elevator car (1) or Support frame (8), drive machine (7) and deflection rollers (11, 12, 12) form a unit.

10. Elevator machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive machine (6) is designed to be switchable to battery-powered emergency operation in a manner known per se by control elements integrated in the electronic central unit (10).

11. Elevator car according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that within the elevator car (1) a device operable by persons located in the car is provided for activating an emergency operation for self-liberation.

12. Elevator car according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means are provided in the elevator car (1) mechanically connected to the brake (7 ^> ) of the drive machine (7), the people in the elevator car (1) for releasing the brake (7 ^{λ λ} ) can operate.

13. elevator car according to claim 12, characterized in that actuation of the brake (7 ^Λ ) opening solvent triggers an automatic locking in the brake open position.

14. Elevator car according to claim 13, characterized in that an actuator (30) which can be switched between normal and emergency operation of the elevator is provided, by means of which activation of the emergency operation during normal operation is excluded.

15. elevator car according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the brake opening position by a located on the elevator car (1), the height of the elevator car (1) recognizing button (27) at predetermined height of the elevator car (1) can be canceled.