EP1299243B1 - Trenngerät für einen druckantrieb - Google Patents

Trenngerät für einen druckantrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1299243B1
EP1299243B1 EP00938320A EP00938320A EP1299243B1 EP 1299243 B1 EP1299243 B1 EP 1299243B1 EP 00938320 A EP00938320 A EP 00938320A EP 00938320 A EP00938320 A EP 00938320A EP 1299243 B1 EP1299243 B1 EP 1299243B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
printhead
mounting block
print
print media
print engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00938320A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1299243A4 (de
EP1299243A1 (de
Inventor
Kia Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd SILVERBROOK
Tobin Allen King
Garry Raymond Jackson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd filed Critical Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/AU2000/000747 external-priority patent/WO2002002344A1/en
Publication of EP1299243A1 publication Critical patent/EP1299243A1/de
Publication of EP1299243A4 publication Critical patent/EP1299243A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1299243B1 publication Critical patent/EP1299243B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/22Safety devices specially adapted for cutting machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/157Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis
    • B26D1/16Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable arm or the like
    • B26D1/165Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable arm or the like for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/157Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis
    • B26D1/18Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable carriage
    • B26D1/185Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a movable axis mounted on a movable carriage for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/20Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter coacting with a fixed member
    • B26D1/205Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter coacting with a fixed member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a print engine.
  • the invention has particular application in a print engine for use in an instantaneous print, digital camera. More particularly, the invention relates to a separating device for the print engine.
  • the print engine of the present invention utilizes a page width printhead for printing an image on print media passing the printhead.
  • page width is meant that the printhead prints one line at a time on the print media without traversing the print media, or rastering, as the print media moves past the printhead.
  • the print media is supplied to the printhead from a roll of the print media. Accordingly, once an image has been printed on the print media it is necessary to separate that piece, containing the image, from the remainder of the roll.
  • the camera with which the print engine is used may have a warning contained thereon warning a user not to pull the print media before the piece, containing the image, has been separated, a problem could arise if this warning were ignored.
  • United States patent no. 5,312,058 describes a cutter mechanism for cutting a web of paper.
  • the cutter mechanism comprises a cutter wheel mounted on a resilient support.
  • the cutter wheel is drawn across the web by means of a piston acting on the resilient support.
  • EP-A-03595767 upon which the preamble of claim 1 is based, describes an apparatus for cutting print media.
  • a cutter-wheel is traversed across the print media by means of a cartridge.
  • the cutter wheel is mounted on a bracket which is pivotally biased by a spring so that the cutter-wheel is urged against a fixed blade to provide a scissor-like action.
  • a print engine comprising a printhead assembly having a printhead and a separating device for separating a piece of print media from a supply of print media after printing of an image by the printhead, the separating device including:
  • the printhead may be a page width printhead and the cutter wheel may be displaceable in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the printhead.
  • the mounting block may be of machined metal, or a synthetic plastics material and said opposed end of the arm may be attached to the mounting block by heat stakes which are melted to retain the opposed end of the arm in position.
  • the mounting block may traverse a width of the print media.
  • the worm gear is mounted in a chassis of the print engine, said chassis inhibiting rotation of the mounting block relative to the worm gear.
  • the arm may be of spring steel.
  • reference numeral 500 generally designates a print engine, in accordance with the invention.
  • the print engine 500 includes a print engine assembly 502 on which a print roll cartridge 504 is removably mountable.
  • the print cartridge 504 is described in greater detail in our co-pending applications entitled “A Print Cartridge” (docket number CA02) and “An Ink Cartridge” (docket number CA04) filed simultaneously herewith as PCT/AU00/00741 and PCT/AU00/00742 respectively, the contents of that disclosure being specifically incorporated herein by reference.
  • the print engine assembly 502 comprises a first sub-assembly 506 and a second, printhead sub-assembly 508.
  • the sub-assembly 506 includes a chassis 510.
  • the chassis 510 comprises a first molding 512 in which ink supply channels 514 are molded.
  • the ink supply channels 514 supply inks from the print cartridge 504 to a printhead 516 ( Figures 5 to 7 ) of the printhead sub-assembly 508.
  • the printhead 516 prints in four colors or three colors plus ink which is visible in the infrared light spectrum only (hereinafter referred to as 'infrared ink').
  • four ink supply channels 514 are defined in the molding 512 together with an air supply channel 518.
  • the air supply channel 518 supplies air to the printhead 516 to inhibit the build up of foreign particles on a nozzle guard of the printhead 516.
  • the chassis 510 further includes a cover molding 520.
  • the cover molding 520 supports a pump 522 thereon.
  • the pump 522 is a suction pump, which draws air through an air filter in the print cartridge 504 via an air inlet pin 524 and an air inlet opening 526. Air is expelled through an outlet opening 528 into the air supply channel 518 of the chassis 510.
  • the chassis 510 further supports a first drive motor in the form of a stepper motor 530.
  • the stepper motor 530 drives the pump 522 via a first gear train 532.
  • the stepper motor 530 is also connected to a drive roller 534 ( Figure 5 ) of a roller assembly 536 of the print cartridge 504 via a second gear train 538.
  • the gear train 538 engages an engagable element 540 ( Figure 2 ) carried at an end of the drive roller 534.
  • the stepper motor 530 thus controls the feed of print media 542 to the printhead 516 of the sub-assembly 508 to enable an image to be printed on the print media 542 as it passes beneath the printhead 516.
  • the pump 522 is only operational to blow air over the printhead 516 when printing takes place on the print media 542.
  • the molding 512 of the chassis 510 also supports a plurality of ink supply conduits in the form of pins 544 which are in communication with the ink supply channels 514.
  • the ink supply pins 544 are received through an elastomeric collar assembly 546 of the print cartridge 504 for drawing ink from ink chambers or reservoirs 548 ( Figure 5 ) in the print cartridge 504 to be supplied to the printhead 516.
  • a second motor 550 which is a DC motor, is supported on the cover molding 520 of the chassis 510 via clips 552.
  • the motor 550 is provided to drive a separating means in the form of a cutter arm assembly 554 to part a piece of the print media 542, after an image has been printed thereon, from a remainder of the print media.
  • the motor 550 carries a beveled gear 556 on an output shaft thereof.
  • the beveled gear 556 meshes with a beveled gear 558 carried on a worm gear 560 of the cutter assembly 554.
  • the worm gear 560 is rotatably supported via bearings 562 in a chassis base plate 564 of the printhead sub-assembly 508.
  • the cutter assembly 554 includes a cutter wheel 566, which is supported on a resiliently flexible arm 568 on a mounting block 570.
  • the worm gear 560 passes through the mounting block 570 such that, when the worm gear 560 is rotated, the mounting block 570 and the cutter wheel 566 traverse the chassis base plate 564.
  • the mounting block 570 bears against a lip 572 of the base plate 564 to inhibit rotation of the mounting block 570 relative to the worm gear 560.
  • the cutter wheel 566 bears against an upper housing or cap portion 574 of the printhead sub-assembly 508.
  • This cap portion 574 is a metal portion. Hence, as the cutter wheel 566 traverses the capped portion 574, a scissors-like cutting action is imparted to the print media to separate that part of the print media 542 on which the image has been printed.
  • the sub-assembly 506 includes an ejector mechanism 576.
  • the ejector mechanism 576 is carried on the chassis 510 and has a collar 578 having clips 580, which clip and affix the ejector mechanism 576 to the chassis 510.
  • the collar 578 supports an insert 582 of an elastomeric material therein.
  • the elastomeric insert 582 defines a plurality of openings 584.
  • the openings 584 close off inlet openings of the pins 544 to inhibit the ingress of foreign particles into the pins 544 and, in so doing, into the channels 514 and the printhead 516.
  • the insert 584 defines a land or platform 586 which closes off an inlet opening of the air inlet pin 524 for the same purposes.
  • a coil spring 588 is arranged between the chassis 510 and the collar 578 to urge the collar 578 to a spaced position relative to the chassis 510 when the cartridge 504 is removed from the print engine 500, as shown in greater detail in Figure 3 of the drawings.
  • the ejector mechanism 576 is shown in its retracted position in Figure 4 of the drawings.
  • the printhead sub-assembly 508 includes, as described above, the base plate 564.
  • a capping mechanism 590 is supported displaceably on the base plate 564 to be displaceable towards and away from the printhead 516.
  • the capping mechanism 590 includes an elongate rib 592 arranged on a carrier 593.
  • the carrier is supported by a displacement mechanism 594, which displaces the rib 592 into abutment with the printhead 516 when the printhead 516 is inoperative. Conversely, when the printhead 516 is operational, the displacement mechanism 594 is operable to retract the rib 592 out of abutment with the printhead 516.
  • the printhead sub-assembly 508 includes a printhead support molding 596 on which the printhead 516 is mounted.
  • the molding 596 together with an insert 599 arranged in the molding 596, define a passage 598 through which the print media 542 passes when an image is to be printed thereon.
  • a groove 700 is defined in the molding 596 through which the capping mechanism 590 projects when the capping mechanism 590 is in its capping position.
  • An ink feed arrangement 702 is supported by the insert 599 beneath the cap portion 574.
  • the ink feed arrangement 702 comprises a spine portion 704 and a casing 706 mounted on the spine portion 704.
  • the spine portion 704 and the casing 706, between them, define ink feed galleries 708 which are in communication with the ink supply channels 514 in the chassis 510 for feeding ink via passages 710 ( Figure 7 ) to the printhead 516.
  • An air supply channel 711 ( Figure 8 ) is defined in the spine portion 704, alongside the printhead 516.
  • TAB film 712 which is held captive between the insert 599 and the ink feed arrangement 702.
  • the molding 596 includes an angled wing portion 714.
  • a flexible printed circuit board (PCB) 716 is supported on and secured to the wing portion 714.
  • the flex PCB 716 makes electrical contact with the TAB film 712 by being urged into engagement with the TAB film 712 via a rib 718 of the insert 599.
  • the flex PCB 716 supports busbars 720 thereon.
  • the busbars 720 provide power to the printhead 516 and to the other powered components of the print engine 500.
  • a camera print engine control chip 721 is supported on the flex PCB 716 together with a QA chip (not shown) which authenticates that the cartridge 504 is compatible and compliant with the print engine 500.
  • the PCB 716 includes contacts 723 which engage contacts 725 in the print cartridge 504.
  • the printhead itself includes a nozzle guard 722 arranged on a silicon wafer 724.
  • the ink is supplied to a nozzle array (not shown) of the printhead 516 via an ink supply member 726.
  • the ink supply member 726 communicates with outlets of the passages 710 of the ink feed arrangement 702 for feeding ink to the array of nozzles of the printhead 516, on demand.
  • the cutter assembly 544 includes the cutter wheel 566 which bears against the cap portion 574 of the printhead sub-assembly 508.
  • the arm 568 by which the cutter wheel 566 is mounted to the mounting block is of spring steel.
  • the cutter assembly 544 is displaced to traverse the print media to cut that piece of the print media, containing the image, from the remainder of the print media 542. If a user of the camera in which the print engine 500 is installed should attempt to pull that piece of the print media containing the image from the remainder of the print media prior to complete separation, damage could be caused to the components of the camera and, more particularly, the cutter assembly 554. In other words, should an undue force be exerted in the direction of arrow 728 ( Figure 10 ) this could cause damage to the cutter assembly 554 and neighboring components.
  • the cutter wheel 566 can bend in the direction of the arrow 728, out of the path of the print media. The camera will then reset itself in readiness for the next print operation. If necessary, the image printed on that piece of the print media, which was prematurely pulled by the user, could be reprinted. The displacement of the cutter wheel 566 is monitored by the chip 721.
  • the size of the print engine assembly 502 is such that most of the components of the assembly 502 are received within a footprint of an end of the print cartridge 504.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Handling Of Sheets (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Druckantrieb (502), umfassend eine Druckkopfanordnung (508) mit einem Druckkopf (516) und einem Trenngerät (554) zum Abtrennen von einem Stück eines Druckmediums (542) aus einem Vorrat an Druckmedium nach dem Drucken eines Bildes durch den Druckkopf, wobei das Trenngerät gekennzeichnet ist durch:
    eine Gestellgrundplatte (564) mit einem Rand (572);
    ein Schneiderad (566), das nahe einem ersten Ende eines elastisch flexiblen Armes (568) drehbar gelagert ist;
    einen Montageblock (570) zum Tragen des Schneiderads (566), wobei ein gegenüberliegendes Ende des Armes (568) an dem Montageblock befestigt ist; und
    ein Schneckengetriebe (560) zum Hinüberbewegen des Montageblocks (570) quer über die Grundplatte (564) und das Druckmedium, wobei das Schneckengetriebe durch den Montageblock (570) derart hindurchgeht, dass bei Rotation des Schneckengetriebes der Montageblock die Grundplatte überquert, wobei der Montageblock eine Oberfläche aufweist, die gegen den Rand (572) der Grundplatte (564) drückt, um die Rotation des Montageblocks in Bezug auf das Schneckengetriebe (560) zu hemmen,
    wobei das Schneiderad (566) gegen eine Auflagefläche (574) drückt, wenn der Montageblock die Grundplatte derart überquert, dass eine scherenartige Schneidewirkung auf das Druckmedium ausgeübt wird.
  2. Druckantrieb nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Auflagefläche eine Oberfläche eines Gehäuses (574) für die Druckkopfanordnung (508) ist.
  3. Druckantrieb nach Anspruch 2, in welchem der Druckkopf (516) ein Seitenbreitendruckkopf ist und in welchem das Schneiderad (566) in einer Richtung parallel zur Längsachse des Druckkopfs hinüberbewegbar ist.
  4. Druckantrieb nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Arm (568) aus Federstahl besteht.
EP00938320A 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Trenngerät für einen druckantrieb Expired - Lifetime EP1299243B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/AU2000/000747 WO2002002344A1 (en) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 A separating device for a print engine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1299243A1 EP1299243A1 (de) 2003-04-09
EP1299243A4 EP1299243A4 (de) 2005-11-02
EP1299243B1 true EP1299243B1 (de) 2009-02-18

Family

ID=3700828

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00938320A Expired - Lifetime EP1299243B1 (de) 2000-06-30 2000-06-30 Trenngerät für einen druckantrieb

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1299243B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4546698B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1191172C (de)
AT (1) ATE423012T1 (de)
AU (2) AU2000253737B2 (de)
DE (1) DE60041604D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200210187B (de)

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3500719C2 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-11-06 M.A.N.- Roland Druckmaschinen AG, 6050 Offenbach Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung von Druckwerksschäden in einer Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine
JP2796720B2 (ja) * 1988-09-16 1998-09-10 エヌシーアール インターナショナル インコーポレイテッド 記録紙切断装置
JPH02220869A (ja) * 1989-02-23 1990-09-04 Canon Inc 記録装置
JPH03277573A (ja) * 1990-03-28 1991-12-09 Toshiba Corp プリンタ装置
DE4034997C2 (de) * 1990-11-03 1993-10-14 Jagenberg Ag Vorrichtung zum Durchtrennen einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn
DE69222994T2 (de) * 1991-07-31 1998-04-02 Canon Kk Getriebe für Aufzeichnungsgeräte
US5485187A (en) * 1991-10-02 1996-01-16 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Ink-jet recording apparatus having improved recovery device
US5519420A (en) * 1992-12-21 1996-05-21 Ncr Corporation Air system to protect ink jet head
JPH09109380A (ja) * 1995-10-20 1997-04-28 Brother Ind Ltd インクジェットプリンタ
JP3754737B2 (ja) * 1996-01-10 2006-03-15 キヤノン株式会社 インクジェット記録装置
JP3644152B2 (ja) * 1996-09-26 2005-04-27 ブラザー工業株式会社 テープ印字装置
JP3904316B2 (ja) * 1998-01-30 2007-04-11 キヤノンファインテック株式会社 切断装置
US6113293A (en) * 1998-05-28 2000-09-05 Brady Worldwide, Inc. Label printer having lever actuated cutter
JP3587288B2 (ja) * 1998-05-28 2004-11-10 ローランドディー.ジー.株式会社 カッティング機能付き装置におけるカッター昇降機構

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1299243A4 (de) 2005-11-02
ATE423012T1 (de) 2009-03-15
DE60041604D1 (de) 2009-04-02
AU2000253737A1 (en) 2002-04-11
EP1299243A1 (de) 2003-04-09
AU2004203192A1 (en) 2004-08-12
JP4546698B2 (ja) 2010-09-15
AU2000253737B2 (en) 2004-04-29
AU2004203192B2 (en) 2005-10-06
JP2004501044A (ja) 2004-01-15
CN1191172C (zh) 2005-03-02
CN1454160A (zh) 2003-11-05
ZA200210187B (en) 2003-08-27

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