EP1298232A1 - Reparaturverfahren für strukturierte und/oder glatte Stahloberflächen auf Endlosbändern oder Pressblechen - Google Patents
Reparaturverfahren für strukturierte und/oder glatte Stahloberflächen auf Endlosbändern oder Pressblechen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1298232A1 EP1298232A1 EP02021199A EP02021199A EP1298232A1 EP 1298232 A1 EP1298232 A1 EP 1298232A1 EP 02021199 A EP02021199 A EP 02021199A EP 02021199 A EP02021199 A EP 02021199A EP 1298232 A1 EP1298232 A1 EP 1298232A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- steel
- solution
- iron
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 27
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001844 chromium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/20—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
- C25D5/022—Electroplating of selected surface areas using masking means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
- C25D7/0671—Selective plating
- C25D7/0678—Selective plating using masks
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for reworking and / or repairing minor surface damage in a large format press plate or a Endless belt made of sheet steel with a structured surface for surface embossing of wood-based panels or laminate panels, the defective Surface is subjected to a micro-galvanic treatment.
- the finished press plates are installed in a press device, with which the plastic-coated furniture panels or the like are manufactured.
- continuous endless belts are used, for example, which enable continuous production, the pressed material being pressed into plates between the endless belts and the surface being structured.
- the endless belts or press plates have the surface structure already mentioned, which is embossed into the press laminate. Existing surface damage is also stamped into the material to be pressed, if any, so that the possibly partially damaged panels cannot be used to their full extent for further production. For this reason, it is particularly important that the press plates or endless belts used have absolutely flawless surfaces in order to keep the resulting waste as small as possible.
- the process is used for large-format press plates or endless belts applied to rework this surface damage or damage, so that the relatively expensive press plates or endless belts continue can be used.
- surface damage can already occur arise when structuring the press plates or endless belts or when working later.
- the press plates or Continuous belts, if necessary, for reworking in the manufacturing plant returned.
- These are preferably press plates or endless belts made of sheet steel or sheet brass that are immediately on have a structured surface.
- the surface structuring is selected from a large number of Patterns selected.
- a touch-up during the manufacture of the press plate or endless belts is either not possible at all or very time consuming and therefore corresponding expensive. Is it damage in the not yet coated Steel sheets, if necessary, can be repaired by single or multiple etching, but there are repair costs which are approximately the same or higher than the procurement costs of newer ones Press plates or endless belts. Existing damage extends into the Hard chrome layer or possibly into the steel layer, can be touch them up by putting the chrome layer and the steel layer over the entire surface is stripped and then the last surface is newly coated with copper or brass and chrome-plated, but this is Measure also very complex and expensive.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new method for post-processing and / or To show repair of surface damage, in which one Repairing the damaged areas with a longer service life is possible.
- a Iron-containing electrolyte solution containing metal ions is used by which is an accumulation of iron, nickel and / or chromium metal ions takes place, the mixing ratio contained in the electrolyte solution Metal ions on the base material of the press plate or the endless belt is coordinated.
- Iron-containing electrolyte solutions have the advantage, for example, that there are no color deviations from the non-damaged areas and that conventional chrome-plating processes can be used without the damaged area being washed out in subsequent chrome-plating processes and thus becoming visible again.
- the layer structure provided for filling up the damaged area with iron-containing electrolyte solutions furthermore results in increased resistance and thus a significantly longer service life of the press plate or the endless belt.
- An accumulation of iron, nickel and / or chromium metal ions is brought about by the electrolyte or the electrolyte solution, so that the existing damage is compensated for by an accumulation of a mixture of iron, nickel and chromium, and the process is therefore preferred Treatment of steel press plates or endless belts can be used.
- the mixing ratio of the metal ions present in the electrolyte solution is matched to the base material of the press plate or the endless belt.
- divalent and trivalent metal ions Fe 2 , Fe 3 in a ratio of 2: 1 are used for the electrolyte solution.
- the method according to the invention is therefore preferably suitable for filling Damage to directly structured steel press plates or steel endless belts, being according to the further processing operations different electrolytes under different boundary conditions can be used so that, for example, different degrees of hardness of the Fill layer or protective layer can be reached.
- the procedure can also For example, be used where there is already a copper filling is done, for this purpose a nickel layer is applied beforehand, which then with one of iron, chromium and / or nickel ions provided existing coating and subjected to a hard chrome plating becomes.
- the optimal process for metal fillings in directly structured strips has to deposit a medium-hard and above all chrome-plated layer, which can still be mechanically reworked (hand structuring).
- protective repairs for directly structured tapes must be carried out thin, soft and chromeable layer can be deposited, if necessary is still mechanically editable.
- For finishing repairs on reprocessing belts a thin and hard layer has to be deposited during protective repairs before standard chrome plating a thin and soft layer must also be deposited, which can still be machined.
- a fixed electrode for example a tamponate electrode, is used to deposit iron, nickel, chromium compounds up to a damage area of up to 30 mm 2 .
- the repair process is carried out after the end of the surface structuring, which means that an etching has been carried out and, if necessary, mechanical polishing of the press plate or of the endless belt.
- the damaged surface can be pretreated, for example, by mechanical cleaning and cleaning with methanol, then a modified cleaning electrolyte is used for degreasing with the aid of the micro-galvanizing device.
- a modified electrolyte is then used to further pretreat the damaged surface, which is used to activate steel or chrome surfaces.
- Potassium and sodium hydroxide in a mixing ratio of 1: 1 are used for degreasing and a solution containing hydrogen bifluride is used for activation.
- a nickel electrolyte is then preferably used in order to carry out a nickel coating so that further work-up with a steel electrolyte can take place and later does not lead to washing out in the case of hard chrome plating.
- the electrolytes used can be selected. If a post-structuring is required, a soft chrome electrolyte can be used, for example, which is subjected to a subsequent post-treatment after the structuring has taken place.
- the modified hard chrome electrolyte contains sulfate-metanesulfonic acid and a proportion of 290 ⁇ 5 g / liter chromic acid with 1.0 ⁇ 0.1% sulfuric acid concentrate and the modified Steel electrolyte contains ammonium fomiate and, for example, an 82% Iron solution, 13% chromium solution and a 5% nickel solution.
- the modified hard chrome electrolyte is an expanded one Electrolyte consisting of chromic and sulfuric acid, the mixing ratio was changed and for example 290 ⁇ 5 g / liter chromic acid and a sulfuric acid concentrate of 1.2 ⁇ 0.1% is present.
- This composition is similar to that of a bright chrome electrolyte and can be shared with others Current densities are used.
- HRC soft or hard steel-like filling or protective layer made the composition on which the base material is based of iron, chromium and nickel. After the done Filling the surface is partially restructured by hand in order to then for example hard chrome plating, the press plate or the endless belt hard chrome-plated after restructuring and is polished.
- a steel electrolyte can be used, for example, at a temperature of 47 to 50 ° C with a current density of 6 mA / mm 2 .
- the steel electrolyte consists, for example, of 50 ml of iron solution, 5 ml of chromium solution and 2.5 ml of nickel solution.
- a sulfate-containing soft chrome electrolyte can be used at a temperature of 58 to 60 ° C and a current density of 0.3 mA / mm 2 .
- a hard chromium electrolyte containing sulfate-sulfonic acid can also be used at a temperature of 70 to 73 ° C. with a current density of 4 mA / mm 2 , while an electrolyte used to fill up the damaged surface, for example, with a current density between 1.5 and 4 mA / mm 2 is used at a temperature of 47 to 50 ° C.
- the invention allows Process a very simple and inexpensive partial aftertreatment or Repair of minor surface damage in the press plates and Endless belts that come with a due to the electrolytes used Accumulation of iron, nickel and chromium leads to the advantages mentioned and also repeated hard chrome plating according to known processes, For example, the Brunner process allows you without the filled Materials are washed out.
- a micro-electroplating device is also used to apply the method proposed, covering any damaged surface through a mask is framed so that the electrolyte solution used the damaged area completely wetted, leaving a fixed electrode in the electrolytic solution immersed and a reversible rectifier is used, the one hand via an electrode and on the other hand with a connecting terminal to the Steel sheet is connected.
- the mask protects the undamaged Edge zones of the damaged areas in front of the galvanic solutions and limits the defective area to be filled.
- the mask takes the one used A sufficient amount of electrolytes, for example by a multi-layer structure of the mask is guaranteed.
- the electrolytic treatment the deposition process is limited in time and after the end of the Procedure the remaining electrolyte is removed and the formerly damaged area treated by rinsing so that the press plates or endless belts of can be further processed.
- This can, for example, in restructuring or hard chrome plating.
- the mask consists of a lower adhesive layer that is applied directly the press plate or the endless belt is glued and one on the Multi-layer mask structure applied to the adhesive layer so that the electrolyte in sufficient amount can be absorbed.
- the prerequisite for this is that the material of the mask is temperature resistant because the used ones Electrolytes can be used at a temperature of 47 to 73 ° C.
- the Electrode consists of a plate-shaped tamponate electrode, which is fixed immersed in the electrolyte, the anode surface to the cathode surface Ratio should be 1: 0.9.
- the real micro-galvanic treatment the damaged areas depend on the current strength and is limited in time, the duration of treatment not dependent on the amount of electrolyte is determined, but the electrolyte is available in sufficient quantity stands or is refilled if necessary.
- micro plates can be repaired using the micro-galvanic repair process and endless belts in an advantageous manner in their production in all processing states touch up or it can be used if necessary damaged press plates and endless belts undergo post-treatment become.
- a restructuring is always carried out according to the existing surface structuring, so that for a viewer the Damaged areas are no longer recognizable after the treatment and in particular no color deviation due to the use of adapted electrolytes before and after the chrome plating is visible.
- a press plate or an endless belt with a directly structured and mechanically polished steel surface layer with a defect depth> 25 ⁇ due to etching defects, mechanical damage or material defects is to be touched up.
- the damaged area is first mechanically cleaned and deoxidized and cleaned with methanol and then a multi-layer mask is glued around the flaw, which frames the damaged area, the overlap should not be more than 0.5 mm around.
- the mask is then filled with a cleaning electrolyte and a micro-electroplating device is attached, a fixed tamponate electrode being immersed in the cleaning electrolyte and being connected cathodically.
- the micro-electroplating device With a current density of about 4 mA / mm 2 at a voltage of 10 volts, the micro-electroplating device is used for degreasing at room temperature for about 60 seconds. The remaining electrolyte is then removed and the damaged area is rinsed.
- the damaged area is activated with a further electrolyte, the activation electrolyte, for example an activation solution containing hydrogen bifluoride, being filled into the existing mask.
- the activation electrolyte for example an activation solution containing hydrogen bifluoride
- the activation takes place cathodically with a current density of 4 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 8 volts for a period of 60 seconds at room temperature and then in the de-energized state for a period of 180 seconds at room temperature.
- nickel plating takes place, the tamponate electrode used being connected cathodically with a current density of 4 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 8 volts for a period of 45 seconds at room temperature. A layer thickness of approx. 0.4 ⁇ is deposited here.
- the nickel electrolyte is removed without further rinsing.
- the defect is filled up after attaching a new mask with a steel-like electrolyte and a tamponate electrode at a distance of min. 3 mm to the metal surface, with cathodic polarization taking place and with a current density of 4 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 10 volts the current is slowly regulated up over a period of 8 minutes.
- the filling takes place at an electrolyte temperature of 48 - 50 ° and causes a deposited layer thickness of approx. 25 ⁇ .
- the damaged area is then rinsed and a mechanical check is carried out to determine whether the metal filling is sufficient for a hand structuring to be applied. If the layer thickness is not yet sufficient, the last process steps must be repeated again until a sufficient layer thickness is available.
- the electrolyte is dabbed off, the mask is removed and the filled-up damaged area is washed thoroughly. This is followed by hand structuring and mechanical polishing.
- the repaired press plate or endless belt is then hard chrome-plated in the usual way over the entire surface, for example using the Brunner chrome-plating process.
- the new repair process is based on the deposition of a 20 - 30 ⁇ thick and approx. 47 HRC soft steel-like filling layer, which is anodized Polarization in the chrome bath using the Brunner chromium plating process similar to that Steel strip behaves and the optical in the subsequent chrome metalization result in matching surfaces.
- the chemical composition of the steel electrolyte was so determined that the metal was deposited an alloy composition similar to the steel strip in Form of iron, chrome and nickel.
- the aforementioned repair process becomes after the structuring, i.e. an etching and mechanical Polish, carried out, whereby the hardness of the steel filler layer does not affect can be. If electrolytic chrome plating is required later the filling layer is not attacked, so that the press plate used or the endless belt can be chrome-plated several times.
- the damaged area is first cleaned with methanol and then a multi-layer mask according to Example 1 is glued on. Then the mask with. filled a cleaning electrolyte and attached a micro-electroplating device, wherein a fixed tamponate electrode immersed in the cleaning electrolyte, which is connected cathodically.
- the micro-electroplating device With a current density of about 4 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 10 volts, the micro-electroplating device is used for degreasing at room temperature for about 60 seconds. The remaining electrolyte is then removed and the damaged area is rinsed.
- Example 1 After rinsing, the damaged area is covered with another electrolyte Example 1 enabled. After a rinse, there is also an under-nickel a nickel electrolyte according to Example 1 instead.
- the defect is reworked after attaching a new mask and a tamponate electrode at a distance of min. 3 mm to the metal surface, with cathodic polarization taking place and with a current density of 6 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 10 volts the current is slowly regulated up over a period of 10 seconds.
- Post-processing takes place at an electrolyte temperature of 48 - 50 ° and results in a deposited layer thickness of approx. 2.5 - 2.8 ⁇ .
- the damaged area is then rinsed and the steel tamponade is carefully polished with polishing paste. This is followed by mechanical polishing.
- the repaired press plate or endless belt is then hard chrome-plated in the usual way over the entire surface, for example using the Brunner chrome-plating process.
- the repair process is based on the deposition of a 2.5 - 2.8 ⁇ thick and approx. 47 HRC soft steel-like protective layer, which is anodized Polarization in the chrome bath using the Brunner chromium plating process similar to that Steel strip behaves and the optical in the subsequent chrome metalization result in matching surfaces.
- the chemical composition of the steel electrolyte was so determined that the metal was deposited an alloy composition similar to the steel strip in Form of iron, chrome and nickel.
- the aforementioned repair process becomes after the structuring, i.e. an etching and mechanical Polish, carried out, with copper substituted by steel as filler can be. If electrolytic chrome plating is required later the filling layer is not attacked, so that the press plate used or the endless belt can be chrome-plated several times.
- cases a and b are sub-nickelized with a Nickel electrolytes according to Example 1 instead.
- the Nickel electrolyte removed without further rinsing.
- the defect is reworked after attaching a new mask and a tamponate electrode at a distance of min. 3 mm to the metal surface, with a cathodic polarization taking place and with a current density of 3 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 10 volts the current is slowly regulated up over a period of 80 seconds.
- the post-processing takes place at an electrolyte temperature of 70 - 73 ° and results in a deposited layer thickness of approx. 2.7 ⁇ .
- the damaged area is then rinsed and the separated chrome is pre-polished by hand.
- a modified chromium electrolyte is used which contains sulfate and methanesulfonic acid.
- the repaired press plate or endless belt is then polished to a final shine.
- the new repair process is based on the deposition of a 3 ⁇ thin and 60 HRC hard chrome layer.
- the deposited chrome (finish) can do so be polished up so that a uniform chrome-colored repair point is created.
- the imperfections repaired using the new method have one clearly longer lifespan than refurbished tapes repaired with cobalt finish.
- a press plate or an endless belt with a directly structured and mechanically polished surface layer is to be touched up, using chromed, possibly copper-coated steel strip as the substrate. Structuring takes place directly in the steel or in the copper plating, whereby there are etching defects, mechanical damage or material defects.
- the damaged area is first cleaned with methanol and then a multi-layer mask according to Example 1 is glued on. The mask is then filled with a cleaning electrolyte and a micro-electroplating device is attached, a fixed tamponate electrode being immersed in the cleaning electrolyte and being connected cathodically. With a current density of about 4 mA / mm 2 , the micro-electroplating device is used at room temperature for about 60 seconds. The remaining electrolyte is then removed and the damaged area is rinsed.
- the damaged area is activated with a further electrolyte, the activation electrolyte, for example an activation solution containing hydrogen bifluoride, being filled into the existing mask.
- the activation electrolyte for example an activation solution containing hydrogen bifluoride
- the activation takes place cathodically with a current density of 4 mA / mm 2 and a voltage of 10 volts for a period of 60 seconds at room temperature and then in the de-energized state for a period of 180 seconds at room temperature.
- nickel plating according to Example 1 takes place. A layer thickness of approx. 0.5 ⁇ is deposited here. After the nickel plating has ended, the nickel electrolyte is removed without further rinsing.
- the defect is reworked after attaching a new mask and a tamponate electrode at a distance of min. 3 mm to the metal surface, cathodic polarization taking place and at a current density of 0.45 mA / mm 2 at a voltage of 8 volts, the current flows over a period of 180 seconds.
- Post-processing takes place at an electrolyte temperature of 58 - 60 ° and results in a deposited layer thickness of approx. 1.7 ⁇ .
- the damaged area is then rinsed and the post-transition between the repair site and the steel layer is mechanically reworked.
- the repaired press plate or endless belt is then hard chrome-plated in the usual way over the entire surface, for example using the Brunner chrome-plating process.
- the new repair process is based on the deposition of an approximately 2 ⁇ thin and approx. 50 HRC soft steel-like protective layer using a sulfate-containing electrolytes.
- micro electroplating device used is described below with reference to FIG single figure explained in more detail.
- Figure 1 shows a micro electroplating device 1, which is to be repaired a damaged area 2 on the surface of a press plate or an endless belt 3 is caused by mechanical damage.
- the surface 4 the press plate or the endless belt 3 has a structure 5 which follows
- a mask 6 is first applied immediately glued to the structure 5 and a second mask 7, for example made of twelve layers of tape are put on.
- the mask 6 and 7 are here arranged around the damaged area 2 in so far that only a small one There is an overlap of approx. 0.5 mm. Because of the used It is electrolytes with an application temperature of up to 73 ° required that the masks 6, 7 are temperature resistant.
- Masks 6, 7 extend around the damaged area 2 and serve further for Recording of the electrolyte 8 used, in which a plate-shaped Tamponate electrode 9 is immersed.
- the tamponate electrode 9 and the press plate or the endless belt 3 are either used to apply the method switched cathodically or anodically.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1.
- Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung
- 2.
- Schadstelle
- 3.
- Endlosband
- 4.
- Oberfläche
- 5.
- Struktur
- 6.
- Maske
- 7.
- Maske
- 8.
- Elektrolyten
- 9.
- Tamponatelektrode
Claims (23)
- Verfahren zur Nach- und/oder Ausbesserung von kleineren Oberflächenschäden in einer großformatigen Pressplatte oder einem Endlosband aus Stahlblech mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche zur Oberflächenprägung von Holzwerkstoffen- oder Laminatplatten, wobei die schadhafte Oberfläche einer microgalvanischen Behandlung unterzogen wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Metallionen enthaltene, eisenhaltige Elektrolytlösung verwendet wird, durch welche eine Anlagerung von Eisen-, Nickel- und/oder Chrom-Metallionen erfolgt, wobei das Mischungsverhältnis der in der Elektrolytlösung enthaltenen Metallionen auf das Basismaterial der Pressplatte oder das Endlosband abgestimmt ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die verwendete Elektrolytlösung zwei- und dreiwertige Metallionen Fe2, Fe3 im Verhältnis 2:1 enthält. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Schadensfläche von maximal 30 mm2 mit einer feststehenden Elektrode, beispielsweise einer Tamponatelektrode, behandelt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Reparaturverfahren nach dem Ende der Strukturierung, das heißt einer Ätzung und gegebenenfalls einem mechanischen Polieren, durchgeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Vorbehandlung der schadhaften Oberfläche eine mechanische Säuberung und eine Reinigung mit Methanol erfolgt. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Vorbehandlung der schadhaften Oberfläche ein modifizierter Reinigungselektrolyt zur Entfettung oder zur Aktivierung von Stahl- oder Chromoberflächen eingesetzt wird, welcher zur Entfettung aus Kali- und Natronlauge im Mischungsverhältnis 1:1 und zur Aktivierung aus einer hydrogenbifluridhaltigen Lösung besteht. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die schadhafte Oberfläche vor der weiteren Bearbeitung vernickelt wird. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur weiteren Behandlung der schadhaften Oberfläche im Falle einer Nachstrukturierung ein Weichchromelektrolyt eingesetzt wird. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur weiteren Behandlung der schadhaften Oberfläche ohne Nachstrukturierung ein modifizierter Hartchrom- oder Stahlelektrolyt verwendet wird, wobei der modifizierte Hartchromelektrolyt sulfat-metansulfonsäurehaltig ist und ein Anteil von 290 ± 5 g/Liter Chromsäure mit 1,0 ± 0,1% Schwefelsäurekonzentrat aufweist und der modifizierte Stahlelektrolyt ammoniumfomiathaltig ist und aus beispielsweise einer 82%igen Eisenlösung, 13%igen Chromlösung und einer 5%igen Nickellösung besteht. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Abscheidung einer ca. 20-30 µ dicken und ca. 47 bis 60 HRC weichen bzw. harten stahlähnlichen Füllschicht erfolgt, die eine dem Basismaterial zugrundeliegende Zusammensetzung von Eisen, Chrom und Nickel aufweist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberfläche der schadhaften Stellen nach der Auffüllung partiell nachstrukturiert werden. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pressplatte bzw. das Endlosband nach dem Nachstrukturieren ganzflächig hart verchromt wird. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 12
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterschiedliche Elektrolyten einzeln oder in Kombination nacheinander zur Behandlung der schadhaften Oberfläche eingesetzt werden. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Stahlelektrolyt bei einer Temperatur von 47° bis 50° mit einer Stromdichte von 6 mA pro mm2 verwendet wird, wobei der Stahlelektrolyt beispielsweise aus 50 ml Eisenlösung, 5 ml Chromlösung und 2,5 ml Nickellösung besteht. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein sulfathaltiger Weichchromelektrolyt bei einer Temperatur von 58° bis 60° und einer Stromdichte von 0,3 mA pro mm2 verwendet wird. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 15,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein sulfat-sulfonsäurehaltiger Hartchromelektrolyt bei einer Temperatur von 70° bis 73° mit einer Stromdichte von 4 mA pro mm2 verwendet wird. - Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein zur Auffüllung der schadhaften Oberfläche verwendeter Elektrolyt mit einer Stromdichte zwischen 1,5 bis 4 mA pro mm2 bei einer Temperatur von 47° bis 50° verwendet wird. - Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 17,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede schadhafte Oberfläche durch eine Maske eingerahmt wird, sodass die verwendete Elektrolytlösung die Schadstelle vollständig benetzt, wobei eine feststehende Elektrode in die Elektrolytlösung eintaucht und wobei ein umpolbarer Gleichrichter verwendet wird, der einerseits über eine Elektrode und andererseits mit einer Anschlussklemme mit dem Stahlblech verbunden ist. - Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maske den verwendeten Elektrolyten in ausreichender Menge aufnimmt und einen mehrlagigen Aufbau aufweist. - Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maske aus einer unteren Klebeschicht besteht, die unmittelbar auf die Pressplatte bzw. das Endlosband befestigt ist und dass auf die Klebeschicht eine mehrlagige Maskenstruktur aufgesetzt ist. - Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material der Maske temperaturbeständig ist. - Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode aus einer Tamponatelektrode besteht, die feststehend in den Elektrolyten eintaucht, wobei die tellerförmigen Anodenfläche zur Kathodenfläche ein Verhältnis 1:0,9 aufweist. - Microgalvanisierungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die microgalvanische Behandlung in Abhängigkeit von der Stromstärke zeitlich befristet ist, wobei die Dauer der Behandlung nicht von der Elektrolytmenge abhängig ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10148045 | 2001-09-28 | ||
| DE10148045A DE10148045B4 (de) | 2001-09-28 | 2001-09-28 | Reparaturverfahren für strukturierte und/oder glatte Stahloberflächen auf Endlosbändern oder Pressblechen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1298232A1 true EP1298232A1 (de) | 2003-04-02 |
| EP1298232B1 EP1298232B1 (de) | 2005-12-07 |
Family
ID=7700743
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02021199A Expired - Lifetime EP1298232B1 (de) | 2001-09-28 | 2002-09-25 | Reparaturverfahren für strukturierte und/oder glatte Stahloberflächen auf Endlosbändern oder Pressblechen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6887366B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1298232B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE312213T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10148045B4 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5130202B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-25 | 2013-01-30 | 鶴見曹達株式会社 | エッチング溶液及びその廃液の再生方法並びに廃液からの有価金属の回収方法 |
| KR100753909B1 (ko) | 2006-09-09 | 2007-08-31 | 한국원자력연구원 | 전기영동 보수기술을 이용한 금속 또는 합금의 결함 또는 균열 보수 방법 |
| EP2626216B1 (de) * | 2011-03-10 | 2018-07-11 | HUECK Rheinische GmbH | Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer strukturierten Oberfläche eines Prägewerkzeugs und das Prägewerkzeug |
| US8529747B2 (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2013-09-10 | The Boeing Company | Methods for repairing steel components |
| US10563309B1 (en) | 2015-10-13 | 2020-02-18 | Kings Mountain International, Inc. | Method for creating a textured press plate |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0031613A1 (de) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-07-08 | Standex International GmbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Prägegravur auf einem durch eine Schweissnaht verbundenen metallischen Endlosband |
| US6146516A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 2000-11-14 | Hueck Engraving Gmbh | Method and device for the repair and/or touch-up of small surface flaws in a press plate or an endless band for surface-embossing of plastic-coated wooden or laminated panels |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE8129270U1 (de) * | 1981-10-07 | 1982-03-04 | Fa. Dr. Th. Wieland, 7530 Pforzheim | Handgeraet zur elektrolytischen edelmetallabscheidung |
| DE3717653A1 (de) * | 1987-05-26 | 1988-12-08 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur selektiven additivkorrektur von fehlstellen in kopierschichten |
| US4738756A (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1988-04-19 | The Boeing Company | Method of brush chrome plating using tank chrome plating solutions |
| DE3834035A1 (de) * | 1988-10-06 | 1990-04-12 | Gut Ges Umweltschonende Tech | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum langzeitkorrosionsschutz von schadstellen an automobilen |
-
2001
- 2001-09-28 DE DE10148045A patent/DE10148045B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-09-25 DE DE50205170T patent/DE50205170D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-25 AT AT02021199T patent/ATE312213T1/de active
- 2002-09-25 EP EP02021199A patent/EP1298232B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 US US10/259,213 patent/US6887366B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0031613A1 (de) * | 1979-12-17 | 1981-07-08 | Standex International GmbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Prägegravur auf einem durch eine Schweissnaht verbundenen metallischen Endlosband |
| US6146516A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 2000-11-14 | Hueck Engraving Gmbh | Method and device for the repair and/or touch-up of small surface flaws in a press plate or an endless band for surface-embossing of plastic-coated wooden or laminated panels |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1298232B1 (de) | 2005-12-07 |
| DE10148045A1 (de) | 2003-04-24 |
| DE50205170D1 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
| US6887366B2 (en) | 2005-05-03 |
| DE10148045B4 (de) | 2006-01-19 |
| US20030089610A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
| ATE312213T1 (de) | 2005-12-15 |
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