EP1285153A1 - Piege a particules - Google Patents

Piege a particules

Info

Publication number
EP1285153A1
EP1285153A1 EP01981922A EP01981922A EP1285153A1 EP 1285153 A1 EP1285153 A1 EP 1285153A1 EP 01981922 A EP01981922 A EP 01981922A EP 01981922 A EP01981922 A EP 01981922A EP 1285153 A1 EP1285153 A1 EP 1285153A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particle trap
particle
trap
upstream
combination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01981922A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1285153B1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf BRÜCK
Meike Reizig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies Lohmar Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH filed Critical Emitec Gesellschaft fuer Emissionstechnologie mbH
Priority to DE20122703U priority Critical patent/DE20122703U1/de
Publication of EP1285153A1 publication Critical patent/EP1285153A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1285153B1 publication Critical patent/EP1285153B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/28—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a plasma reactor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/38—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details flow channels with means to enhance flow mixing,(e.g. protrusions or projections)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a particle trap for a fluid loaded with particles, in particular for the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, the particle trap being regenerable by oxidation of the particles and placed in a pipe, e.g. can be installed in the exhaust line of a motor vehicle,
  • a fluid such as The exhaust gas from a motor vehicle contains gaseous components as well as particles. These are expelled with the exhaust gas or possibly accumulate in the exhaust line and / or in a catalytic converter of a motor vehicle. When the load changes, they are then in the form of a particle cloud, e.g. a cloud of soot.
  • Sieves also sometimes called filters
  • the use of the sieves has two significant disadvantages: on the one hand they can clog and on the other hand they cause an undesirably high pressure drop.
  • legal values for motor vehicle emissions that would be exceeded without particle reduction must be observed. There is therefore a need to create collection elements for exhaust gas particles that overcome the disadvantages of the screens, filters or other systems.
  • the invention relates to a particle trap with flow channels and structures in order to produce swirling, calming and / or dead zones in a fluid flow that flows through the particle trap, the particle trap being at least partially open.
  • the invention also relates to a particle trap with flow channels and structures in order to To generate fluid flow that flows through the particle trap, swirling, calming and / or dead zones, wherein the particle trap is at least partially open and at least part of the flow channels at least a portion with an increased heat capacity, for. B. by higher wall thickness, larger number of cells or the like, so that the effect of thermophoresis occurs increasingly in these areas during dynamic load changes with rapidly increasing fluid temperature for entrained particles in the fluid.
  • various uses of the particle trap in various combinations with other modules are the subject of the invention.
  • the particles are presumably thrown by swirling against the inner walls of the channels and adhere there.
  • the swirls are generated by structures on the inside of the channels, these structures not only creating swirls but also calming or dead zones in the flow shadow. In the calming and / or dead zones, the particles are presumably washed up (comparable to gravity separation) and then adhere firmly.
  • a possible interaction of metal-soot and / or also the temperature gradient fluid / channel wall plays a role in the adhesion of the particles. A strong agglomeration of the particles in the gas stream or on the walls is also observed.
  • a calming zone is a zone in the channel with low flow velocity and a dead zone is a zone without fluid movement.
  • the particle trap is referred to as "open" because no flow dead ends are provided.
  • this property can also be used to characterize the particle trap, for example an openness of 20% means that in a cross-sectional view, approx. With a carrier with 600 cpsi (cells per square inch) with a hydraulic diameter of the channels of approximately 0.8 mm, this would correspond to an area of approximately 0.01 mm 2 .
  • the particle trap does not become clogged, like a conventional filter system, where pores can become clogged, because the flow would entrain the part of the agglomerated particles that could be torn off due to its increased air resistance.
  • At least partially structured layers are layered or wound according to known methods and connected by joining technology, in particular soldered.
  • the cell density of the particle trap depends on the corrugation of the layers.
  • the corrugation of the layers is not necessarily uniform over an entire layer, but different flows and / or pressure conditions can be produced within the particle trap through which the layer structure is suitably produced.
  • the particle trap can be monolithic or made up of several disks, that is to say it can be made up of one element or several individual elements connected in series.
  • a system with conical channels or an element in the form of a cone is preferred.
  • Such systems as described for example in WO93 / 20339, have widening or narrowing channels, so that at any mass throughput at any point on the channels, if they correspond with them Deflection or turbulence structures are provided, particularly favorable conditions for collecting particles arise.
  • conical designations denote both the designs that show a diameter expansion in the direction of flow and the designs that have a diameter reduction.
  • Cylindrical honeycomb bodies with channels, some of which narrow and some widen, have suitable properties.
  • a smooth layer lying between two corrugations has holes, so that a fluid exchange between the channels created by the winding is possible. This enables a radial flow through the particle trap, which is not tied to a 90 ° deflection.
  • these preferably come to rest at the outlet of flow guide vanes, so that the flow is conducted directly into the holes.
  • another penetrable material such as a fiber material can be used.
  • the material of the layers is preferably metal (sheet metal), but it can also be a substance of inorganic (ceramic, fiber material), organic or organometallic nature and / or a sintered material, as long as it has a surface to which the particles adhere without coating succeed.
  • the particle trap is subject to large temperature fluctuations in a partially oxidative atmosphere (air), and various oxides are formed on the surface of the layers, if these are made of metal, possibly even in the form of needle-shaped crystals, so-called whiskers, which cause a certain surface roughness.
  • the particles of the flow which basically behave similar to molecules, are generated by different mechanisms, in particular impaction or interception in turbulent flow or thermophoresis in a laminar flow on this rough surface and washed there, the adhesion being caused essentially by Van der Waals forces.
  • the deposition of the particles takes place on the uncoated metal foil, it cannot be ruled out that there are also coated areas of the particle trap, for example because the particle trap is also designed in part as a catalyst carrier.
  • the film thickness of the layers is preferably in the range between 0.02 and 0.2 mm, particularly preferably between 0.05 and 0.08 mm, in regions with increased heat capacity preferably between 0.65 and 0.11 mm.
  • the particle trap with several layers wound they are made of the same or different material or have the same or different film thickness.
  • the particles in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine which essentially consist of soot, can be charged and / or polarized by passing them through an electric field, so that they are deflected from their preferred direction of flow (for example the axial direction of the particle trap parallel to the flow channels).
  • This increases the probability of the particles hitting the walls of the flow channels of the particle trap, since they now also have a velocity component in another direction, in particular perpendicular to the preferred direction of flow, when flowing through the particle trap.
  • This can also be achieved, for example, with a plasma reactor upstream of the particle trap, which ensures polarization of the particles.
  • the particle trap forms at least one pole of the polarization path, in particular if the particle trap at least partially has a positive charge, and electrically negatively polarized particles are thus actively attracted.
  • the mechanisms by the particles are flushed against the wall from the interior of the flow (eg interception and impaction), accelerated and amplified.
  • the particle trap In the event that the particle trap is charged, it is advantageous that peaks are arranged on the layers and / or in the structure of the film forming the layers, which intensify the charging effect.
  • the particles of the fluid can, for example, be passed through a polarization path for charging, the particles then being polarized.
  • the particle trap can also be grounded and remain charge-neutral, especially if suitable insulation is provided with regard to the tips and / or the polarization path.
  • the polarization and / or charging also takes place via photoionization.
  • the particles are charged and / or polarized via a corona discharge.
  • thermooresis use is made of the knowledge that a temperature difference between the channel wall and the flow serves to cause the particles to migrate more strongly to the channel wall (thermophoresis).
  • the thick duct wall has a high heat capacity and therefore maintains a temperature difference between the flow and the duct wall longer than a thin duct wall with dynamic load changes and increasing exhaust gas temperature and thus maintains the separation-promoting effect longer than a thin duct wall.
  • the lead structures are
  • thermophoresis is used by cascading several particle traps, each with channel walls of different thicknesses.
  • the cell densities of the particle trap are preferably in the range between 25 to 1000 cpsi, preferably between 200 and 400 cpsi.
  • a typical particle trap with 200 cpsi has a volume, based on a diesel engine, of about 0.2 to 11 per 100 kW, preferably 0.4-0.851 / 100 kW. To 78m 2 / 100kW for the geometric surface area results in example l. Compared to the volumes of conventional filters and screening systems, this is a very small volume or a very small geometric surface compared to a conventional design with a surface area of approximately 4 m 2 per 100 kW.
  • the particle trap can be regenerated, and in the case of soot separation in the diesel engine exhaust line, regeneration by oxidation of the soot either by nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) at a temperature above about 200 ° C. or with air or oxygen (O 2 ), for example at Temperatures above 500 ° C or by injection of an additive (eg cerium).
  • NO 2 nitrogen dioxide
  • O 2 air or oxygen
  • C + 2NO 2 -> CO 2 + 2NO requires that an oxidation catalytic converter is placed in front of the particle trap in the exhaust line, which oxidizes NO to NO 2 in sufficient quantity.
  • the quantitative ratio of the reactants also depends significantly on the Mixing of the fluids from, so that depending on the design of the channels of the particle trap, different proportions should also be used.
  • an aid is provided for the thermal regeneration of the particle trap.
  • the element is at least partially electrically heated, or an electrically heatable auxiliary, such as a heating catalytic converter, is connected upstream of the element.
  • an auxiliary device is switched on or on for regeneration as a function of the occupancy / degree of filling of the particle trap, which in the simplest case is measured via the pressure loss that the particle trap generates in the exhaust line.
  • an oxidation catalyst upstream of the particle trap has a lower specific heat capacity per unit volume and number of cells than the particle trap itself.
  • the oxidation catalyst preferably has a volume of 0.5 liters, a cell number of 400 cpsi and a film thickness of 0.05 mm , while the particle trap with the same volume and the same number of cells has a film thickness of 0.08 mm and a downstream SCR catalyst again has a film thickness of 0.05 mm.
  • the combination of the particle trap with at least one catalytic converter and a turbocharger or the combination of a particle trap with a turbocharger is also advantageous.
  • the particle trap downstream of the turbocharger can be arranged close to the engine or in the underbody position.
  • the particle trap is also used in combination with an upstream or downstream one
  • Soot filter used the soot filter downstream can be much smaller than the conventional soot filter, because it should only provide additional protection that particle emission is excluded.
  • a filter is preferred the size 0.5m 2 per 100kW diesel engine used up to a maximum of Im 2 , (with a downstream filter area, the cross-sectional area of the filter is adapted to that of the particle trap, both in the case of a narrowing cross-section as well as in the case of a cross-section expansion), whereas filter sizes of approx. 4m 2 per 100kW are required.
  • the soot filter can also be in the form of filter material installed directly before or after the storage / oxidation element, the filter material being directly, e.g. via a solder connection, can be connected to the storage / oxidation element.
  • Soot filter (possibly cone to increase the pipe cross section) reduction catalyst
  • the particle trap is used in combination with at least one catalyst.
  • catalysts electrocatalysts and / or
  • Pre-catalysts are particularly suitable for this: oxidation catalyst, Heating catalytic converter with upstream or downstream heating disc, hydrolysis catalytic converter and / or reduction catalytic converter.
  • Oxidation catalysts which also oxidize NO x (nitrous gases) to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) are used, in addition to those which oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.
  • the catalysts are, for example, tubular or conical.
  • a nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) store is preferably used in front of the particle trap, which, if required, provides NO 2 in sufficient quantity for the oxidation of the soot in the particle trap.
  • This store can be, for example, an activated carbon store, for example, with an adequate supply of oxygen.
  • the particle trap can have different coatings in some areas, each of which requires functionality.
  • the particle trap in addition to the function as a trap for particles, can have a storage, mixing, oxidation, flow-imparting function and also e.g. have a function as a hydrolysis catalyst.
  • the particle trap is not used in the form of an element, but rather in the form of several narrow elements connected in series, as a multi-disc element.
  • Particle traps, the corrugations without structures to create swirling and calming zones and with a coating can also be used. Up to 10 elements are preferably used.
  • This construction referred to as a “disk arrangement” or “disk catalytic converter”, can be used, for example, if particle separation is desired in the range from 10 to 20% (when using conventional catalysts).
  • the present invention proposes a particle trap that can replace conventional filter and sieve systems and has serious advantages over these systems:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a particle trap according to the invention in the form of a layered honeycomb body
  • Fig. 2 shows a single layer with structures for generating
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the particle trap according to the invention with a plasma reactor
  • Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of the structures for generating
  • 5 a particle trap according to the invention which can be flowed through radially
  • 6 shows a layer with structures for generating turbulence
  • Fig. 7 is a particle trap in a disk arrangement with others
  • FIG. 1 shows a particle trap 11 according to the invention, which is constructed from metallic layers 4, 6, which has flow channels 2 through which a fluid can flow.
  • the layers 4, 6 are designed either as a corrugated layer 4 or as a smooth layer 6.
  • the film thickness of the layers 4, 6 is preferably in the range between 0.02 and 0.2 mm, in particular less than 0.05 mm.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a detailed view of the corrugated layer 4, which has structures 3 for generating swirling, calming and / or dead zones 5.
  • the fluid flows along the preferred direction of flow indicated by arrow 16.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the particle trap 11 according to the invention with an upstream plasma reactor 17.
  • the fluid or the particles contained therein are / are at least polarized, possibly even ionized, with the plasma reactor 17 if the fluid in the preferred one
  • Plasma reactor 17 is connected to the negative pole of a voltage source 20.
  • the positive pole of the voltage source 20 is connected to tips 18 of the particle trap 11, which are arranged as close as possible to the axis 19, so that a
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the corrugated layers 4.
  • FIG. 5 shows a particle trap which can be flowed through radially (radius 21) (arrow 16).
  • the flow channels 2 extend from a central channel 22, which is porous in the area of the honeycomb body 1, radially outward to a porous jacket 23 surrounding the honeycomb body 1.
  • the honeycomb body 1 is made of segmented or annular smooth layers 6 and corrugations 4 educated.
  • FIG. 6 shows a possible, segmented, embodiment of the corrugated layer 4 with structures 3 for generating swirling, calming and / or dead zones.
  • FIG. 7 shows a particle trap which has conical channels and which comprises a plurality of, possibly narrow, elements which are particle traps and / or catalysts.
  • honeycomb bodies 1 are arranged one behind the other, each widening or tapering in a conical shape.
  • an additive addition 7 a nitrogen reservoir 14 and an oxidation catalyst 8, with which nitrous gases (No s ) are oxidized to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), are connected upstream in the exhaust line 12.
  • a turbocharger 9 and a soot filter 10 are connected downstream.
  • the particle trap 11 is advantageously used in combination with an aid for soot oxidation 15.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un piège à particules, notamment un piège à particules régénérable et pouvant être monté dans un tuyau, tel que par ex. la section de gaz d'échappement d'une automobile. Ce piège à particules est un système ouvert dans lequel des particules provenant d'un fluide peuvent être immobilisées ou déposées par des tourbillonnements dans l'écoulement et peuvent être retenues jusqu'à ce qu'elles subissent une oxydation.
EP01981922A 2000-05-30 2001-05-29 Piege a particules Revoked EP1285153B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20122703U DE20122703U1 (de) 2000-05-30 2001-05-29 Partikelfalle

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10026696 2000-05-30
DE10026696A DE10026696A1 (de) 2000-05-30 2000-05-30 Partikelfalle
PCT/EP2001/006071 WO2001092692A1 (fr) 2000-05-30 2001-05-29 Piege a particules

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1285153A1 true EP1285153A1 (fr) 2003-02-26
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US20030086837A1 (en) 2003-05-08
ES2299522T3 (es) 2008-06-01
DE50113505D1 (de) 2008-03-06
WO2001092692A1 (fr) 2001-12-06
JP4913309B2 (ja) 2012-04-11
JP5199287B2 (ja) 2013-05-15
CN1288330C (zh) 2006-12-06
KR20030007795A (ko) 2003-01-23
JP2003535253A (ja) 2003-11-25
JP2010169097A (ja) 2010-08-05
EP1285153B1 (fr) 2008-01-16
US7267805B2 (en) 2007-09-11
AU2002211949A1 (en) 2001-12-11
KR100759146B1 (ko) 2007-09-14
DE10026696A1 (de) 2001-12-20

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