EP1276022A2 - Mechanical watch - Google Patents

Mechanical watch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1276022A2
EP1276022A2 EP02014989A EP02014989A EP1276022A2 EP 1276022 A2 EP1276022 A2 EP 1276022A2 EP 02014989 A EP02014989 A EP 02014989A EP 02014989 A EP02014989 A EP 02014989A EP 1276022 A2 EP1276022 A2 EP 1276022A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cage
axis
piece according
wheel
balance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02014989A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1276022A3 (en
Inventor
Franck Muller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Franck Mueller Watchland SA
Original Assignee
Franck Mueller Watchland SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Franck Mueller Watchland SA filed Critical Franck Mueller Watchland SA
Publication of EP1276022A2 publication Critical patent/EP1276022A2/en
Publication of EP1276022A3 publication Critical patent/EP1276022A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of unbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels

Definitions

  • the watchmaker Breguet invented the vortex which consists of housing the organs of the system adjusting in a cage, coaxial with the balance, so that the differences at least partially compensate for each other during random movements of the part.
  • the object of the present invention is to further reduce the sum of the deviations ⁇ T during a time interval relatively long, say 24 hours, and improve thus the precision of the part.
  • the regulating system is housed in a cage and the piece includes a mechanism printing to this cage a movement in which all the points materials of the regulating system describe trajectories in a three-dimensional space
  • the attached drawing represents, schematically and by way of non-limiting example, a wristwatch constituting an embodiment of the subject of the invention.
  • the single figure of the drawing is a section through the common axis A1 of the cage and the pendulum.
  • the adjusting system of the wristwatch including the balance 10 and exhaust pinion 11, is housed in a cage 12 whose upper deck 13 has a gear 14.
  • This cage 12 is fixed on a plate (platform) 15 which is integral with the second wheel 16 which meshes with the pinion 11.
  • the plate 15 is rotatably mounted between two ice stones 17 and 18 arranged in housings provided for this effect, respectively in the hub 19 of two wheels twin teeth 20 and 21, and in the hub 22 of a wheel toothed 23.
  • the three wheels 20, 21 and 23 have a common axis A2 cutting perpendicular to the axis A1.
  • Twin wheels 20-21 can rotate in a bearing ball 24, while hub 22 is driven in a support housing 25.
  • the bearing 24 and the support 25 are mounted at diametrically opposite points a driving wheel 26 which rotates, via a ball bearing 27, in a ring 28 fixed on the bottom of the box, and which carries a rack circular 29 on which the wheel 20 is supported.
  • the drive wheel 26 permanently acts on the wheel 20 which tends to rotate it around its axis A2.
  • the random movements of the watch contribute to bring the sum of the deviations ⁇ T to zero during one extended time interval.
  • the step deviations ⁇ T that is to say T mean - T can be positive or negative depending on the positions of the watch, which means that the sum of these deviations ⁇ T can be zero by offsetting the sum of the deviations ⁇ Tp positive and the sum of the deviations ⁇ Tn negative.
  • the invention is obviously not limited to the form of execution described. In particular it may apply other timepieces than wristwatches.
  • the drive mechanism of the cage may be different from that described and represented.

Abstract

The regulating system of the wristwatch consists of a balance wheel (10) and escapement pinion (11) which are housed in a cage (12). The cage is given intermittent and nearly simultaneous rotations about orthogonal axes (A1,A2) by a mechanism which consists of a driving wheel (26), a circular rack and pinion (29), twin toothed wheels (20,21), toothed crown wheel (14) and toothed wheel (23).

Description

Dans une pièce d'horlogerie mécanique comprenant un système balancier-spiral à échappement suisse, la période d'oscillation du balancier est donnée par la formule T=2π IC où I est le moment d'inertie principal du balancier et C le moment de rappel de la force élastique du spiral.In a mechanical timepiece including a balance-spring system with Swiss escapement, the period of oscillation of the balance is given by the formula T = 2π I VS where I is the main moment of inertia of the balance and C the moment of recall of the elastic force of the balance spring.

Si ce rapport est constant, le mouvement est isochrone.If this ratio is constant, the movement is isochronous.

Malheureusement, lors de la marche de la pièce, de nombreux facteurs, qui dépendent notamment des positions du système réglant, modifient la valeur du rapport I / CUnfortunately, during the walk of the piece, many factors, which depend in particular on positions of the regulating system, modify the value of the I / C ratio

Un des facteurs les plus importants réside dans les forces de frottement, en particulier celles qui agissent sur les pivots du balancier.One of the most important factors is the strengths friction, especially those that act on the pendulum pivots.

Ces forces de frottement entrainent des variations ΔT de la période d'oscillation T du balancier.These friction forces cause variations ΔT of the period of oscillation T of the balance wheel.

Pour réduire ces écarts, l'horloger Breguet a inventé le tourbillon qui consiste à loger les organes du système réglant dans une cage, coaxiale au balancier, de manière que les écarts se compensent au moins partiellement lors des mouvements aléatoires de la pièce. To reduce these differences, the watchmaker Breguet invented the vortex which consists of housing the organs of the system adjusting in a cage, coaxial with the balance, so that the differences at least partially compensate for each other during random movements of the part.

Le but de la présente invention est de réduire davantage la somme des écarts ΔT durant un intervalle de temps relativement long, par exemple 24 heures, et d'améliorer ainsi la précision de la pièce.The object of the present invention is to further reduce the sum of the deviations ΔT during a time interval relatively long, say 24 hours, and improve thus the precision of the part.

A cet effet, le système réglant est logé dans une cage et la pièce comprend un mécanisme imprimant à cette cage un mouvement au cours duquel tous les points matériels du sytème réglant décrivent des trajectoires dans un espace à trois dimensionsFor this purpose, the regulating system is housed in a cage and the piece includes a mechanism printing to this cage a movement in which all the points materials of the regulating system describe trajectories in a three-dimensional space

Le dessin ci-annexé représente, schématiquement et à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une montre-bracelet constituant une forme d'exécution de l'objet de l'invention.The attached drawing represents, schematically and by way of non-limiting example, a wristwatch constituting an embodiment of the subject of the invention.

Pour simplifier, on a représenté seulement la cage et son mécanisme d'entraínement, ainsi qu'une partie du système réglant.To simplify, we have shown only the cage and its drive mechanism, as well as part of the regulating system.

La figure unique du dessin est une coupe par l'axe commun A1 de la cage et du balancier.The single figure of the drawing is a section through the common axis A1 of the cage and the pendulum.

Le système réglant de la montre-bracelet, comprenant le balancier 10 et le pignon d'échappement 11, est logé dans une cage 12 dont le pont supérieur 13 présente une couronne dentée 14.The adjusting system of the wristwatch, including the balance 10 and exhaust pinion 11, is housed in a cage 12 whose upper deck 13 has a gear 14.

Cette cage 12 est fixée sur un plateau ( plateforme ) 15 qui est solidaire de la roue de seconde 16 laquelle engrène avec le pignon 11.This cage 12 is fixed on a plate (platform) 15 which is integral with the second wheel 16 which meshes with the pinion 11.

Le plateau 15 est monté rotativement entre deux pierres-glaces 17 et 18 disposées dans des logements prévus à cet effet, respectivement dans le moyeu 19 de deux roues dentées jumelées 20 et 21, et dans le moyeu 22 d'une roue dentée 23.The plate 15 is rotatably mounted between two ice stones 17 and 18 arranged in housings provided for this effect, respectively in the hub 19 of two wheels twin teeth 20 and 21, and in the hub 22 of a wheel toothed 23.

Les trois roues 20, 21 et 23 ont un axe commun A2 coupant perpendiculairement l'axe A1.The three wheels 20, 21 and 23 have a common axis A2 cutting perpendicular to the axis A1.

Les roues jumelées 20-21 peuvent tourner dans un palier à billes 24, tandis que le moyeu 22 est châssé dans un logement d'un support 25.Twin wheels 20-21 can rotate in a bearing ball 24, while hub 22 is driven in a support housing 25.

Le palier 24 et le support 25 sont montés en des points diamètralement opposés d'une roue motrice 26 qui tourne, par l'intermédiaire d'un roulement à billes 27, dans une bague 28 fixée sur le fond de la boíte, et qui porte une crémaillère circulaire 29 sur laquelle la roue 20 prend appui.The bearing 24 and the support 25 are mounted at diametrically opposite points a driving wheel 26 which rotates, via a ball bearing 27, in a ring 28 fixed on the bottom of the box, and which carries a rack circular 29 on which the wheel 20 is supported.

La roue motrice 26 exerce en permanence une action sur la roue 20 qui tend à la faire tourner autour de son axe A2. The drive wheel 26 permanently acts on the wheel 20 which tends to rotate it around its axis A2.

En faisant l'hypothèse que rien n'empêche de raire tourner librement la roue 26 autour de l'axe A1, cette rotation communiquerait à l'ensemble 12-15, par l'interdiaire de la crémaillère 29 et de la roue 20, les mouvements suivants :

  • une rotation autour de l'axe A1, par engrènement de la roue 21 et de la couronne 14,
  • une rotation autour de l'axe A2, par engrènement en deux points diamètralement opposés, de la couronne 14 avec, d'une part, la roue 21, et, d'autre part, la roue fixe 23.
Assuming that nothing prevents the wheel 26 from turning freely around the axis A1, this rotation would communicate to the assembly 12-15, via the rack 29 and the wheel 20, the following movements:
  • a rotation about the axis A1 , by meshing of the wheel 21 and the crown 14,
  • a rotation about the axis A2 , by meshing at two diametrically opposite points, of the crown 14 with, on the one hand, the wheel 21, and, on the other hand, the fixed wheel 23.

La vue en perspective isométrique jointe au dessin a pour but d'illustrer le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'entrainement de la cage ; elle n'est pas une pièce technique de la demande.The isometric perspective view attached to the drawing a to illustrate the operation of the mechanism cage training; she is not a room demand technique.

Le mouvement résultant de ces deux rotations qui s'exécutent pratiquement simultanément s'étend dans un espace à trois dimensions par rapport à un système de référence fixe.The movement resulting from these two rotations which are performed practically simultaneously extends into a space of three dimensions compared to a fixed reference system.

Au cours de ce mouvement résultant, tous les points du système réglant passent par des positions correspondant à des positions verticales et horizontales de la montre.During this resulting movement, all points of the regulating system go through corresponding positions at vertical and horizontal positions of the watch.

En abandonnant l'hypothèse ci-dessus, le pignon d'échappement 11 rend ce mouvement résultant intermittent par le fait qu'il ne peut s'opérer que durant une alternance sur deux du balancier 10.By abandoning the hypothesis above, the pinion exhaust 11 makes this resulting motion intermittent by the fact that it can only take place during a alternation on two of the pendulum 10.

Durant sa rotation, le pignon 11, en engrenant avec la roue de secondes, 16 décrit une trajectoire épicycloïdale.During its rotation, the pinion 11, meshing with the seconds wheel, 16 describes an epicyclic trajectory.

Les mouvements aléatoires de la montre contribuent à faire tendre vers zéro la somme des écarts Δ T durant un intervalle de temps prolongé.The random movements of the watch contribute to bring the sum of the deviations Δ T to zero during one extended time interval.

On sait en effet, que les écarts de marche ΔT, c'est-à-dire T moyen - T peuvent être positifs ou négatifs selon les positions de la montre ce qui signifie que la somme de ces écarts ΔT peut être nulle par compensation de la somme des écarts ΔTp positifs et la somme des écarts ΔTn négatifs.We know, in fact, that the step deviations ΔT, that is to say T mean - T can be positive or negative depending on the positions of the watch, which means that the sum of these deviations ΔT can be zero by offsetting the sum of the deviations ΔTp positive and the sum of the deviations ΔTn negative.

Les mouvements de la cage de la pièce selon l'invention font donc tendre la somme totale des écarts ΔT vers zéro. The movements of the workpiece cage according to the invention thus make tend the total sum of the deviations ΔT towards zero.

On notera encore que les perturbations de marche de la montre causées dans le mécanisme d'entrainement au niveau des engrenages, d'une part, et des tourbillons et leurs paliers d'autre part, lorsque les points de contact, se déplacent, par exemple au moment du passage de l'ensemble 12- 15 par des positions d'équilibre instables, se compenseront, au moins partiellement dans le temps grâce au mouvement de cet ensemble.It will also be noted that the disturbances in the walking of the shows caused in the drive mechanism at the level gears, on the one hand, and vortices and their bearings on the other hand, when the contact points, move, for example when passing of the set 12-15 by unstable equilibrium positions, offset each other, at least partially in the time thanks to the movement of this set.

L'invention n'est évidemment pas limitée à la forme d'exécution décrite. En particulier elle pourra s'appliquer à d'autres pièces d'horlogerie que des montres-bracelets.The invention is obviously not limited to the form of execution described. In particular it may apply other timepieces than wristwatches.

Par ailleurs, le mécanisme d'entrainement de la cage pourra être différent de celui décrit et représenté.In addition, the drive mechanism of the cage may be different from that described and represented.

Claims (7)

Pièce d'horlogerie mécanique comprenant un système balancier-spiral du type suisse, caractérisée par le fait que ce système est logé dans une cage (12) et qu'elle comprend un mecanisme ( 26, 29, 20, 21, 14, 21, 23 ) imprimant à cette cage (12) un mouvement au cours duquel tous les points dudit système réglant ( 10 à 11 ) décrivent des trajectoires dans un espace à trois dimensions par rapport à un sytème de référence fixe relativement à la pièce.Mechanical timepiece comprising a balance-spring system of the Swiss type, characterized in that this system is housed in a cage (12) and that it includes a mechanism (26, 29, 20, 21, 14, 21, 23) imparting to this cage (12) a movement during which all the points of said regulating system (10 to 11) describe trajectories in a three-dimensional space with respect to a fixed reference system relative to the part. Pièce selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que ledit mécanisme imprime à ladite cage (12) deux mouvements de rotation, l'un autour de l'axe du balancier (A1), le second autour d'un axe A2 coupant l'axe A1.Piece according to claim 1, characterized in that the said mechanism prints on the said cage (12) two rotational movements, one around the axis of the balance (A1), the second around an axis A2 intersecting the axis A1. Pièce selon la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que l'axe A2 coupe perpendiculairement l'axe A1.Piece according to claim 2, characterized in that the axis A2 intersects the axis A1 perpendicularly. Pièce selon la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que ladite cage (12) est montée rotativement sur une plateforme (15) de manière à pouvoir tourner relativement autour de l'axe A2Piece according to claim 3, characterized in that said cage (12) is rotatably mounted on a platform (15) so as to be able to rotate relatively around the axis A2 Pièce selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que ledit mécanisme comprend une roue motrice (26) entrainant, durant une alternance sur deux du balancier (10), la cage (12) et la plateforme (15) autour, respectivement, des axes de rotation A1 et A2.Piece according to claim 1, characterized in that the said mechanism comprises a driving wheel (26) driving, during alternation on two of the balance (10), the cage (12) and the platform (15) around, respectively, the axes of rotation A1 and A2. Pièce selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que lesdites rotations intermittentes sont simultanées.Piece according to claim 5, characterized in that said intermittent rotations are simultaneous. Pièce selon la revendication 6, caractérisée par le fait que lesdites rotations intermittentes sont contrôlées par le pignon d'échappement (11) en prise avec la roue de secondes (16) fixe.Piece according to claim 6, characterized in that said intermittent rotations are controlled by the exhaust pinion (11) engaged with the fixed seconds wheel (16).
EP02014989A 2001-07-12 2002-07-10 Mechanical watch Withdrawn EP1276022A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH12822001A CH693047A5 (en) 2001-07-12 2001-07-12 Mechanical timepiece.
CH12822001 2001-07-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1276022A2 true EP1276022A2 (en) 2003-01-15
EP1276022A3 EP1276022A3 (en) 2009-12-02

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EP02014989A Withdrawn EP1276022A3 (en) 2001-07-12 2002-07-10 Mechanical watch

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004097533A2 (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-11-11 Jansen Rob E A Double sided tourbillon
WO2005071498A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-04 Gübelin AG Tourbillon
JP2006208389A (en) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-10 Richemont Internatl Sa Timepiece with tourbillon
CN102809919A (en) * 2011-05-30 2012-12-05 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Double-axis tourbillon mechanism of mechanical watch
CN103412471A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-11-27 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Three-axis tourbillon mechanism of mechanical watch

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH696985A5 (en) * 2003-03-19 2008-02-29 Franck Muller Watchland S A Timepiece including a whirlpool.
EP1615085B1 (en) 2004-07-08 2008-08-27 Audemars Piguet (Renaud et Papi) SA Correction mechanism for the seating of a regulator device for balance-spring
CH705836B1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2016-01-15 Lvmh Swiss Mft Sa Timepiece.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH33816A (en) * 1905-05-22 1906-01-31 Traugott & Cie M Tourbillon escapement for timepieces

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH33816A (en) * 1905-05-22 1906-01-31 Traugott & Cie M Tourbillon escapement for timepieces

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
RICHARD GOOD: "The first triple tourbillon" HOROLOGICAL JOURNAL, HOROLOGICAL JOURNAL. ASHFORD, GB, vol. 125, no. 10, 1 avril 1983 (1983-04-01), pages 15-17, XP002124087 ISSN: 0018-5108 *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7744271B2 (en) 2003-05-02 2010-06-29 Watch-U Licence Ag Double sided tourbillon
WO2004097533A3 (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-12-23 Rob E A Jansen Double sided tourbillon
WO2004097533A2 (en) * 2003-05-02 2004-11-11 Jansen Rob E A Double sided tourbillon
WO2005071498A1 (en) * 2004-01-26 2005-08-04 Gübelin AG Tourbillon
JP2006208389A (en) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-10 Richemont Internatl Sa Timepiece with tourbillon
US7445375B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2008-11-04 Richemont International Sa Watch with a tourbillon
EP1686435A3 (en) * 2005-01-28 2007-03-07 Richemont International S.A. Timepiece comprising a tourbillon
CN102809919A (en) * 2011-05-30 2012-12-05 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Double-axis tourbillon mechanism of mechanical watch
WO2012163105A1 (en) * 2011-05-30 2012-12-06 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Biaxial tourbillion mechanism of mechanical watch
CN102809919B (en) * 2011-05-30 2013-12-18 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Double-axis tourbillon mechanism of mechanical watch
DE112012000574B4 (en) 2011-05-30 2020-08-06 Tianjin Seagull Watch Co., Ltd. Two-axis tourbillon for a mechanical wristwatch
CN103412471A (en) * 2013-08-13 2013-11-27 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Three-axis tourbillon mechanism of mechanical watch
CN103412471B (en) * 2013-08-13 2016-06-29 天津海鸥表业集团有限公司 Three-axis tourbillon mechanism of mechanical watch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH693047A5 (en) 2003-01-31
EP1276022A3 (en) 2009-12-02

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