HU227321B1 - Tri-axial tourbillon for a timepiece, in particular a wrist watch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-axis tourbillon (1) for a mechanical clockwork, especially a watch. It has a first rotating frame (13) associated with a clock structure regulating blocking device (14) and is pivotally mounted in a second rotating frame (12) around the first shaft (T1). The second rotating frame (12) is pivotally mounted in a third rotating frame (11) about a second axis (T2). This third rotating frame (11) is rotatable about a fixed third axis (T3) relative to the clock structure. The axes (T1, T2, T3) of the rotating frames (11, 12, 13) are perpendicular to each other. Furthermore, it is provided with an outer corona wheel (35) fixed to the clock structure, which engages a gear (34) that drives the axis of the second rotating frame (12). The third rotary frame (11) has a fixed internal crown wheel (26) for engaging the gearing (25) of the shaft of the first rotating frame (13). The essence is that the third rotating frame (11) is split-shaped, its upper part (11F) being arranged outside the external fixed crown wheel (35), while the inner crown wheel (26) forming the lower part (11A) of the third rotary frame (11) is on the outside. is located within a fixed crown wheel (35). Each of the bearings (15-20) of the rotating frames (11,12,13) is formed as a gemstone gemstone. EN 227 321 Β1 Figure 5 Scope of description 16 pages (including 10 sheets)

Description

The scope of the description is 16 pages (including 10 sheets)

EN 227 321 Β1

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a three-axis TOURBILLON structure for mechanical clocks, especially watches.

As is known, the control structure of the mechanical clocks, i.e., the "inhibitory structure" of another term, would be quite accurate if the respective center of gravity of the pivot wheel of the barrier structure coincides with its axis of rotation. But since the spatial position of the arm and pocket watches changes as they wear, gravity causes the tilting wheel to be recalculated with varying degrees of imbalance, which is at the expense of accuracy. Even during use, the pocket watches that are mostly upright should be counted with an inaccuracy of about 0.1 to 10.0 s per day, but the position of the watches is much less favorable due to their almost constant wear position.

To eliminate the imbalance of the pivot wheel and improve the accuracy of the clock, tourbillon structures have been developed mainly for pocket watches, where the control structure is mounted in a relatively rotatable frame. This improves the adjustability of the clocks in both horizontal and vertical positions.

US-A-7160026 discloses a three-axis tourbillon, which allows more precise control, since it essentially eliminates the difference in center of gravity in all directions. In this case, the block structure of the clock structure is built into an internal rotating frame which is pivotally pivoted about the first axis. The gear wheel on the barrier shaft of the barrier structure is associated with a gear with a central rotating frame. This central rotation frame is pivotally mounted about a second axis perpendicular to the first axis. In addition, there is a third external rotating frame that receives a constant drive from a spring-loaded gear and is pivotally mounted about a fixed third axis relative to the clock structure.

According to practical experience, the accuracy achieved by the above construction is acceptable, but it is a deficiency that on the one hand structurally too complicated, and on the other hand, the external rotating frame had to be arranged inside the fixed crown wheel to fix the outer crown wheel. And the consequence of this is that the bearings of the central and external rotating frames could only be solved in a very difficult way with ball bearings. This, however, does not meet the professional public perception, since ball bearings are currently accepted at maximum automatic hours, but in classical (non-automatic) hours, especially in more demanding clock structures, lesson is considered as a forced solution.

Starting from the prior art, the present invention aims at overcoming the above-mentioned disadvantages, i.e. creating an improved solution that can further improve accuracy even at wristwatches and simplify the design and arrangement. In particular, our goal is to eliminate the use of ball bearings.

In order to solve the problem, we started from the three-axis tourbillon described in the introduction, which is therefore a mechanical clockwork, especially a watch. The essence of the present invention is defined in the appended main claim, further preferred features and improvements are set forth in the dependent claims and detailed description below.

The object of the present invention is therefore that the outer rotating frame is of a split design, the upper part of which is arranged outside the outer crown wheel, while the inner crown wheel formed as the inner bottom part of the third rotary frame is arranged within the outer crown wheel. With this original, we broke up with the new concept and arrangement with the traditional concept and opened a new path towards quality clockwork, the benefits of which are discussed below.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the present invention is exemplified! An embodiment of the invention is shown. In the drawing:

a top view of a wristwatch with a three-axis "tourbillon" according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the watch of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 illustrates the most important part of the solution according to Figs. 1 and 2, namely the three-axis tourbillon according to the invention in perspective view, on a relatively larger scale;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the arrangement of Fig. 3; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 4;

6A-6D. Figures 3A and 6B show the internal rotating frame of the solution of FIG. Figure 6B is a perspective view; Figure 6C is a top view. Figure Side View and 6D. bottom view;

7A-7C. FIGS. 3A and 7B show a central rotational frame of the solution of FIG. FIG. Figure 7C is a top view and 7C. illustration side view;

8A-8C. FIGS. Figure 8B is a perspective view; Figure side view and 8C. Figure top view;

9A-9C. Figs. 3A and 6B show the bottom support bridge of the embodiment of FIG. Figure 9B is a perspective view; Figure 9C is a top view and 9C. illustration side view;

10A-10E. FIGS. Figure 10B is a perspective view; Figure side view, 10C. Figure top view, 10D. 10C. Fig. 10A is a sectional view taken along line A-A; 10D. Figure B is a relatively larger scale view of detail.

Figures 1 and 2 show a top view and a bottom view of a three-axle 1-tourbillon watch according to the invention as an example! embodiment.

We only sketched the 2 case, transparent 3 cover and 4 motherboards and 5 dials of the watch.

They are designed so that when the wristwatch is handwritten, the tourbillon 1 is transparent from the top and bottom. The clock shaft 6, the 7-minute shaft and the 8-second axle shown in Figure 1 are driven by a non-illustrated spring-loaded motor of the clock structure, known per se, by a gear system, but does not require a specific description for the skilled artisan. Figure 2 shows the reference bridges of the watch known as reference 10A.

The 3-5. 3 to 3 show a three-axle tourbillon according to the invention as an example! The original design and arrangement of the embodiment of FIG.

It actually consists of the following major structural units:

- top mounting bracket from 9 bridges

- lower mounting bracket from 10 bridges,

- an exterior rotating frame 11, rotatably embedded in bridges 9 and 10,

- a central rotating frame 12 rotatably embedded in the outer frame 11,

- a central rotating frame 13 rotatably embedded in the central rotating frame 12, comprising a known barrier means 14 constituting the actual control unit of the clock structure.

Thus, the internal rotating frame 13 of the tourbillon 1 is associated with the regulating block 14 (FIG. 5) and is rotatably mounted on the first rotary frame 12 in the central rotating frame 12 in bearings 15 and 16. However, the central rotating frame 12 is removably mounted in bearings 17 and 18 around the second axis T2. The outer frame 11 and the third T3 axle fixed in the bearings relative to the clock structure are rotatably arranged. The axes Τ1, T2 and T3 are perpendicular to each other, as can be clearly seen in Figure 5, but it is noted that in the horizontal base position of the structure shown here, the axes T1 and T3 coincide.

In the arrangement according to the invention, the rotating frames 11, 12 and 13, respectively, 17 and 18, and 19 and the bearings are, without exception, formed as stone gems made of precious stones, to be discussed in more detail; that is, the ball bearings that are used in the prior art have been completely eliminated, thus, in addition to increasing accuracy, we have approached the quality clock structures.

6A-6D. 3 to 5 show a plan view of FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 illustrate an internal rotating frame 13 of the tourbillon 1 as shown in FIG. 6A. 6B. 6C. Figure 6D is a side view and 6D. in the bottom view. The frame of the internal rotating frame 13 has a shaft 22, which, as shown in FIG. 5, bears 23 and 24 embedded in the bearings 15 and 16 (FIG. 6C). At the end of the shaft 22 outside the embedded portion 24, a pinion 25 is fixed, which rolls on the inner fixed crown wheel 26 of the outer rotary frame 11, while the internal rotating frame 13 rotates relatively about the axis of the T1 (see also Figures 5 and 8A).

In the frame 21 of the internal rotating frame 13, the control device 14, which in this case consists of a spring-loaded swivel wheel, an impeller 27 and a cooperating anchor 29, is incorporated in a manner known per se. The gear wheel 30 mounted on the shaft of the wheel 28 is coupled to the gear wheel 26 fixed on the central rotating frame 12 (see Figures 6A and 7A). It should be noted that the tourbillon 1 according to the invention may be associated with any other type of inhibitory structure.

The details of the center 12 rotating frame are clearly visible in FIGS. FIGS. The central rotating frame 12 has a mounted frame, the lower part of which is fastened with the above-mentioned gear 26, and is provided with two-sided and 33 shaft pins whose center lines are the axis of rotation T2 (Fig. 7C). The shafts 32 and 33 are rotatably mounted in the bearings 17 and 18 and are arranged in the outer rotation frame 11 (Fig. 5).

7A-7C. 1 to 4, the pinion 34 of the central rotating frame 12 is attached to the inner neck portion of the spindle 32 and engages with a fixed crown wheel 35 fixed on the lower support 10 and illustrates the central rotation frame 12 around the axis of T2. it turns away relatively. The frame 31 also includes the rotatable bearings 17 and 18 of the inner rotating frame 13, which have been mentioned above, and whose common centerline 36 is perpendicular to the axis of the T2 (Figure 7C).

8A-8C. 3 to 5 show a plan view of FIGS. Figs. As shown herein, the outer frame 11 is divided according to the invention, i.e. it consists of an upper portion 11F and a center portion 11A. The upper 11F portion of the outer rotary frame 11 has a curved frame 37 with lower geared gear 38 at its lower ends. At the ends of the frame 37, the central rotating frame 12 also includes bearings 19 and 20 having a relatively rotatable bearing, the common centerline 39 of which is perpendicular to the rotational T3 axis of the outer rotor 11, which is defined by the shaft couplings 40 and 41 of the frame.

The central lower part 11A of the outer rotor 11 comprises substantially the above-mentioned internal fixed crown cores 26, which according to the invention are substantially, e.g. 2/5 partially extends under the gear 38 and is perpendicular to the frame 37 in the frame. The lower shaft stub 41 is particularly arranged on the crown wheel 26 itself at its lower edge portion (Fig. 8B). The gear 38 gears a constant drive in a known manner from the spring-loaded sprocket X associated with it (this is indicated by a thin line in Figure 8B).

9A-9C. Figs. Figs. It has a mounted frame 42, the three vertical columns 43 of which fix the above-mentioned external fixed crown corks 35, and have lowering arms 44 and 45, with which the structure, e.g. for the 4 motherboard of the clock, eg with screws (Fig. 2). The frame 42 also includes the bearing 20 of the above-mentioned shaft 41 of the lower shaft stub of the outer frame 11, which is coaxial with the outer fixed crown wheel 35.

Finally, 10A-10E. 3 to 5 show a plan view of FIGS. Figures 9 to 7 illustrate the upper 9 bridges of the embodiment shown in FIGS.

EN 227 321 Β1

It has a curved curved frame 46 which is fastened with screws 47 to the topsheet 3 and has 48 guide pins for precise orientation. The frame 46 also includes the above-mentioned bearing 19 for the upper shaft stub 40 of the outer rotor 11.

A 10E. Figure 9 shows the details of the bearing 19 according to the invention. In the present case, the bearing 19 has a stone bearing bush 49 made of white sapphire, in which the loose fit, which is typical of the more demanding clock structures, is provided by the shaft stub 40 (see Fig. 8A), not shown separately, and the axially adjustable support 50 of the end of this spindle. in case of diamonds. The cover 50 is arranged in the housing 51A of the bearing cover 51. The relative axial position of the top 50 in the socket 51A can be adjusted precisely during assembly.

Note that 3-5. Figures 15-18 and 20 show all of these bearings, or similar, and are therefore not specifically contemplated.

The operation of the tourbillon 1 according to the invention is as follows:

Since the gear wheel 38 of the external rotary frame 11 is driven from the spring-loaded gearwheel X, the external rotation frame 11 can then rotate relative to the axis of the T3. Meanwhile, the gear wheel 34 of the central rotating frame 12 rolls down the outer fixed crown 35, which is held by the lower bridge 10, and may cause the central rotating frame 12 to rotate relative to the axis of the T2. Meanwhile, on the inner fixed crown wheel 26 of the external rotary frame 11, the gear wheel 25 is rolled down by the internal rotating frame 13, which causes the internal rotating frame to rotate relative to the axis of the T1. Since the barrier mechanism 13 is integrated into the internal rotating frame 13, the gear wheel 30 on its barrier roller 28 is in contact with the gear wheel 26A of the central rotating frame 12, so that the entire barrier device 14, i.e. its roller wheel 27, its impeller 28, and the anchor 29 cooperating therewith. it rotates together with the internal rotating frame 13 around the axis T1, swinging the tilting wheel 27.

One of the most important advantages of the present invention is that the structure of the toubillon 1 has been relatively simplified due to the particular arrangement. However, after a long experiment, we had to recognize the essential distinguishing technical measure that the third, i.e., outer frame 11, should be configured to be divided, i.e. its upper 11F should be arranged outside the external fixed crown 35 except for its inner-lower part 11A. which is arranged inside the outer fixed crown wheel 35, as this is the only way we could solve our original objective, namely to make the mechanism structurally simpler and, secondly, to ensure the quality of the gemstone in the middle and outer 12 and 11 rotary frames. Nesting.

Adding the 15-20 bearings as such gemstone bearings, and in particular to the cover cap arrangement for axial shaft termination, has the additional technical effect of providing a surprisingly finely controlled depth of gear engagement in the mechanism at the crown wheel, which is improved in terms of clock accuracy and service life. very important aspect.

By gravity, the imbalances in the block 14 can be eliminated with the tourbillon 1 according to the invention even more easily and completely, and surprisingly accurate adjustment can be achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that the invention is, of course, not limited to the exemplary embodiment illustrated, but can be implemented in many other embodiments and combinations within the scope of the claimed protection. The proposed solution can also be used with similar advantages to two-axis toilets with three axes or possibly three axes to be developed in the future. In addition to the preferred watches, the invention is, of course, applicable to pocket watches or any other hours subject to movement, e.g. utazóórákhoz.

On the basis of our positive experimental experience, it can be reasonably expected that the use of the present invention will allow for the widespread use of quality clock structures with such tourbillon.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS A three-axis tourbillon for a mechanical watch movement, in particular a watch, wherein the tourbillon (1) has a first swivel frame (13) associated with a stop mechanism for controlling the watch movement (14) and is pivotable about a first axis (T1) and the second rotary frame (12) is pivotally mounted on a third rotary frame (11) about a second axis (T2), said third rotary frame (11) being pivotally arranged about a third axis (T3) fixed to the clock structure, wherein the axes (T1) , T2, T3) are perpendicular to each other, and are provided with an outer crown wheel (35) fixed relative to the clock mechanism, which engages a gear (34) driving the second rotary frame (12) and a fixed inner crown wheel (26); with which the gear (25) of the first rotary frame (13) is connected, characterized in that the third rotary frame (11) divides The upper part (11F) is arranged outside the outer crown wheel (35), while the inner crown wheel (26) forming the inner and lower part (11 A) of the third rotary frame (11) is arranged inside the outer crown wheel (35). A three-axis tourbillon according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part (11F) of the third outer rotary frame (11) has a curved frame (37), a drive gear (38) is mounted at its two ends and out of the frame (37). extending upwardly, one of the axle stubs (40) of the outer rotary frame (11) and the other coaxial axial stub (41) of the outer rotary frame (11) are arranged on the inner crown (26) forming the inner lower part (11A). HU 227 321 Β1 The three-axis tourbillon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of the three rotating frames (13, 12, 11) has two bearings (15, 16; 17, 18; 19, 20) with their axis of rotation (T1, T2, T3) pivotally mounted, each of which bearings (15-20) is formed as a gemstone bearing. 4. A three-axis tourbillon according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bearings (15-20) formed as stone bearings have a stone bearing bush (49) made of precious stone, especially ruby stone and 5 adjustable axial bearing orientation stones, preferably made of diamond.