EP1274110A1 - Fusible - Google Patents

Fusible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1274110A1
EP1274110A1 EP01810642A EP01810642A EP1274110A1 EP 1274110 A1 EP1274110 A1 EP 1274110A1 EP 01810642 A EP01810642 A EP 01810642A EP 01810642 A EP01810642 A EP 01810642A EP 1274110 A1 EP1274110 A1 EP 1274110A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
fuse according
range
molded body
intermediate layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01810642A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Kaltenborn
Guido Hoffmann
Mariusz Wilniewczyc
Patrik Huser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP01810642A priority Critical patent/EP1274110A1/fr
Priority to US10/173,328 priority patent/US6710699B2/en
Priority to CA002392170A priority patent/CA2392170A1/fr
Priority to JP2002191954A priority patent/JP2003031105A/ja
Priority to PL02354826A priority patent/PL354826A1/xx
Publication of EP1274110A1 publication Critical patent/EP1274110A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/046—Fuses formed as printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H01H85/10—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with constriction for localised fusing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/18—Casing fillings, e.g. powder
    • H01H85/185—Insulating members for supporting fusible elements inside a casing, e.g. for helically wound fusible elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuse according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuse has two from each other spaced power connections and an active part with a fusible, current-conducting fuse element and with an arc extinguishing agent.
  • the fuse element is electrically conductive with the two power connections connected and is arranged on an electrically insulating substrate.
  • the exposed areas of the fuse element are with arc extinguishing agent covered.
  • Such backup can be in low, middle and High voltage networks are used and can be as strong short circuit currents also interrupt long-lasting weak overcurrents.
  • a fuse of the type mentioned at the outset is, for example, in DE 198 24 851 A1 and US 4,638,283 A.
  • This fuse is a fuse element designed as a wire strip.
  • the wire strip is axially symmetrical executed electrically insulating support body wound. Are in the wire narrowed evenly spaced constrictions. The two The ends of the strip are each connected to one of two power connections Fuse connected.
  • the wound carrier is in one with Arc extinguishing agents, such as quartz sand, filled housing accommodated. If an impermissible current occurs, the wire is connected to the Narrowing by melting or by detonating explosive charges interrupted. Any arcing that occurs is caused by the extinguishing agent suppressed.
  • This backup is relatively complex and can only be done in one Manufacture a large number of work steps.
  • the backup is therefore relatively expensive.
  • at Operation of the fuse reduces the complex structure of the fuse the flow of Heat generated from the operating current in the safety wire to the outside essential. This significantly increases the operating temperature of the fuse. Therefore, the melting temperature of the safety wire is often already then reached when the operating current is still below the permissible current.
  • the arcs occurring at this low current contain only one comparatively low energy, which may not be sufficient to the melting surrounding sand and the current by extinguishing the arcs to interrupt.
  • the object of the invention is as set out in the claims based on creating a backup of the type mentioned, which is characterized by simple construction and and by favorable tripping characteristics.
  • the active part is in the manner of a sandwich formed and has two stable moldings and one between the moldings arranged predominantly flat intermediate layer.
  • the intermediate layer is from Fuse element or at least a portion of the fuse element formed, whereas a first of the two molded bodies at least from a part of the electrically insulating substrate and the second molded body at least from a part of the arc extinguishing agent is formed. Because of this training the active part can now be directly provided with the power connections. On otherwise usual fuse housing can therefore be omitted, because when the fuse according to the invention resulting from arcing Compressed gas is absorbed by the surrounding stable shaped bodies.
  • the flat intermediate layer acting as a securing element is between stable ones Shaped bodies arranged. Therefore, this can be done by mechanical support functions released security element, without relying on mechanical requirements Having to be considerate, practically any training.
  • in the Fuse elements can thus be assembled in current path structures be provided, which the fuse has particularly favorable triggering properties give. Since the securing element is only surrounded by stable molded bodies, can occur in the fuse element during the operation of the fuse Heat can be emitted directly from the active part to the outside. Otherwise usually provided as an arc extinguishing agent, moderately heat-conducting quartz sand and an additional obstruction to the heat flow are at fuse according to the invention is no longer required. Due to the good heat dissipation from the active part and due to the simple and precise assembly of the as Intermediate layer formed fuse element Tripping characteristic of the fuse according to the invention compared to a Securing in conventional design has been significantly improved.
  • the intermediate layer be strip-shaped Safety wire with one molded between the two ends of the strip To train narrowing.
  • the intermediate layer should expediently be modular and at least two of the same type Have modules, each of which is designed as a strip Safety wire included with one between the two strip ends molded constriction.
  • the modules are connected in series Holding voltage of the fuse, by connecting the modules in parallel Current carrying capacity of the fuse according to the invention is increased. Through row and Parallel connection of four and more modules are holding voltage and Current carrying capacity of the fuse increased at the same time.
  • the fuse is characterized by a high mechanical strength when the Safety wire on a flat surface made of ceramic or glass first molded body is applied.
  • the ceramic preferably predominantly contains Aluminum oxide, beryllium oxide or aluminum nitride and the glass predominantly Borosilicate glass, because these materials conduct heat relatively well and so that in Dissipate the safety wire generated heat to the outside.
  • Safety wire can be applied particularly easily to the flat surface.
  • the safety wire is advantageously made by printing a hardenable metal paste on the flat surface of the first molded body and by curing the printed metal paste formed.
  • Such technology is for one Mass production is particularly advantageous and reduces the manufacturing costs of the Backup very essential.
  • This technology also enables production fine wire structures with precisely defined cross-sectional ratios on the Narrowing of the safety wire.
  • Such wire structures are good Tripping characteristic of the fuse according to the invention is essential. additionally should be the one formed by printing and curing the metal paste Safety wire at a slightly below the melting temperature of the metal lying temperature be heat-treated, because then the safety wire high dimensional stability and a very constant electrical conductivity, which properties are essential for a favorable tripping characteristic contribute.
  • a fuse with small dimensions and with an advantageously fast Outflow of heat from the securing element to the outside is achieved when the first molded body is designed as a plate. Is the safety wire on the top and applied to the underside of the plate, so the dimensions of the Fuse can be reduced further. The plate carrying the safety wire is then covered on the top and on the bottom with the second molded body.
  • a particularly compact fuse is achieved if at least one additional further first molded body carrying the safety wire on a flat surface is provided, which with its flat surface on the second molded body is arranged. Are those on the flat surface of the first two moldings arranged fuse wires connected to each other in parallel, so one such a fuse has a particularly high current carrying capacity.
  • the second molded body should be a cross-linked silicone polymer or a mixture contains crosslinked silicone polymers, in which a filler based on a mineral compound or a mixture of several mineral Compounds are embedded in powder form.
  • the fuse according to the invention shows particularly high reliability. Above all, this is a consequence of the fact that the material of the arc extinguishing agent compared to the otherwise Usually used quartz sand melts and at relatively low temperatures then energy from when the fuse according to the invention is triggered Formed switching arcs absorbed, making the arc quickly and is reliably deleted.
  • Particularly suitable fillers are metal oxides, preferably aluminum and / or Titanium oxide, glasses, mica, ceramic particles, boric acid, metal hydroxides, preferably aluminum hydroxide and / or magnesium hydroxide, and / or Mineral substances containing water of hydration, preferably based on Aluminum and / or magnesium oxide and / or magnesium carbonate.
  • the fuse shown in the figures can with rated currents up to 125 A and Rated voltages up to 8.4 kV. As from Figures 1 and 2 can be seen, it has an active part 1 and two connected to the active part Power connections 2, 3.
  • the active part is designed in the manner of a sandwich and has two stable moldings 4 and 5 and one between the two moldings arranged and enclosed by the two shaped bodies intermediate layer 6 made of electrically good conductive material.
  • the molded body 4 is a ceramic or Glass plate with good thermal conductivity, such as preferably as a ceramic plate based on aluminum oxide, beryllium oxide or aluminum nitride or as Glass plate based on borosilicate, executed and supports the viewer facing plan plate side that serving as a securing element Intermediate layer 6.
  • the molded body 5 encloses the molded body 4 with the one on it applied intermediate layer 6 and parts of the power connections 2, 3, which with opposite ends of the intermediate layer electrically conductive are connected.
  • the molded body 5 is designed as a casting and can by Pouring the molded body 4 and the power connections 2, 3 or through Assembling two part bodies 5 shown in FIG. 2 become. In any case, the molded body 5 contains one on the intermediate layer 6 overlying section of arc extinguishing agent.
  • the intermediate layer 6 serving as a securing element is preferably printing, an electrically conductive metal paste, such as on the Base silver or copper, on a flat surface of the ceramic or glass plate 4 and subsequent hardening of the applied paste at temperatures between 80 and 180 ° C.
  • the layer typically has a thickness of a few, for example 2 ⁇ m.
  • the structure of the intermediate layer 6 is subsequently shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 shown.
  • the intermediate layer has a stripe structure.
  • the one with the The reference number 7 marked strips represent safety wires of the Securing element.
  • the strips 7 are arranged in the form of a matrix and aligned along the rows of the matrix.
  • the in the column direction of the matrix Extended ends of the strips 7 are electrically conductive by transverse strips 8 connected with each other. That of the first or last column of the matrix assigned strip 8 is electrically conductive with the power connection 2 or 3 connected.
  • Each matrix element is one of the same assigned to trained modules.
  • one of the modules is outlined shown and marked with the reference number 9.
  • the module runs five in the row direction of the matrix and has strips 7 lying side by side parallel to one another. each other corresponding ends of the strips 7 are by two in the column direction of the matrix guided strips 8 connected to each other.
  • each of the strips 7 can have an operating current of about 5 A. to lead.
  • operating currents of approx. 25 A reached.
  • the Current carrying capacity can be increased.
  • the module 9 is therefore also modular.
  • each strip 7 has a modular structure. As can be seen from Fig. 4, it has six equally spaced from one another in the direction of the strip Constrictions 10 on. Each strip section comprising such a constriction 10 also represents a module. One of these modules is outlined in FIG and marked with the reference number 11. An even one Current distribution at the constriction 10 is achieved if the constriction 10 is equally far is arranged away from the two side edges of the strip 7. The bottleneck is then of two mirror-symmetrical material recesses limited. Alternatively, the constriction can also be on one of the edges of the Strip be arranged. The constriction is then only one Material recess is limited, which extends from the other edge to the constriction extends.
  • the profile of the material recess is in Area of the constriction is circularly rounded, but can also be three or be rectangular. Since the fuse wires 7 each in printing technology are produced, the cross sections of the strip 7 at the narrow point 10 and can be set very precisely in the unrestricted strip area. It is such a very narrow temperature range, in which the strip 7 at the narrow point 10 melts. Because all constrictions in this narrow temperature range melting, becomes a particularly favorable tripping characteristic of the fuse reached. Commonly used additives for simultaneous blasting all bottlenecks can generally be omitted.
  • the modules 11, each containing a constriction 10 are connected in series Holding voltage of the fuse multiplied after the response. typically, can hold a voltage of 200 V at a melted constriction 10 become.
  • the molded body 5 contains a crosslinked silicone polymer or a mixture cross-linked silicone polymers, in which a filler based on a mineral compound or a mixture of several mineral Compounds are embedded in powder form. Compared to that otherwise Usually, arc extinguishing material used in fuses melts sand this material at relatively low temperatures and eludes the arcs energy very quickly, which ensures safe triggering. It it is advisable to use a primer on the molded body 4 and on the molded body 5 Intermediate layer 6 to be attached, since oxidation and corrosion influences the Intermediate layer and unwanted gap formation can be largely avoided.
  • the modules can be assembled and be interconnected.
  • the sandwich structure of the active part 1 can next to the described plate 4 and the on one of the two sides of the plate Intermediate layer 6 applied securing element and the enveloping pressure-resistant elastomeric molded body 5 also two on the top and bottom of the Plate arranged, parallel to each other or - with additional electrical insulation - optionally also have intermediate layers connected in series. It two or more, each carrying one or two intermediate layers, plates stacked one above the other can be provided, which are separated from one another by Sections or partial bodies of the second containing arc extinguishing agent Shaped body are spaced apart. When making the fuse is Above all, it should be noted that the exposed areas of the Intermediate layers are separated from each other by arc extinguishing agents.
  • the molded body 4 need not necessarily be formed as a plate and in the molded body 5 to be encapsulated. It is sufficient if only the die Intermediate layer 6 carrying flat side of the molded body 4 with material of the Shaped body 5 is covered.
  • the other side of the molded body 4 facing away can must be open and does not necessarily have to be flat. she can for example, have heat dissipating cooling fins.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)
EP01810642A 2001-07-02 2001-07-02 Fusible Withdrawn EP1274110A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01810642A EP1274110A1 (fr) 2001-07-02 2001-07-02 Fusible
US10/173,328 US6710699B2 (en) 2001-07-02 2002-06-18 Fusible link
CA002392170A CA2392170A1 (fr) 2001-07-02 2002-06-28 Thermofusible
JP2002191954A JP2003031105A (ja) 2001-07-02 2002-07-01 ヒューズ
PL02354826A PL354826A1 (en) 2001-07-02 2002-07-01 Fusible cut-out

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01810642A EP1274110A1 (fr) 2001-07-02 2001-07-02 Fusible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1274110A1 true EP1274110A1 (fr) 2003-01-08

Family

ID=8183999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01810642A Withdrawn EP1274110A1 (fr) 2001-07-02 2001-07-02 Fusible

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6710699B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1274110A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003031105A (fr)
CA (1) CA2392170A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL354826A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2401127A1 (fr) * 2009-02-27 2012-01-04 CeramTec GmbH Élément de sécurité électrique

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7385475B2 (en) * 2002-01-10 2008-06-10 Cooper Technologies Company Low resistance polymer matrix fuse apparatus and method
US20050127475A1 (en) * 2003-12-03 2005-06-16 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus and method for electronic fuse with improved esd tolerance
US7106164B2 (en) * 2003-12-03 2006-09-12 International Business Machines Corporation Apparatus and method for electronic fuse with improved ESD tolerance
JP4998890B2 (ja) * 2008-02-12 2012-08-15 国立大学法人埼玉大学 ヒューズエレメント及びヒューズ
US8179224B2 (en) * 2008-04-17 2012-05-15 Chun-Chang Yen Overcurrent protection structure and method and apparatus for making the same
US8525633B2 (en) * 2008-04-21 2013-09-03 Littelfuse, Inc. Fusible substrate
US8081057B2 (en) * 2009-05-14 2011-12-20 Hung-Chih Chiu Current protection device and the method for forming the same
EP2408277B1 (fr) * 2010-07-16 2016-02-17 Schurter AG Élément fusible
JP5765530B2 (ja) * 2011-04-22 2015-08-19 双信電機株式会社 電力用ヒューズ
EP2573790A1 (fr) * 2011-09-26 2013-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Élément de fusible
US20150357144A1 (en) * 2014-06-04 2015-12-10 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Fuse assembly
JP6707428B2 (ja) * 2016-09-16 2020-06-10 デクセリアルズ株式会社 ヒューズエレメント、ヒューズ素子、保護素子
US11688577B2 (en) * 2017-06-30 2023-06-27 Xiamen Set Electronics Co., Ltd High-voltage direct-current thermal fuse
CN206976273U (zh) * 2017-06-30 2018-02-06 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 一种高压直流热熔断器
US10325745B2 (en) * 2017-09-25 2019-06-18 Littelfuse, Inc. Multiple element fuse
CN209434140U (zh) 2019-03-20 2019-09-24 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 温度保险丝
US11532452B2 (en) * 2021-03-25 2022-12-20 Littelfuse, Inc. Protection device with laser trimmed fusible element

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US3929660A (en) * 1973-05-29 1975-12-30 Square D Co Arc-extinguishing materials
GB2110485A (en) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-15 Dorman Smith Fuses Fuse
WO1989008925A1 (fr) * 1988-03-09 1989-09-21 Cooper Industries, Inc. Microfusibles a pellicule metallo-oragnique et procede de frabication
DE4416093A1 (de) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-03 Koa K K Überstromschutzgerät sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US5453726A (en) * 1993-12-29 1995-09-26 Aem (Holdings), Inc. High reliability thick film surface mount fuse assembly
US5479147A (en) * 1993-11-04 1995-12-26 Mepcopal Company High voltage thick film fuse assembly
GB2297003A (en) * 1995-01-14 1996-07-17 Cooper Ind Inc Fuse assemblies
US6034589A (en) * 1998-12-17 2000-03-07 Aem, Inc. Multi-layer and multi-element monolithic surface mount fuse and method of making the same

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US4638283A (en) 1985-11-19 1987-01-20 General Electric Company Exothermically assisted electric fuse
JPH0831303B2 (ja) * 1986-12-01 1996-03-27 オムロン株式会社 チツプ型ヒユ−ズ
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JPH0636675A (ja) * 1992-07-14 1994-02-10 Koa Corp ヒユーズ抵抗器およびその製造方法
JPH06150802A (ja) * 1992-11-12 1994-05-31 Kamaya Denki Kk チップ型ヒューズ抵抗器
DE4338539A1 (de) * 1993-11-11 1995-05-18 Hoechst Ceram Tec Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen von keramischen Heizelementen
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US5699032A (en) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-16 Littelfuse, Inc. Surface-mount fuse having a substrate with surfaces and a metal strip attached to the substrate using layer of adhesive material
US5914649A (en) * 1997-03-28 1999-06-22 Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. Chip fuse and process for production thereof
DE19824851A1 (de) 1998-06-04 1999-12-09 Abb Research Ltd Sicherung
EP1162640A1 (fr) 2000-06-07 2001-12-12 Abb Research Ltd. Matière d'extinction d'arc

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3929660A (en) * 1973-05-29 1975-12-30 Square D Co Arc-extinguishing materials
GB2110485A (en) * 1981-11-27 1983-06-15 Dorman Smith Fuses Fuse
WO1989008925A1 (fr) * 1988-03-09 1989-09-21 Cooper Industries, Inc. Microfusibles a pellicule metallo-oragnique et procede de frabication
DE4416093A1 (de) * 1993-04-30 1994-11-03 Koa K K Überstromschutzgerät sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US5479147A (en) * 1993-11-04 1995-12-26 Mepcopal Company High voltage thick film fuse assembly
US5453726A (en) * 1993-12-29 1995-09-26 Aem (Holdings), Inc. High reliability thick film surface mount fuse assembly
GB2297003A (en) * 1995-01-14 1996-07-17 Cooper Ind Inc Fuse assemblies
US6034589A (en) * 1998-12-17 2000-03-07 Aem, Inc. Multi-layer and multi-element monolithic surface mount fuse and method of making the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2401127A1 (fr) * 2009-02-27 2012-01-04 CeramTec GmbH Élément de sécurité électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030001716A1 (en) 2003-01-02
JP2003031105A (ja) 2003-01-31
CA2392170A1 (fr) 2003-01-02
PL354826A1 (en) 2003-01-13
US6710699B2 (en) 2004-03-23

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