EP2188876B1 - Dispositif de commutation de limitation des dommages - Google Patents
Dispositif de commutation de limitation des dommages Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2188876B1 EP2188876B1 EP08803906A EP08803906A EP2188876B1 EP 2188876 B1 EP2188876 B1 EP 2188876B1 EP 08803906 A EP08803906 A EP 08803906A EP 08803906 A EP08803906 A EP 08803906A EP 2188876 B1 EP2188876 B1 EP 2188876B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- varistor
- switching element
- surge arrester
- switching
- damage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
- H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
- H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a damage-limiting switching device for varistors or the like surge, comprising a first movable, conductive or conductive sections exhibiting switching element, which is held under mechanical bias standing by a fixing device, wherein the fixing releases when heated, the first switching element, so that this the surge arrester Bridged, connects or disconnects at least one of the terminal contacts, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Surge arresters based on varistors generally have an internal disconnecting device in the low-voltage range.
- This internal separating device usually consists of a combination of a thermal separating device and a predetermined breaking point or predetermined breaking point for high currents.
- a predetermined breaking point can be formed as a defined constriction of the connection cross section of the varistor and has a certain melting integral value (I 2 t value). With high pulse currents to be derived, this bottleneck melts. The movable connector is then disconnected and removed from the varistor as a result of bias and thereby isolated from the mains.
- Such separation devices are for example in the DE 42 41 311 A1 or in the DE 38 05 889 A1 shown.
- the thermal separation function is often realized in these prior art documents by a solder connection between the varistor and a movable, spring-loaded connector.
- the DE 36 06 287 A1 shows a surge arrester with varistors, which with its associated overcurrent or over-temperature protection is cast in a common block of a thermally insulating material.
- This measure is used to increase the resistance of the entire arrester, especially in a Varistorzerin due to a stress above its load limit.
- the Vergussdorfddling should lead in particular to increased fire resistance.
- the protective devices By pouring the protective devices, the entire device is protected even with an overload of these devices.
- the arrester has after DE 36 06 287 no separating device with a spring-loaded movable connection piece, which realizes a separation point in case of overload.
- the local state of the art is thus characterized by a purely passive protective measure, which is achieved as a result of an insulating damming.
- thermally sensitive element is normally insulating and, after sufficient heat input, can change its state of aggregation from solid to liquid or lose its insulating properties.
- the thermal separation device Upon gradual heating of a varistor, e.g. due to aging or a slight increase in voltage, the thermal separation device usually responds after several seconds.
- the core element of such a thermal separation device is usually a solder, which melts, whereby the spring force separating device opens.
- the varistor has in this case of error still a very high resistance, whereby the current through the varistor is severely limited.
- the disconnect device is generally capable of easily interrupting these currents, thereby disconnecting the overloaded arrester from the mains without the need for or requiring further overcurrent protection.
- the power supply to the consumer is not interrupted or disturbed. All that needs to be done is to replace the defective surge arrester during maintenance.
- the thermal separation device as explained above, lead to a delayed separation or it reaches the melting integral value of the bottleneck, causing it melts and the arrester safely from the grid separates.
- the object of the invention is achieved by a damage-limiting switching device for varistors, or the like overvoltage drawer according to the combination of features according to claim 1 and a method for operating such a switching device according to the teaching of claim 4, wherein the dependent claims represent at least useful embodiments and developments.
- the operating principle is to switch in the tripped state a short-circuit path in a parallel path to the defective arrester, so that the original current commutated as a short-circuit current in the parallel path.
- the short-circuiting device has the shortest possible delay time, so that an undesirable destruction of the surge arrester can be avoided or the damage due to arcing can be limited.
- surge arresters for example varistors in particular, have areas of different heating due to the installation situation, the material structure, the geometry and the contacting of the connection surfaces and the current distribution. Accordingly, according to the given conditions, the point or the region of the strongest heating is to be selected for the positioning of a thermally sensitive part, in particular the fixing device according to the invention.
- the fixing device ie the thermally sensitive part, is also over have the lowest possible heat capacity and have a low heat dissipation.
- a thermally sensitive part is attached as a fixing device on the area of the most intense heating varistor.
- the fixing device itself has a low heat capacity.
- Waxes, adhesives, solders or suitable materials with a melting point or a softening temperature just above the usual operating temperature of the surge arrester are suitable for connection to the surge arrester. These materials then either directly or in connection with spacers hold the actually movable part of the short-circuiting device or the separating device.
- the switching device which is designed for example as a short-circuiting device, to be arranged in a region of an additional housing of the surge arrester, said enclosure collects or bundles in the event of a resulting arc temperature and / or gas effects of the arc. That is, the resulting hot gas, which is present in the event of damage, is predominantly and directly passed to the fixing device and to the thermally sensitive area provided there.
- the surge arrester is completely enclosed except for the area of contact of the temperature-sensitive material.
- the hot gas or plasma can be led to a chimney-like channel, in which e.g. a wire or a thread of the fixing device is located or receives a part of a surge arrester terminal.
- This second switching element may consist of two at least one side conductive plates, wherein the conductive plate sides are opposite.
- the conductive plates are arranged so that they are fixed while maintaining a separation distance, wherein the desired switching function, in particular a short circuit can be triggered by pressure on at least one of the plates while overcoming the separation distance.
- a disk-shaped, encapsulated varistor is used, in particular, as a surge arrester, the plate arrangement being arranged adjacent to the varistor in such a way that overload-induced expansion, which is selectively oriented by the encapsulation, acts on the plate arrangement in order to effect the switching operation.
- the aim is to provide an additional protection device in addition to the usual thermal separation device, which ensures at high overloads, in which the thermal separation device can not protect the varistor from destruction, for defined and non-critical conditions.
- the thermal separation device can not protect the varistor from destruction, for defined and non-critical conditions.
- the pressure development for the short circuit can additionally be used.
- the pressure e.g. in the form of a piston system, directly on the short-circuit contact.
- the mechanical strength of the holding system (contact point and strength of the wire) is already overloaded at relatively low pressures.
- the surge arrester connection extending into the channel or located there has a low erosion resistance. Furthermore, the surge arrester connection which extends into the channel or is located there can have a bottleneck, for example formed as a geometric bottleneck.
- the further surge arrester connection is designed so that it burns off and is predominantly located inside the erosion-resistant and pressure-resistant housing.
- the surge arrester is provided with a separate, erosion-resistant encapsulation for operating the switching device to collect in the event of damage resulting waste heat of the resulting arc, the heat energy collected is concentrated supplied to a switching element in the form of said separation device or a short-circuiting for actuating the same.
- the surge arrester in particular varistor, is encapsulated separately such that the resulting waste heat of the arc and / or the burnup as a result of the arc can be used for the actuation of the separating device or of the short-circuiting device.
- an arc arises in the immediate vicinity of the varistor, which is known to be connected to a hot plasma.
- This arc causes a burn-off at the connection elements, e.g. metallic contact plates or the leads to the varistor.
- a varistor is almost completely surrounded by an erosion-resistant and pressure-resistant enclosure or partition.
- the varistor connections are developed differently.
- a first varistor connection is predominantly provided with additional insulation, as a result of which a foot point or an extension of the arc into this area can be largely prevented. This avoids that the housing of the varistor is destroyed in this area of the Varistoran gleiches.
- too related Varistoran gleichblech be reinforced or deposited with a separate, additional, contacted or not contacted, preferably erosion-resistant material. As a result, it is avoided, as stated, that the arc can spread uncontrollably into this connection region.
- the other, usually opposite port, however, is minimal or not isolated at all and leads directly to the separation device.
- the enclosure has immediately around this further connection a recess or a channel that is designed like a fireplace. This causes the arc to find a footing in this area unhindered. The resulting hot gas is directed to the uninsulated port and thus to the separator.
- the arrangement is designed so that the current forces drive the arc in the direction of this connection.
- the switching element is designed as a short-circuiter.
- the short-circuiting device comprises a movable contact piece 1 and two separate opposing contact pieces 2.
- the short-circuit release movement is symbolized by the arrow representations with regard to the movable contact piece 1.
- the movable contact piece 1 can be formed as a lid, wherein a bellows 3 can be provided, which closes the space below the lid designed as a movable contact piece 1 almost tight.
- the lid is then virtually inverted with lateral overhangs over a chimney 4 and it is created a piston which responds to the pressure effect of the arc 5.
- the wire 6 does not have to be formed as an electrode. However, it is of advantage that the wire 6 is afflicted with potential when needed, so For the arc to represent a lucrative way, so that the wire can be burned by the action of the arc and thus releases the actual short circuiter.
- the wire is not necessarily to be regarded as a power supply to the varistor and is also not in the main current path.
- the reference numeral 10 symbolizes the arrangement of the temperature-sensitive material for fastening the wire 6.
- a flameproof and Abbrandfeste housing 12 is formed, which leads to the aforementioned fireplace 4.
- a housing 12 which surrounds the varistor 11 erosion and pressure-tight.
- the first varistor terminal 7 is also there with a erosion-resistant contact plate 8 in connection.
- the second varistor terminal 9 is not or only slightly insulated and leads directly to the separation device 13.
- the housing 12 of the varistor 11 leads to the recess or the chimney 4, so that the arc 5 can find a foot in this area unhindered.
- the entire hot gas 14, which arises within the housing 12, to the second varistor terminal 9 and thus to Separating device 13 passed.
- the arrangement is designed so that the current forces drive the arc 5 in the direction of the terminal 9.
- the first varistor terminal 7 is provided with additional insulation, so that a foot point or an extension of the arc into this area can be largely prevented. This prevents that the housing 12 of the varistor 11 is destroyed in this area. For this reason, the Varistoran gleichblech can be reinforced by the abbrandfeste contact plate mentioned. It is also possible to make a deposit here with a erosion-resistant material. This also ensures that the arc 5 can not spread uncontrollably in this area.
- the varistor can be provided with a defined weak point or substrate interference, which leads to a preferred point of breakdown or flashover.
- the Varistoran gleichblech but can also provide preferred attachment points for the arc, which are due to the current forces, the insulation or the electric field strength used.
- the design of the connection section makes it possible to form the heat distribution and / or the current distribution of the varistor in such a way that a preferred path for the breakdown of the varistor is formed.
- the energy that arises in the event of damage in the area around the varistor 11 thus specifically supports the function of the separation device 13.
- the heat is thus the bottleneck 15 of the separation device, but also not shown Lotstelle the separation device 13 available, whereby their melting is accelerated ,
- Both the movable part of the separating device and the fixed varistor terminal 9 may be made of bimetal or similar materials Be produced effects, whereby when heating an additional force for separation is available.
- the constriction 15 of the separation strip was integrated directly into the varistor connection 9 and moved into the chimney 4 of the enclosure.
- the direct arc erosion for the separation of the bottleneck can be used in a very effective manner. This measure can also be assisted by making the bottleneck area attractive for the choice of material, geometry or passivation of other areas for the arc root.
- the housing also causes a limitation of the damage within the arrester 11th
- the varistor is encapsulated so pressure and erosion resistant that the resulting heat in case of failure can act directly on the separation device, a short-circuit device and / or a telecommunications contact.
- the encapsulation has a chimney-like recess into which parts of the separating device or the fixing device extend.
- the varistor has a connection, which is designed so that it can burn off, with the separating device or the fixing device being located on the opposite side with respect to this connection.
- the varistor has a terminal, which has an extremely low erosion resistance to the arc. This connection is made on or near the separator or it is part of it.
- the erosion-resistant and pressure-resistant casing of the arrester is capable of directing the arc root point to the bottleneck and / or to the thermal separation point of the separating device.
- the aforementioned bottleneck is located either in the movable conductor piece of the separation device or directly in the over one Lotstelle connected to the separation device connection part of the arrester.
- a second, the surge arrester parallel lying switching element is additionally provided which can be activated by pressure actuation.
- a series connection of a varistor 11 is shown with a thermally coupled separation device.
- the varistor 11 is located in a special encapsulation 16.
- This encapsulation 16 can extend in a preferred direction, under pressure P.
- the terminals of the varistor 11 lead to a second switching element 17, in such a manner that upon actuation of the second switching element 17, the varistor 11 bridges, ie is short-circuited.
- the realized with the second switching element 17 short-circuiter is actuated via the pressure P.
- the encapsulation 16 of the varistor 11 is, as already indicated, designed so that at a pressure build-up primarily an actuation of the switch or the second switching element 17 can be carried out.
- a conventional disc-shaped varistor 11 has two terminals 11a and 11b. These terminals 11a and 11b are preferably designed as terminal lugs.
- the varistor 11 is installed in a base body 18 of a male part in a conventional manner.
- Fig. 4 is formed on the back of the varistor 11, the already described thermal separation device.
- the disc-shaped varistor 11 is laterally enclosed by a sealing frame 19 and closed by a flexible or flexible sealing plate 20 on the front side.
- the second switching element 17 is in the embodiment of the 4 to 6 formed by a pressure-controlled switch.
- This pressure-controlled switch comprises a first conductive plate 21 and a second conductive plate 22.
- an insulating frame 24 is located, which keeps the opposite plate surfaces at a distance corresponding to the desired separation distance.
- the sealing plate 20 expands, i. There is a bulge here. Result of this bulge or deflection is then a reduction in the distance between the conductive plates 21 and 22, until they finally come into contact, whereby the desired switching operation (short circuit) is triggered.
- the distance between the conductive plates 21 and 22 is chosen so large that at the maximum allowable load (allowable operating voltage or maximum allowable pulse current load of the varistor) does not use an automatic discharge between the plates.
- the plate 21 is designed as a thin, flexible plate. Due to the short circuit, which is generated in the event of overload with the aid of the two plates 21 and 22, an arc generated in the enclosure is extinguished and a possible external damage is prevented. The resulting short-circuit current is interrupted either by an upstream overcurrent protection device of the varistor or the network or else by the mentioned thermal separation device of the varistor.
- the plates 21 and 22 can also be embodied as a conductive foil or a foil coated on one side. It is also possible to combine the flexible pressure plate 20 with the conductive plate 21 as a conductive foil. With sufficient protective insulation of the varistor 11, the flexible sealing plate 20, which acts as an insulating part, may also be dispensed with. Likewise, a compact design of the modules 19, 20 and 21 in the sense of a one-piece part is possible if it is ensured sufficient insulation.
- Fig. 5 illustrates how the varistor with encapsulation comprising the parts 19 and 20 was mounted in the base body 18.
- the parts 21, 22 and 24 form a likewise prefabricatable assembly, namely the second switching element 17.
- This prefabricated assembly is then inserted into the base body 18.
- the result is the assembly, as in Fig. 6 shown, which is then completed with a protective cap 25, so that a finished plug-in module is formed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Transmitters (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Dispositif commutateur à limitation d'endommagement pour varistor (11) ou dérivateur de surtensions similaire, comprenant un premier élément commutateur mobile conducteur ou présentant des tronçons conducteurs, qui est maintenu par un dispositif de fixation sous précontrainte mécanique, dans lequel le dispositif de fixation libère lors d'un échauffement le premier élément commutateur de sorte que celui-ci court-circuite ou connecte les contacts de raccordement du dérivateur de surtensions, ou sépare l'un au moins des contacts de raccordement, et à cet effet le dispositif de fixation est agencé directement contre ou sur le dérivateur de surtensions à un emplacement présentant le plus fort échauffement prévisible en cas de surcharge et dispose d'une capacité thermique minimisée,
caractérisé en ce que
le dispositif de fixation se trouve dans la région d'un boîtier additionnel (16) réfractaire et stable vis-à-vis de la pression, du varistor (11), le boîtier (16) collectant ou focalisant les effets de température et/ou les effets gazeux de l'arc électrique, dans le cas de l'apparition d'un arc électrique, et il est en outre prévu un second élément commutateur (17) disposé en parallèle au dérivateur de surtensions, qui est activé sous un actionnement en pression (P). - Dispositif commutateur selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que le second élément commutateur (17) est constitué de deux plaques (21, 22) conductrices sur au moins un côté; mutuellement opposées en respectant une distance de séparation, et par action de la pression (P) sur l'une au moins des plaques (21) en surmontant la distance de séparation, la fonction de commutation peut être déclenchée. - Dispositif commutateur selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé en ce que le dérivateur de surtension est réalisé sous forme d'un varistor (11) encapsulé en forme de disque, l'agencement des plaques (21, 22) est agencé au voisinage du varistor (11) de telle façon qu'un allongement, provoqué par une surcharge et orienté de façon
ciblée par l'encapsulage, agit sur l'agencement des plaques afin de déclencher l'opération de commutation, en particulier de mettre en court-circuit le varistor (11). - Procédé pour le fonctionnement d'un dispositif commutateur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que le dérivateur de surtensions est pourvu d'un encapsulage réfractaire séparé afin de collecter la chaleur dissipée qui se produit en cas d'endommagement du fait de l'arc lumineux résultant, et l'énergie thermique recueillie est transférée de façon concentrée au second élément commutateur, sous la forme d'un dispositif de coupure ou d'un dispositif à court-circuit, pour l'actionnement de ce dernier.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL08803906T PL2188876T3 (pl) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-09-09 | Urządzenie przełączające ograniczające uszkodzenia |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007042989A DE102007042989A1 (de) | 2007-05-29 | 2007-09-10 | Kurzschließeinrichtung für Überspannungsableiter |
DE102008038963A DE102008038963A1 (de) | 2008-08-13 | 2008-08-13 | Schadensbegrenzende Schalteinrichtung für Überspannungsableiter wie Varistoren, Funkenstrecken oder dergleichen Mittel |
PCT/EP2008/061938 WO2009034081A1 (fr) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-09-09 | Dispositif de commutation de limitation des dommages pour des parasurtenseurs tels que des varistances, des parafoudres ou des moyens équivalents |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2188876A1 EP2188876A1 (fr) | 2010-05-26 |
EP2188876B1 true EP2188876B1 (fr) | 2012-03-07 |
Family
ID=40085666
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08803906A Not-in-force EP2188876B1 (fr) | 2007-09-10 | 2008-09-09 | Dispositif de commutation de limitation des dommages |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2188876B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101836340B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE548786T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102008038963A1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2188876T3 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2010110463A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009034081A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016034426A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-10 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Ensemble de déconnexion de réseau fiable de dispositifs de protection contre des surtensions, en particulier de varistances, en présence de surtensions temporaires |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009048045B4 (de) * | 2009-10-02 | 2011-06-01 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Überspannungsschutzelement |
DE102011001977C5 (de) * | 2011-04-12 | 2015-12-03 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Zweistufige Abschaltvorrichtung für einen Varistor |
DE102012002962A1 (de) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-22 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Kurzschließeinrichtung zum Sach- und Personenschutz in elektrischen Systemen |
DE202014002496U1 (de) | 2014-03-20 | 2014-04-17 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Überspannungsschutzeinrichtung, umfassend mindestens einen Überspannungsableiter und eine dem Überspannungsableiter parallel geschaltete, thermisch auslösbare, federvorgespannte Kurzschliessschalteinrichtung |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2634479A1 (de) * | 1976-07-31 | 1978-02-02 | Schiederwerk Schieder Kg K | Varistor mit schutzvorrichtung gegen thermische ueberlastung |
DE3318588A1 (de) * | 1983-05-21 | 1984-11-22 | Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim | Varistorsicherungselement |
DE3606287A1 (de) | 1986-02-27 | 1987-09-03 | Dehn & Soehne | Ueberspannungsschutzanordnung |
DE3632224A1 (de) | 1986-09-23 | 1988-04-07 | Bettermann Obo Ohg | Vorrichtung zur ueberwachung von in einen stromkreis integrierten varistoren |
DE3734214A1 (de) | 1987-10-09 | 1989-04-20 | Dehn & Soehne | Anordnung zur abschaltung eines varistors |
DE3805890C2 (de) | 1987-10-24 | 1995-11-23 | Bettermann Obo Ohg | Vorrichtung zur Funktionsüberwachung von Überspannungsableitern |
JPH03252074A (ja) * | 1990-03-01 | 1991-11-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電気機器の切り離し装置 |
DE4241311C2 (de) | 1992-12-08 | 1995-06-08 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co | Temperaturschalter mit einem Bausteingehäuse |
FR2756673B1 (fr) * | 1996-11-29 | 2003-05-30 | Soule Materiel Electr | Dispositif de protection pour lignes telephoniques |
US6304166B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2001-10-16 | Harris Ireland Development Company, Ltd. | Low profile mount for metal oxide varistor package and method |
-
2008
- 2008-08-13 DE DE102008038963A patent/DE102008038963A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-09-09 CN CN200880112569.XA patent/CN101836340B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-09-09 PL PL08803906T patent/PL2188876T3/pl unknown
- 2008-09-09 EP EP08803906A patent/EP2188876B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-09-09 RU RU2010110463/07A patent/RU2010110463A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-09-09 WO PCT/EP2008/061938 patent/WO2009034081A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2008-09-09 AT AT08803906T patent/ATE548786T1/de active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016034426A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-10 | Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg | Ensemble de déconnexion de réseau fiable de dispositifs de protection contre des surtensions, en particulier de varistances, en présence de surtensions temporaires |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2188876T3 (pl) | 2012-08-31 |
WO2009034081A1 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
EP2188876A1 (fr) | 2010-05-26 |
RU2010110463A (ru) | 2011-10-20 |
ATE548786T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
DE102008038963A1 (de) | 2010-02-18 |
CN101836340A (zh) | 2010-09-15 |
CN101836340B (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20100317 |
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