EP1272806B1 - Fragmentation warhead for combat against technical targets - Google Patents

Fragmentation warhead for combat against technical targets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1272806B1
EP1272806B1 EP01919431A EP01919431A EP1272806B1 EP 1272806 B1 EP1272806 B1 EP 1272806B1 EP 01919431 A EP01919431 A EP 01919431A EP 01919431 A EP01919431 A EP 01919431A EP 1272806 B1 EP1272806 B1 EP 1272806B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fragment
explosive charge
fragmentation warhead
forming casing
warhead according
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EP01919431A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1272806A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Arnold
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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TDW Gesellschaft fuer Verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0838Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
    • F42C19/0842Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed within a warhead, for multiple mode selection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42BEXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42CAMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/095Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fragmentation warhead for controlling technical objectives with only one circumferential and the explosive charge surrounding fragment-forming shell, which is removable with the aid of the warhead arranged means.
  • a fragmentation warhead according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 19629389C1.
  • a fragmentation warhead usually acts radially to its main axis, the achievable effect depends on the type of fragments produced.
  • FR 2685077 A1 describes a warhead in which two splinter-forming casings, which are either identically or differently pre-scored, are arranged one inside the other around the explosive charge.
  • Drive means are provided which allow a controlled movement of the two shells against each other, so that due to the displacement of the notches against each other when the charge is triggered, an adjustable size distribution of the splitter can be achieved.
  • a shift of one of the cases on the Explosive charge itself is not intended and is in the sense of the underlying task also not desired.
  • a suggestion for the reduction of performance in general and beyond also for the direction-dependent reduction in benefits is not given.
  • the particular advantage of the invention is that after the displacement or rotation of at least part of the fragment-forming shell of the warhead there eliminates the splinter effect.
  • undamaged areas of explosive charges decompose at the beginning of the reaction due to the forming gases and pressures faster and thus at least there can no longer go into a detonation.
  • the splitter power in the target direction can be increased and at the same time the remaining blast power in the collateral direction can be reduced.
  • Fig. 1 shows a simplified simplified section through the explosive charge 1 of a warhead.
  • the explosive charge is homogeneous or stratified from a known explosive and is detonatively initiated via a conventional ignition chain 2, which is executed in two stages in the embodiment and is arranged in the drawing on the right front side.
  • the explosive charge 1 is surrounded by a thin sheath 6 made of metal or plastic.
  • a circumferential splinter-forming shell 4 is provided, which can be slid or rotated by means of a drive not shown sliding on the jacket 6.
  • the shell decomposes depending on their design in the detonation of the explosive charge into smaller, medium or larger splinters, which are radially accelerated.
  • the entire charge is detonatively converted and the entire sheath 4 will become effective as a radially spreading splitter cloud.
  • the effect of the controlled power control of fragmentation according to the invention can be used.
  • the fragment-forming casing 4 is displaced completely or partially prior to initiation by the ignition chain 2. This limits the producible fragment quantity to that part of the casing 4 which directly surrounds the explosive charge 1.
  • the ignition chain 2 is directed opposite to another deflagrative ignition chain 3 on the opposite end face of the explosive charge 1.
  • a fragmentary or projectile-forming charge acting in the axial direction e.g., one or more small shaped charges
  • the portion of the explosive charge 1 which is influenced, for example, by the spike of the shaped charge 3 is mechanically disassembled or worn down only to the extent that it no longer detonatively reacts, even in the event of subsequent detonative initiation by the ignition chain 2.
  • the generated detonation or effect fronts converge towards each other and meet approximately in the middle of the explosive charge 1 in the dashed line shown 5.
  • the right part of the explosive charge 1 is implemented detonatively.
  • the left part is detonatively ineffective due to the effect of shaped charge 3.
  • the fragment-producing shell 4 can be displaced or twisted relative to the explosive charge in such a way that a proportion of the fragment-forming shell selectable between 0 and 100% becomes effective.
  • the fragment-forming casing 4 is displaced so far that only the portion of the fragment-forming casing 4 located above the detonatively converted portion of the explosive charge (on the right of the dashed line 5) remains effective.
  • the deflagrative degrading or mechanically demountable part of the explosive charge is supported here, as it can be easily removed mechanically uninsulated and also does not tend to go into a detonative implementation.
  • the displacement of the shatter-forming sheath 4 in the embodiment can at different times and by means of different drive means respectively. It is conceivable, for example, manually execute a corresponding preset before the start of the warhead carrying aircraft. During the flight to the destination, the displacement can be performed, for example, by means of a biased spring device to the desired degree of displacement. If the displacement is to be performed only near the target, it is possible to use a motor drive, in particular an electric motor or stepping motor. For very fast movement of the fragment-forming shell are pyrotechnic drives such as gas generators, propellant charges or detonatively implemented explosive charges.
  • the homogeneous charge 1 is equipped only with a detonating ignition chain 2. In extreme cases, only one sector of the shell is left over the explosive charge, whereby the fragmentation is limited to a narrow angle range.
  • the detonating detonating chain 2 is replaced by a securing device 2a.
  • ignition circuits 2 b each having its own ignition chains 2 c, consisting of a detonator and an ignition amplifier, are assigned to the partial areas of the explosive charge 1. In this way, the splitter performance increases in the target direction and it simultaneously reduces the remaining blast performance in the collateral direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Splittergefechtskopf zur Bekämpfung technischer Ziele mit nur einer umlaufenden und die Sprengladung umgebenden splitterbildenden Hülle, welche mit Hilfe am Gefechtskopf angeordneter Mittel entfernbar ist. Ein solcher Splittergefechtskopf gemäβ dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der DE 19629389C1 bekannt.The invention relates to a fragmentation warhead for controlling technical objectives with only one circumferential and the explosive charge surrounding fragment-forming shell, which is removable with the aid of the warhead arranged means. Such a fragmentation warhead according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 19629389C1.

Das Einsatzfeld heutiger Gefechtsköpfe verändert sich zunehmend. Es werden immer öfter Ziele in urbaner Umgebung ausgewählt, um die gegnerische Infrastruktur zu schwächen. Diese Ziele zeichnen sich durch extreme Nähe zu zivilen und anderen Einrichtungen aus, die nicht oder nur wenig beschädigt werden sollen. Da die bevorzugte Wirkrichtung bauartbedingt vorgegeben ist, bleibt als Möglichkeit zur Reduzierung der Schäden in der Zielumgebung zunächst nur die Beeinflussung der Leistung des Gefechtskopfes. Ein Splittergefechtskopf wirkt üblicherweise radial zu seiner Hauptachse, die erzielbare Wirkung hängt von der Art der erzeugten Splitter ab.The field of action of today's warheads is changing increasingly. Destinations in urban environments are increasingly being chosen to weaken the enemy infrastructure. These goals are characterized by extreme proximity to civilian and other facilities that are not or only slightly damaged. Since the preferred effective direction is predetermined by design, the only option at first to influence the performance of the warhead is to reduce the damage in the target environment. A fragmentation warhead usually acts radially to its main axis, the achievable effect depends on the type of fragments produced.

Aus der DE 199 17 144 A1 ist ein Splittergefechtskopf bekannt geworden, bei dem eine außenliegende splitterbildende Hülle mit Hilfe am Gefechtskopf angeordneter Mittel entfernt werden kann, um die Intensität der Einwirkung auf Ziele zu vermindern. Es ist jedoch dabei offen geblieben, in welcher Weise die splitterbildende Hülle, welche die Sprengladung radial umgibt, selbst mit in eine kontrollierte Leistungsminderung einbezogen werden kann.From DE 199 17 144 A1, a fragmentation warhead has become known, in which an external fragment-forming shell can be removed with the aid of the warhead arranged means in order to reduce the intensity of the action on targets. However, it has remained open in what way the fragment-forming shell which surrounds the explosive charge radially, even with a controlled reduction in performance can be included.

Die FR 2685077 A1 beschreibt einen Gefechtskopf, bei dem zwei entweder gleichartig oder unterschiedlich vorgekerbte splitterbildende Hüllen ineinander liegend um die Sprengladung herum angeordnet sind. Es sind Antriebsmittel vorgesehen, welche eine gesteuerte Bewegung der beiden Hülle gegeneinander ermöglichen, so dass aufgrund der Verschiebung der Kerben gegeneinander bei Auslösung der Ladung eine einstellbare Größenverteilung der Splitter erzielt werden kann. Eine Verschiebung einer der Hüllen auf der Sprengladung selbst ist nicht vorgesehen und ist in Sinne der zugrundeliegenden Aufgabenstellung auch nicht erwünscht. Eine Anregung zur Leistungsminderung allgemein und darüber hinaus auch zur richtungsabhängigen Leistungsminderung wird nicht gegeben.FR 2685077 A1 describes a warhead in which two splinter-forming casings, which are either identically or differently pre-scored, are arranged one inside the other around the explosive charge. Drive means are provided which allow a controlled movement of the two shells against each other, so that due to the displacement of the notches against each other when the charge is triggered, an adjustable size distribution of the splitter can be achieved. A shift of one of the cases on the Explosive charge itself is not intended and is in the sense of the underlying task also not desired. A suggestion for the reduction of performance in general and beyond also for the direction-dependent reduction in benefits is not given.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, zusätzlich zur detonativen oder zur deflagrativen Initiierung der Sprengladung eine ebenso wirksame Methode zur kontrollierten Leistungsreduzierung der splitterbildenden Hülle eines Gefechtskopfes anzugeben.It is the object of the invention, in addition to the detonative or deflagrative initiation of the explosive charge, to provide an equally effective method for the controlled power reduction of the fragment-forming shell of a warhead.

Die Aufgabe wird in einfacher Weise durch die in den Ansprüchen 1 und 9 wiedergegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils nachgeordneten Ansprüchen beschrieben.The object is achieved in a simple manner by the reproduced in claims 1 and 9 features. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the respective subordinate claims.

Der besondere Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass nach der Verschiebung oder Verdrehung wenigstens eines Teils der splitterbildenden Hülle des Gefechtskopfes dort die Splitterwirkung entfällt. Darüber hinaus zerlegen sich unverdämmte Bereiche von Sprengladungen bei beginnender Reaktion aufgrund der sich bildenden Gase und Drücke schneller und können somit zumindest dort nicht mehr in eine Detonation übergehen.The particular advantage of the invention is that after the displacement or rotation of at least part of the fragment-forming shell of the warhead there eliminates the splinter effect. In addition, undamaged areas of explosive charges decompose at the beginning of the reaction due to the forming gases and pressures faster and thus at least there can no longer go into a detonation.

Eine sich entwickelnde Deflagration wird dahingehend unterstützt, dass bei einer fehlenden Verdämmung die Wahrscheinlichkeit für den Übergang zu einer Detonation verringert wird. Deflagrierende Ladungen erzeugen auch Druckwellen, die Splitterhüllen zerlegen können. Die Geschwindigkeit, die Größe und die ballistische Leistung dieser Splitter ist zwar weitaus geringer als bei einer Detonation, aber es kommt dennoch zu einer Art unerwünschtem Trümmerwurf. Mittels der Verschiebung/Verdrehung der splitterbildenden Hülle wird vorteilhafterweise der Trümmerwurf unterbunden und die ungewollte kolaterale Leistung der Sprengladung weiter reduziert.An evolving deflagration is supported to reduce the likelihood of the transition to detonation if there is no damming. Deflagrating charges also create pressure waves that can fragment splinter sheaths. Although the speed, size and ballistic performance of these splinters is much lower than with a detonation, there is still some kind of unwanted debris throwing. By means of the displacement / rotation of the fragment-forming casing, the debris is advantageously prevented and the unwanted colateral power of the explosive charge is further reduced.

Mittels Verschiebung von mindestens einem Sektor der splitterbildenden Hülle und mittels gezielter Zündung einzelner Sprengstoffsektionen kann die Splitterleistung in Zielrichtung erhöht und gleichzeitig die verbleibende Blastleistung in Kolateralrichtung vermindert werden.By means of displacement of at least one sector of the fragment-forming shell and by means of targeted ignition of individual explosive sections, the splitter power in the target direction can be increased and at the same time the remaining blast power in the collateral direction can be reduced.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung schematisch vereinfacht dargestellt und werden nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch eine Sprengladung mit einer verschiebbaren splitterbildenden Hülle mit detonativer (2) und deflagrativer (3) Initiierung,
Fig. 2
alternative Ausführungen verschiebbaren Sektoren der splitterbildenden Hülle und mit detonativer Initiierung (2),
Fig. 3
eine Variante zu Fig. 2 mit einzeln ansteuerbarer Zündung von Sprengladungssektoren.
Embodiments of the invention are shown schematically simplified in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
a section through an explosive charge with a displaceable fragment-forming shell with detonative (2) and deflagrative (3) initiation,
Fig. 2
alternative embodiments displaceable sectors of the fragment-forming shell and with detonative initiation (2),
Fig. 3
a variant of FIG. 2 with individually controllable ignition of explosive charge sectors.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt stark vereinfacht einen Schnitt durch die Sprengladung 1 eines Gefechtskopfes. Die Sprengladung besteht hierbei homogen oder geschichtet aus einem bekannten Sprengstoff und wird über eine konventionelle Zündkette 2, die im Ausführungsbeispiel zweistufig ausgeführt ist und in der Zeichnung an der rechten Stirnseite angeordnet ist, detonativ initiiert. Die Sprengladung 1 ist von einem dünnen Mantel 6 aus Metall oder Kunststoff umgeben. Auf der Außenseite des Mantels ist eine umlaufende splitterbildende Hülle 4 vorgesehen, die mittels eines nicht näher dargestellten Antriebs gleitend auf dem Mantel 6 verschoben oder verdreht werden kann.Fig. 1 shows a simplified simplified section through the explosive charge 1 of a warhead. The explosive charge is homogeneous or stratified from a known explosive and is detonatively initiated via a conventional ignition chain 2, which is executed in two stages in the embodiment and is arranged in the drawing on the right front side. The explosive charge 1 is surrounded by a thin sheath 6 made of metal or plastic. On the outside of the shell, a circumferential splinter-forming shell 4 is provided, which can be slid or rotated by means of a drive not shown sliding on the jacket 6.

Die Hülle zerlegt sich je nach ihrer Bauweise bei der Detonation der Sprengladung in kleinere, mittlere oder größere Splitter, die radial beschleunigt werden. Im Fall der alleinigen Initiierung der Sprengladung 1 durch die Zündkette 2 und ohne Einleitung weiterer Maßnahmen zur Leistungsbeeinflussung wird die gesamte Ladung detonativ umgesetzt und die gesamte Hülle 4 wird als sich radial ausbreitende Splitterwolke wirksam werden. Bereits in diesem Anwendungsfall kann die Wirkung der erfindungsgemäßen kontrollierten Leistungssteuerung der Splitterbildung genutzt werden. Entsprechend Figur 1 wird dazu die splitterbildende Hülle 4 vor der Initiierung durch die Zündkette 2 ganz oder teilweise verschoben 7. Dadurch wird die erzeugbare Splittermenge auf denjenigen Teil der Hülle 4 beschränkt, der die Sprengladung 1 unmittelbar umgibt. Um eine Richtwirkung zu erzielen wird, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt, nur ein Teil der splitterbildenden Hülle 4 verschoben. Mittels Drehung der splitterbildenden Hülle können im Rahmen der Erfindung ähnliche Effekte erzielt werden. Erfolgt die Einleitung der Zündung außermittig (in Figur 3 dargestellt), so kann die Richtwirkung in Zielrichtung verstärkt und die Blastwirkung in der Gegenrichtung verringert werden.The shell decomposes depending on their design in the detonation of the explosive charge into smaller, medium or larger splinters, which are radially accelerated. In the case of the sole initiation of the explosive charge 1 by the detonating chain 2 and without the introduction of further measures for influencing the power, the entire charge is detonatively converted and the entire sheath 4 will become effective as a radially spreading splitter cloud. Already in this application, the effect of the controlled power control of fragmentation according to the invention can be used. According to FIG. 1, the fragment-forming casing 4 is displaced completely or partially prior to initiation by the ignition chain 2. This limits the producible fragment quantity to that part of the casing 4 which directly surrounds the explosive charge 1. In order to achieve a directivity, as shown in Figure 2, only a part of the fragment-forming sheath 4 is moved. By means of rotation of the fragment-forming shell, similar effects can be achieved within the scope of the invention. If the initiation of ignition takes place off-center (shown in FIG. 3), the directivity in the direction of the target can be increased and the blast effect in the opposite direction reduced.

Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Zündkette 2 eine weitere deflagrative Zündkette 3 an der gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite der Sprengladung 1 entgegengerichtet. Alternativ kann auch eine splitter- oder projektilbildende Ladung, die in Achsrichtung wirkt (z.B. eine oder mehrere kleine Hohlladungen), eingesetzt werden, die dann den Teil der Ladung 1, der nicht von der Hülle 4 bedeckt ist, mechanisch entfernt. Der beispielsweise vom Stachel der Hohlladung 3 beeinflusste Anteil der Sprengladung 1 wird nur soweit mechanisch zerlegt oder zermürbt, dass er selbst bei anschließender detonativer Initiierung durch die Zündkette 2 nicht mehr detonativ reagiert. Bei beispielsweise etwa gleichzeitiger Initiierung der Zündkette 2 und der weiteren Ladung 3 laufen die erzeugten Detonations- bzw. Wirkungsfronten aufeinander zu und treffen sich etwa in der Mitte der Sprengladung 1 bei der gestrichelt dargestellten Linie 5. Der rechte Teil der Sprengladung 1 wird detonativ umgesetzt. Der linke Teil ist infolge der Wirkung der Hohlladung 3 detonativ unwirksam. Durch zeitliche Abstimmung zwischen der detonativen Initiierung durch Zündkette 2 und der deflagrativen Initüerung oder mechanischen Zerlegung durch die Zündkette/Ladung 3 lässt sich eine frei wählbare Leistung des Gefechtskopfes von 0 bis 100 % einstellen.In the exemplary embodiment, the ignition chain 2 is directed opposite to another deflagrative ignition chain 3 on the opposite end face of the explosive charge 1. Alternatively, a fragmentary or projectile-forming charge acting in the axial direction (e.g., one or more small shaped charges) may also be employed, which then mechanically removes the portion of the charge 1 not covered by the envelope 4. The portion of the explosive charge 1 which is influenced, for example, by the spike of the shaped charge 3 is mechanically disassembled or worn down only to the extent that it no longer detonatively reacts, even in the event of subsequent detonative initiation by the ignition chain 2. For example, at about simultaneous initiation of the ignition chain 2 and the further charge 3, the generated detonation or effect fronts converge towards each other and meet approximately in the middle of the explosive charge 1 in the dashed line shown 5. The right part of the explosive charge 1 is implemented detonatively. The left part is detonatively ineffective due to the effect of shaped charge 3. By timing between the detonative initiation by ignition chain 2 and the deflagrativen initiation or mechanical decomposition by the ignition / charge 3 can be a freely selectable power of the warhead from 0 to 100% set.

Zur Vermeidung von Kolateralschäden oder zur Anpassung der Wirkung der erzeugten Splitter des Gefechtskopfes kann gemäß der Erfindung die splittererzeugende Hülle 4 gegenüber der Sprengladung derart verschoben oder verdreht werden, dass ein zwischen 0 und 100% wählbarer Anteil der splitterbildenden Hülle wirksam wird. In der Regel wird die splitterbildende Hülle 4 soweit verschoben, dass nur der über dem detonativ umgesetzten Anteil der Sprengladung (rechts der gestrichelten Linie 5) befindliche Teil der splitterbildenden Hülle 4 wirksam bleibt. Der deflagrativ sich abbauende oder mechanisch zerlegbare Teil der Sprengladung wird hierbei unterstützt, da dieser sich unverdämmt leichter mechanisch entfernen lässt und auch nicht dazu neigt, in eine detonative Umsetzung überzugehen.In order to avoid collateral damage or to adapt the effect of the generated splinters of the warhead, according to the invention, the fragment-producing shell 4 can be displaced or twisted relative to the explosive charge in such a way that a proportion of the fragment-forming shell selectable between 0 and 100% becomes effective. As a rule, the fragment-forming casing 4 is displaced so far that only the portion of the fragment-forming casing 4 located above the detonatively converted portion of the explosive charge (on the right of the dashed line 5) remains effective. The deflagrative degrading or mechanically demountable part of the explosive charge is supported here, as it can be easily removed mechanically uninsulated and also does not tend to go into a detonative implementation.

Die Verschiebung der splitterbildenden Hülle 4 im Ausführungsbeispiel kann zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten und mit Hilfe unterschiedlicher Antriebsmittel erfolgen. Es ist denkbar, bereits vor dem Start des den Gefechtskopf tragenden Fluggeräts beispielsweise manuell eine entsprechende Voreinstellung auszuführen. Während des Fluges zum Ziel kann die Verschiebung beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer vorgespannten Federeinrichtung bis zum gewünschten Grad der Verschiebung durchgeführt werden. Soll die Verschiebung erst in Zielnähe ausgeführt werden, so ist die Verwendung eines motorischen Antriebes, insbesondere eines Elektromotors oder Schrittmotors, möglich. Für sehr schnelle Bewegung der splitterbildenden Hülle eignen sich pyrotechnische Antriebe wie Gasgeneratoren, Treibladungen oder auch detonativ umsetzbare Sprengladungen.The displacement of the shatter-forming sheath 4 in the embodiment can at different times and by means of different drive means respectively. It is conceivable, for example, manually execute a corresponding preset before the start of the warhead carrying aircraft. During the flight to the destination, the displacement can be performed, for example, by means of a biased spring device to the desired degree of displacement. If the displacement is to be performed only near the target, it is possible to use a motor drive, in particular an electric motor or stepping motor. For very fast movement of the fragment-forming shell are pyrotechnic drives such as gas generators, propellant charges or detonatively implemented explosive charges.

Es ist für eine Reihe von Anwendungsfällen sinnvoll, die gesamte Hülle 4 über der Sprengladung zu verschieben oder mit einer schraubenförmigen Bewegung zu verdrehen und gleichzeitig neu zu positionieren. Ebenso gut kann auch nur ein ringförmiger Teil der Hülle 4 verschoben oder verdreht werden. Schließlich ist es gemäß Figur 2 und 3 vorteilhaft, einen oder mehrere von die Hülle unterteilenden Sektoren 4a zu verschieben. Damit lässt sich in azimutaler Richtung die Wirkung der erzeugten Splitter dosieren. In diesem Anwendungsfall wird die homogene Ladung 1 nur mit einer detonativen Zündkette 2 ausgestattet. Im Extremfall wird nur ein Sektor der Hülle über der Sprengladung belassen, wodurch die Splitterwirkung sich auf einen engen Winkelbereich beschränkt. Hiermit lässt sich auch eine gezielte Initiierung der den Sektoren der Hülle 4 zugeordneten Teilbereiche der Sprengladung 1 gemäß Figur 3 vorteilhaft verbinden. Hier wird die detonative Zündkette 2 durch eine Sicherungsvorrichtung 2a ersetzt. Ausgehend von dieser gemeinsamen Sicherungsvorrichtung 2a werden jeweils den Teilbereichen der Sprengladung 1 zugeordnete Zündleitungen 2b mit jeweils eigenen Zündketten 2c, bestehend aus einem Detonator und einem Zündverstärker, verwendet. Auf diese Weise erhöht sich die Splitterleistung in Zielrichtung und es vermindert sich gleichzeitig die verbleibende Blastleistung in der Kolateralrichtung.It is useful for a number of applications to move the entire shell 4 over the explosive charge or twist with a helical motion and reposition it at the same time. Just as well, only an annular part of the shell 4 can be moved or rotated. Finally, according to FIGS. 2 and 3, it is advantageous to displace one or more sectors 4a dividing the envelope. In this way, the effect of the splinters produced can be metered in the azimuthal direction. In this application, the homogeneous charge 1 is equipped only with a detonating ignition chain 2. In extreme cases, only one sector of the shell is left over the explosive charge, whereby the fragmentation is limited to a narrow angle range. This also allows a targeted initiation of the sectors of the shell 4 associated subregions of the explosive charge 1 according to Figure 3 connect advantageous. Here, the detonating detonating chain 2 is replaced by a securing device 2a. Starting from this common safety device 2 a, ignition circuits 2 b, each having its own ignition chains 2 c, consisting of a detonator and an ignition amplifier, are assigned to the partial areas of the explosive charge 1. In this way, the splitter performance increases in the target direction and it simultaneously reduces the remaining blast performance in the collateral direction.

Claims (10)

  1. A fragmentation warhead for combat against technical targets, having only one circumferential fragment-forming casing (4), which surrounds the explosive charge (1) and can be removed with the aid of a means arranged on the warhead, characterised in that the entire fragment-forming casing (4) or at least an annular or sector-shaped part thereof can be repositioned on the surface of the explosive charge (1) by displacement or rotation to alter the effect and reduce the power.
  2. A fragmentation warhead according to Claim 1, characterised in that the repositioning (7) of at least part of the fragment-forming casing (4) is effected before the start or launch of the aircraft carrying the warhead.
  3. A fragmentation warhead according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the repositioning (7) of at least part of the fragment-forming casing (4) is effected during the approach phase towards a target.
  4. A fragmentation warhead according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the part of the fragment-forming casing (4, 4a) which is to be repositioned is driven by way of a prestressed system.
  5. A fragmentation warhead according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the part of the fragment-forming casing (4, 4a) which is to be repositioned is driven by way of at least one motor, particularly by way of an electric motor.
  6. A fragmentation warhead according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the part of the fragment-forming casing (4, 4a) which is to be repositioned is driven with the aid of pyrotechnic means.
  7. A fragmentation warhead according to Claim 1, characterised in that the explosive charge (1) can be initiated with the aid of a plurality of specifically controllable ignition devices (2b, 2c).
  8. A fragmentation warhead according to Claim 7, characterised in that the ignition devices (2b, 2c) can be controlled by way of a common safety device (2a).
  9. A fragmentation warhead according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it is possible to reduce the effect of, or destroy, the explosive charge (1) in a controlled manner in the opposite direction to the start of the detonation initiation (2) with the aid of one or more detonation means (3) of lesser power, and in that the entire fragment-forming casing (4), or at least an annular or sector-shaped part thereof, can be repositioned on the surface of the explosive charge (1) to alter the effect.
  10. A fragmentation warhead according to Claim 9, characterised in that the proportion (1a) of the explosive charge surface which is exposed by repositioning at least part of the fragment-forming casing (4) corresponds to the proportion of the explosive charge (1) which undergoes the deflagration reaction.
EP01919431A 2000-04-13 2001-04-05 Fragmentation warhead for combat against technical targets Expired - Lifetime EP1272806B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10018285 2000-04-13
DE2000118285 DE10018285C2 (en) 2000-04-13 2000-04-13 Splinter warhead to combat technical objectives
PCT/EP2001/003861 WO2001079780A1 (en) 2000-04-13 2001-04-05 Fragmentation warhead for combat against technical targets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1272806A1 EP1272806A1 (en) 2003-01-08
EP1272806B1 true EP1272806B1 (en) 2006-06-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01919431A Expired - Lifetime EP1272806B1 (en) 2000-04-13 2001-04-05 Fragmentation warhead for combat against technical targets

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1272806B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2001246529A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10018285C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2262638T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001079780A1 (en)

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DE10151573B4 (en) * 2001-10-23 2004-04-29 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Splinter protection to minimize collateral damage
DE10227002B4 (en) * 2002-06-18 2005-06-16 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Decomposition charge for a warhead
DE102006048299B3 (en) 2006-10-12 2008-09-25 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Cylindrical active charge
DE102007056786A1 (en) 2007-11-23 2009-05-28 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh bullet
DE102007056785A1 (en) 2007-11-23 2009-05-28 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh bullet
DE102010027580B4 (en) * 2010-07-19 2013-02-28 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg warhead
EP2789965B1 (en) * 2013-04-13 2015-07-15 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Scalable explosive charge
EP2789964B1 (en) * 2013-04-13 2015-07-15 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Explosive charge for performing either the detonation, deflagration or detonation and deflagration of an explosive material
AT516929B1 (en) * 2015-03-10 2018-05-15 Hirtenberger Automotive Safety Gmbh & Co Kg Pyrotechnic gas generator
SE539175C2 (en) * 2015-10-05 2017-05-02 Life Time Eng Ab Detonator provided with a securement device
DE102019201176A1 (en) * 2019-01-30 2020-07-30 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Ordnance with a deflagration primer and method for operating such an ordnance

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US3877376A (en) * 1960-07-27 1975-04-15 Us Navy Directed warhead
US5235916A (en) * 1966-01-10 1993-08-17 Hughes Missile Systems Company Warhead directed-charge positioner system
US3565009A (en) * 1969-03-19 1971-02-23 Us Navy Aimed quadrant warhead
DE2756420C2 (en) * 1977-12-17 1985-02-07 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Bullet with automatic splitting effect
FR2561376B1 (en) * 1982-05-05 1987-04-30 Saint Louis Inst EXPLOSIVE FRAGMENTATION MACHINE
DE3625966A1 (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-11 Diehl Gmbh & Co PROJECT-FORMING LOAD
FR2685077B1 (en) * 1991-12-13 1995-04-07 Thomson Brandt Armements EXPLOSIVE DEVICE WITH PROGRAMMABLE FRAGMENTATION.
DE19629389C1 (en) * 1996-07-20 1997-11-20 Daimler Benz Aerospace Ag Warhead for destruction of aerial targets
DE19638516A1 (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-12-14 Diehl Stiftung & Co Warhead, especially fragmentation warhead; has firing unit and main charge having several active element masses, with plates and rotation charges outside plates to rotate warhead
DE59907908D1 (en) * 1998-04-18 2004-01-15 Tdw Verteidigungstech Wirksys Combination warhead

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1272806A1 (en) 2003-01-08
DE10018285A1 (en) 2001-10-31
DE50110340D1 (en) 2006-08-10
AU2001246529A1 (en) 2001-10-30
ES2262638T3 (en) 2006-12-01
DE10018285C2 (en) 2002-07-11
WO2001079780A1 (en) 2001-10-25

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