EP0764826A1 - Carrier projectile with a single penetrator as the submunition - Google Patents

Carrier projectile with a single penetrator as the submunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0764826A1
EP0764826A1 EP96114077A EP96114077A EP0764826A1 EP 0764826 A1 EP0764826 A1 EP 0764826A1 EP 96114077 A EP96114077 A EP 96114077A EP 96114077 A EP96114077 A EP 96114077A EP 0764826 A1 EP0764826 A1 EP 0764826A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
penetrator
projectile
propellant charge
ballistic
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP96114077A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0764826B1 (en
Inventor
Max Rentzsch
Manfred Dr. Schildknecht
Hans Strauss
Rainer Himmert
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Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
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Diehl Stiftung and Co KG
Diehl GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0764826A1 publication Critical patent/EP0764826A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F42B12/625—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile a single submissile arranged in a carrier missile for being launched or accelerated coaxially; Coaxial tandem arrangement of missiles which are active in the target one after the other

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ballistic projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a bomb according to GB-PS 1 605 340 has to combat concrete targets such as runways, a shaped charge for pre-drilling the runway and an explosive projectile as a successor to the shaped charge is a detonator provided that this is the only way to ensure the proper formation of the shaped charge effect.
  • a piezoelectric igniter is proposed, which lies directly on the back of the explosive charge of the shaped charge. This secondary ignition is critical since it cannot be guaranteed whether the firing pulse of the piezo igniter is disturbed or destroyed by the explosive pulse of the explosive charge.
  • the explosive charge of the explosive device is ignited in a continuation of the above-described secondary ignition via a pyrotechnic delay unit - starting from the propellant charge. The detonation of the explosive charge is therefore relatively imprecise and not very reliable.
  • a characteristic feature of GB-PS 1 605 340 are consequential ignitions with regard to the propellant charge and the explosive charge. The invention makes no use of this secondary ignition.
  • DE 35 44 528 C1 has a functional principle corresponding to GB-PS 1 605 340, namely a hole is pre-drilled in concrete for an explosive projectile using a hollow charge.
  • the propellant charge is therefore small and corresponds to the caliber of the explosive device.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a floor of the type mentioned that in concrete and the like. has a significantly improved penetration performance, so that it is suitable for combating bunkers, shelters or the like.
  • the advantages achieved with the projectile according to the invention are that it has a comparatively good penetration performance in concrete or the like, so that bunkers, shelters or the like can be optimally controlled.
  • the projectile according to the invention has improved functional reliability, ie a reduced risk of bouncing through an optimized penetrator contour and a reliable detonator function
  • the outer contour and the mass of the projectile according to the invention preferably correspond to the corresponding values of conventional projectiles, i.e. the projectile according to the invention can advantageously be ballistically equivalent to the ammunition that is introduced, so that the firing tables of the ammunition that is introduced can be taken over.
  • the shot boards do not have to be determined by expensive tests first.
  • the scattering behavior or the accuracy of the projectile according to the invention can also correspond to the accuracy of the ammunition introduced.
  • the drawing shows an illustration of the projectile 10, which has a penetrator 14 in a projectile shell 12 of the appropriate caliber.
  • the projectile casing 12 consists of a casing body 16 which is integrally formed with a floor 18 and a ballistic projectile hood 22 which defines the tip section 20 of the projectile 10.
  • a proximity fuse 24 is arranged on the front of the ballistic projectile hood 22.
  • the proximity fuse 24 is provided with an electrical output 26, to which a connecting line 28 arranged by a dash-dotted line is connected.
  • the penetrator 14 has a solid ballistic head 20 with a flattened, sharply delimited end face 13 and a space 32 adjoining the ballistic head 30 to the rear, in which an explosive charge 34 is located.
  • the penetrator 14 has a bottom impact igniter 36 for igniting the explosive charge 34.
  • the bottom impact igniter 36 can be provided with a pyrotechnic or with an electrical delay. It can have a variable time function, ie the time function can be preset to a certain value or can be set by means of a suitable acceleration sensor device.
  • the length 31 of the head 30 corresponds to 2.3 times the diameter 15 of the penetrator 14. This length 31 in conjunction with the entire mass of the penetrator 14 ensures the required penetration performance in concrete.
  • the penetrator 14 designed in this way is fixed in the center of the projectile casing 12 by means of a moving floor 38 with a sealing ring 39 and by means of a guide ring 40.
  • the guide ring 40 rests with a counter stop designed as a circumferential collar 42 on a circumferential stop 44 formed in the projectile hood 22.
  • the guide ring 40 is consequently fixed axially immovably in the projectile casing 23.
  • the projectile hood 22 is screwed to the projectile casing 12 at 43.
  • the drive floor 38 is formed with a circumferential collar 46, which serves to fix the rear end section 48 of the penetrator 14.
  • the moving floor 38 is arranged so that it can move axially in the shell 12.
  • the space between the moving floor 38 and the floor 18 of the case body 16 of the projectile casing 12 is provided for a propellant charge 50.
  • the propellant charge 50 is ignited by means of a propellant charge lighter 52 which is in contact with the connecting line 28.
  • the projectile 10 thus consists of the projectile casing 12 with a ballistic projectile hood 22, and the sub-caliber penetrator 14, which is arranged in a protected manner in the projectile casing 12 and is provided with the explosive charge 34 and the ground impact detonator 36.
  • the penetrator 14 is fixed by means of the moving floor 38 and by means of the guide ring 40 inside the shell 12.
  • the penetrator propellant charge 50 serves to expel the penetrator 14 from the projectile casing 12.
  • the penetrator propellant charge 50 is ignited by means of the propellant charge lighter 52, which is connected to the proximity fuse 24 via the connecting line 28.
  • the proximity fuse 24 thus serves to initiate the propellant charge fuse 52.
  • the projectile casing 12, the penetrator 14 and the moving floor 38 are expediently made of high-strength steel because of the high loads that occur when the penetrator 14 is fired or ejected from the projectile casing 12, as is used, for example, for highly stressed components in other ammunition.
  • the ballistic projectile hood 22 or its front section and the proximity fuse 24 can be penetrated by the penetrator 14, but it is also possible to blow off the said front part of the ballistic projectile hood 22 and the proximity fuse 24 parallel to the ignition of the propellant charge 50.
  • a space 53 for a penetrator propellant charge 50 has a diameter 54 which corresponds to 1.5 times the diameter 15 of the penetrator 14.
  • the drive floor 38 is concave in the direction of the penetrator propellant charge 50 and, with its flange 56 curved on the floor, acts on the one hand as a cover for the space 53 and on the other hand as a drive disk for the penetrator 14.
  • the concave shape of the floating floor 38 also results in a gain in space for the space 53 and has a favorable stress distribution when supporting the entire floor 10 when firing and when the penetrator 14 is ejected from the shell 12
  • the penetrator 14 is a sub-caliber balancing projectile with a high initial speed, a straight trajectory and a high penetration rate.
  • the concave flange 56 increases the guide length of the penetrator 14 in the projectile casing 12, so that the penetrator 14 leaves the projectile casing 12 coaxially, that is to say has no or only a slight exit angle.
  • the sharp-edged end face 13 of the head 30 ensures that the penetrator 14 penetrates the concrete at an angle of ⁇ 90 ° even when it strikes concrete.
  • the proximity fuse 24 senses a target made of concrete and ignites the propellant charge lighter 52 at a suitable distance from the target.
  • the gases of the penetrator propellant charge 50 drive the propellant base 38 with the penetrator 14, the penetrator 14 being guided radially through the collar 46 and the guide ring 40.
  • the penetrator 14 penetrates the proximity fuse 24 and the projectile hood 22.
  • the drive floor 38 then strikes the guide ring 40 and the penetrator 14 leaves the drive floor 38 and the guide ring 40.
  • the time-delayed detonator function of the ground impact igniter 36 is started. Due to the great energy of the penetrator 14, it penetrates the target. After the penetration process, the ground impact detonator 36 ignites the explosive charge 34, as a result of which the head 30 and the sleeve 62 of the penetrator 14 are broken down into fragments.
  • the ballistic projectile 10 according to the invention is reliable in its function. It has only one component acting in the target, namely the penetrator 14.
  • the penetrator propellant charge 50 is large in volume and is ignited reliably by the proximity fuse 24. Mainly due to the massive head 30, the penetrator 14 has the mass required for the target penetration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The penetrator (14) is guided coaxially in the casing (12) of the missile (10), and also contains a bursting charge (34). The proximity fuse (24) in the casing tip ignites a propellant charge (50) in the base (18) for the penetrator, accelerating the latter via an intermediate base (38). The penetrator has an impact fuse (36). A front guide ring (40) can be provided, bearing against a stop (44) in the casing so that it cannot move in the axial direction. A base impact fuse (36) in the missile can have a pyrotechnic or electric time delay, which can be adjustable.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein ballistisches Geschoß gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a ballistic projectile according to the preamble of claim 1.

Mit bekannten Geschossen, d.h. mit der bekannten Artillerie-Munition beispielsweise des Kalibers 155 mm sind Bunker, Unterstände oder dergleichen nur sehr unbefriedigend bzw. nicht bekämpfbar, weil die Penetrationsleistung der eingeführten Artillerie-Munition in Beton o.ä. zu gering ist. Die Kombination eines derartigen bekannten Geschosses mit einem mechanischen Aufschlagzünder ergibt in Beton Penetrationsleistungen von größenordnungsmäßig einem halben Meter, wenn das Geschoß senkrecht auf das zu bekämpfende Ziel auftrifft. Bei relativ Kleinen Anstellwinkeln ab größenordnungsmäßig 25 Winkelgrad ergibt sich nicht nur eine entsprechende Vergrößerung des Penetrationsweges, sondern insbesondere die Gefahr von Abprallern. Außerdem ist nicht auszuschließen, daß der Aufschlagzünder eines solchen bekannten Geschosses beim Penetrationsvorgang beschädigt wird, so daß es entweder überhaupt nicht zu einer Detonation oder zu einer vorzeitigen Detonation der Sprengladung kommt. Die funktionsrelevanten Teile des Aufschlagzünders werden bei einem solchen bekannten Geschoß nämlich nur dadurch geschützt, daß sie innerhalb eines Mundloches der Geschoßhülle angeordnet sind. Die Zündspitze selbst ist bei diesen Geschossen nicht betonbrechend.With known projectiles, i.e. with the known artillery ammunition, for example of the 155 mm caliber, bunkers, shelters or the like are only very unsatisfactory or cannot be combated because the penetration performance of the artillery ammunition introduced in concrete or the like. is too low. The combination of such a known projectile with a mechanical impact detonator results in penetration capacities of the order of half a meter when the projectile hits the target to be combated perpendicularly. With relatively small angles of attack from an order of magnitude of 25 angular degrees, there is not only a corresponding increase in the penetration path, but in particular the risk of ricochets. In addition, it cannot be ruled out that the impact detonator of such a known projectile will be damaged during the penetration process, so that there is either no detonation at all or premature detonation of the explosive charge. The functionally relevant parts of the impact detonator are only protected in such a known projectile in that they are arranged within a mouth hole of the projectile casing. The ignition tip itself is not concrete-breaking on these projectiles.

Eine Bombe nach der GB-PS 1 605 340 weist zur Bekämpfung von Betonzielen wie Startbahnen, eine Hohlladung zum Vorbohren der Startbahn und ein Sprenggeschoß als Nachfolgegeschoß auf Für die Hohlladung ist ein Aufschlagzünder vorgesehen, da nur dadurch die ordnungsgemäße Ausbildung des Hohlladungseffektes gewährleistet ist.
Zur Zündung der Treibladung des Sprenggeschosses wird ein Piezozünder vorgeschlagen, der unmittelbar an der Rückseite der Sprengladung der Hohlladung anliegt. Diese Folgezündung ist kritisch, da nicht gewährleistet ist, ob der Zündimpuls des Piezozünders durch den Sprengimpuls der Sprengladung gestört oder vernichtet wird.
Die Sprengladung des Sprenggeschosses wird in Fortsetzung der vorbeschriebenen Folgezündung über eine pyrotechnische Verzögerungseinheit - ausgehend von der Treibladung - gezündet. Die Zündung der Sprenggeschoß-Sprengladung ist daher relativ ungenau und wenig funktionssicher. Ein charakteristisches Merkmal der GB-PS 1 605 340 sind also die Folgezündungen, betreffend die Treibladung und die Sprengladung. Die Erfindung macht von dieser Folgezündung keinen Gebrauch.A bomb according to GB-PS 1 605 340 has to combat concrete targets such as runways, a shaped charge for pre-drilling the runway and an explosive projectile as a successor to the shaped charge is a detonator provided that this is the only way to ensure the proper formation of the shaped charge effect.
To ignite the propellant charge of the explosive projectile, a piezoelectric igniter is proposed, which lies directly on the back of the explosive charge of the shaped charge. This secondary ignition is critical since it cannot be guaranteed whether the firing pulse of the piezo igniter is disturbed or destroyed by the explosive pulse of the explosive charge.
The explosive charge of the explosive device is ignited in a continuation of the above-described secondary ignition via a pyrotechnic delay unit - starting from the propellant charge. The detonation of the explosive charge is therefore relatively imprecise and not very reliable. A characteristic feature of GB-PS 1 605 340 are consequential ignitions with regard to the propellant charge and the explosive charge. The invention makes no use of this secondary ignition.

Bei der DE 35 44 528 C1 liegt ein zu der GB-PS 1 605 340 entsprechendes Funktionsprinzip vor, nämlich für ein Sprenggeschoß wird über eine Hohlladung in Beton ein Loch vorgebohrt. Die Treibladung ist daher klein und entspricht dem Kaliber des Sprenggeschosses.DE 35 44 528 C1 has a functional principle corresponding to GB-PS 1 605 340, namely a hole is pre-drilled in concrete for an explosive projectile using a hollow charge. The propellant charge is therefore small and corresponds to the caliber of the explosive device.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Geschoß der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das in Beton u.ä. eine wesentlich verbesserte Penetrationsleistung aufweist, so daß es zur Bekämpfung von Bunkern, Unterständen oder dergleichen geeignet ist.The invention has for its object to provide a floor of the type mentioned that in concrete and the like. has a significantly improved penetration performance, so that it is suitable for combating bunkers, shelters or the like.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Geschoß der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Kennzeichenteiles des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.This object is achieved in a projectile of the type mentioned in the invention by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Preferred developments of the projectile according to the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoß erzielten Vorteile bestehen darin, daß es eine vergleichsweise gute Penetrationsleistung in Beton oder dergleichen aufweist, so daß Bunker, Unterstände oder dergleichen optimal bekämpfbar sind. Außerdem weist das erfindungsgemäße Geschoß eine verbesserte Funktionszuverlässigkeit, d.h. eine reduzierte Abprallgefahr durch eine optimierte Penetratorkontur sowie eine zuverlässige Zünderfunktion aufThe advantages achieved with the projectile according to the invention are that it has a comparatively good penetration performance in concrete or the like, so that bunkers, shelters or the like can be optimally controlled. In addition, the projectile according to the invention has improved functional reliability, ie a reduced risk of bouncing through an optimized penetrator contour and a reliable detonator function

Die Außenkontur und die Masse des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses entsprechen vorzugsweise den entsprechenden Werten üblicher Geschosse, d.h. das erfindungsgemäße Geschoß kann in vorteilhafter Weise ballistisch der eingeführten Munition äquivalent sein, so daß die Schußtafeln der eingeführten Munition übernommen werden können. Das bedeutet jedoch, daß die Schußtafeln nicht erst durch kostenintensive Versuche ermittelt werden müssen. Auch das Streuverhalten bzw. die Treffgenauigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses kann der Treffgenauigkeit der eingeführten Munition entsprechen.The outer contour and the mass of the projectile according to the invention preferably correspond to the corresponding values of conventional projectiles, i.e. the projectile according to the invention can advantageously be ballistically equivalent to the ammunition that is introduced, so that the firing tables of the ammunition that is introduced can be taken over. However, this means that the shot boards do not have to be determined by expensive tests first. The scattering behavior or the accuracy of the projectile according to the invention can also correspond to the accuracy of the ammunition introduced.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses ist in der Zeichnung längsgeschnitten in einem verkleinerten Maßstab dargestelltenAn embodiment of the projectile according to the invention is shown in longitudinal section in the drawing on a reduced scale

Die Zeichnung zeigt eine Abbildung des Geschosses 10, das in einer Geschoßhülle 12 entsprechenden Kalibers einen Penetrator 14 aufweist. Die Geschoßhülle 12 besteht aus einem Hülsenkörper 16, der integral mit einem Geschoßboden 18 ausgebildet ist, sowie aus einer den Spitzenabschnitt 20 des Geschosses 10 festlegenden ballistischen Geschoßhaube 22. An der ballistischen Geschoßhaube 22 ist vorderseitig ein Annäherungszünder 24 angeordnet. Der Annährungszünder 24 ist mit einem elektrischen Ausgang 26 versehen, an den eine durch eine strichpunktierte Linie angeordnete Anschlußleitung 28 angeschlossen ist.The drawing shows an illustration of the projectile 10, which has a penetrator 14 in a projectile shell 12 of the appropriate caliber. The projectile casing 12 consists of a casing body 16 which is integrally formed with a floor 18 and a ballistic projectile hood 22 which defines the tip section 20 of the projectile 10. A proximity fuse 24 is arranged on the front of the ballistic projectile hood 22. The proximity fuse 24 is provided with an electrical output 26, to which a connecting line 28 arranged by a dash-dotted line is connected.

Der Penetrator 14 weist einen massiven ballistischen Kopf 20 mit einer abgeplatteten scharfkantig begrenzten Stirnfläche 13 und einen an den ballistischen Kopf 30 nach hinten anschließenden Raum 32 auf, in welchem sich eine Sprengladung 34 befindet. Der Penetrator 14 besitzt zum Zünden der Sprengladung 34 einen Bodenaufschlagzünder 36. Der Bodenaufschlagzünder 36 kann mit einer pyrotechnischen oder mit einer elektrischen Verzögerung versehen sein. Er kann eine variable Zeitfunktion aufweisen, d.h. die Zeitfünktion kann auf einen bestimmten Wert voreinstellbar oder mittels einer geeigneten Beschleunigungs-Sensoreinrichtung einstellbar sein.The penetrator 14 has a solid ballistic head 20 with a flattened, sharply delimited end face 13 and a space 32 adjoining the ballistic head 30 to the rear, in which an explosive charge 34 is located. The penetrator 14 has a bottom impact igniter 36 for igniting the explosive charge 34. The bottom impact igniter 36 can be provided with a pyrotechnic or with an electrical delay. It can have a variable time function, ie the time function can be preset to a certain value or can be set by means of a suitable acceleration sensor device.

Die Länge 31 des Kopfes 30 entsprecht dem 2,3-fachen Durchmesser 15 des Penetrators 14. Diese Länge 31 in Verbindung mit der gesamten Masse des Penetrators 14 gewährleistet die erforderliche Penetrationsleistung in Beton.The length 31 of the head 30 corresponds to 2.3 times the diameter 15 of the penetrator 14. This length 31 in conjunction with the entire mass of the penetrator 14 ensures the required penetration performance in concrete.

Der solchermaßen ausgebildete Penetrator 14 ist in der Geschoßhülle 12 mittels eines Treibbodens 38 mit Dichtungsring 39 und mittels eines Führungsringes 40 genau mittig festgelegt. Der Führungsring 40 liegt mit einem als umlaufender Bund 42 ausgebildeten Gegenanschlag an einem in der Geschoßhaube 22 ausgebildeten umlaufenden Anschlag 44 an. Der Führungsring 40 ist folglich in der Geschoßhülle 23 axial unbeweglich festgelegt.The penetrator 14 designed in this way is fixed in the center of the projectile casing 12 by means of a moving floor 38 with a sealing ring 39 and by means of a guide ring 40. The guide ring 40 rests with a counter stop designed as a circumferential collar 42 on a circumferential stop 44 formed in the projectile hood 22. The guide ring 40 is consequently fixed axially immovably in the projectile casing 23.

Die Geschoßhaube 22 ist bei 43 mit der Geschoßhülle 12 verschraubt. Der Treibboden 38 ist mit einem umlaufenden Kragen 46 ausgebildet, der zur Festlegung des rückseitigen Endabschnittes 48 des Penetrators 14 dient. Der Treibboden 38 ist in der Geschoßhülle 12 axial beweglich angeordnet. Der Raum zwischen dem Treibboden 38 und dem Geschoßboden 18 des Hülsenkörpers 16 der Geschoßhülle 12 ist für eine Treibladung 50 vorgesehen. Die Treibladung 50 wird mittels eines Treibladungsanzünders 52 gezündet, der mit der Anschlußleitung 28 kontaktiert ist.The projectile hood 22 is screwed to the projectile casing 12 at 43. The drive floor 38 is formed with a circumferential collar 46, which serves to fix the rear end section 48 of the penetrator 14. The moving floor 38 is arranged so that it can move axially in the shell 12. The space between the moving floor 38 and the floor 18 of the case body 16 of the projectile casing 12 is provided for a propellant charge 50. The propellant charge 50 is ignited by means of a propellant charge lighter 52 which is in contact with the connecting line 28.

Das erfindungsgemäße Geschoß 10 besteht also aus der Geschoßhülle 12 mit ballistischer Geschoßhaube 22, sowie dem in der Geschoßhülle 12 geschützt angeordneten, unterkalibrigen Penetrator 14, der mit der Sprengladung 34 und dem Bodenaufschlagzünder 36 versehen ist. Der Penetrator 14 ist mittels des Treibbodens 38 und mittels des Führungsringes 40 im Inneren der Geschoßhülle 12 fixiert. Die Penetrator-Treibladung 50 dient zum Ausstoß des Penetrators 14 aus der Geschoßhülle 12. Die Penetrator-Treibladung 50 wird mittels des Treibladungsanzünders 52 gezündet, der über die Anschlußleitung 28 mit dem Annäherungszünder 24 verbunden ist. Der Annäherungszünder 24 dient also zur Initiierung des Treibladungszünders 52.The projectile 10 according to the invention thus consists of the projectile casing 12 with a ballistic projectile hood 22, and the sub-caliber penetrator 14, which is arranged in a protected manner in the projectile casing 12 and is provided with the explosive charge 34 and the ground impact detonator 36. The penetrator 14 is fixed by means of the moving floor 38 and by means of the guide ring 40 inside the shell 12. The penetrator propellant charge 50 serves to expel the penetrator 14 from the projectile casing 12. The penetrator propellant charge 50 is ignited by means of the propellant charge lighter 52, which is connected to the proximity fuse 24 via the connecting line 28. The proximity fuse 24 thus serves to initiate the propellant charge fuse 52.

Die Geschoßhülle 12, der Penetrator 14 und der Treibboden 38 bestehen zweckmäßigerweise wegen der hohen auftretenden Belastungen beim Abschuß bzw. beim Ausstoß des Penetrators 14 aus der Geschoßhülle 12 aus hochfestem Stahl, wie er beispielsweise auch für hochbeanspruchte Komponenten in anderen Munitionen zur Anwendung gelangt.The projectile casing 12, the penetrator 14 and the moving floor 38 are expediently made of high-strength steel because of the high loads that occur when the penetrator 14 is fired or ejected from the projectile casing 12, as is used, for example, for highly stressed components in other ammunition.

Die ballistische Geschoßhaube 22 bzw. deren vorderer Abschnitt sowie der Annäherungszünder 24 können vom Penetrator 14 durchschlagen werden, es ist jedoch auch möglich, den besagten vorderen Teil der ballistischen Geschoßhaube 22 und den Annäherungszünder 24 parallel zur Anzündung der Treibladung 50 abzusprengen.The ballistic projectile hood 22 or its front section and the proximity fuse 24 can be penetrated by the penetrator 14, but it is also possible to blow off the said front part of the ballistic projectile hood 22 and the proximity fuse 24 parallel to the ignition of the propellant charge 50.

Ein Raum 53 für eine Penetrator-Treibladung 50 weist einen Durchmesser 54 auf, der dem 1,5-fachen Durchmesser 15 des Penetrators 14 entspricht.A space 53 for a penetrator propellant charge 50 has a diameter 54 which corresponds to 1.5 times the diameter 15 of the penetrator 14.

Der Treibboden 38 ist in Richtung der Penetrator-Treibladung 50 konkav ausgebildet und wirkt mit seinem geschoßbodenseitig gewölbtem Flansch 56 einerseits als Deckel für den Raum 53, andererseits als Treibscheibe für den Penetrator 14.The drive floor 38 is concave in the direction of the penetrator propellant charge 50 and, with its flange 56 curved on the floor, acts on the one hand as a cover for the space 53 and on the other hand as a drive disk for the penetrator 14.

Die konkave Form des Treibbodens 38 ergibt auch einen Raumgewinn für den Raum 53 und weist eine günstige Spannungsverteilung beim Abstützen des Gesamtgeschosses 10 beim Abschuß sowie beim Ausstoß des Penetrators 14 aus der Geschoßhülle 12 aufThe concave shape of the floating floor 38 also results in a gain in space for the space 53 and has a favorable stress distribution when supporting the entire floor 10 when firing and when the penetrator 14 is ejected from the shell 12

Aufgrund des Verhältnisses der Durchmesser 54 zu 15 ist der Penetrator 14 ein unterkalibriges Wuchtgeschoß mit hoher Anfangsgeschwindigkeit, geradliniger Flugbahn und hoher Durchschlagsleistung.Due to the ratio of the diameters 54 to 15, the penetrator 14 is a sub-caliber balancing projectile with a high initial speed, a straight trajectory and a high penetration rate.

Der konkave Flansch 56 vergrößert die Führungslänge des Penetrators 14 in der Geschoßhülle 12, so daß der Penetrator 14 die Geschoßhülle 12 koaxial verläßt, also keinen bzw. einen nur geringen Abgangswinkel aufweist.The concave flange 56 increases the guide length of the penetrator 14 in the projectile casing 12, so that the penetrator 14 leaves the projectile casing 12 coaxially, that is to say has no or only a slight exit angle.

Die scharfkantige Stirnfläche 13 des Kopfes 30 stellt sicher, daß der Penetrator 14 auch bei einem Aufschlag auf Beton mit einem Winkel < 90° in den Beton eindringt.The sharp-edged end face 13 of the head 30 ensures that the penetrator 14 penetrates the concrete at an angle of <90 ° even when it strikes concrete.

Zur Funktion:About the function:

Nach Abschuß des Geschosses 10 aus einer nicht dargestellten Rohrwaffe sensiert der Annäherungszünder 24 ein Ziel aus Beton und zündet in einem geeigneten Abstand von dem Ziel den Treibladungsanzünder 52.After the projectile 10 has been fired from a barrel weapon (not shown), the proximity fuse 24 senses a target made of concrete and ignites the propellant charge lighter 52 at a suitable distance from the target.

Die Gase der Penetrator-Treibladung 50 treiben den Treibboden 38 mit dem Penetrator 14 an, wobei der Penetrator 14 durch den Kragen 46 und den Führungsring 40 radial geführt wird.The gases of the penetrator propellant charge 50 drive the propellant base 38 with the penetrator 14, the penetrator 14 being guided radially through the collar 46 and the guide ring 40.

Der Penetrator 14 durchschlägt den Annäherungszünder 24 und die Geschoßhaube 22. Danach schlägt der Treibboden 38 an dem Führungsring 40 an und der Penetrator 14 verläßt den Treibboden 38 und den Führungsring 40.The penetrator 14 penetrates the proximity fuse 24 and the projectile hood 22. The drive floor 38 then strikes the guide ring 40 and the penetrator 14 leaves the drive floor 38 and the guide ring 40.

Beim Zielaufschlag wird die zeitverzögerte Zünderfunktion des Bodenaufschlagzünders 36 in Gang gesetzt. Durch die große Energie des Penetrators 14 durchdringt dieser das Ziel. Nach dem Penetrationsvorgang zündet der Bodenaufschlagzünder 36 die Sprengladung 34, wodurch der Kopf 30 und die Hülse 62 des Penetrators 14 in Splitter zerlegt wird.At the target impact, the time-delayed detonator function of the ground impact igniter 36 is started. Due to the great energy of the penetrator 14, it penetrates the target. After the penetration process, the ground impact detonator 36 ignites the explosive charge 34, as a result of which the head 30 and the sleeve 62 of the penetrator 14 are broken down into fragments.

Das erfindungsgemäße, ballistische Geschoß 10 ist zuverlässig in seiner Funktion. Es weist nur eine einzige, im Ziel wirkende Komponente, nämlich den Penetrator 14 auf Die Penetrator-Treibladung 50 ist großvolumig und wird funktionssicher durch den Annäherungszünder 24 gezündet. Der Penetrator 14 besitzt hauptsächlich aufgrund des massiven Kopfes 30 die für den Ziel-Durchschlag erforderliche Masse.The ballistic projectile 10 according to the invention is reliable in its function. It has only one component acting in the target, namely the penetrator 14. The penetrator propellant charge 50 is large in volume and is ignited reliably by the proximity fuse 24. Mainly due to the massive head 30, the penetrator 14 has the mass required for the target penetration.

Claims (10)

Ballistisches Geschoß (10) mit einem in der Geschoßhülle (12) koaxial geführten, unterkalibrigen Penetrator (14), der zusätzlich eine Sprengladung (34) trägt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Geschoß (10) an seiner Spitze einen Annäherungszünder (24) aufweist, der eine im Geschoßboden (18) angeordnete, das Geschoßbodenvolumen ausfüllende Penetrator-Treibladung (50) elektrisch zündet, die den Penetrator (14) über einen dazwischen angeordneten Treibboden (38) beschleunigt und der Penetrator (14) zusätzlich einen Aufschlagzünder (36) aufweist. Ballistic projectile (10) with a sub-caliber penetrator (14), which is coaxially guided in the projectile casing (12) and also carries an explosive charge (34),
characterized, that the projectile (10) has at its tip a proximity fuse (24) which electrically ignites a penetrator propellant charge (50) which is arranged in the storey floor (18) and fills the storey floor volume and which penetrates the penetrator (14) via a drive floor (38 ) accelerated and the penetrator (14) additionally has an impact detonator (36). Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein vorderer Penetrator-Führungsring (40) an einem in der Geschoßhülle (12) ausgebildeten Anschlag (44) axial unbeweglich anliegt. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that a front penetrator guide ring (40) bears axially immovably on a stop (44) formed in the projectile casing (12). Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Penetrator (14) in der Geschoßhülle (12) mittels eines in der Geschoßhülle (12) axial beweglich geführten Treibbodens (38) und mittels eines davon beabstandeten Führungsringes (40) angeordnet ist, wobei die Treibladung (50) zwischen dem Geschoßboden (18) und dem Treibboden (38) vorgesehen ist. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that the penetrator (14) is arranged in the projectile casing (12) by means of a propellant base (38) which is axially movably guided in the projectile casing (12) and by means of a guide ring (40) spaced therefrom, the propellant charge (50) being arranged between the projectile base (18 ) and the floating floor (38) is provided. Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Penetrator (14) einen massiven, ballistischen Kopf (30) mit einer Länge (31) aufweist, wobei die Länge (31) dem 2 bis 5-fachen Durchmessen (15) des Penetrators (14) entspricht. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that the penetrator (14) has a solid, ballistic head (30) with a length (31), the length (31) corresponding to 2 to 5 times the diameter (15) of the penetrator (14). Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Raum (53) für eine Penetrator-Treibladung (50) einen Durchmesser (54) aufweist, der dem 1,2 bis 2,5-fachen Durchmesser des Penetrators (14) entspricht. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that a space (53) for a penetrator propellant charge (50) has a diameter (54) which corresponds to 1.2 to 2.5 times the diameter of the penetrator (14). Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Treibboden (38) tellerförmig ausgebildet ist und einen über den Durchmesser (15) des Penetrators (14) hinausragenden, geschoßbodenseitigen, gewölbten Flansch (56) besitzt und der Treibboden (38) den Raum (53) für die Penetrator-Treibladung (50) deckelförmig abschließt. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that the moving floor (38) is plate-shaped and has a curved flange (56) projecting beyond the diameter (15) of the penetrator (14), and the moving floor (38) has the space (53) for the penetrator propellant charge (50 ) closes like a lid. Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bodenaufschlagzünder (36) eine pyrotechnische Verzögerung aufweist. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that the bottom impact igniter (36) has a pyrotechnic delay. Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bodenaufschlagzünder (36) eine elektrische Verzögerung aufweist. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that the ground impact igniter (36) has an electrical delay. Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bodenaufschlagzünder (36) eine variable Zeitfunktion aufweist oder die Zeitfunktion voreinstellbar oder die Zeitfunktion mittels einer Beschleunigungssensoreinrichtung einstellbar ist. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1,
characterized, that the ground impact igniter (36) has a variable time function or the time function can be preset or the time function can be set by means of an acceleration sensor device. Ballistisches Geschoß nach Anspruch 1 mit einer Geschoßhülle (12) und einer Sprengladung (34), einem in der Geschoßhülle (12) koaxial geführten Penetrator (14), der die Sprengladung (23) und einen Zünder (36) aufweist, einem Zünder (24) am Spitzenabschnitt (20) der Geschoßhülle (12) und mit einer zwischen dem rückseitigen Ende (48) des Penetrators (14) und dem Boden (18) der Geschoßhülle (12) angeordneten Penetrator-Treibladung (50) mit Treibladungsanzünder (52),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Annäherungszünder (24) am Spitzenabschnitt (20) der Geschoßhülle (12) vorgesehen ist, der mit dem Treibladungsanzünder (52) über eine pyrotechnische oder elektrische Anschlußleitung (28) verbunden ist, zwischen der Penetrator-Treibladung (50) und dem Penetrator (14) ein axial beweglich geführter Treibboden (38) vorgesehen ist, dessen über den Durchmesser des Penetrators (14) hinausstehender Kragen (46) den Endabschnitt (48) des Penetrators (14) festlegt, der Treibboden (38) die gegenüber dem Penetrator (14) wesentlich kalibergrößere Penetrator-Treibladung (50) abdeckt und der Penetrator (14) einen Bodenaufschlagzünder (36) aufweist. Ballistic projectile according to claim 1 with a projectile casing (12) and an explosive charge (34), a penetrator (14) which is guided coaxially in the projectile casing (12) and has the explosive charge (23) and an igniter (36), an igniter (24) at the tip section (20) of the projectile casing (12) and with a penetrator propellant charge (50) with propellant charge lighter arranged between the rear end (48) of the penetrator (14) and the bottom (18) of the projectile casing (12) (52),
characterized, that a proximity fuse (24) is provided at the tip section (20) of the projectile casing (12) and is connected to the propellant charge lighter (52) via a pyrotechnic or electrical connecting line (28) between the penetrator propellant charge (50) and the penetrator ( 14) there is provided an axially moveable moving floor (38), the collar (46) of which extends beyond the diameter of the penetrator (14) and defines the end section (48) of the penetrator (14), the drift floor (38) covers the penetrator propellant charge (50) which is substantially larger in caliber than the penetrator (14) and the penetrator (14) has a ground impact detonator (36).
EP96114077A 1995-09-22 1996-09-03 Carrier projectile with a single penetrator as the submunition Expired - Lifetime EP0764826B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19535218A DE19535218C1 (en) 1995-09-22 1995-09-22 Ballistic projectile
DE19535218 1995-09-22

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EP0764826B1 EP0764826B1 (en) 1999-03-10

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Also Published As

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DE19535218C1 (en) 1997-02-27
US5656792A (en) 1997-08-12
DE59601410D1 (en) 1999-04-15
EP0764826B1 (en) 1999-03-10

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