EP2235471B1 - Projectile - Google Patents

Projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2235471B1
EP2235471B1 EP08851559A EP08851559A EP2235471B1 EP 2235471 B1 EP2235471 B1 EP 2235471B1 EP 08851559 A EP08851559 A EP 08851559A EP 08851559 A EP08851559 A EP 08851559A EP 2235471 B1 EP2235471 B1 EP 2235471B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
charge
casing
explosive charge
ignition device
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Not-in-force
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EP08851559A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2235471A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Heitmann
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Publication of EP2235471A1 publication Critical patent/EP2235471A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile with a projectile casing in which an explosive charge surrounding a splinter shell is arranged, wherein the splinter shell with the projectile casing in particular is firmly connected, and wherein the projectile for igniting the explosive charge one of the explosive charge on the rear adjacent preferably adjustable (first) ignition device includes.
  • Shrapnel projectiles are usually constructed in such a way that they allow a targeted strong fragmentation effect in closed rooms or in a free landscape. It is therefore not possible with known fragmentation projectiles to use them even if the requirement arises from the respective combat situation that no splinters act on the corresponding target, but only the pressure waves produced during the explosion are to be exploited. Such a situation may occur, for example, when a terrorist group is to be fought with an anti-tank projectile and the tank commander immediately before the firing of the projectile finds that near the terrorist group is a kindergarten, so that the fragments of the projectile also a large number of uninvolved persons would endanger.
  • a fragmentation warhead for controlling technical targets is already known with an explosive charge surrounded by a shatter-forming sheath which can be reduced or destroyed in its effect by means of one or more low-power detonative means. That is, in addition to the detonative or deflagrative initiation of the explosive charge, this also has effective means for the controlled power reduction of the fragment-forming shell of the warhead.
  • the explosive charge is surrounded by a thin jacket, on the outside of a circumferential fragment-forming shell is provided, which can be moved or rotated on the mantle. Due to the displaceability of the shell, the performance of the fragmentation is influenced so that only in this part it comes to splintering. The same can be achieved by means of rotation of the sleeve.
  • the disadvantage is the complicated structure. In addition, an additional space is needed.
  • the invention has for its object to disclose a projectile, which can be used either as a fragmentation projectile or as a projectile, in which the effect of the resulting in the explosion of the explosive charge pressure waves are utilized.
  • the invention is based on the idea of arranging an ejection charge and an explosive charge which can be displaced axially with respect to the fragmentation envelope in the projectile, which makes it possible to push the explosive charge out of the projectile casing at least so far that in an explosion it no longer acts on the splinter casing firmly connected to the projectile casing.
  • the ejection charge If the ejection charge is not activated in such a projectile, it acts as a pure splinter projectile, since the explosive charge - as in known projectiles - is within the fragmentation shell. If, on the other hand, the ejection charge is activated prior to the ignition of the explosive charge, the explosive charge is at least partially pushed out of the projectile envelope and thus out of the splinter shell, and the subsequently activated explosive charge does not cause the splinter shell remaining in the remaining projectile to split apart, so that in this case only the Pressure waves of the explosive charge in the target area come into effect.
  • the explosive charge and the first ignition device are non-positively connected to each other and form a structural unit.
  • the explosive charge in order to achieve the minimum strength required for launching the projectile is enclosed by a carrier jacket (for example a copper jacket), which is non-positively connected to the first ignition device.
  • the ejection charge is preferably arranged in an annular cavity surrounding the splitter casing, wherein the assembly consisting of explosive charge and first ignition device has a radially projecting annular surface onto which the resulting propellant charge gases act after ignition of the ejection charge.
  • the radially projecting annular surface may be the front side (of the housing) of the first ignition device facing the explosive charge.
  • the projectile may, for example, be a wing-stabilized tank projectile with a caliber ⁇ 100 mm (for example a caliber of 120 mm).
  • the projectile is a projectile with two axially successively in the projectile casing arranged warheads acts.
  • the rear side arranged first warhead as a fragmentation warhead with rear side movable explosive charge and the front side arranged second warhead trained as a shaped charge warhead.
  • the second warhead then generates by means of the resulting shaped charge jet, for example, an opening in the wall of a building or armored vehicle, through which the first warhead enters the building and then within the building either as a splinter projectile or - when pushed out of the splinter shell explosive charge - by the effect the pressure waves of the explosive charge acts.
  • Fig.1 1 is a large-caliber, wing-stabilized projectile (with a caliber of, for example, 120 mm), which can be fired, for example, from a tank cannon.
  • the wings (of a wound wire unit) 2 are still in the unfolded state and are wound around a projectile casing 3 at the rear.
  • two warheads 4, 5 are arranged axially behind one another in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the rear-side first warhead 4 is formed as a fragmentation warhead and the second warhead 5 located in front of it as a shaped charge warhead.
  • Both warheads 4, 5 are separated from each other by a damper element 6, so that upon activation of the shaped charge warhead 5, the forming shock waves cause no destruction or activation of the first warhead 4.
  • one of a carrier shell 7 eg copper ( Figure 3 ) surrounding explosive charge 8, which is located within a splitter shell 9 connected to the projectile casing 3.
  • the splinter shell 9 is firmly connected to the projectile casing 3 via several steel scrapers 10 distributed uniformly over the circumference ( Fig.2 ).
  • one of the explosive charge 8 rear adjacent tempierbare first ignition device 11 is arranged (for reasons of clarity are in Fig.1 and 3 only the receiving device for the detonator, not shown), wherein the explosive charge 8 and the housing 12 of the first ignition device 11 are frictionally connected to each other via a plate-shaped flange 100, so that the explosive charge 8 and the first ignition device 11 form a structural unit 13.
  • This assembly 13 is fixed within the projectile casing 3, for example, characterized in that the first ignition device 11 is glued or pressed into the projectile casing 3.
  • the explosive charge 8 is mounted so as to be displaceable in the projectile casing 3 in the axial direction towards the rear 14 of the projectile 1.
  • the displacement is effected by means of a discharge charge 15, which is arranged in an annular cavity 16 surrounding the splitter casing 9 on the outside.
  • the cavity 16 is bounded on the rear side by a radially projecting annular surface 17 of the housing 12 of the first ignition device 11.
  • the projectile 1 is fired at the target without additional information being present on the first ignition device 11 have been transmitted via an ignition of the ejection charge 15.
  • the shaped charge warhead 5 is ignited by means of a second ignition device 19.
  • the resulting shaped charge jet generates in the corresponding wall of the target an opening through which the first warhead 4 reaches the interior of the target.
  • the second ignition device 19 and the first ignition device 11 is activated, which then after the entry of the first warhead 4 in the target activates the explosive charge 8, so that the splinter shell 9 ruptures and splinters are thrown radially into the interior of the target at high speed.
  • the ejection charge 15 is activated. Due to the resulting propellant charge gases consisting of the first ignition device 11 and the explosive charge 8 assembly 13 is ejected against the firing direction in the interior of the target and the fragmentation shell 9 remains in the rest of the floor. Only after the ejection of the explosive charge 8 from the projectile casing 3, the explosive charge 8 is then ignited by the associated with her first ignition device 11, so that the forming pressure waves no longer act on the splinter shell 9.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • the ejection charge need not necessarily be arranged as a ring charge in the projectile casing, but can for example be arranged in front of the explosive charge, so that the resulting propellant charge gases act on the jacket of the explosive charge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Geschoss mit einer Geschosshülle, in welcher eine von einer Splitterhülle umgebende Sprengladung angeordnet ist, wobei die Splitterhülle mit der Geschosshülle insbesondere fest verbunden ist, und wobei das Geschoss zur Zündung der Sprengladung eine der Sprengladung heckseitig benachbarte vorzugsweise tempierbare (erste) Zündeinrichtung umfasst.The invention relates to a projectile with a projectile casing in which an explosive charge surrounding a splinter shell is arranged, wherein the splinter shell with the projectile casing in particular is firmly connected, and wherein the projectile for igniting the explosive charge one of the explosive charge on the rear adjacent preferably adjustable (first) ignition device includes.

Splittergeschosse sind üblicherweise derart aufgebaut, dass sie eine gezielte starke Splitterwirkung in geschlossenen Räumen oder in freier Landschaft ermöglichen. Es ist daher mit bekannten Splittergeschossen nicht möglich, diese auch dann einzusetzen, wenn sich aus der jeweiligen Gefechtssituation die Forderung ergibt, dass auf das entsprechende Ziel keine Splitter einwirken, sondern lediglich die bei der Explosion entstehenden Druckwellen ausgenutzt werden sollen. Eine derartige Situation kann beispielsweise dann eintreten, wenn eine Terrorgruppe mit einem als Splittergeschoss ausgebildeten Panzergeschoss bekämpft werden soll und der Panzerkommandant unmittelbar vor dem Abfeuern des Geschosses feststellt, dass sich in der Nähe der Terrorgruppe ein Kindergarten befindet, so dass die Splitter des Geschosses auch eine große Anzahl unbeteiligter Personen gefährden würde.Shrapnel projectiles are usually constructed in such a way that they allow a targeted strong fragmentation effect in closed rooms or in a free landscape. It is therefore not possible with known fragmentation projectiles to use them even if the requirement arises from the respective combat situation that no splinters act on the corresponding target, but only the pressure waves produced during the explosion are to be exploited. Such a situation may occur, for example, when a terrorist group is to be fought with an anti-tank projectile and the tank commander immediately before the firing of the projectile finds that near the terrorist group is a kindergarten, so that the fragments of the projectile also a large number of uninvolved persons would endanger.

Aus der WO 01/79780 A ist bereits ein Splittergefechtskopf zur Bekämpfung technischer Ziele mit einer von einer splitterbildenden Hülle umgebenen Sprengladung bekannt, die mit Hilfe einer oder mehrerer detonativer Mittel mit niedriger Leistung kontrolliert in ihrer Wirkung verminderbar oder zerstörbar ist. D.h., zusätzlich zur detonativen oder deflagrativen Initiierung der Sprengladung weist diese ebenso wirksame Mittel zur kontrollierten Leistungsreduzierung der splitterbildenden Hülle des Gefechtskopfes auf. Dazu wird die Sprengladung von einem dünnen Mantel umschlossen, auf dessen Außenseite eine umlaufende splitterbildende Hülle vorgesehen ist, die auf dem Mantel verschoben oder verdreht werden kann. Durch die Verschiebbarkeit der Hülle wird die Leistung der Splitterbildung derart beeinflusst, dass nur in diesem Teil es zur Splitterbildung kommt. Gleiches ist mittels Drehung der Hülse erreichbar. Nachteilig ist der komplizierte Aufbau. Zudem wird ein zusätzlicher Bauraum benötigt.From the WO 01/79780 A For example, a fragmentation warhead for controlling technical targets is already known with an explosive charge surrounded by a shatter-forming sheath which can be reduced or destroyed in its effect by means of one or more low-power detonative means. That is, in addition to the detonative or deflagrative initiation of the explosive charge, this also has effective means for the controlled power reduction of the fragment-forming shell of the warhead. For this purpose, the explosive charge is surrounded by a thin jacket, on the outside of a circumferential fragment-forming shell is provided, which can be moved or rotated on the mantle. Due to the displaceability of the shell, the performance of the fragmentation is influenced so that only in this part it comes to splintering. The same can be achieved by means of rotation of the sleeve. The disadvantage is the complicated structure. In addition, an additional space is needed.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Geschoss zu offenbaren, welches wahlweise als Splittergeschoss oder als Geschoss einsetzbar ist, bei dem die Wirkung der bei der Explosion der Sprengladung entstehenden Druckwellen ausgenutzt werden.The invention has for its object to disclose a projectile, which can be used either as a fragmentation projectile or as a projectile, in which the effect of the resulting in the explosion of the explosive charge pressure waves are utilized.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht im wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, eine Ausstoßladung sowie eine axial gegenüber der Splitterhülle verschiebbare Sprengladung in dem Geschoss anzuordnen, die es ermöglicht, die Sprengladung aus der Geschosshülle mindestens so weit herauszuschieben, dass sie bei einer Explosion nicht mehr auf die fest mit der Geschosshülle verbundene Splitterhülle wirkt.Essentially, the invention is based on the idea of arranging an ejection charge and an explosive charge which can be displaced axially with respect to the fragmentation envelope in the projectile, which makes it possible to push the explosive charge out of the projectile casing at least so far that in an explosion it no longer acts on the splinter casing firmly connected to the projectile casing.

Wird bei einem derartigen Geschoss die Ausstoßladung nicht aktiviert, wirkt es als reines Splittergeschoss, da sich die Sprengladung - wie bei bekannten Geschossen - innerhalb der Splitterhülle befindet. Wird hingegen die Ausstoßladung vor der Zündung der Sprengladung aktiviert, so wird zunächst die Sprengladung mindestens teilweise aus der Geschosshülle und damit aus der Splitterhülle herausgeschoben, und die anschließend aktivierte Sprengladung bewirkt kein Auseinanderreißen der in dem Restgeschoss verbleibenden Splitterhülle, so dass in diesem Fall lediglich die Druckwellen der Sprengladung in dem Zielgebiet zur Wirkung kommen.If the ejection charge is not activated in such a projectile, it acts as a pure splinter projectile, since the explosive charge - as in known projectiles - is within the fragmentation shell. If, on the other hand, the ejection charge is activated prior to the ignition of the explosive charge, the explosive charge is at least partially pushed out of the projectile envelope and thus out of the splinter shell, and the subsequently activated explosive charge does not cause the splinter shell remaining in the remaining projectile to split apart, so that in this case only the Pressure waves of the explosive charge in the target area come into effect.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Sprengladung und die erste Zündeinrichtung kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden und bilden eine Baueinheit. Dabei wird die Sprengladung zur Erzielung der beim Abschuss des Geschosses erforderlichen Mindestfestigkeit von einem Trägermantel (beispielsweise einem Kupfermantel) umschlossen, der kraftschlüssig mit der ersten Zündeinrichtung verbunden ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the explosive charge and the first ignition device are non-positively connected to each other and form a structural unit. In this case, the explosive charge in order to achieve the minimum strength required for launching the projectile is enclosed by a carrier jacket (for example a copper jacket), which is non-positively connected to the first ignition device.

Die Ausstoßladung ist vorzugsweise in einem ringförmigen, die Splitterhülle außenseitig umgebenden Hohlraum angeordnet, wobei die aus Sprengladung und erster Zündeinrichtung bestehende Baueinheit eine radial vorstehende Kreisringfläche aufweist, auf welche nach Zündung der Ausstoßladung die entstehenden Treibladungsgase wirken. Dabei kann es sich bei der radial vorstehenden Kreisringfläche um die der Sprengladung zugewandte Vorderseite (des Gehäuses) der ersten Zündeinrichtung handeln.The ejection charge is preferably arranged in an annular cavity surrounding the splitter casing, wherein the assembly consisting of explosive charge and first ignition device has a radially projecting annular surface onto which the resulting propellant charge gases act after ignition of the ejection charge. In this case, the radially projecting annular surface may be the front side (of the housing) of the first ignition device facing the explosive charge.

Zur Befestigung der Splitterhülle an der Geschosshülle hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, mehrere, gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete Stahlkerbstifte vorzusehen.To attach the splinter shell to the projectile casing, it has proved to be useful to provide several, evenly distributed over the circumference arranged Stahlkerbstifte.

Bei dem Geschoss kann es sich beispielsweise um ein flügelstabilisiertes Panzergeschoss mit einem Kaliber ≥ 100 mm (z.B. mit einem Kaliber von 120 mm) handeln.The projectile may, for example, be a wing-stabilized tank projectile with a caliber ≥ 100 mm (for example a caliber of 120 mm).

Je nach Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn es sich bei dem Geschoss um ein Geschoss mit zwei axial hintereinander in der Geschosshülle angeordneten Gefechtsköpfen handelt. Dabei sind der heckseitig angeordnete erste Gefechtskopf als Splittergefechtskopf mit heckseitig verschiebbarer Sprengladung und der vorderseitig angeordnete zweite Gefechtskopf als Hohlladungsgefechtskopf ausgebildet. Der zweite Gefechtskopf erzeugt dann mittels des entstehenden Hohlladungsstrahles beispielsweise eine Öffnung in der Wand eines Gebäudes oder gepanzerten Fahrzeuges, durch welches der erste Gefechtskopf in das Gebäude gelangt und dann innerhalb des Gebäudes entweder als Splittergeschoss oder - bei aus der Splitterhülle herausgeschobener Sprengladung- durch die Wirkung der Druckwellen der Sprengladung wirkt.Depending on the use of the projectile according to the invention, it may be advantageous if the projectile is a projectile with two axially successively in the projectile casing arranged warheads acts. Here, the rear side arranged first warhead as a fragmentation warhead with rear side movable explosive charge and the front side arranged second warhead trained as a shaped charge warhead. The second warhead then generates by means of the resulting shaped charge jet, for example, an opening in the wall of a building or armored vehicle, through which the first warhead enters the building and then within the building either as a splinter projectile or - when pushed out of the splinter shell explosive charge - by the effect the pressure waves of the explosive charge acts.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den folgenden, anhand von Figuren erläuterten Ausführungsbeispielen. Es zeigen:

Fig.1
den Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäßes Geschoss mit zwei Gefechtsköpfen, wobei der heckseitig erste Gefechtskopf eine aus einer Sprengladung und einer ersten Zündeinrichtung bestehende Baueinheit umfasst;
Fig.2
einen Schnitt durch das in Fig.1 dargestellte Geschoss entlang der dort mit II-II bezeichneten Schnittlinie und
Fig.3
einen vergrößerten Längsschnitt der in Fig.1 dargestellten, aus Sprengladung und ersten Zündeinrichtung bestehenden Baueinheit.
Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:
Fig.1
the longitudinal section through an inventive projectile with two warheads, wherein the rear side first warhead comprises a consisting of an explosive charge and a first ignition unit assembly;
Fig.2
a cut through the in Fig.1 shown projectile along there with II-II designated cutting line and
Figure 3
an enlarged longitudinal section of in Fig.1 represented, consisting of explosive charge and first ignition unit assembly.

In Fig.1 ist mit 1 ein großkalibriges, flügelstabilisiertes Geschoss (mit einem Kaliber von z.B. 120 mm) bezeichnet, welches beispielsweise aus einer Panzerkanone verschießbar ist. Dabei befinden sich die Flügel (eines Wickelleitwerkes) 2 noch im nicht entfalteten Zustand und sind heckseitig um eine Geschosshülle 3 herumgewickelt.In Fig.1 1 is a large-caliber, wing-stabilized projectile (with a caliber of, for example, 120 mm), which can be fired, for example, from a tank cannon. In this case, the wings (of a wound wire unit) 2 are still in the unfolded state and are wound around a projectile casing 3 at the rear.

In der Geschosshülle 3 sind bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwei Gefechtsköpfe 4, 5 axial hintereinander angeordnet. Dabei ist der heckseitige erste Gefechtskopf 4 als Splittergefechtskopf und der davor befindliche zweite Gefechtskopf 5 als Hohlladungsgefechtskopf ausgebildet. Beide Gefechtsköpfe 4, 5 sind durch ein Dämpferelement 6 voneinander getrennt, so dass bei Aktivierung des Hohlladungsgefechtskopfes 5 die sich ausbildenden Stoßwellen keine Zerstörung oder Aktivierung des ersten Gefechtskopfes 4 bewirken.In the projectile casing 3, two warheads 4, 5 are arranged axially behind one another in the illustrated embodiment. In this case, the rear-side first warhead 4 is formed as a fragmentation warhead and the second warhead 5 located in front of it as a shaped charge warhead. Both warheads 4, 5 are separated from each other by a damper element 6, so that upon activation of the shaped charge warhead 5, the forming shock waves cause no destruction or activation of the first warhead 4.

In dem ersten Gefechtskopf 4 ist eine von einem Trägermantel 7 (z.B. Kupfer) (Fig.3) umgebende Sprengladung 8 angeordnet, die sich innerhalb einer mit der Geschosshülle 3 verbundenen Splitterhülle 9 befindet. Dabei ist die Splitterhülle 9 mit der Geschosshülle 3 über mehrere, gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete Stahlkerbstifte 10 fest verbunden (Fig.2).In the first warhead 4, one of a carrier shell 7 (eg copper) ( Figure 3 ) surrounding explosive charge 8, which is located within a splitter shell 9 connected to the projectile casing 3. The splinter shell 9 is firmly connected to the projectile casing 3 via several steel scrapers 10 distributed uniformly over the circumference ( Fig.2 ).

Außerdem ist zur Zündung der Sprengladung 8 in der Geschosshülle 3 eine der Sprengladung 8 heckseitig benachbarte tempierbare erste Zündeinrichtung 11 angeordnet (aus Gründen einer besseren Übersicht sind in Fig.1 und 3 lediglich die Aufnahmeeinrichtung für den nicht dargestellten Zünder wiedergegeben), wobei die Sprengladung 8 und das Gehäuse 12 der ersten Zündeinrichtung 11 über einen plattenförmig ausgebildeten Flansch 100 kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden sind, so dass die Sprengladung 8 und die erste Zündeinrichtung 11 eine Baueinheit 13 bilden. Diese Baueinheit 13 wird innerhalb der Geschosshülle 3 beispielsweise dadurch fixiert, dass die erste Zündeinrichtung 11 in die Geschosshülle 3 eingeklebt oder eingepresst wird.In addition, for the ignition of the explosive charge 8 in the projectile casing 3 one of the explosive charge 8 rear adjacent tempierbare first ignition device 11 is arranged (for reasons of clarity are in Fig.1 and 3 only the receiving device for the detonator, not shown), wherein the explosive charge 8 and the housing 12 of the first ignition device 11 are frictionally connected to each other via a plate-shaped flange 100, so that the explosive charge 8 and the first ignition device 11 form a structural unit 13. This assembly 13 is fixed within the projectile casing 3, for example, characterized in that the first ignition device 11 is glued or pressed into the projectile casing 3.

Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass die Sprengladung 8 in axialer Richtung zum Heck 14 des Geschosses 1 hin verschiebbar in der Geschosshülle 3 gelagert ist. Dabei wird die Verschiebung mittels einer Ausstoßladung 15 bewirkt, die in einem ringförmigen, die Splitterhülle 9 außenseitig umgebenden Hohlraum 16 angeordnet ist. Der Hohlraum 16 wird heckseitig durch eine radial vorstehende Kreisringfläche 17 des Gehäuses 12 der ersten Zündeinrichtung 11 begrenzt.According to the invention, it is now provided that the explosive charge 8 is mounted so as to be displaceable in the projectile casing 3 in the axial direction towards the rear 14 of the projectile 1. In this case, the displacement is effected by means of a discharge charge 15, which is arranged in an annular cavity 16 surrounding the splitter casing 9 on the outside. The cavity 16 is bounded on the rear side by a radially projecting annular surface 17 of the housing 12 of the first ignition device 11.

Soll nun beispielsweise ein gepanzertes Ziel mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Geschoss 1 bekämpft werden, wobei die Splitter des ersten Gefechtskopfes 4 im Inneren des Zieles voll zur Wirkung kommen sollen, so wird das Geschoss 1 auf das Ziel abgefeuert, ohne dass auf die erste Zündeinrichtung 11 vorher Zusatzinformationen über eine Zündung der Ausstoßladung 15 übertragen wurden.If, for example, an armored target is to be fought with the projectile 1 according to the invention, whereby the fragments of the first warhead 4 inside the target are to be fully effective, the projectile 1 is fired at the target without additional information being present on the first ignition device 11 have been transmitted via an ignition of the ejection charge 15.

Sobald daher ein vorderseitig an dem Geschoss 1 angeordneter Sensor 18 auf das Ziel auftrifft, wird der Hohlladungsgefechtskopf 5 mittels einer zweiten Zündeinrichtung 19 gezündet. Der dabei entstehende Hohlladungsstrahl erzeugt in der entsprechenden Wand des Zieles eine Öffnung, durch die der erste Gefechtskopf 4 in das Innere des Zieles gelangt. Gleichzeitig mit Aktivierung der zweiten Zündeinrichtung 19 wird auch die erste Zündeinrichtung 11 aktiviert, die dann nach dem Eintritt des ersten Gefechtskopfes 4 in das Ziel die Sprengladung 8 aktiviert, so dass die Splitterhülle 9 aufreißt und Splitter mit hoher Geschwindigkeit radial in den Innenraum des Zieles geschleudert werden.Therefore, as soon as a front side arranged on the projectile 1 sensor 18 impinges on the target, the shaped charge warhead 5 is ignited by means of a second ignition device 19. The resulting shaped charge jet generates in the corresponding wall of the target an opening through which the first warhead 4 reaches the interior of the target. Simultaneously with activation of the second ignition device 19 and the first ignition device 11 is activated, which then after the entry of the first warhead 4 in the target activates the explosive charge 8, so that the splinter shell 9 ruptures and splinters are thrown radially into the interior of the target at high speed.

Soll nun der Innenraum des Zieles möglichst wenig durch Splitter beschädigt werden und lediglich die durch die Aktivierung der Sprengladung 8 erzeugte Druckwelle zur Wirkung kommen, so wird von dem jeweiligen Panzerkommandanten in die tempierbare erste Zündeinrichtung 11 eine Zusatzinformation eingegeben, so dass kurze Zeit vor der eigentlichen Zündung der Sprengladung 8 die Ausstoßladung 15 aktiviert wird. Durch die dadurch entstehenden Treibladungsgase wird die aus der ersten Zündeinrichtung 11 und der Sprengladung 8 bestehende Baueinheit 13 entgegen der Abschussrichtung in den Innenraum des Zieles ausgestoßen und die Splitterhülle 9 verbleibt in dem Restgeschoss. Erst nach dem Ausstoßen der Sprengladung 8 aus der Geschosshülle 3 wird die Sprengladung 8 dann durch die mit ihr verbundene erste Zündeinrichtung 11 gezündet, so dass die sich ausbildenden Druckwellen nicht mehr auf die Splitterhülle 9 wirken.If now the interior of the target as little as possible to be damaged by splinters and only the pressure wave generated by the activation of the explosive charge 8 effect, so by the respective tank commandant in the tempierbare first ignition device 11 is entered additional information, so that a short time before the actual Ignition of the explosive charge 8, the ejection charge 15 is activated. Due to the resulting propellant charge gases consisting of the first ignition device 11 and the explosive charge 8 assembly 13 is ejected against the firing direction in the interior of the target and the fragmentation shell 9 remains in the rest of the floor. Only after the ejection of the explosive charge 8 from the projectile casing 3, the explosive charge 8 is then ignited by the associated with her first ignition device 11, so that the forming pressure waves no longer act on the splinter shell 9.

Die Erfindung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. So ist es insbesondere nicht erforderlich, dass das Geschoss aus zwei Gefechtsköpfen besteht. Vielmehr wird in der Regel kein zusätzlicher Hohlladungsgefechtskopf vorgesehen sein, so dass das Geschoss lediglich aus einem Gefechtskopf mit Splitterhülle und gegenüber der Splitterhülle verschiebbarer Sprengladung besteht.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. In particular, it is not necessary for the projectile to consist of two warheads. Rather, no additional shaped charge warhead is usually provided, so that the projectile consists only of a warhead with fragmentation shell and against the fragmentation shell displaceable explosive charge in the rule.

Auch die Ausstoßladung muss nicht zwingend als Ringladung in der Geschosshülle angeordnet sein, sondern kann beispielsweise vorderseitig vor der Sprengladung angeordnet werden, so dass die entstehenden Treibladungsgase auf den Mantel der Sprengladung wirken.The ejection charge need not necessarily be arranged as a ring charge in the projectile casing, but can for example be arranged in front of the explosive charge, so that the resulting propellant charge gases act on the jacket of the explosive charge.

Statt einer Fixierung der Splitterhülle mittels Kerbstiften an der Geschosshülle kann auch eine andere Form- und/oder Kraftschlussverbindung zwischen diesen Bauteilen erfolgen. Schließlich kann die Geschosshülle auch selbst die Splitterhülle bilden, so dass eine separate Verbindung zwischen diesen Baugruppen gänzlich entfallen kann.Instead of fixing the splinter shell by means of grooved pins on the projectile casing, another form and / or frictional connection between these components can take place. Finally, the projectile casing itself can form the splinter shell, so that a separate connection between these modules can be completely eliminated.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Geschossbullet
22
Flügelwing
33
Geschosshülleprojectile casing
44
(erste) Gefechtskopf, Splittergefechtskopf(first) warhead, fragmentation warhead
55
(zweite) Gefechtskopf, Hohlladungsgefechtskopf(second) warhead, shaped charge warhead
66
Dämpferelementdamper element
77
Kupfermantel, TrägermantelCopper coat, carrier coat
88th
Sprengladungexplosive charge
99
Splitterhüllefragmentation casing
1010
StahlkerbstiftSteel Notched pin
1111
erste Zündeinrichtungfirst ignition device
1212
Gehäusecasing
1313
Baueinheitunit
1414
HeckRear
1515
Ausstoßladungejection charge
1616
Hohlraumcavity
1717
KreisringflächeAnnular surface
1818
Sensorsensor
1919
zweite Zündeinrichtungsecond ignition device
100100
Flanschflange

Claims (12)

  1. Projectile with projectile casing (3), in which an explosive charge (8) enclosed by a fragmentation casing (9) is arranged, wherein the projectile (1) comprises an ignition device (11) for igniting the explosive charge (8) adjacent to the rear of the explosive charge (8), characterized
    - in that the explosive charge (8) is mounted in the projectile casing (3) so that it can be displaced in the axial direction towards the rear (14) of the projectile (1), and
    - in that an ejection charge (15) is located in the projectile casing (3), which is designed and is arranged in the projectile casing (3) in such a way that after ignition of the ejection charge (15) the propellant charge gases formed cause a displacement of the explosive charge out of the fragmentation (9) casing at the rear.
  2. Projectile according to Claim 1, characterized in that the ignition device (11) can be adjusted in such a way that the explosive charge (8) is optionally ignited without previous activation of the ejection charge (15) or only after activation of the ejection charge (15) and the complete ejection of the explosive charge (8) from the fragmentation casing (9).
  3. Projectile according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ignition device (11) is programmable.
  4. Projectile according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fragmentation casing (9) is joined to the projectile casing (3) in a fixed manner.
  5. Projectile according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the projectile casing (3) and the fragmentation casing (9) are joined to each other by multiple notched steel pins (10) that are uniformly distributed around the circumference.
  6. Projectile according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the explosive charge (8) and the first ignition device (11) are joined to each other in a positive manner and form a structural unit (13).
  7. Projectile according to Claim 6, characterized in that the explosive charge (8) comprises a metal casing (7), which is joined to the first ignition device (11) in a positive manner.
  8. Projectile according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the ejection charge (15) is disposed in an annular cavity (16) externally enclosing the fragmentation casing (9) and that the structural unit (13) consisting of the explosive charge (8) and the first ignition device (11) comprises a radially protruding annular surface (17) on which the propellant charge gases arising act following ignition of the ejection charge (15).
  9. Projectile according to Claim 8, characterized in that the radially protruding annular surface (17) is the front of the first ignition device (11) facing the explosive charge (8).
  10. Projectile according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the projectile (1) is a fin-stabilised tank shell with a calibre ≥ 100 mm.
  11. Projectile according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the projectile (1) is a projectile with two warheads (4, 5) arranged axially sequentially in the projectile casing (3), wherein the first warhead (4) at the rear is in the form of a fragmentation warhead with an explosive charge (8) displaceable at the rear.
  12. Projectile according to Claim 11, characterized in that the second warhead (5) is a hollow charge warhead.
EP08851559A 2007-11-23 2008-11-03 Projectile Not-in-force EP2235471B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007056785A DE102007056785A1 (en) 2007-11-23 2007-11-23 bullet
PCT/EP2008/009238 WO2009065487A1 (en) 2007-11-23 2008-11-03 Projectile

Publications (2)

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EP2235471A1 EP2235471A1 (en) 2010-10-06
EP2235471B1 true EP2235471B1 (en) 2013-01-23

Family

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EP08851559A Not-in-force EP2235471B1 (en) 2007-11-23 2008-11-03 Projectile

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US (1) US8413585B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2235471B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102007056785A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009065487A1 (en)

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US8960094B1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-02-24 BPOE Associates, Trustee for Bullet push-out explosive CRT Trust Bullet with push-out explosive
WO2015175112A2 (en) * 2014-04-11 2015-11-19 BPOE Associates, Trustee for Bullet push-out explosive CRT Trust Bullet with push-out explosive
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US10809045B1 (en) 2018-05-10 2020-10-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Forward firing fragmentation (FFF) munition including fragmentation adjustment system and associated methods

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Publication number Publication date
US20110023743A1 (en) 2011-02-03
EP2235471A1 (en) 2010-10-06
DE102007056785A1 (en) 2009-05-28
US8413585B2 (en) 2013-04-09
WO2009065487A1 (en) 2009-05-28

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