EP3014213B1 - Detonator for a mortar grenade and a mortar grenade that can be fired from a spigot mortar having such a detonator - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the active partial igniter of a mortar shell. Furthermore, the invention relates to a mortar from a mortar (also known as Spigot mortar or Fly-K mortar), provided with such an active part igniter mortar shell. The starting point of the invention is the provision of a spark ignition powder gas-initiated fuze fuse for a mechanically acting bottom detonator, for example a fly-k mortar shell.

Mortar shells that can be fired from a mortar are, for example, from the book of lan V. Hogg: "Ammunition for Light Weapons Mortar and Artillery", 1.Aufl. 1989, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart, page 106f. and 138f , known. They usually consist of a serving as a driving tube hollow tail part, which is bounded by an impact side effective body side. In the interior of the propellant tube, a propellant piston is supported by a propellant charge on the impact plate. The active part igniter is often designed as a bottom igniter.

To fire a mortar shell, the hollow tail part of the mortar shell over the pin (spigot) is pushed. This first experiences sufficient positioning or guidance. Centrally inside this spigot is on the weapon side a Zündnadelmechanismus, which makes a striking contact on a primer when shooting. This primer cap is in turn located ammunition side in a, located in the upper position of this hollow tail section driving piston. With the impact of the weapon-side Zündnadelmechanismus done via this primer the initiation of that located in this piston propellant charge powder. Those In this case, expanding propellant charge powder gases then drive this piston in the hollow tail part backwards (ie counter to the firing direction) down rapidly, causing the fly-k grenade, supported by the spigot, at high speed opposite forward of this and hereby brought about controlled controlled launch. In the lower final position during the passage of this drive piston through the hollow drive part of this is then trapped there gas-tight, which significantly minimizes that otherwise usual mortar usual Abschusssignatur (bang / smoke / flash of light) here. The propellant charge igniter is thus ignited, for example by a firing pin, which is embedded in the pin. Thereby, the driving piston is moved by the propellant gases with high power and speed to the tail end of the mortar shell. This movement acts on the pin of the mortar and the mortar shell is thrown with its one active charge (eg explosive charge) completing active part (warhead) in the air.

In order to avoid unintentional activation of the active charge during transport of the mortar shell or before reaching the target is used in known, such mortar shells as a safety device often displaceable by the firing acceleration securing bolt. This first engages in a recess of a pivotable Detonatorträgers of the projectile fuse and keeps it in its secure position, so that the detonator is held outside the alignment of a detonating chain, through which the effective charge is ignited. Once the firing acceleration of the mortar shell has reached a predetermined value, the locking pin is axially displaced against the pressure of an elastic return element (spring) and the Detonatorträger released so that this (for example, by a preloaded torsion spring) pivoted to its firing position and the detonator in alignment with a puncture needle is brought.

Similar to spin-stabilized artillery shells, mortar shells which can be fired from smooth pipes are frequently required, in addition to the known safety device, to include a safety device which acts independently of the launch acceleration. In particular, the rules adopted by NATO (STANANG 4157 and / or MIL-STD-1316E) provide for the existence of such a second security device.

From the DE 198 31 645 A1 It is known to use in mortar shells with a detonator as a further safety device, the pressure drop of the air flow, which is the Flight of the mortar shell along the arched shape of the fuse body results. Such a solution would be very expensive to implement when using a mortar shell with bottom side arranged active partial igniters, if this safety device should act directly on the Detonatorträger the igniter without the interposition of electrical or electronic systems. Further disclosed DE 199 30 045 A1 an active partial igniter for a grenade, the detonator comprising a detonator carrier which can be pivoted from a secured position to an ignition position, the detonator carrier being in operative connection with a first securing device which, when used as intended, extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the corresponding grenade, Includes a spring loaded locking pin.

The invention has for its object to disclose an active partial igniter for a mortar shell, in particular for a mortar mortar fireable from a mortar with bottom side (bottom side) arranged Wirkteilzünder containing a security system to prevent inadvertent activation of the active charge, whose operation is essentially independent of the Mortar Grenade launch acceleration is. Furthermore, it is intended to disclose a mortar shell which can be fired from a mortise and mortar, provided with such an active particle igniter.

This object is achieved with respect to the active part igniter by the features of claim 1 and with respect to the mortar shell by the features of claim 4. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

The essence of this invention is, according to design minimally invasive standards and with sufficient consideration of those fly-k-specific design features, or the functionally unchanged retention thereof, to implement here a second security device in this design. In this context, this invention draws back to passing proportionately expanding propellant gases in a breech through the bullet-side impact bottom and controlled to the front of a preferably now transversely and gas-tight slip-mounted in the weft Scherkragenbolzen. Since in a regular launch of fly-k-grenades the pressure level of the launching gases corresponds to a multiple of the shearing force in the collar of this shear collar bolt, this is in connection with the already existing first safety device (g-switch with downstream escapement) ensures that peripheral forces here can lead to any irregular trigger detonation.

The invention is therefore based essentially on the idea that the active partial igniter comprises a detonator carrier which can be pivoted from a secured position into an ignition position and which is operatively connected to a first securing device which, when used as intended, extends in the longitudinal direction of the corresponding mortar shell. comprises a spring loaded locking pin, which is supported with its first end to a shear pin. In this case, the shear pin is arranged within a transverse bore and has on its the first end of the locking pin side facing a guide contour, such that in the secured position of the Detonatorträgers the second end of the locking pin is pressed against the pressure of the spring in a recess of the Detonatorträgers and prevents a pivoting movement of the Detonatorträgers in its ignition position. The transverse bore has a connection bore through which the propellant charge gases can pass into the transverse bore when the mortar shell is launched and cause an increase in pressure sufficient to separate the part of the shear bolt provided with the guide contour from the remaining part of the shear bolt and along the transverse bore move in the direction of the outer wall of the mortar shell, so that the resting on the guide contour with its first end locking pin is pushed out of the first recess of the Detonatorträgers due to the changing guide contour and the Detonatorträger is pivotable in its firing position.

In contrast to known active partial igniters of mortar shells with a head detonator, the invention therefore proposes not to use the external air flow for actuating the safety device of the active part igniter, but the propellant charge gases acting on the bottom of the mortar shell at the firing point.

It has proved to be particularly advantageous if the shear pin is designed as a shearing collar pin.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the active part igniter according to the invention comprises in addition to the first safety device dependent on the mortar shell launching second safety device having an axially displaceable safety pin which engages in the rest position of the mortar shell by means of a return element in a second recess of the detonator igniter, and which is pressed upon reaching a predetermined launch acceleration by the inertial forces against the pressure of the return element of the second recess.

In a mortar shell of the invention, which can be fired from a mortise mortiser, with a live igniter designed as a bottom igniter, it is proposed that the shearbolt be arranged within a transverse bore located in the bottom of the mortar shell, which is connected to the propellant tube via the connecting bore arranged axially in the thrust plate.

However, it can also be provided that the active partial igniter comprises an igniter housing, which can be inserted into the mortar shell, and in which both the transverse bore with shear pins and the locking pin are located.

Fig.1

den Längsschnitt einer aus einem Zapfenmörser verschießbaren Mörsergranate im Bereich ihres einen Scherkraftbolzen umfassenden Wirkteilzünders, kurz bevor der in dem Zapfen des Mörsers angeordnete Schlagbolzen auf den Treibladungsanzünder der Mörsergranate auftrifft;

Fig.2

eine Fig.1 entsprechende Ansicht, kurz nach Zündung der Treibladung der Mörsergranate;

Fig.3

die vergrößerte Ansicht des in einer Querbohrung befindlichen Scherkragenbolzens des erfindungsgemäßen Wirkteilzünders.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:

Fig.1

the longitudinal section of a mortar shell which can be fired from a mortise mortiser in the region of its active part igniter comprising a shear force bolt, shortly before the firing pin arranged in the journal of the mortar strikes the propellant charge igniter of the mortar shell;

Fig.2

a Fig.1 corresponding view, shortly after ignition of the propellant charge of the mortar shell;

Figure 3

the enlarged view of the present in a transverse bore shear collar pin of the active part of the invention.

In the Fig.1 and 2 1 is a mortar shell which can be fired from a mortise mortar, although only the mortar shell is shown in the region of its collision surface designated 2.

The mortar shell 1 has at the rear as at the same time serving as a driving tube 3 hollow tail part, wherein the driving tube 3 is bounded at the top (in the weft direction) by the impact bottom 2. Inside the 4 of the driving tube 3 is the front part of the pin 5 of a mortise not shown. In this pin 5 an actuatable by a launcher, not shown firing pin 30 is inserted.

To the bottom 2 of the mortar pestle 1 is followed by a propellant charge 6 within the driving tube 3, which is located in a rear end of the grenade axially displaceable driving piston 7.

The mortar shell 1 comprises an effective partial igniter 8 designed as a bottom igniter with a detonator carrier 9 which can be pivoted from a secured position into an ignition position.

This detonator carrier 9 is in operative connection with a first securing device 10 according to the invention of the active part igniter 8. For this purpose, the first securing device 10 comprises a locking pin 12 which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis 100 of the mortar shell 1 and is loaded by a spring 11 against the weft direction. The locking pin 12 is supported at its first end 13 on a shearing collar bolt 14 (cf. Figure 3 ).

The shear collar bolt 14 is disposed within a transverse bore 15 in the buttock 2 of the mortar shell 1 and is positioned in the transverse bore 15 with respect to its axial degree of freedom by the shear collar 31 of the shear collar bolt 14. The shear collar bolt 14 has on its the first end 13 of the locking pin 12 side facing a guide contour 16, such that in the in the Fig.1 and 3 illustrated secured position in which the detonator located on the Detonatorträger 9 (not shown) is held outside the alignment of a firing chain, the second end 17 of the locking pin 12 against the pressure of the spring 11 in a first recess 18 (FIG. Fig.2 ) of the Detonatorträgers 9 is positively pressed and prevents pivotal movement of the Detonatorträgers 9 in its ignition position.

The transverse bore 15 is connected via a in the joint bottom 2 axially arranged connecting bore 19 with the driving tube 3.

In addition to the first securing device 10, a second securing device 20 is provided, which acts as a function of the firing acceleration of the mortar shell 1. This consists essentially of a engaging in a second recess 21 of the Detonatorträgers 9 securing bolt 22 which is acted upon by an elastic return element 23.

Subsequently, the mode of action of the two safety devices 10 and 20 of the active part igniter 8 when firing the mortar shell 1 according to the invention will be discussed below:

As in Fig.1 indicated, the mortar shell 1 is located on the pin 5 of the mortar (charged state of the mortar). If the firing pin 30 strikes the propellant charge igniter 24 by actuation of a corresponding firing device (not shown), the propellant charge 6 is ignited and the propellant piston 7 is moved by the propellant charge gases 25 with high force and velocity to the rear end of the mortar shell 1 ( Fig.2 ). In this case, the driving piston 7 acts on the pin 5 of the mortar, so that the mortar shell 1 is thrown into the air.

After ignition of the propellant charge 6 enters a portion or a metered subset of the (expanding) propellant charge gases 25 through the connecting hole 19 in the transverse bore 15 and acts on the front side 32 of the transverse bore 15 through the shear collar 31 fixed shear collar bolt 14 (FIG. Figure 3 ) and causes a pressure increase there. The resulting compressive force is sufficient to cause a shearing of the shearing collar 31, so that the axial positional fixation of the shear collar pin 14 is released. The provided with the guide contour 16 portion 26 of the shear collar pin 14 is therefore displaced along the transverse bore 15 in the direction of the outer wall 27 of the mortar shell 1. As a result, the locking pin 12 supported on the guide contour 16 with its first end 13 and prestressed by the spring 11 is pushed out of the first recess 18 of the detonator carrier 9 due to the changing guide contour 16. That is, after ignition of the propellant charge 6 results in the transverse bore 15, a pressure increase sufficient to separate the provided with the guide contour 16 portion 26 of the shear collar pin 14 of the remaining part of the shear collar pin 14 and along the transverse bore 15 in the direction of the outer wall 27th to move the mortar shell 1, so that on the guide contour (16) with its first end 13 supporting locking pin 12 is pushed out of the first recess 18 of the Detonatorträgers 9 due to the changing guide contour 16 and the Detonatorträger 9 is pivotable in its firing position.

In addition, by the acceleration of the mortar shell 1 and the locking pin 22 of the second securing device 20 against the pressure of the return element 23 is pushed out of the second recess 21, so that the Detonatorträger 9 means a torsion spring, not shown, is now pivoted to its ignition position and thus the detonator with a tapping needle, not shown, a Zündkette aligned.

The invention is of course not limited to the described embodiment. Thus, the active partial igniter according to the invention can not only be used in conjunction with mortar shells that can be fired from mortise mortars, but it can also be used for active partial igniters of mortar shells connected to tubular mortars. However, such a use is also a prerequisite that a part of the propellant charge gas formed during the firing of the mortar shell on a corresponding shear pin of the active part igniter act.

The invention is also not limited to the use of a shear pin. Also so-called shear collar bolts can be used alternatively for this purpose.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

mortar shell

2

breech

3

blowing pipe

4

Inside of the propellant tube

5

spigot

6

propellant

7

driving piston

8th

Active part igniter

9

detonator

10

(first) safety device

11

feather

12

locking pin

13

first end

14

Shear bolt, shear collar bolt

15

cross hole

16

guide contour

17

second end

18

first recess

19

connecting bore

20

(second) safety device

21

second recess

22

safety bolt

23

Return element

24

charge igniter

25

Propellant gases

26

Part of the shear bolt

27

outer wall

30

firing pin

31

shear collar

32

front

100

longitudinal axis

Claims (4)

1. Fuse for an active part of a mortar grenade, with the features:

   a) the fuse (8) for the active part comprises a detonator carrier (9) that can be pivoted from a secured position into a detonating position;

   b) the detonator carrier (9) is in operative connection with a first securing device (10), which, when used as intended, comprises a locking pin (12), which extends in the direction of the longitudinal axis (100) of the corresponding mortar grenade (1), is loaded by a spring (11) and is supported by its first end (13) on a shear bolt (14);

   c) the shear bolt (14) is arranged within a transverse bore (15) and has on its side facing the first end (13) of the locking pin (12) a guiding contour (16) in such a way that, in the secured position of the detonator carrier (9), the second end (17) of the locking pin (12) is pressed against the pressure of the spring (11) into a first recess (18) of the detonator carrier (9) and prevents a pivoting movement of the detonator carrier (9) into its detonating position;

   d) the transverse bore (15) has a connecting bore (19), by way of which the propellant charge gases during the firing of the corresponding mortar grenade (6) can enter the transverse bore and bring about an increase in pressure there that is sufficient to separate the part (26) of the shear bolt (14) that is provided with the guiding contour (16) from the remaining part of the shear bolt (14) and displace it along the transverse bore (15) in the direction of the outer wall (27) of the mortar grenade (1), so that the locking pin (12), supported by its first end (13) on the guiding contour (16), is pressed out of the first recess (18) of the detonator carrier (9) as a result of the changing guiding contour (16) and the detonator carrier (9) can be pivoted into its detonating position.
2. Active-part fuse according to Claim 1, characterized in that the shear bolt (14) is a shear collar bolt.
3. Active-part fuse according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in addition to being in operative connection with the first securing device (10), the detonator carrier (9) is in operative connection with a second securing device (20), which comprises an axially displaceable securing bolt (22), which in the rest position of the mortar grenade (1) engages by means of a restoring element (23) in a second recess (21) of the detonator carrier (9), and which on reaching a predetermined firing acceleration is pressed by the forces of inertia out of the second recess (21) against the pressure of the restoring element (23).
4. Mortar grenade (1) that can be fired from a spigot mortar, with a hollow stabilizing unit serving as a propelling tube (3), the propelling tube (3) being delimited on the front side by a breechface (2), which is adjoined in the interior (4) of the propelling tube (3) by an axially extending propellant charge (6) and the latter is adjoined by a propelling ram (7) that is axially displaceable with the rear end of the mortar grenade (1), characterized in that the mortar grenade (1) comprises an active-part fuse (8) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 that is formed as a barrel detonation fuse, the shear pin or shear collar pin (14) being arranged within a transverse bore (15) that is located in the breechface (2) of the mortar grenade (1) and is connected to the propelling tube (3) by way of the connecting bore (19) arranged axially in the breechface (2).

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