Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
  • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
  • C10G2400/10—Lubricating oil

Definitions

• the invention is related to a process for obtaining non-carcinogenic aromatic oils from a mixed distillate and an extract feed obtained in the manufacture of lubricant base oils.
• a simple feed blending and hydrotreating process is shown for producing aromatic process oil, which shows a mutogenicity index of less than one by a Modified Ames Test.
• Repsol Petroleo patent EP-839891 discloses a process for obtaining aromatic oils with a polycyclic aromatic compounds content of less than 3% (IP-346) from the mixed extract flow obtained in the manufacture of lubricant base oils, a flow which contains a polar solvent, preferably phenol, furfural or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), especially furfural, comprises: (a) cooling the flow of mixed extract to render non-polyaromatic components insoluble; (b) settling to bring about separation of the phases; (c) total or partial redissolution in solvent of the light phase obtained from the settling in (b); (d) cooling to effect separation of the non-polyaromatic components; and (e) settling to recover the light phase having a low polyaromatic compounds (PCA) content.
• a polar solvent preferably phenol, furfural or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), especially furfural
• Extract from the lubes extraction unit is re-extracted by another column (via countercurrent extraction methodology) at low temperatures.
• the major advantage for this process seems to be that it is a single step process.
• investment costs for a separate countercurrent extractor devoted to a high polycyclic stream is expensive.
• Using an existing lube extractor for this process might lead to other product contamination with PCA.
• US-A-3619414 is different from Applicants' process.
• the feed of this process is a "petroleum distillate" and the process is used for improving electrical properties or for obtaining a lighter color.
• the process describes approximately 30% aromatics in the product.
• US-A-3462358 discloses hydrorefining of the distillates and the product is used for electrical applications.
• the art of hydrorefining of the distillates is different from hydrotreating.
• An atmospheric distillate or a vacuum distillate stream is combined with a lubricant extract stream.
• a known quantity, i.e., ratio, of distillate and lubricant extract streams are blended in a mixer/feed tank.
• This well-mixed stream is then hydrotreated to obtain a product having a desired aromatic content, i.e., non-carcinogenic, high aromatic process oil.
• This process has more operating flexibility, yield and better efficiency than the processes reported in the prior literature.
• desired levels of high aromatic lubricant streams and the desired solvency properties can be achieved by varying the ratio of the feed stream components and hydrotreating conditions.
• pole oil is used as a carrier for pentachlorophenol (an insecticide) to treat wood (as a preservative).
• pentachlorophenol an insecticide
• development of a non-carcinogenic pole treating oil is a challenging area due to the properties required (a high aromatic, low viscosity stream with a flash point above 150 °F).
• AWPA American Wood Preservative Association
• the lube extract stream is the fraction as obtained when removing aromatics by means of solvent extraction from a petroleum fraction boiling in the lubricating oil range.
• Such extraction processes are known to be used in a process to prepare a lubricating base oil.
• the petroleum fraction boiling in the lubricating base oil range is suitably obtained by first distilling a crude petroleum feedstock at atmospheric pressure and subsequently performing a vacuum distillation on the residue of the atmospheric distillation.
• the distillate products obtained in the vacuum distillation also referred to as vacuum distillates, are the petroleum fractions boiling in the lubricating base oil range.
• Solvent refining and hydrorefining are process steps to prepare a base oil product starting from the petroleum fractions boiling in the lubricating base oil range as for example described in Lubricant base oil and wax processing, Avilino Sequeira, Jr., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1994, pages 2-4.
• the boiling range of the vacuum distillates are suitably between 300 and 620 °C and preferably between 350 and 580 °C.
• Deasphalted residues of the above mentioned vacuum distillation are also considered to be the petroleum fractions boiling in the lubricating base oil range according to this invention.
• hydrotreater After the two streams are well mixed, the resulting mixture is fed into a hydrotreater where it is processed under predetermined conditions, as is also well known to those skilled in the art as for example described in Lubricant base oil and wax processing, Avilino Sequeira, Jr., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, 1994, pages 138-147.
• suitable hydrotreating catalyst could be selected from the group of Nickel-Molybdenum and Nickel-Cobalt catalysts.
• Typical operating conditions of the hydrotreating process are pressures in the range of 2.72-20.4 Mpa (400-3000 psi), preferably between 6.12 and 8.16 Mpa (900 and 1200 psi) and temperatures in the range of 204-427 °C (400-800 °F) and preferably between 265 and 321 °C (510 and 610 °F).
• the resulting process oil exits the hydrotreater having the desired characteristics of high aromaticity and being non-carcinogenic.
• Feed 1 in Table 2 Distillate extracts (25 wt%) and a distillate (75 wt%) were mixed well by stirring at 50 °C for one hour. The sample was drawn out and its properties were measured: Density 0.9120 g/cc at 15.5 °C (60 °F) and the other feed properties are listed in Table 2 for Feed 1.
• Feed 2 in Table 2 Distillate extracts (20 wt%) and a distillate (80 wt%) were mixed well by stirring at 50 °C for one hour. The sample was drawn out and its properties were measured: Density 0.9046 g/cc at 15.5 °C (60 °F); D2887E Distillation 5% 411, 50% 509, 95% 939 °F; and the other feed properties are listed in Table 2 for Feed 2.
• the feed (as detailed in Example 2 above) was used.
• the feed was hydrotreated in a hydrotreating unit using a typical Ni-Mo lube oil hydrotreating catalyst at a liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.5, at 288 °C (550 °F) and at 6.8 Mpa (1000 psi) hydrogen pressure.
• LHSV liquid hourly space velocity
• the unit was allowed to line-out for several hours before collecting the product.
• the product has density 0.91 g/cc at 15.5 °C (60 °F); D2887E Distillation 5% 228 °C (443), 50% 283 °C (542), 95% 505 °C (942 °F); Kinematic viscosity 10.3 cSt at 40 °C, 2.43 cSt at 100 °C; Minimum of 10% pentachlorophenol solubility; Pour Point -57 °C (-70 °C); Color L4.5; D2549: Saturates 62.84%, Aromatics 36.32%, Polars 0.84%.
• Table 3 The other properties of the product are listed in Table 3.
• Example 4 was repeated using Feed 3. The results are in Table 4.
• UV Aromatics is a standard UV spectrophotometric method wherein an aromatic type in lubricant base oils is measured. Using this method one could measure the amount of benzenes (mono-aromatics), naphthalenes (diaromatic), phenanthrenes (triaromatics), chrysenes, tetraphenes, and polyaromatics in mmol/100 gram of oil sample. A slight increase in the aromaticity relative to feed could be due to a change in molecular weight.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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Cited By (13)

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Citations (4)

• 2001
  • 2001-05-21 US US09/862,794 patent/US20030168382A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2002
  • 2002-05-21 EP EP02076964A patent/EP1260569A3/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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