EP1240461A1 - Bougie de prechauffage - Google Patents

Bougie de prechauffage

Info

Publication number
EP1240461A1
EP1240461A1 EP00987035A EP00987035A EP1240461A1 EP 1240461 A1 EP1240461 A1 EP 1240461A1 EP 00987035 A EP00987035 A EP 00987035A EP 00987035 A EP00987035 A EP 00987035A EP 1240461 A1 EP1240461 A1 EP 1240461A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
section
glow
tip
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00987035A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1240461B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Otterbach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=7932268&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1240461(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1240461A1 publication Critical patent/EP1240461A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1240461B1 publication Critical patent/EP1240461B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for igniting a thermal combustion process, in particular for starting a self-igniting internal combustion engine, with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Glow plugs of the generic type are known. These are used to start self-igniting internal combustion engines (diesel engines). As is known, an initial ignition is required for the self-igniting combustion process to start. Glow plug plugs are used for this purpose, which are inserted in a wall of a combustion chamber (cylinder chamber in an internal combustion engine) in such a sealing manner that a glow plug protrudes into the combustion chamber. The glow plug is in contact with a fuel-air mixture to be ignited.
  • Ceramic glow plugs the glow section of which consists of a ceramic, electrically conductive material. These are characterized by high strength and high resistance to the atmosphere in the combustion chamber. Ceramic glow pencils also have a high temperature resistance.
  • the glow plug is connected to a voltage source (usually in motor vehicles with a motor vehicle battery). In accordance with the electrical resistance of the glow plug, a current flows which leads to heating of the glow section of the glow plug.
  • a glow plug in which a reduction in the electrically conductive cross section is provided in the area of a glow plug tip.
  • This reduction in the electrically conductive cross section causes a more intense heating of the glow plug takes place than in the rest of the area.
  • the reduction in the electrically conductive cross section is obtained by providing the glow plug with holes which are subsequently filled with an electrically insulating material. It is disadvantageous here that such a reduction in cross-section can only be achieved in a complex manner with additional manufacturing process steps.
  • electrical insulating materials are introduced in the area of the highest heating of the glow plug, mechanical stresses can build up due to different thermal expansion coefficients of the materials used, which can lead to damage or destruction of the glow plug.
  • the glow plug according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage that an increase in the electrical resistance in the region of the glow plug tip can be achieved in a simple manner.
  • the fact that an electrically conductive cross section of the glow plug section of the glow plug is smaller in the area of the glow plug tip than in the area of a glow plug body and the glow plug tip comprises a frustoconical section running to a longitudinal axis of the glow plug, can advantageously be the same material with the same specific electrical resistance in the glow plug tip as in the entire glow pencil body be used.
  • the reduction in the electrically conductive cross section in the region of the glow pencil tip leads to a local increase in the resistance due to the known dependence of the electrical resistance on the cross section of a current-carrying conductor.
  • Such a frustoconical section enables an exactly reproducible reduction in the electrically conductive cross section of the glow section in the region of the glow pencil tip.
  • a frustoconical section can be repeated using simple shaping tools in a reproducible manner suitable for mass production.
  • a surface of the glow plug tip running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the glow plug candle merges into a frustoconical section via a chamfer.
  • the introduction of the chamfer leads to a Cross-sectional reduction and thus an increase in resistance of the tip.
  • this truncated cone By reworking this truncated cone, its height can be reduced, thus making it possible to set a defined electrically conductive cross section of the glow section at the glow pencil tip.
  • this allows an electrical resistance of the entire glow plug to be set precisely by processing and / or reworking the truncated cone height during a resistance measurement.
  • the electrical resistance can be adapted to desired parameters, in particular a temperature to be reached in the region of the glow pencil tip.
  • Such process steps can be automated in a manner suitable for mass production.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view through a glow plug
  • FIG. 1 shows a glow plug 10 that can be used to start a self-igniting internal combustion engine.
  • the glow plug 10 comprises a candle housing 12 which is essentially hollow-cylindrical.
  • the candle housing 12 receives a glow plug 14.
  • the candle housing 12 can be arranged in a sealing manner in a wall of a cylinder housing, so that the glow plug 14 projects into the combustion chamber.
  • Glow plug 14 is electrically conductively connected to a contact pin 18 via a contact spring 16.
  • the contact pin 18 can be connected in a manner not shown to a voltage source in the motor vehicle of the motor vehicle battery, so that a voltage U + can be applied to the glow plug 14 via the contact pin 18 and the contact spring 16.
  • the glow pencil 14 itself comprises a layer (glow section) made of a ceramic, electrically conductive material which is embedded in outer layers made of an electrically non-conductive ceramic. This leads to the formation of a U-shaped conductor loop from the electrically conductive ceramic, which forms a heating conductor.
  • the glow plug 10 comprises further components, of which seals 20 and 22, a ceramic sleeve 24, a metal ring 26 and a tensioning element 28 are also designated here.
  • the seal 20 can at the same time be designed such that an electrical connection to the candle housing 12 is formed, via which the ground connection U is in turn realized. Structure and function of such glow plug Candles 10 are generally known, so that this will not be discussed in detail in the present description.
  • Glow plug 14 also has a core 30 made of an electrically insulating material.
  • the glow plug 14 is shown individually, it being indicated schematically that the voltage U can be applied to the glow plug 14 via a switching means 32.
  • Figure la shows a longitudinal section through the electrically conductive ceramic layer.
  • the electrically conductive ceramic forms a U-shaped element which encompasses the core 30 - in the sense of the current flow direction of the current I.
  • the glow plug 14 comprises a glow plug body 34 of length 1, which is essentially cylindrical. Within the candle housing 12, the glow plug body 34 forms an annular bead 36 which is supported on the candle housing 12 via the seal 20. At the end opposite the annular bead 16, the glow plug body 34 merges into a glow plug tip 38, which has a length 1 ⁇ .
  • Such a shape of the glow plug 14 results in a total of three electrically conductive sections of the glow plug 14, namely a first section 40 from the annular bead 36 to the glow plug tip 38, and a second section 42 within the glow plug tip 42 and a third section 44 back from the glow pencil tip 42 to the annular bead 36.
  • the electrically conductive ceramic material of the glow plug 14 has a known specific electrical resistance, so that the glow plug 14 can be transformed into the equivalent circuit diagram shown in FIG. 1b. This results in a series connection of the electrical resistances R 4 of section 40, R 42 of section 42 and R 44 of section 44.
  • the proportion of the resistor R 42 in the total resistance R must be much larger than the proportion of the sum of the resistors R4 0 + R4 4 in the total resistance R.
  • the resistance R3 0 of the core 30 is very much larger than the resistance R of the Glow plug 14.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 different exemplary embodiments of an optimized design of the glow plug tip 38 are shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the optimized geometry serves the goal of concentrating a high electrical resistance R 42 in the region of the glow plug tip 38, with the same specific electrical resistance values of the electrically conductive ceramic material used for the glow plug body 34 and the glow plug tip 38.
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 each show a different Largest schematic representation of a glow pencil tip 38 is shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the glow pencil tip 38 consists of a first frustoconical section 46, which is followed by a hemispherical section 48.
  • the hemispherical section 48 has a diameter d that is smaller than a diameter d] _ of the glow plug body 34.
  • the diameter d ] _ is adapted to the diameter d via the frustoconical section 46. This results in a reduction in the cross-section - as viewed perpendicular to the paper plane - from the glow plug body 34 to the hemispherical section 48 over the length 1] _ of the glow pencil tip 38.
  • the diameter d of the hemispherical section 48 By choosing the diameter d of the hemispherical section 48, the smallest cross section A of the electrical can thus be obtained Conductive section 42 of the glow pencil tip 38 are determined. This results in the transition area between the frustoconical section 46 and the hemispherical section 48. With a known voltage U and a known specific electrical resistance of the material used, the resistance R 4 can thus be selected by choosing the diameter d of the hemispherical section 48 and choosing the length l 2 of the glow pencil tip 38 can be optimized.
  • the glow plug body 34 merges via a first frustoconical section 50 into a second frustoconical section 52.
  • the input diameter of the frustoconical section 50 corresponds to the diameter d ⁇ of the glow plug body 34.
  • the output diameter d 2 of the frustoconical section 50 corresponds to the input diameter of the frustoconical section 52, which tapers down to the diameter d.
  • Section 57 allows a subsequent correction of the resistance within certain limits.
  • FIG. 4 shows a particularly preferred embodiment variant in which the frustoconical section 52 has been provided with a chamfer 54.
  • the ratio of the diameters d 3 and d 4 can be set in accordance with an angle of the chamfer 54 to a longitudinal axis of the glow plug 14. The larger this angle ⁇ , the smaller the cross-sectional area A of the line section 42 in the region of the frustoconical section 56.
  • a layer thickness d ⁇ of the Section 56 can then correct the resistance within certain limits. In accordance with the known relationships, this results in an increase in the resistance R 2.
  • a cross-section A of the line section 42 and thus an increase in the resistance R 4 2 can be achieved by simple geometric designs. In this way, very short heating times can be achieved on the glow plug 38.
  • the specific electrical resistance of the material used and the temperature coefficient of the material by optimizing the cross section A, in conjunction with the length 1 1; and thus the resistance R 42, the maximum glow temperature of the glow plug 14, in particular at the glow plug tip 38, can be set. If a ceramic with a positive temperature coefficient is used as the material for the glow pencil 34, that is, with increasing
  • a self-regulating glow plug temperature can be achieved by decreasing the glow current I with increasing resistance R.
  • the proposed geometries of the glow plugs 14 can be produced in a simple manner.
  • the glow pencils 14 are known to be formed from a "green" ceramic material and then sintered. A production of the ceramic glow pencils using injection molding technology is also conceivable.
  • Sintered glow pencils can be used during shaping the frustoconical sections 46, 50 and 52 or the hemispherical section 48 are produced by appropriate shaping tools.
  • the resistance R 4 2 of the glow pencil tip 38 can be defined in a defined manner by subsequently reducing the layer thickness d ⁇ .
  • manufacturing tolerances of the glow plug 14 can be compensated for, which can arise, for example, by an offset of the core 30 to the longitudinal axis of the glow plug 14 or if there is a deviation in the specific electrical resistance.
  • This process can be automated in the manufacture of glow plugs. The resistance is measured with simultaneous grinding. As a result, the layer thickness d ⁇ is reduced, so that the resistance increases. When the target resistance is reached, grinding is stopped.
  • Glow pencil 14 merge into each other over radii R ⁇ .
  • these radii R3 have only negligibly small effects on a cross section A to be set and thus a resistance R 42 of the glow plug tip 38 to be set.
  • the glow plug according to the invention can also be used, for example, to ignite a thermal combustion process, for example in gas boilers. It is also within the meaning of the invention if, in addition to the described possibilities for influencing the resistance, the glow plug tip 38 consists of a material with a different electrical resistance than the other regions of the glow plug 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bougie de préchauffage destinée à l'allumage d'un processus de combustion thermique, en particulier au démarrage d'un moteur à combustion interne à allumage automatique, comportant un boîtier pouvant être disposé de manière étanche dans une paroi d'une chambre de combustion, ce boîtier recevant une tige de préchauffage céramique en saillie dans la chambre de combustion. Cette tige de préchauffage forme un conducteur chauffant présentant une résistance électrique et pouvant être relié à une source de tension, une section transversale électroconductrice du conducteur chauffant au niveau de la pointe de la tige de préchauffage étant inférieure à une section transversale électroconductrice au niveau du corps de la tige de préchauffage. Selon l'invention, la pointe de la tige de préchauffage (38) comporte au moins une section tronconique (46, 50, 52).
EP00987035A 1999-12-11 2000-10-27 Bougie de prechauffage Revoked EP1240461B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19959768 1999-12-11
DE19959768A DE19959768A1 (de) 1999-12-11 1999-12-11 Glühstiftkerze
PCT/DE2000/003800 WO2001042714A1 (fr) 1999-12-11 2000-10-27 Bougie de prechauffage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1240461A1 true EP1240461A1 (fr) 2002-09-18
EP1240461B1 EP1240461B1 (fr) 2004-09-15

Family

ID=7932268

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00987035A Revoked EP1240461B1 (fr) 1999-12-11 2000-10-27 Bougie de prechauffage

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6849829B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1240461B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003516512A (fr)
KR (1) KR100670574B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19959768A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2226966T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001042714A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10155230C5 (de) * 2001-11-09 2006-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Stiftheizer in einer Glühstiftkerze und Glühstiftkerze
US7533435B2 (en) 2003-05-14 2009-05-19 Karcher North America, Inc. Floor treatment apparatus
FR2884298B1 (fr) 2005-04-12 2007-08-10 Siemens Vdo Automotive Sas Bougie de prechauffage a capteur de pression integre
US20070119153A1 (en) * 2005-11-29 2007-05-31 Pierz Patrick M Superheated urea injection for aftertreatment applications
JP4969641B2 (ja) * 2007-02-22 2012-07-04 京セラ株式会社 セラミックヒータ、このセラミックヒータを用いたグロープラグ
JP5469249B2 (ja) * 2011-04-19 2014-04-16 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータおよびその製造方法
US8978190B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2015-03-17 Karcher North America, Inc. Removable pad for interconnection to a high-speed driver system
US9097734B2 (en) 2012-01-04 2015-08-04 Amphenol Thermometrics, Inc. Ceramic heating device
USD693529S1 (en) 2012-09-10 2013-11-12 Karcher North America, Inc. Floor cleaning device
FR3043460B1 (fr) * 2015-11-05 2019-01-25 Continental Automotive France Embout anti-resonnance de cavitation et anti-suie pour capteur de pression d'un moteur a combustion interne

Family Cites Families (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5862427A (ja) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-13 Toyota Motor Corp グロ−プラグ
US4475029A (en) * 1982-03-02 1984-10-02 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ceramic heater
JPH0789589B2 (ja) * 1983-12-16 1995-09-27 日本電装株式会社 グロープラグ型発電装置
JPS61225517A (ja) 1985-03-29 1986-10-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd セラミツクグロ−プラグ
JPS62731A (ja) * 1985-06-27 1987-01-06 Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジン用グロ−プラグ
JPS62148869U (fr) * 1986-03-11 1987-09-19
JPH0311575Y2 (fr) * 1986-04-11 1991-03-20
DE3802233A1 (de) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-04 Jidosha Kiki Co Gluehkerze fuer einen dieselmotor
JPS63297924A (ja) * 1987-05-29 1988-12-05 Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd デイ−ゼルエンジン用グロ−プラグ
IT1240312B (it) 1990-01-16 1993-12-07 B 80 Srl Candela ad incandescenza per motori diesel di autoveicoli provvista diguaina tubolare presentante una riduzione di diametro in corrispondenza dell'estremita' chiusa
US5304778A (en) * 1992-11-23 1994-04-19 Electrofuel Manufacturing Co. Glow plug with improved composite sintered silicon nitride ceramic heater
DE19506950C2 (de) * 1995-02-28 1998-07-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze für Dieselmotoren
US5993722A (en) * 1997-06-25 1999-11-30 Le-Mark International Ltd. Method for making ceramic heater having reduced internal stress
DE19852785A1 (de) * 1998-09-28 2000-03-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Keramische Glühstiftkerze
US6184497B1 (en) * 1999-06-16 2001-02-06 Le-Mark International Ltd. Multi-layer ceramic heater element and method of making same
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Title
See references of WO0142714A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20020058041A (ko) 2002-07-12
KR100670574B1 (ko) 2007-01-18
EP1240461B1 (fr) 2004-09-15
DE50007813D1 (de) 2004-10-21
US6849829B1 (en) 2005-02-01
JP2003516512A (ja) 2003-05-13
ES2226966T3 (es) 2005-04-01
DE19959768A1 (de) 2001-06-13
WO2001042714A1 (fr) 2001-06-14

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