EP1239616A2 - Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Demodulation des RDS-Signals - Google Patents
Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Demodulation des RDS-Signals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1239616A2 EP1239616A2 EP02003953A EP02003953A EP1239616A2 EP 1239616 A2 EP1239616 A2 EP 1239616A2 EP 02003953 A EP02003953 A EP 02003953A EP 02003953 A EP02003953 A EP 02003953A EP 1239616 A2 EP1239616 A2 EP 1239616A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- rds
- input
- output
- pass filtered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H40/00—Arrangements specially adapted for receiving broadcast information
- H04H40/18—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H40/00—Arrangements specially adapted for receiving broadcast information
- H04H40/18—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving
- H04H40/27—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53 - H04H20/95
- H04H40/36—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53 - H04H20/95 specially adapted for stereophonic broadcast receiving
- H04H40/45—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53 - H04H20/95 specially adapted for stereophonic broadcast receiving for FM stereophonic broadcast systems receiving
- H04H40/54—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for receiving specially adapted for broadcast systems covered by groups H04H20/53 - H04H20/95 specially adapted for stereophonic broadcast receiving for FM stereophonic broadcast systems receiving generating subcarriers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/28—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information
- H04H20/33—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information by plural channels
- H04H20/34—Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information by plural channels using an out-of-band subcarrier signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H2201/00—Aspects of broadcast communication
- H04H2201/10—Aspects of broadcast communication characterised by the type of broadcast system
- H04H2201/13—Aspects of broadcast communication characterised by the type of broadcast system radio data system/radio broadcast data system [RDS/RBDS]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for demodulating the RDS signal.
- the radio data system abbreviated to RDS, was used by FM radio stations introduced to data about the broadcasters and the program they broadcast on the radio stations to send where this data on an optical display device, has a liquid crystal screen become.
- the RDS data is, for example, the program identification PI that the received program or the Specifies the name of the set station or the program type identifier PTY, which is the type of program for example Music show, news show, etc., or around the Traffic announcement identifier TA or around the radio text RT, the program accompanying Contains information such as B. Notes on Pieces of music, artists, program changes and the like.
- the radio data system is mainly used by car radios.
- RDS-compatible car radios switch on deteriorating reception of the currently tuned station automatically to a better or the best receivable and the same program broadcasting station.
- the information required for this is the program identification PI and the list of alternative frequencies AF that be broadcast by RDS-compatible radio stations.
- radio data system also offers this for home receivers Advantages for listeners, e.g. B. the program type identifier PTY and the radio text RT, which have already been mentioned and explained.
- the RDS signal is a binary signal that consists of a continuous binary data stream with a bit rate of 1.1875 KBit / s exists.
- FM radio transmitters send the so-called stereo multiplex signal from the audio center signal - also called mono signal - up to 15 KHz, the stereo pilot tone at 19 KHz, the stereo signal from 23 KHz to 53 KHz and the ARI signal, a narrow band amplitude-modulated signal with a carrier of 57 KHz becomes.
- ARI is the acronym for Driver Broadcasting Information.
- the RDS signal which has a wider bandwidth than the ARI signal is superimposed on the ARI signal.
- this achieves a high data rate for the RDS signal is, on the other hand, disturbances of the audio center signal, the Stereo signal, the stereo pilot tone and the ARI signal the RDS signal is excluded is the frequency spectrum of the RDS signal limited to ⁇ 2.4 KHz.
- the RDS signal is extracted from the RDS data stream by double sideband amplitude modulation generated with carrier suppression. Moreover becomes the suppressed RDS carrier compared to the ARI carrier from 57 kHz by 90 ° out of phase. Through this quadrature modulation become interference of the ARI signal by the RDS signal largely suppressed.
- the broadcaster will be the carrier of the type described Formed stereo multiplex signal frequency-modulated and broadcast.
- the received frequency-modulated is on the receiver side Carrier demodulated to obtain the stereo multiplex signal, from which by demodulation in addition to the audio signals the RDS signal is won.
- this task is performed with those specified in claim 1
- the sampled stereo multiplex signal in a first branch with the kophasal component multiplied by a digital oscillator and the resulting Signal is then low pass filtered that the sampling rate of the low-pass filtered signal by a specifiable Division factor is divided that the low-pass filtered High pass filtered signal at the divided sampling rate that the high pass filtered signal in an RDS decoder is decoded that the stereo multiplex signal in a second branch with the quadrature component of the digital Multiplied oscillator and then the resulting signal is low pass filtered that the sampling rate of the low-pass filtered signal by a predeterminable division factor is shared that the low-pass filtered signal with the divided sampling rate is high-pass filtered and that from the high-pass filtered signal of the first and second branches and the RDS bit clock the phase position between the carrier of the RDS signal and the output signal of the oscillator Error signal is calculated from after filtering generates a correction signal for the
- the sampled stereo multiplex signal at the first input of a first multiplier and a second multiplier is that the kophasal component a digital oscillator at the second input of the first multiplier and the quadrature component of the digital Oscillator at the second input of the second multiplier is that the output of the first multiplier by is connected to the input of a first low pass, whose output is connected to the input of a first divider, the Output connected to the input of a first high pass is that the output of the second multiplier by that Input of a second low pass is connected, the output is connected to the input of a second divider, the Output connected to the input of a second high pass is that the exit of the first high pass with the first Input of a computing unit, the input of an RDS decoder, at the output of which the RDS data can be removed, and connected to the first control input of a clock generator is that the output of the second high pass with the second
- the method according to the invention provides that the received Stereo multiplex signal is first sampled.
- the sampled Stereo multiplex signal is in a first branch with the Multiplied kophasal component of a digital oscillator.
- the resulting signal is low pass filtered.
- the sampling rate of the low-pass filtered signal is determined by a division factor divided. This low pass filtered in the sampling rate decimated Signal is high pass filtered and decoded in an RDS decoder.
- a second branch the sampled stereo multiplex signal with the quadrature component of the digital oscillator multiplied.
- the resulting signal becomes like the first Low pass filtered branch.
- the sampling rate of the low pass filtered Signals is also shared.
- the low pass filtered and in the decimated sampling rate signal is high pass filtered.
- Out the high-pass filtered signal from the first and second branches as well as from the RDS bit clock the phase position between the carrier of the RDS signal and the output signal of the oscillator descriptive error signal calculated from which after filtering generates a correction signal for the digital oscillator becomes.
- the sampling frequency for sampling the received stereo multiplex signal is chosen so that the spectrum of the RDS signal in the area around its carrier completely from the digital signal is represented.
- the sampling frequency is preferably higher chosen as 120 KHz.
- the division factor for dividing the sampling rate of the low-pass filtered Signals is selected to be 16, for example.
- the RDS bit clock is used, for example, by a clock generator generated by the digital oscillator and the high-pass filtered Signal from the first branch is controlled.
- the sampled stereo multiplex signal MPX is at the first input a multiplier M1 and a multiplier M2.
- the kophasal component I of a digital oscillator OZ lies at the second input of multiplier M1, while the quadrature component Q of the digital oscillator OZ at the second input of the multiplier M2.
- the output of the multiplier M1 is connected to the input of a low pass TP1, whose output is connected to the input of a divider D1 is.
- the output of divider D1 is connected to the input one High pass HP1 connected, the output of which is connected to the input of a RDS decoder DE and with the first input of a computing unit RE is connected.
- the output of multiplier is M2 connected to the input of a low pass TP2, its output is connected to the input of a divider D2.
- the exit the divider D2 is connected to the input of a high pass HP2, its output with the second input of the computing unit RE is connected.
- the output of the computing unit is RE via a filter F, preferably a loop filter, with a Control unit SE connected, the output of which is connected to the control input of the digital oscillator OZ is connected.
- a clock generator CG is provided, the Clock output with the clock input of the computing unit RE and the RDS decoder DE is connected.
- the exit of the high pass HP1 is at the first input and the output of the digital Oscillator OZ to the second input of the clock generator CG connected.
- the sampled stereo multiplex signal MPX is in a first Branch in multiplier M1 with the Kophasalkomponent I des digital oscillator OZ multiplied, then in low pass TP1 low pass filtered, its sampling rate is as follows Divider D1 divided and finally the stereo multiplex signal MPX in high pass HP1 high pass filtered.
- Divider D1 divided and finally the stereo multiplex signal MPX in high pass HP1 high pass filtered.
- the sampling frequency for sampling the stereo multiplex signal MPX is chosen so that the spectrum of the RDS signal is complete and correctly represented in the area around the 57 KHz carrier becomes.
- the sampling frequency for sampling the stereo multiplex signal MPX should therefore be selected to be greater than 120 KHz.
- the Decimation factor to decimate the sampling rate of the two low pass filtered signals should be selected so that the RDS signal is displayed correctly in the baseband.
- the division factor is chosen to be 16.
- the two high passes HP1 and HP2 are used for equal shares or to suppress low-frequency signal components caused by causes an ARI signal contained in the stereo multiplex signal MPX can be.
- the computing unit RE receives an error signal after filtering fed through the loop filter F to the control unit SE becomes.
- the control unit SE calculates a control signal Control of the digital oscillator OZ. That from the computing unit RE calculated error signal provides a measure of the phase deviation between the digital oscillator and the carrier of the RDS signal.
- the RDS bit clock is generated by the clock generator CG high pass filtered signal at the output of high pass HP1 and controlled by the output signal of the digital oscillator OZ becomes.
- the computing unit RE and the RDS decoder DE are clocked by the clock generator CG.
- the circuit arrangement in the figure represents a phase locked loop which is often abbreviated to PLL - for phase locked loop becomes.
- the calculation of the error signal in the computing unit RE is coupled with the RDS bit clock, the calculation of the Error signals only at the times when the kophasal component I is maximum. This is every quarter and every a three-quarter bit clock period. By this measure it is avoided with certainty that the error signal from the computing unit RE is calculated at a point in time at which the kophasal component I has a zero crossing.
- the clock generator CG runs free.
- the amplitude of the Kophasal component checked.
- the carrier synchronization can be found when a Zero crossing in kophasal component I the calculation cycle shifted by a quarter bit clock period for the error signal become. This measure will be a very quick one and reliable synchronization on the carrier of the RDS signal achieved.
- the carrier frequency of the RDS signal and the frequency of the digital Oscillators OZ are 57 KHz each.
- the invention which is characterized by a very fast synchronization on the carrier of the RDS signal is special suitable for car radios.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Stereo-Broadcasting Methods (AREA)
- Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- CG
- Taktgenerator
- CL
- RDS-Bittakt
- DE
- RDS-Decodierer
- D1
- Teiler
- D2
- Teiler
- F
- Schleifenfilter
- HP1
- Hochpaß
- HP2
- Hochpaß
- I
- Kophasalkomponente
- MPX
- Stereomultiplexsignal
- M1
- Multiplizierer
- M2
- Multiplizierer
- OZ
- digitaler Oszillator
- Q
- Quadraturkomponente
- RE
- Recheneinheit
- SE
- Steuereinheit
- TP1
- Tiefpaß
- TP2
- Tiefpaß
Claims (12)
- Verfahren zur Demodulation des RDS-Signals,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das abgetastete Stereomultiplexsignal (MPX) in einem ersten Zweig mit der Kophasalkomponente (I) eines Oszillators (OZ) multipliziert und das resultierende Signal anschließend tiefpaßgefiltert wird, dass die Abtastrate des tiefpaßgefilterten Signals durch einen vorgebbaren Teilungsfaktor geteilt wird, dass das tiefpaßgefilterte und in der Abtastrate dezimierte Signal hochpaßgefiltert wird, dass das hochpaßgefilterte Signal in einem RDS-Decodierer (DE) decodiert wird, dass das abgetastete Stereomultiplexsignal (MPX) in einem zweiten Zweig mit der Quadraturkomponente (Q) des Oszillators (OZ) multipliziert wird und das resultierende Signal anschließend tiefpaßgefiltert wird, dass die Abtastrate des tiefpaßgefilterten Signals durch einen vorgebbaren Teilungsfaktor geteilt wird, dass das tiefpaßgefilterte und in der Abtastrate dezimierte Signal hochpaßgefiltert wird und dass aus dem hochpaßgefilterten Signal des ersten und des zweiten Zweiges sowie dem RDS-Bittakt (CL) ein die Phasenlage zwischen dem Träger des RDS-Signals und dem Ausgangssignal des Oszillators (OZ) beschreibendes Fehlersignal berechnet wird, aus dem nach Filterung ein Korrektursignal für den Oszillator (OZ) erzeugt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der RDS-Bittakt (CL) von einem Taktgenerator (CL) erzeugt wird, der vom Oszillator (OZ) und vom hochpaßgefilterten Signal des ersten Zweiges gesteuert wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der RDS-Decodierer (DE) mit dem RDS-Bittakt (CL) getaktet wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fehlersignal zu den Zeitpunkten berechnet wird, zu denen die Kophasalkomponente (I) maximal ist. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass vor Synchronisation des Oszillators (OZ) mit dem Träger des RDS-Signals die Amplitude der Kophasalkomponente (I) geprüft wird und dass bei Detektion eines Nulldurchgangs der Kophasalkomponente (I) der Berechnungszyklus für das Fehlersignal um eine Viertelbittaktperiode verschoben wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren als Software realisiert wird. - Schaltungsanordnung zur Demodulation des RDS-Signals,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das abgetastete Stereomultiplexsignal (MPX) am ersten Eingang eines ersten Multiplizierers (M1) und eines zweiten Multiplizierers (M2) liegt, dass die Kophasalkomponente (I) eines Oszillators (OZ) am zweiten Eingang des ersten Multiplizierers (M1) und die Quadraturkomponente (Q) des Oszillators (OZ) am zweiten Eingang des zweiten Multiplizierers (M2) liegt, dass der Ausgang des ersten Multiplizierers (M1) mit dem Eingang eines ersten Tiefpasses (TP1) verbunden ist, dessen Ausgang mit dem Eingang eines ersten Teilers (D1) verbunden ist, dessen Ausgang an den Eingang eines ersten Hochpasses (HP) angeschlossen ist, dass der Ausgang des zweiten Multiplizierers (M2) mit dem Eingang eines zweiten Tiefpasses (TP2) verbunden ist, dessen Ausgang mit dem Eingang eines zweiten Teilers (D2) verbunden ist, dessen Ausgang an den Eingang eines zweiten Hochpasses (HP2) angeschlossen ist, dass der Ausgang des ersten Hochpasses (HP1) mit dem ersten Eingang einer Recheneinheit (RE), dem Eingang eines RDS-Decodierers (DE), an dessen Ausgang die RDS-Daten abnehmbar sind, und mit dem ersten Steuereingang eines Taktgenerators (CG) verbunden ist, dass der Ausgang des zweiten Hochpasses (HP) mit dem zweiten Eingang der Recheneinheit (RE) verbunden ist, deren Ausgang mit dem Eingang eines Filters (F) verbunden ist, dass der Ausgang des Filters (F) mit dem Eingang einer Steuereinheit (SE) verbunden ist, deren Ausgang an den Steuereingang des Oszillators (OZ) angeschlossen ist und dass der Ausgang des Oszillators (OZ) an den zweiten Steuereingang des Taktgenerators (CE) angeschlossen ist, dessen Taktausgang mit dem Takteingang der Recheneinheit (RE) und des RDS-Decodierers (DE) verbunden ist. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für das Filter (F) ein Schleifenfilter vorgesehen ist. - Verfahren oder Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abtastfrequenz für das Stereomultiplexsignal (MPX) so gewählt wird bzw. ist, dass das Spektrum des RDS-Signals im Bereich um den Träger des RDS-Signals vollständig vom digitalen Signal repräsentiert wird bzw. ist. - Verfahren oder Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abtastfrequenz größer als 120 KHz gewählt wird bzw. ist. - Verfahren oder Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Teilungsfaktor zu 16 gewählt wird bzw. ist. - Verfahren oder Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für den Oszillator (OZ) ein digitaler Oszillator vorgesehen wird bzw. ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10111590 | 2001-03-10 | ||
| DE10111590A DE10111590B4 (de) | 2001-03-10 | 2001-03-10 | Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Demodulation des RDS-Signals |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1239616A2 true EP1239616A2 (de) | 2002-09-11 |
| EP1239616A3 EP1239616A3 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
| EP1239616B1 EP1239616B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=7677010
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20020003953 Expired - Lifetime EP1239616B1 (de) | 2001-03-10 | 2002-02-22 | Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Demodulation des RDS-Signals |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6661292B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1239616B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE278272T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10111590B4 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60222570T2 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2008-05-21 | Sony Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zum Extrahieren einer RDS Signalkomponente und Signalempfänger |
| JP4197293B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-10 | 2008-12-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | A/d変換器、d/a変換器 |
| JP4492264B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-13 | 2010-06-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 直交検出器ならびにそれを用いた直交復調器およびサンプリング直交復調器 |
| TWI280002B (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-04-21 | Realtek Semiconductor Corp | Apparatus and method for calibrating IQ mismatch |
| US7970342B1 (en) | 2006-02-06 | 2011-06-28 | Griffin Technology Inc. | Digital music player accessory with digital communication capability |
| US7835772B2 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2010-11-16 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | FM output portable music player with RDS capability |
| WO2010041211A1 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-15 | Nxp B.V. | Frequency locking method for reception of rds data signals |
| EP2355382A1 (de) | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-10 | Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH | Empfangsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Wiedergabe in einem mobilen Empfänger |
| FR3059183B1 (fr) * | 2016-11-24 | 2019-02-01 | Continental Automotive France | Demodulation optimisee des signaux rds en radio numerique |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3624529A1 (de) * | 1986-07-19 | 1988-01-21 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Digitaler demodulator |
| DE3627007A1 (de) * | 1986-08-09 | 1988-02-18 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Demodulator zur demodulation von eingangssignalen |
| DE3715571A1 (de) * | 1987-05-09 | 1988-12-08 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Demodulator zur demodulation von eingangssignalen |
| EP0308520B1 (de) * | 1987-08-26 | 1992-12-09 | Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH | Digitaler Demodulator |
| DE3823552C2 (de) * | 1988-07-12 | 1995-08-24 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung zur Demodulation eines Hilfsträgers |
| GB2247122A (en) * | 1990-08-15 | 1992-02-19 | Philips Electronic Associated | Receivers for frequency modulated transmissions |
| EP0627138B1 (de) * | 1992-02-19 | 1996-07-10 | HENZE, Werner | Demodulator für radio-daten-signale |
| DE4234603C2 (de) * | 1992-10-14 | 1995-08-10 | Blaupunkt Werke Gmbh | Demodulator- und Fehlerkorrektur-Schaltung für Radio-Daten-Signale |
| JP3366032B2 (ja) * | 1992-12-14 | 2003-01-14 | パイオニア株式会社 | キャリア同期用pll回路 |
| FR2711464B1 (fr) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-12-22 | Telediffusion Fse | Modulateur numérique à débit variable et son utilisation en radiodiffusion FM. |
| US5507024A (en) * | 1994-05-16 | 1996-04-09 | Allegro Microsystems, Inc. | FM data-system radio receiver |
| DE59811994D1 (de) * | 1998-02-12 | 2004-10-28 | Micronas Gmbh | Trägererzeugungseinrichtung für einen digitalen Demodulator von MPX-Signalen |
| JP3671111B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-02 | 2005-07-13 | パイオニア株式会社 | Rdsデータ復調器 |
| DE19847019A1 (de) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-20 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Demodulator für ein Multiplexsignal eines RDS-Rundfunkempfängers |
| EP1094627A1 (de) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-04-25 | Sony International (Europe) GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum auffinden von RDS Informationen |
-
2001
- 2001-03-10 DE DE10111590A patent/DE10111590B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-02-22 EP EP20020003953 patent/EP1239616B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-22 DE DE50201129T patent/DE50201129D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-02-22 AT AT02003953T patent/ATE278272T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-03-11 US US10/096,342 patent/US6661292B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 US US10/729,884 patent/US20040247133A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10111590B4 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
| EP1239616A3 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
| US6661292B2 (en) | 2003-12-09 |
| ATE278272T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
| US20020140515A1 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
| DE10111590A1 (de) | 2002-10-02 |
| US20040247133A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
| DE50201129D1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
| EP1239616B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
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