EP1238414A1 - Verfahren zur epitaxie von (indium, aluminium, gallium)-nitrid auf fremdsubstraten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur epitaxie von (indium, aluminium, gallium)-nitrid auf fremdsubstratenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1238414A1 EP1238414A1 EP01984676A EP01984676A EP1238414A1 EP 1238414 A1 EP1238414 A1 EP 1238414A1 EP 01984676 A EP01984676 A EP 01984676A EP 01984676 A EP01984676 A EP 01984676A EP 1238414 A1 EP1238414 A1 EP 1238414A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- depressions
- mask
- epitaxy
- growth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B23/00—Single-crystal growth by condensing evaporated or sublimed materials
- C30B23/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B25/00—Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth
- C30B25/02—Epitaxial-layer growth
- C30B25/18—Epitaxial-layer growth characterised by the substrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/40—AIIIBV compounds wherein A is B, Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
- C30B29/403—AIII-nitrides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P14/00—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
- H10P14/20—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
- H10P14/27—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials using selective deposition, e.g. simultaneous growth of monocrystalline and non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials
- H10P14/271—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials using selective deposition, e.g. simultaneous growth of monocrystalline and non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials characterised by the preparation of substrate for selective deposition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P14/00—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
- H10P14/20—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
- H10P14/29—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials characterised by the substrates
- H10P14/2901—Materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P14/00—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
- H10P14/20—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
- H10P14/29—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials characterised by the substrates
- H10P14/2901—Materials
- H10P14/2902—Materials being Group IVA materials
- H10P14/2905—Silicon, silicon germanium or germanium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P14/00—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
- H10P14/20—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
- H10P14/29—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials characterised by the substrates
- H10P14/2924—Structures
- H10P14/2925—Surface structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P14/00—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
- H10P14/20—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
- H10P14/29—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials characterised by the substrates
- H10P14/2926—Crystal orientations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P14/00—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
- H10P14/20—Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
- H10P14/34—Deposited materials, e.g. layers
- H10P14/3402—Deposited materials, e.g. layers characterised by the chemical composition
- H10P14/3414—Deposited materials, e.g. layers characterised by the chemical composition being group IIIA-VIA materials
- H10P14/3416—Nitrides
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the epitaxy of (indium, aluminum, gallium) nitride on foreign substrates according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the substrate is not a homogeneous surface, so that the epitaxy start on the substrate, which is the decisive point for the later optical and crystallographic quality of the layer, has to be re-optimized and the possible choice of parameters is restricted (JA Smart et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1999, p. 3820). Also undesirable when using masks is the additional introduction of thermally induced tension on the surface, since the mask usually has a different thermal expansion than the (In, Al, Ga) layer and thus during heating and / or cooling Layer strained (TS Zheleva et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 1999, p. 2493).
- the object of the invention is therefore the search for a mask-free process which nevertheless enables the advantages of dislocation reduction through lateral overgrowth.
- the method according to the invention includes a form of the so-called lateral overgrowth of (In, Al, Ga) N on foreign substrates in which the substrate is pre-structured into depressions and elevations, with the special property of the lateral walls of the depressions that they form a initial separation of the growth of the (In, Al, Ga) N layer in growth fronts on the bottoms of the depressions and on the elevations in between.
- the structuring of the substrates in depressions and elevations enables lateral overgrowth from the elevations beyond the opening of the depressions.
- the prerequisite for this is a separation of the growth on the bottoms of the depressions and on the elevations, which can be achieved by preparing the side walls of the trenches. If there is no or only very little growth on the walls due to this preparation, for example passivation with an inert material, then separate growth fronts must inevitably form.
- a mask-free, uniform surface (a passivated side wall of the depression is irrelevant for the material growing from the surveys) is provided when the epitaxy is started, so that neither additional thermal tension, additional impurities in the layer, nor a significant change in growth parameters is caused at the start of growth.
- Group III nitrides are mainly used on foreign substrates such as sapphire, Sie or Si for the realization of semiconductor components such as LEDs and lasers deposited.
- the high lattice mismatch between the layer and each of these substrates leads to a high dislocation density in these layers, which impair the optical and electrical properties of components.
- the reduction in dislocation density can advantageously be achieved by the method of lateral overgrowth, in which parts of a continuous layer combine.
- the laterally growing parts of the layer have a significantly reduced dislocation density.
- the previously used methods for lateral overgrowth require a mask made of SiN x, for example.
- the application of this mask usually requires an interruption of growth or a changed process control during the nucleation of the nitride layers on the substrate.
- masking can be dispensed with in the method according to the invention, so that neither the process has to be interrupted nor changed during the nucleation of the nitride layers.
- the method according to the invention is based on structuring the substrate in depressions and elevations with suitable preparation of the walls of the depressions, so that the growth splits from the beginning into growth fronts on the elevations and in the depressions.
- the laterally growing parts of the layer on the elevations close in the course of growth over the depressions to form a closed layer.
- the inventive design of sub-claim 3 includes a useful crystallographic orientation of the trenches relative to the substrate surface. This leads to the formation of defined lateral facets of the growing crystal, which leads to better control of the coalescence of the layer, since each crystal facet grows at a specific growth rate.
- Claim 4 represents a further advantageous embodiment in such a way that the separation of the growth fronts is achieved by a sufficient steepness of the walls of the depressions and thus no additional process steps are required for the preparation of the side walls.
- Claim 5 takes into account that even after the entire overgrowth has been completed (the layer emanating from the surveys is closed across the bottom of a depression), the growth fronts are separated, and thus it is avoided that dislocations propagate from the bottom of the depression into the overgrowing layer.
- Claim 6 relates the solution explicitly to Si substrates, the use of which as substrate material is a particular problem. This enables cost-effective execution, since they have a particularly low price per area and enable connection to existing processes in microelectronics.
- La shows a schematic representation of a stripe mask which is applied directly to the substrate
- 1b shows a schematic representation of a stripe mask which is applied to a previously grown (In, Al, Ga) N layer
- FIG. 2 in a schematic representation of an overgrown
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of growth on structured substrate.
- lateral overgrowth which is used to reduce the dislocation density, is known. This makes use of the fact that a laterally growing layer with no epitaxial relationship to the substrate can grow in its natural crystallinity without the formation of dislocations.
- the lateral overgrowth is achieved in that a mask 2 is applied to a substrate 1, on which no growth (In, Al, Ga) N takes place with a suitable choice of the parameters. Parallel openings 5 in are made in the mask 2
- (In, Al, Ga) N can take place. If the growth front of the (In, Al, Ga) N layer 3 reaches the upper edge of the mask 1, the material can grow in the lateral direction over the mask 2 without dislocation. After a corresponding growth time, the (In, Al, Ga) N layer 3 can close via the mask 2, as shown in FIG. 2. With this method, problems arise that are associated with the application of the mask 2. If mask 2 is applied to a grown (In, Al, Ga) layer 3, as shown in FIG. 1b, the epitaxy process must be interrupted and restarted after mask 2 has been applied. If the mask 2 is applied before the epitaxy, as shown in FIG.
- the substrate 1 does not have a homogeneous surface, so that the epitaxy start on the substrate 1, which is the decisive point for the later optical and crystallographic quality of the (In, AI, Ga) layer 3, must be re-optimized and the possible choice of parameters is restricted.
- Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of the proposal according to the invention.
- the structuring of the substrates 1 in depressions 7 and elevations 6 enables lateral overgrowth from the elevations 6 beyond the depressions 7.
- the prerequisite here is a separation of the growth on the bottoms of the recess 7 and on the elevations 6, which can be achieved by preparing walls 4 of the recesses 7. If there is no or only very little growth on the walls 4 due to this preparation, for example by passivation with an inert material, then separate growth fronts must inevitably form.
- a light-sensitive resist mask is first applied to a silicon substrate with a Si (111) surface, and a stripe structure is also applied using conventional photolithography eg 5 ⁇ m intervals.
- the trench structure is etched into the masked surface by means of an etching process (for example by means of ion etching) with a depth of, for example, 4 ⁇ m and then the resist mask is removed again using so-called removers.
- the substrate now consists uniformly of a Si surface with untreated webs and etched trench bottoms, the side walls of which may have an undercut due to the anisotropy of typical etching processes on Si (III) surfaces.
- the structured substrate can be prepared for the epitaxy like a planar standard substrate and the epitaxy as for example in Phys. Stat. Sol. (b) 216 (1999) p. 611 (A. Strittmatter et al.).
- the parameters can be changed as described in MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res 4SI, G4.5 (1999), (H. Marchand et al.).
- the exemplary embodiment can be applied analogously to any other substrate suitable for the epitaxy of (In, Ga, Al) nitride layers, in particular to SiC and sapphire substrates.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10041285 | 2000-08-22 | ||
| DE10041285A DE10041285A1 (de) | 2000-08-22 | 2000-08-22 | Verfahren zur Epitaxie von (Indium, Aluminium, Gallium)-nitrid-Schichten auf Fremdsubstraten |
| PCT/EP2001/009713 WO2002023603A1 (de) | 2000-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Verfahren zur epitaxie von (indium, aluminium, gallium)-nitrid auf fremdsubstraten |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1238414A1 true EP1238414A1 (de) | 2002-09-11 |
Family
ID=7653461
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01984676A Withdrawn EP1238414A1 (de) | 2000-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Verfahren zur epitaxie von (indium, aluminium, gallium)-nitrid auf fremdsubstraten |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20030111008A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1238414A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2004509462A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU1815802A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10041285A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002023603A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050184302A1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2005-08-25 | Toshimasa Kobayashi | Nitride semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP3705142B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-27 | 2005-10-12 | ソニー株式会社 | 窒化物半導体素子及びその作製方法 |
| US20060276043A1 (en) * | 2003-03-21 | 2006-12-07 | Johnson Mark A L | Method and systems for single- or multi-period edge definition lithography |
| DE102005010821B4 (de) * | 2005-03-07 | 2007-01-25 | Technische Universität Berlin | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauelements |
| TW200703463A (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2007-01-16 | Univ California | Defect reduction of non-polar and semi-polar III-nitrides with sidewall lateral epitaxial overgrowth (SLEO) |
| US8362503B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2013-01-29 | Cree, Inc. | Thick nitride semiconductor structures with interlayer structures |
| US7825432B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2010-11-02 | Cree, Inc. | Nitride semiconductor structures with interlayer structures |
| TWI425558B (zh) | 2008-08-11 | 2014-02-01 | 台灣積體電路製造股份有限公司 | 形成電路結構的方法 |
| US8803189B2 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2014-08-12 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | III-V compound semiconductor epitaxy using lateral overgrowth |
| EP2381488A1 (de) * | 2010-04-22 | 2011-10-26 | Imec | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer lichtemittierenden Diode |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3436128B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-28 | 2003-08-11 | 日亜化学工業株式会社 | 窒化物半導体の成長方法及び窒化物半導体素子 |
| JP3987660B2 (ja) * | 1998-07-31 | 2007-10-10 | シャープ株式会社 | 窒化物半導体構造とその製法および発光素子 |
| DE60043122D1 (de) * | 1999-03-17 | 2009-11-19 | Mitsubishi Chem Corp | Halbleiterbasis ihre Herstellung und Halbleiterkristallhersetllungsmethode |
-
2000
- 2000-08-22 DE DE10041285A patent/DE10041285A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-22 US US10/111,275 patent/US20030111008A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-22 WO PCT/EP2001/009713 patent/WO2002023603A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-08-22 AU AU1815802A patent/AU1815802A/xx active Pending
- 2001-08-22 JP JP2002527555A patent/JP2004509462A/ja active Pending
- 2001-08-22 EP EP01984676A patent/EP1238414A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0223603A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20030111008A1 (en) | 2003-06-19 |
| WO2002023603A1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
| DE10041285A1 (de) | 2002-03-07 |
| JP2004509462A (ja) | 2004-03-25 |
| AU1815802A (en) | 2002-03-26 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: KROST, ALOIS Inventor name: STRITTMATTER, ANDRE Inventor name: BIMBERG, DIETER |
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