EP1232511A1 - Kathodenstrahlröhre mit oxidkathode - Google Patents
Kathodenstrahlröhre mit oxidkathodeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1232511A1 EP1232511A1 EP01980367A EP01980367A EP1232511A1 EP 1232511 A1 EP1232511 A1 EP 1232511A1 EP 01980367 A EP01980367 A EP 01980367A EP 01980367 A EP01980367 A EP 01980367A EP 1232511 A1 EP1232511 A1 EP 1232511A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- oxide
- metal
- ray tube
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Sr+2] IATRAKWUXMZMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkaline earth metal carbonate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052915 alkaline earth metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl nitrate Chemical compound CCO[N+]([O-])=O IDNUEBSJWINEMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NEDFZELJKGZAQF-UHFFFAOYSA-J strontium;barium(2+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O NEDFZELJKGZAQF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
- H01J29/04—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
- H01J1/14—Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cathode ray tube equipped with at least one cathode, a cathode support with a cathode base made of a first cathode metal and a cathode coating made of an electron-emitting material, a second cathode metal and at least one alkaline earth oxide, selected from the group of oxides of calcium, strontium and Barium, contains, includes.
- a cathode ray tube consists of four functional groups:
- the function group of electron beam generation includes an electron emitting cathode which generates the electron current in the cathode ray tube and which is controlled by a control grid, e.g. a Wehnelt cylinder with a pinhole on the front.
- a control grid e.g. a Wehnelt cylinder with a pinhole on the front.
- An electron-emitting cathode for a cathode-ray tube is usually a point-like, heatable oxide cathode with an electron-emitting, oxide-containing cathode coating. If an oxide cathode is heated, electrons are evaporated from the emitting coating into the surrounding vacuum.
- the amount of electrons that can be emitted by the cathode coating depends on the work function of the electron-emitting material.
- Nickel which is usually used as the cathode base, itself has a relatively high work function. Therefore, the metal of the cathode base is usually coated with a material whose main task is to improve the electron-emitting properties of the cathode base. Characteristic of the
- Electron-emitting coating materials of oxide cathodes are that they contain an alkaline earth metal in the form of the alkaline earth metal oxide.
- an oxide cathode a correspondingly shaped sheet made of a nickel alloy is coated, for example, with the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals in a binder preparation.
- the carbonates are converted into the oxides at temperatures of approximately 1000 ° C.
- This cathode After this cathode has burned off, it already delivers a noticeable emission current, which, however, is not yet stable.
- An activation process follows. The activation process transforms the originally non-conductive ion lattice of the alkaline earth oxides into an electronic semiconductor by incorporating donor-type impurities in the crystal lattice of the oxides.
- the defects consist essentially of elemental alkaline earth metal, e.g.
- the electron emission from the oxide cathodes is based on the impurity mechanism.
- the purpose of the activation process is to create a sufficient amount of excess, elementary alkaline earth metal, through which the oxides in the electron-emitting coating can deliver the maximum emission current at a prescribed heating output.
- the reduction of the barium oxide to elemental barium by alloying components (“activators”) of the nickel from the cathode base makes an important contribution to the activation process.
- an oxide cathode with improved donor density and extended service life is known, which comprises a cup made of a nickel alloy, which is filled with a wire ball made of a nickel alloy and with an alkaline earth metal carbonate mixture.
- the object is achieved by a cathode ray tube equipped with at least one oxide cathode, which has a cathode support with a cathode base made of a first cathode metal with a cover layer consisting of ultrafine metal particles which contain nickel, and a cathode coating made of an electron-emitting material which is a particle -Particle composite material
- oxide particles and metal particles wherein the oxide particles an oxide selected from the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanides cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium and an alkaline earth oxide from the group of the oxides of calcium, strontium and barium, and the metal particles comprise a second cathode metal selected from the group comprising Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt.
- a cathode ray tube with such an oxide cathode has a uniform beam current over a long period of time because the growth of high-resistance intermediate layers is locally distributed and reduced overall due to the homogeneous distribution of the reducing cathode metal and the activator metal in the material of the electron-emitting cathode coating.
- Elementary barium can be supplied for longer.
- the cover layer which consists of ultrafine metal particles containing nickel, has a particularly advantageous effect. It forms a resolved boundary between the cathode base and the cathode coating.
- the formation of a high-resistance deactivating separating layer between the cathode base and the cathode coating is discontinuous and the resistance of the high-resistance separating layer is reduced.
- Local delivery of activators and activator diffusion is promoted.
- the continuous barium tracking prevents the electron emission from being exhausted, as is known from conventional oxide cathodes. Much higher beam current densities can be achieved without endangering the cathode life. This can also be used to draw the necessary electron beam currents from smaller cathode areas.
- the spot size of the cathode spot is decisive for the quality of the beam focusing on the screen.
- the image sharpness over the entire screen is increased. Since the cathodes also age very slowly, image brightness and sharpness can be kept stable at a high level over the entire life of the tube.
- a metal from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt is preferably selected as the first cathode metal.
- the first cathode metal is an alloy of a metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with a metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with a metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with a metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with a metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with a
- Activator metal selected from the group Mg, Mn, Fe, Si, W, Mo, Cr, Ti, Hf, Zr, Al contains.
- the cover layer additionally contains an activator metal, selected from the group Mg, Mn, Fe, Si, W, Mo, Cr, Ti, Hf, Zr, Al. This reduces the sensitivity to "poisoning" due to residual gases in the cathode tube vacuum.
- the metal particles contain a slow activator selected from the group Al, Mo, Ti and Si.
- the slow activators are preferably added in an amount of 1 to 4% by weight.
- the metal particles in the electron-emitting material are an alloy of a second cathode metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with an activator metal selected from the group Mg, Mn, Fe, Si, W, Mo, Cr, Ti, Hf, Zr, AI included.
- the oxide particles can be oxide particles of an alkaline earth oxide selected from the group of the oxides of calcium, strontium and barium, which with an oxide selected from the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, Samarium, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium, Ytterbium and Lutetium is included
- the oxide particles contain oxide particles of an alkaline earth oxide selected from the group of the oxides of calcium, strontium and barium, which is doped with one of the oxides of yttrium.
- yttrium oxide accelerates the sintering of the oxides during manufacture.
- Oxide particles Oxide particles of an oxide selected from the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium, and oxide particles of an alkaline earth oxide selected from the group the oxides of calcium, strontium and barium.
- the electron emitting material can contain 1 to 5% by weight of metal particles.
- % By weight contains nickel particles.
- the invention compared to the prior art if the metal particles have an ellipsoidal or spherical shape.
- the diffusion of the activator metals is controlled and the barium emission is more uniform in terms of location and time.
- Oxide cathodes with a higher DC current carrying capacity and a longer service life are obtained.
- the metal particles have an acicular shape, this can help to keep the diffusion of the activator metals uniform throughout the life of the oxide cathode.
- the average particle diameter of the metal particles is preferably 0.2 to 5.0 ⁇ m. It can also be preferred that the metal particles are embedded in the particle-particle composite, in particular that the metal particles are embedded in the particle-particle composite vertically to the cathode base surface.
- the invention also relates to an oxide cathode, which has a cathode support with a cathode base made of a first cathode metal with a cover layer, which consists of ultrafine metal particles containing nickel, and a cathode coating made of an electron-emitting material, which is a particle-particle composite made of oxide particles and Contains metal particles, the oxide particles being an oxide selected from the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium and an alkaline earth metal oxide selected from Group of the oxides of calcium, strontium and barium, and the metal particles comprises a second cathode metal selected from the group comprising Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section through an embodiment of the oxide cathode according to the invention.
- a cathode ray tube is equipped with an electron gun, which typically includes an array with one or more oxide cathodes.
- An oxide cathode according to the invention comprises a cathode support with a cathode base and a cover layer, which consists of ultrafine metal particles which contain nickel, and a cathode coating.
- the cathode support contains the heater and the base with the top layer.
- the oxide cathode consists of a cathode support, i.e. a cylindrical tube 3, into which the heating wire 4 is inserted, a cap 2, which forms the cathode base, with the cover layer 7 and a cathode coating 1, which represents the actual cathode body.
- the material of the cathode base is preferably a metal selected from the
- the nickel alloys for the base of the oxide cathodes according to the invention can consist of nickel with an alloy portion from a reducing activator element, selected from the group consisting of magnesium, manganese, iron, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, titanium, hafnium, zirconium and aluminum. Since the cathode coating also contains activator elements, the amount of activator elements in the material of the cathode base can be kept low. An alloy content of 0.05 to 0.8% activator metal in the material for the cathode base is preferred.
- the cathode base is coated with a top layer made of ultra-fine
- the ultrafine particles preferably contain an activator selected from the group Mg, Al, Mo, Ti, Si, Cr, Zr, Mg. It is particularly preferred if the metal particles selected a slow activator Group contains AI, Mo, Ti and Si.
- the slow activators are preferably added in an amount of 1 to 4% by weight.
- the cathode coating contains an electron-emissive material that consists of a particle-particle composite.
- the main component of the particle-particle composite in the electron-emitting material are oxide particles 6, which are an oxide selected from the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, Thulium, ytterbium and lutetium; and an alkaline earth oxide selected from the group of oxides of calcium, strontium and barium.
- the oxide particles can contain oxide particles with oxides of the alkaline earth metal which are doped with the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanides cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium.
- the oxide particles contain oxide particles with oxides of the alkaline earth metal, and oxide particles with the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium.
- alkaline earth oxide Barium oxide, together with calcium oxide and / or strontium oxide, is preferred as the alkaline earth oxide.
- the alkaline earth oxides are used as a physical mixture of alkaline earth oxides or as binary or ternary mixed crystals of the alkaline earth metal oxides. Preferred is a ternary alkaline earth mixed crystal oxide made from barium oxide,
- Strontium oxide and calcium oxide or a binary mixture of barium oxide and calcium oxide.
- the alkaline earth oxide can be doped from an oxide selected from the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium,
- Ytterbium and lutetium e.g. B. in an amount of 10 to a maximum of 1000 ppm.
- the ions of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids occupy lattice sites or interlattice sites in the crystal lattice of the alkaline earth metal oxides.
- Yttrium is preferably used as the doping.
- the doped oxides are obtained by coprecipitation.
- oxide particles of the alkaline earth oxides and oxide particles of the oxides of scandium, yttrium and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium can also be produced separately and used as a physical mixture become.
- the particle-particle composite material of the electron-emitting material contains as a second component metal particles 5 which contain the second cathode metal.
- the material for the second component is an alloy of a second Cathode metal selected from the group Ni, Co, Ir, Re, Pd, Rh and Pt with an activator metal selected from the group Mg, Mn, Fe, Si, W, Mo, Cr, Ti, Hf, Zr, Al.
- Metal particles with a spherical or ellipsoidal grain shape can preferably be used for the particle-particle composite material of the present invention.
- the mean grain diameter is preferably 0.2 to 5 ⁇ m. It is also possible to use needle-shaped metal particles with a maximum grain diameter of 10 to 15 ⁇ m. Such needle-shaped particles can be aligned vertically to the cathode base by means of suitable deposition processes.
- the slowly diffusing activator metals such as Mo and W in a concentration of 2 to 10% by weight in the alloy are particularly suitable for particles with a small grain diameter.
- the faster diffusing activator metals such as Zr and M * g & are suitable for particles with a larger grain diameter.
- the ultrafine particles which contain nickel or another cathode metal, can be produced from the corresponding targets by a laser ablation process.
- These targets contain cathode nickel, which can be alloyed with activators such as Mg. Al, Ti, Zr, Si, Cr, Zr and Mg.
- the ultrafine particles for the cover layer can be produced separately and applied to the cathode base by a conventional coating process. It is also possible to deposit the ultrafine particles for the cover layer directly on the cathode base by laser ablation. It is also possible to use wet chemical or sol-gel preparation methods to make the ultrafine particles.
- the carbonates of the alkaline earth metals calcium, strontium and barium are ground and mixed with one another.
- the weight ratio of calcium carbonate: strontium carbonate: barium carbonate: zirconium is 25.2: 31.5: 40.3: 3 or 1: 1.25: 6 or 1:12:22 or 1: 1.5: 2.5 or 1: 4: 6
- the carbonates are one or more oxides of
- Scandiums, yttriums and the lanthanoids cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium were added.
- Y 2 O 3 is preferably added in an amount of 130 ppm.
- Carbonates, oxides and metal particles are mixed to the raw mass.
- a binder preparation can also be added to the raw material.
- the binder preparation can contain water, ethanol, ethyl nitrate, ethyl acetate or diethyl acetate as the solvent.
- the raw material for the cathode coating is then applied to the cathode base by brushing, dipping, cataphoretic deposition or spraying.
- the thickness of the cathode coating is preferably 30 to 80 ⁇ m.
- the coated oxide cathodes are installed in the cathode ray tube.
- the cathodes are formed while the cathode ray tube is being evacuated. To do this, they are heated to a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1200 ° C. At this temperature, the alkaline earth carbonates are converted to the alkaline earth oxides with the release of CO and CO 2 and then form a porous sintered body. After this "burning off" of the cathodes, the activation takes place, the purpose of which is to supply excess elemental alkaline earth metal embedded in the oxides. The excess alkaline earth metal is created by the reduction of alkaline earth metal oxide. During the actual reduction activation, the alkaline earth oxide is reduced by the released CO or activator metal. In addition, there is a current activation, which generates the formation of the required free alkaline earth metal through electrolytic processes at high temperatures.
- the fully formed, electron-emitting material can preferably contain 1 to 5% by weight of metal particles.
- a cathode for a cathode tube has a cap-shaped cathode base which is made of an alloy of nickel with 0.12% by weight of Mg, 0.06% by weight of Al and 2.0% by weight of W assures on.
- the cathode base is located at the top of a cylindrical cathode support (sleeve) in which the heater is mounted.
- the cover layer which consists of ultrafine metal particles that contain nickel, the cathode base is placed in the ablation chamber of a laser ablation system.
- An excimer laser beam is directed at a pressure of a few mbar onto a rotating cylindrical target made of cathode nickel, which contains a suitable amount of activators, and ablates this.
- a plasma torch with leached ultrafine particles forms over the target.
- These leached-out ultrafine particles are transported to the cathode base by means of a carrier gas stream of Ar / H 2 and are deposited there.
- the Ar / H carrier gas prevents oxidation of the particles during transport.
- Other inert gases can also be suitable for this.
- the cathode has a cathode coating on the top of the cathode base.
- the cathode base is first cleaned. Then a 2.0% by weight metal particle and 98% by weight powder of a starting compound for the oxide particles are suspended with 130 ppm yttrium oxide in a solution of ethanol, butyl acetate and nitrocellulose.
- the metal particles consist of an alloy of nickel with 0.02 wt .-% Al, 3.0 wt .-% W and 6.0 wt .-% Mo.
- the metal particles have a needle-like grain shape with an average needle length of 3 + 2 ⁇ m.
- the powder with the starting compounds for the oxide particles consists of barium strontium carbonate with 130 ppm yttrium oxide. This suspension is sprayed onto the cathode base.
- the layer is formed at a temperature of 650 to 1100 ° C to effect alloying and diffusion between the cathode metal of the metal base and the metal particles.
- the cathode thus formed has a DC current carrying capacity of 4 A / cm 2 with a lifespan of 20,000 h and an internal tube pressure of 2 * 10 "9 bar.
Landscapes
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
- Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
- Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01980367A EP1232511B1 (de) | 2000-09-19 | 2001-09-11 | Oxidkathode |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00308164 | 2000-09-19 | ||
| EP00308164 | 2000-09-19 | ||
| EP01201836 | 2001-05-02 | ||
| EP01201836 | 2001-05-02 | ||
| PCT/EP2001/010453 WO2002025681A1 (de) | 2000-09-19 | 2001-09-11 | Kathodenstrahlröhre mit oxidkathode |
| EP01980367A EP1232511B1 (de) | 2000-09-19 | 2001-09-11 | Oxidkathode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1232511A1 true EP1232511A1 (de) | 2002-08-21 |
| EP1232511B1 EP1232511B1 (de) | 2007-08-15 |
Family
ID=26073313
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01980367A Expired - Lifetime EP1232511B1 (de) | 2000-09-19 | 2001-09-11 | Oxidkathode |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7019450B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1232511B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5048907B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100867149B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN100336154C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE370515T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE50112861D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002025681A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100449759B1 (ko) * | 2002-03-21 | 2004-09-22 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 전자관용 음극 및 그 제조방법 |
| GB0230125D0 (en) * | 2002-12-24 | 2003-01-29 | Lg Philips Displays Netherland | Oxide cathode |
| US20060068196A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | High-frequency magnetic material, producing method for the same and high-frequency magnetic device |
| DE102008020164A1 (de) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kathode mit einem Flachemitter |
| CN101447376B (zh) * | 2008-12-31 | 2010-09-01 | 北京工业大学 | Y2O3-Lu2O3体系复合稀土-钼电子发射材料及其制备方法 |
| CN103050347A (zh) * | 2011-10-13 | 2013-04-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | 一种制备镍钪海绵氧化物阴极的方法 |
| CN103700557B (zh) * | 2013-12-24 | 2016-03-30 | 北京工业大学 | 一种碳化稀土氧化镥掺杂钼阴极材料及其制备方法 |
| JP6285254B2 (ja) * | 2014-04-02 | 2018-02-28 | 大学共同利用機関法人 高エネルギー加速器研究機構 | 電子ビーム生成用カソード部材およびその製造方法 |
| CN110690085B (zh) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-03-11 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | 一种制备六元阴极发射物质的方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62165832A (ja) * | 1986-01-18 | 1987-07-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電子管用陰極 |
| CA1270890A (en) | 1985-07-19 | 1990-06-26 | Keiji Watanabe | Cathode for electron tube |
| KR910009660B1 (ko) * | 1988-02-23 | 1991-11-25 | 미쓰비시전기 주식회사 | 전자관용 산화물피복음극 |
| JP2758244B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-07 | 1998-05-28 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電子管用陰極 |
| DE4207220A1 (de) * | 1992-03-07 | 1993-09-09 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Festkoerperelement fuer eine thermionische kathode |
| DE69313845T2 (de) * | 1993-08-20 | 1998-04-02 | Samsung Display Devices Co Ltd | Oxydkathode für Elektronenröhre |
| DE19527723A1 (de) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-06 | Philips Patentverwaltung | Elektrische Entladungsröhre oder Entladungslampe und Scandat-Vorratskathode |
| JP2876591B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-29 | 1999-03-31 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電子管用陰極 |
| KR100268243B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-30 | 2000-10-16 | 김순택 | 전자총용 음극 |
| KR100249714B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-30 | 2000-03-15 | 손욱 | 전자총용 음극 |
| JPH11204019A (ja) | 1998-01-09 | 1999-07-30 | Sony Corp | 酸化物陰極 |
| KR20000038644A (ko) * | 1998-12-08 | 2000-07-05 | 김순택 | 전자총용 음극 |
| JP2001345041A (ja) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電子管用陰極 |
-
2001
- 2001-09-11 AT AT01980367T patent/ATE370515T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-11 WO PCT/EP2001/010453 patent/WO2002025681A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2001-09-11 KR KR1020027006342A patent/KR100867149B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-11 DE DE50112861T patent/DE50112861D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 JP JP2002529794A patent/JP5048907B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-11 EP EP01980367A patent/EP1232511B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 US US10/130,338 patent/US7019450B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 CN CNB018038999A patent/CN100336154C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0225681A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1232511B1 (de) | 2007-08-15 |
| WO2002025681A1 (de) | 2002-03-28 |
| JP5048907B2 (ja) | 2012-10-17 |
| ATE370515T1 (de) | 2007-09-15 |
| KR20020053863A (ko) | 2002-07-05 |
| US20020163308A1 (en) | 2002-11-07 |
| CN1395737A (zh) | 2003-02-05 |
| JP2004510291A (ja) | 2004-04-02 |
| DE50112861D1 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
| CN100336154C (zh) | 2007-09-05 |
| KR100867149B1 (ko) | 2008-11-06 |
| US7019450B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 |
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