EP1230720A1 - Electrode, son procede de production et bougie d'allumage pourvue d'une telle electrode - Google Patents

Electrode, son procede de production et bougie d'allumage pourvue d'une telle electrode

Info

Publication number
EP1230720A1
EP1230720A1 EP01931397A EP01931397A EP1230720A1 EP 1230720 A1 EP1230720 A1 EP 1230720A1 EP 01931397 A EP01931397 A EP 01931397A EP 01931397 A EP01931397 A EP 01931397A EP 1230720 A1 EP1230720 A1 EP 1230720A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
electrode
region
base body
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01931397A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinz Ulm
Jochen Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1230720A1 publication Critical patent/EP1230720A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • Electrode method for its production and spark plug with such an electrode
  • the invention relates to an electrode, a spark plug for an internal combustion engine with such an electrode as the central electrode and a method for producing such an electrode according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • Precious metal alloys such as platinum alloys or iridium alloys can be used in the area of the electrodes, in particular the center electrode, which can then be extruded, patinated, resistance welding, laser welded or laser alloyed on the electrodes or electrode materials made of nickel Alloys are attached or attached.
  • high demands are placed on process engineering, since the Differentiate properties of platinum and especially iridium alloys compared to nickel alloys with regard to melting and boiling point and also with regard to the coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • molded parts such as pins, in particular made of iridium alloys, can only be produced with great effort because of their low ductility.
  • a spark plug for an internal combustion engine is already known from EP 0 785 604 B1, which has a central electrode which consists of an electrode base body and a noble metal plate which is fastened on the end face of the electrode base body facing the combustion chamber.
  • the electrode base body also has a truncated cone shape in its end section on the combustion chamber side.
  • the precious metal plate according to EP 0 785 604 B1 has been further applied to the electrode base body by laser welding or resistance welding and consists of a platinum alloy or an iridium alloy, while the electrode base body is made of a nickel alloy with a core of a thermally conductive Material is formed.
  • EP 0 866 503 AI would suggest an electrode material in the form of a metal alloy which is particularly suitable for use in spark plugs.
  • This material is a metal alloy with iridium as the main component and other precious metals such as rhodium, ruthenium or rhenium as secondary components.
  • iridium alloys and ruthenium alloys are suitable as electrode material in spark plugs due to their extremely high melting point and the associated erosion resistance. It is also known that, due to the low oxidation resistance of iridium, rhodium is preferably added to it.
  • the electrode according to the invention and the method according to the invention for producing such an electrode have the advantage over the prior art that they can be used to produce very long-lasting spark plugs in a process-technically simple manner which have a noble metal alloy at least in the spark gap area of the spark plug.
  • balls made of a platinum-containing or iridium-containing and / or ruthenium-containing material are used as molded parts, which, in contrast to pins or disks, can be produced relatively inexpensively from these materials or alloys to let.
  • ruthenium and in particular iridium or an iridium-rhodium alloy is reduced compared to known electrodes with such noble metal alloys, since only the second region contains iridium or ruthenium, while the The first area, which is connected to this second area and which is in turn connected to the electrode base body, consists of a platinum-containing material.
  • platinum is currently cheaper than iridium or rhodium.
  • the electrode according to the invention and the method according to the invention for the production of such an electrode further have the advantage that it melts at least in each of the melting processes by melting the first molded part to form a first alloy and melting the second molded part to form a second alloy Border areas between the volume occupied by the first molded part and the electrode base body or the volume occupied by the second molded part and the volume occupied by the first molded part lead to intermixing or to the formation of mixed alloy zones, each of which has a continuous transition in the composition between the adjacent ones Effect materials.
  • the thermal expansion coefficients of iridium and nickel are very different on the one hand, direct connections of these materials tend to rupture during temperature changes, as they often occur in internal combustion engines. Since, on the other hand, the thermal expansion coefficient of platinum lies between that of iridium and that of nickel, the two melting processes in the process according to the invention advantageously each result in a continuous transition of the thermal expansion coefficients in the transition areas or the mixed alloy zones, so that the compounds produced are particularly stable in these mixed alloy zones and do not tend to tear.
  • the electrode according to the invention and in the method according to the invention that the boiling point of nickel close to the melting point of iridium can be bypassed. So far, there has been a risk in the case of direct laser welding or laser alloying of iridium with nickel that nickel will evaporate because, due to the high melting point of iridium, a high temperature has to be generated in order to achieve a melt-metallurgical connection of these two materials.
  • the electrode base body is initially integrally connected to a first region made of a platinum-containing material and this first region is then integrally connected to a second region made of an iridium-containing and / or ruthenium-containing material, and at the same time the melting point of platinum between that of Iridium and that of nickel, this problem no longer occurs with the electrode according to the invention or with the method according to the invention.
  • the melting point of the platinum-containing material in the first region lies between the melting point of the first material of the electrode base body and the iridium-containing or ruthenium-containing material of the second region.
  • both the basic electrode body and the end section with the first region and the second region, which is integrally connected to it can be subjected to a shaping, in particular a machining shaping, in which a variable and at the same time without any technical difficulties exact machining, in particular of the end section of the electrode, is possible.
  • a shaping in particular a machining shaping, in which a variable and at the same time without any technical difficulties exact machining, in particular of the end section of the electrode, is possible.
  • This can thus be produced in a simple manner in largely any shape and preferably also in the form of a truncated cone.
  • Such a shape of the end section is particularly advantageous. partial with regard to service life, ignition behavior and heat dissipation of the electrode according to the invention or the spark plug produced therewith.
  • the electrode base body is made of a nickel alloy, at least in the vicinity of the end section, the first area is made of an alloy with nickel and platinum, and the second area is made of an alloy with nickel, platinum and iridium. It is also advantageous if the electrode base body already has a tip which tapers in particular in the shape of a cone or truncated cone, on the end face of which the end section is attached such that the end face is integrally connected to the first region of the end section.
  • the method for producing an electrode is particularly advantageous if the first recess and / or the second recess is a dome-shaped recess, which can be produced, for example, by means of an embossing using a ball or a hemisphere.
  • the molded part which is preferably inserted in this first recess or in this second recess is in each case a ball, the volume of which is selected in each case such that the volume of the ball is at least approximately equal to the volume of the first recess or the second recess.
  • a laser beam which is used in a known manner and is directed frontally onto the end face of the electrode base body is particularly suitable.
  • this laser beam achieves laser alloying, i.e. when the first molded part is melted in the first recess with the laser beam, a first alloy is formed from the material of the first molded part and the material of the electrode base body or when the second molded part is melted in the second Recess with the laser beam a second alloy from the first alloy and the material of the second molded part.
  • Figures la to lh explain the various process steps in the manufacture of an electrode in the form of a center electrode for a spark plug
  • Figure 2 shows in cross section a section of a spark plug with such a center electrode in the area of the spark gap.
  • FIG. 1 a first shows a known electrode base body 20 made of a nickel alloy, as is often used in spark plugs as the material for the center electrode.
  • the electrode base body 20 according to FIG. 1 a is designed in a manner known per se at least in the area which is in the area of the spark gap in a spark plug subsequently produced therewith, in the form of a pin with a cylindrical cross section.
  • FIG. 1b explains the next method step, in which in a
  • a dome-shaped first recess 21 is produced with the aid of a suitable embossing tool on the end face of the electrode base body 20.
  • This dome-shaped first recess 21 has a depth of approximately 1 mm and in Top view of a circular cross section with a diameter of approximately 1.5 mm.
  • FIG. 1c then explains how a ball, which consists of a platinum alloy, is inserted as the first molded part 22 into the first recess 21 produced.
  • a laser beam is then directed frontally onto the front side of the electrode base body 20, so that the first molded part 22 including an edge region of the first recess 21 is melted, a first region 23 being formed, which consists of a first alloy that contains both platinum and nickel.
  • the volume of the first molded part 22 is at least approximately equal to the volume occupied by the first recess 21.
  • the material of the electrode base body 20 is mixed with the platinum alloy from which the first molded part 22 is made, so that there forms a mixed alloy zone.
  • the laser beam used thus causes the formation of an alloy from the material of the electrode base body 20 and the platinum alloy of the first molded part 22, at least in the region of the mixed alloy zone.
  • FIG. 1e explains the method step following FIG. 1d, in which a dome-shaped second recess 24 is now produced, particularly in the center in the region of the end face of the electrode base body 20, which is occupied by the first region 23.
  • This second recess 24 is produced analogously to the first recess 21 by stamping with a suitable stamping tool.
  • the depth of the second recess 24 is, for example, approximately 0.5 mm, its diameter in a plan view of the end face of the electrode base body 20 is approximately 0.8 mm, for example.
  • a second molded part 25 in the form of a ball made of an iridium alloy is inserted into this second recess 24.
  • a laser beam is then again directed frontally onto the end face of the electrode base body 20, so that the inserted second molded part 25 and an edge region of the second recess 24 are melted and a second region 26 is formed.
  • the volume of the second molded part 25 is preferably selected at least approximately so that it is equal to the volume of the second recess 24, so that the second recess 24 is at least almost completely filled by the melted second molded part 25 after melting.
  • the formed second region 26 now often also contains alloyed nickel, which originates from the first material of the electrode base body 20.
  • the second molded part 25 or the associated laser alloying is preferably carried out in such a way that in the second region 26 there is an alloy of the iridium alloy from which the second molded part 25 was made and the platinum-nickel alloy from which the first area 23 consisted, forms.
  • This alloy which contains both iridium and platinum and also nickel, more preferably has a ratio of iridium to the platinum-nickel alloy from the first region 23 of 80 to 20.
  • a tip 31 of the electrode base body 20 which is tapered in the shape of a truncated cone is first produced according to FIG. 1h and then merges into an end section 30 which is formed by the first area 23 and the second area 26.
  • This end section 30 is also preferably at least approximately likewise frustoconical and is integrally connected to the electrode base body 20, in particular the tip 31, in the region of an end face 32. In this way, it is achieved that the electrode base body 20 in the area of the end face 32 is initially cohesively connected only to the first area 23, which in turn is cohesively connected to the second area 26.
  • FIG. 2 explains the use of a center electrode 10 prepared according to FIG. 1h in a spark plug 5.
  • the center electrode 10 is integrated in the spark plug 5 in such a way that the second region 26 is opposite a ground electrode 11 and from it in a manner known per se is separated by a spark gap. Furthermore, the second area 26 according to FIG. 2 is only cohesively connected to the first area 23, while the first area 23 is cohesively connected to the tip 31 of the main electrode body 20 of the center electrode 10.
  • a spark plug 5 with a pointed center electrode 10 has been produced, which has a frustoconical end from the end section 30.
  • this end section 30 consists of an iridium alloy, into which a platinum-nickel alloy is alloyed.
  • the first region 23, which consists of a platinum-nickel alloy, is then located between the second region 26 and the electrode base body 20.
  • the electrode base body 20 itself consists of a nickel alloy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une électrode et une bougie d'allumage (5), destinées à un moteur à combustion interne comprenant une telle électrode en tant qu'électrode centrale (10). Ladite électrode comprend un corps de base d'électrode (20), qui est constitué d'un premier matériau, ainsi qu'une partie d'extrémité (30), qui est reliée par liaison de matière audit corps de base d'électrode (20). Cette partie d'extrémité présente une première zone (23), qui est reliée par liaison de matière au premier matériau et qui est constituée d'un matériau contenant du platine, ainsi qu'une seconde zone (26), qui est reliée par liaison de matière à ladite première zone (23) et qui est constituée d'un matériau contenant de l'iridium et/ou du ruthénium. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de production d'une telle électrode. Ce procédé consiste à ménager un premier évidement (21) dans le corps de base d'électrode (20), à insérer une première pièce moulée (22) dans ledit premier évidement (21), à faire fondre ladite première pièce moulée (22), formant un premier alliage, à ménager un second évidement (24) dans une zone dudit premier alliage, à insérer une seconde pièce moulée (25) dans ledit second évidement (24), puis à faire fondre ladite seconde pièce moulée (25), formant un second alliage.
EP01931397A 2000-06-03 2001-03-30 Electrode, son procede de production et bougie d'allumage pourvue d'une telle electrode Withdrawn EP1230720A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10027651A DE10027651C2 (de) 2000-06-03 2000-06-03 Elektrode, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und Zündkerze mit einer derartigen Elektrode
DE10027651 2000-06-03
PCT/DE2001/001268 WO2001095447A1 (fr) 2000-06-03 2001-03-30 Electrode, son procede de production et bougie d'allumage pourvue d'une telle electrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1230720A1 true EP1230720A1 (fr) 2002-08-14

Family

ID=7644655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01931397A Withdrawn EP1230720A1 (fr) 2000-06-03 2001-03-30 Electrode, son procede de production et bougie d'allumage pourvue d'une telle electrode

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6869328B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1230720A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003536218A (fr)
DE (1) DE10027651C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001095447A1 (fr)

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DE10255187A1 (de) * 2002-11-27 2004-06-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Elektrode mit einem Edelmetallabschnitt
FI115009B (fi) 2003-03-18 2005-02-15 Waertsilae Finland Oy Menetelmä polttomoottorin sytytystulpan valmistamiseksi
DE10352792A1 (de) * 2003-11-12 2005-06-23 Beru Ag Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE102004018933B4 (de) * 2004-04-20 2014-10-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mittelelektrode einer Zündkerze
CN101218721B (zh) * 2004-08-03 2012-05-30 费德罗-莫格尔公司 具有回流点火端的点火装置及其制造方法
DK1907583T4 (da) 2005-06-15 2020-01-27 Complete Genomics Inc Enkeltmolekyle-arrays til genetisk og kemisk analyse
US7569979B2 (en) * 2006-04-07 2009-08-04 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Spark plug having spark portion provided with a base material and a protective material
US20070236124A1 (en) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Spark plug
US7851984B2 (en) * 2006-08-08 2010-12-14 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Ignition device having a reflowed firing tip and method of construction
US8026654B2 (en) * 2007-01-18 2011-09-27 Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. Ignition device having an induction welded and laser weld reinforced firing tip and method of construction
JP5061375B2 (ja) * 2007-11-07 2012-10-31 日本電気株式会社 電気化学測定装置用電極およびバイオセンサ用電極
US8030830B2 (en) * 2007-11-15 2011-10-04 Fram Group Ip Llc Iridium alloy for spark plug electrodes
US8460044B2 (en) * 2009-01-23 2013-06-11 Fram Group Ip Llc Spark plug electrode and method of making
DE102009047001A1 (de) * 2009-11-23 2011-05-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerzenmasseelektrode mit mehrschichtigem Aufbau sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102010027463B4 (de) * 2010-07-17 2016-12-22 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Zündkerze und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
CN103229372A (zh) 2010-07-29 2013-07-31 美国辉门（菲德尔莫古）点火系统有限公司 用于与火花塞一起使用的电极材料
US8471451B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2013-06-25 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Ruthenium-based electrode material for a spark plug
US8575830B2 (en) 2011-01-27 2013-11-05 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode material for a spark plug
WO2012116062A2 (fr) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-30 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Matériau d'électrode pour bougie d'allumage
WO2013003325A2 (fr) 2011-06-28 2013-01-03 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Matériau d'électrode pour une bougie d'allumage
WO2013063092A1 (fr) 2011-10-24 2013-05-02 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode de bougie d'allumage et procédé de fabrication de bougie d'allumage
US10044172B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2018-08-07 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Electrode for spark plug comprising ruthenium-based material
WO2013177031A1 (fr) 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Procédé de fabrication de matériau à base de ruthénium pour une électrode de bougie d'allumage
US8979606B2 (en) 2012-06-26 2015-03-17 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Method of manufacturing a ruthenium-based spark plug electrode material into a desired form and a ruthenium-based material for use in a spark plug
US9130358B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-09-08 Federal-Mogul Ignition Company Method of manufacturing spark plug electrode material
US11499206B2 (en) * 2018-04-18 2022-11-15 Materion Corporation Electrodes for biosensors

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10027651C2 (de) 2002-11-28
WO2001095447A1 (fr) 2001-12-13
DE10027651A1 (de) 2001-12-13
US20020171346A1 (en) 2002-11-21
US6869328B2 (en) 2005-03-22
JP2003536218A (ja) 2003-12-02

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