EP1216977A2 - Kohlenwasserstoffbindemittel enthaltende pyrotechnische gaserzeugende Zusammensetzungen und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung - Google Patents

Kohlenwasserstoffbindemittel enthaltende pyrotechnische gaserzeugende Zusammensetzungen und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1216977A2
EP1216977A2 EP01403255A EP01403255A EP1216977A2 EP 1216977 A2 EP1216977 A2 EP 1216977A2 EP 01403255 A EP01403255 A EP 01403255A EP 01403255 A EP01403255 A EP 01403255A EP 1216977 A2 EP1216977 A2 EP 1216977A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composition
gum
nitrate
binder
compartment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01403255A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1216977B1 (de
EP1216977A3 (de
Inventor
Dimitri Charrette
Georges Chounet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Ceramics SA
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1216977A2 publication Critical patent/EP1216977A2/de
Publication of EP1216977A3 publication Critical patent/EP1216977A3/de
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Publication of EP1216977B1 publication Critical patent/EP1216977B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
    • C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0075—Shaping the mixture by extrusion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
    • C06B29/22—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate the salt being ammonium perchlorate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
    • C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field technique of pyrotechnic gas generation usable in particular in protection systems occupants of a motor vehicle by means of cushions which are inflated by the combustion gases of a pyrotechnic charge. More specifically the invention relates to pyrotechnic compositions generating acceptable temperatures for automotive safety clean, non-toxic gases. The invention relates to also a continuous manufacturing process for such compositions.
  • pyrotechnic gas generators For different pyrotechnic needs and in particular to ensure correct inflation of the cushions protection, pyrotechnic gas generators must supply in extremely short time, around thirty milliseconds, clean gases that is to say free of solid particles liable to create hot spots that can damage the wall cushion, and non-toxic i.e. low nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides and chlorinated products.
  • a first family relates to compositions based on alkali or alkaline earth azide in the presence of a mineral oxidant such as potassium nitrate or a metal oxide.
  • These compositions which may optionally include a binder have major drawbacks. On the one hand they produce during their combustion a lot of dust which must be filtered by relatively large filtration systems, which increases both the weight and the price of the generator.
  • azides are very toxic products which also have the possibility of forming lead azides or other heavy metals which are primary explosives. These compositions are therefore difficult to keep in good conditions for several years in a motor vehicle.
  • compositions with nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin base are very interesting because they burn very quickly and without producing dust. However, they have the disadvantage of not be completely stable over time, and at high temperature.
  • compositions say "composites” basically made up of a organic binder and by an oxidizing mineral filler like in particular a mineral perchlorate. These compositions are a priori very interesting because they present good burning speed and excellent stability to aging.
  • compositions have also been proposed constituted by a silicone binder crosslinkable to room temperature, also known as linking “RTV” (Room Temperature Vulcanizable), and potassium perchlorate, the potassium atom playing the role of internal chlorine sensor.
  • RTV Room Temperature Vulcanizable
  • Such compositions are, for example, described in patents FR-A-2 190 776 and FR-B-2 213 254 or in their US correspondents US-A-3,986,908 and US-A-3,964,256.
  • these compositions exhibit the disadvantage of generating gases very rich in oxygen that are not wanted by the manufacturers of automobile industry.
  • compositions constituted by a silicone binder and by a mixture of ammonium perchlorate and sodium nitrate.
  • Such compositions do not contain a solvent. They are for example described in French patent FR-A-2 728 562 or in its American correspondent US-A-5 610 444. These compositions generate many clean gases, rich in nitrogen and non-toxic but have the drawback of burning at very high temperatures and produce a high solid residue level.
  • the methods of manufacturing existing compositions involve the presence of a solvent to adjust the viscosity.
  • the use of a solvent has many drawbacks, especially at the industrial level. The solvent must be removed from the composition and this operation risks creating porosities in the pyrotechnic charge.
  • the object of the present invention is precisely to propose such compositions and a method allowing to implement them.
  • the invention therefore relates to a gas-generating pyrotechnic composition
  • a binder an organic nitrogen compound, additives and an oxidizing charge comprising ammonium perchlorate and a chlorine sensor
  • said binder being a hydrocarbon binder containing at least two components, one of the components being constituted by a gum, characterized in that, when the gum is a polyester gum, it is associated with a polyester resin and in that, when the gum is an acrylic gum, it is associated with one of its plasticizers.
  • a polymer whose molecular mass is greater than 200,000 is called gum.
  • the acrylic gums used are also called acrylic rubbers or polyacrylates. These gums can have reactive terminations of the chlorine / carboxyl, chlorine, hydroxyl or epoxy type.
  • the polyester gums used are rubbers with ester units and which can have reactive hydroxyl type terminations.
  • Resin is a hydrocarbon polymer whose mass molecular is between 100 and 10,000.
  • the binder is formed by the association of an acrylic gum and one of its plasticizers.
  • the plasticizer for acrylic gum is chosen from the group consisting of dioctyl adipate and dioctyl azelate.
  • a crosslinker will generally be associated with the binder.
  • the binder is formed by the association of an eraser polyester and polyester resin.
  • the composition further comprises an isocyanate crosslinker.
  • the weight content of the charges is greater than or equal to 85% of the total weight of the composition.
  • the oxidizing charge includes ammonium perchlorate and a chlorine sensor.
  • the chlorine sensor is chosen from the group consisting of sodium nitrate, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium nitrate, strontium nitrate, barium nitrate, potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate and copper oxide.
  • a preferred chlorine sensor is sodium nitrate.
  • the composition also includes a compound organic nitrogen.
  • the organic nitrogen compound is chosen in the group consisting of nitroguanidine, the guanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine nitrate, oxamide, dicyandiamide, guanyl direedinitramide and metallic cyanamides.
  • the content by weight of this nitrogen compound is between 3 and 15% of the total weight of the composition.
  • the composition also comprises a ballistic catalyst chosen from the group consisting of titanium oxide, copper oxide, basic copper nitrate, copper chromite and iron oxide .
  • the preferred ballistic catalyst is iron oxide.
  • the weight content of the ballistic catalyst is preferably between 0% and 4% of the total weight of the composition. Among other things, it improves the combustion speed.
  • the composition further comprises a wetting agent.
  • This wetting agent is chosen from the group consisting of organosilanes, titanates and aziridines.
  • the preferred organosilanes are the trialkyl silanes in which the functional group is a vinyl, epoxy, amine or metacrylic group.
  • the weight content of the wetting agent is preferably between 0.5% and 2% of the total weight of the composition. This component reduces the residual porosity of the product.
  • Ballistic catalyst and wetting agent constitute the preferred additives of the compositions according to the invention.
  • the organic nitrogen compound and gum are premixed and introduced into the mixing compartment and mixing through the solids feed opening.
  • the pressure of the compression compartment is less than 50 ⁇ 10 3 Pa, ie 500 mbar.
  • the temperature of the mixing compartment and mixing is between 15 ° C and 75 ° C.
  • the pressure in the extrusion head is between 6.10 6 Pa and 15.10 6 Pa, ie between 60 bars and 150 bars.
  • the hydrocarbon binder comprises on the one hand a gum and on the other hand a liquid constituent which is either a resin or a plasticizer.
  • a pasty binder is therefore obtained.
  • this binder has sufficient strength to be extruded in the form of rods. There is therefore no need for a thickening agent or a solvent.
  • the rods are then cut into loads and the structure of the binder is definitively frozen by crosslinking in an oven at a temperature between 100 ° C and 150 ° C.
  • Figure 1 represents, in the form of partially cut diagram, an installation allowing the implementation of the method according to the invention.
  • the twin-screw extruder-mixer 1 comprises an upstream part 2 in which the operations for mixing and kneading the composition are situated, a downstream part 3 in which the degassing operation for the composition takes place and a head for extrusion 4. During operation, a plug of material is formed which separates the downstream part 2 from the upstream part 3.
  • the upstream part 2 will be called “mixing and kneading compartment” and the downstream part 3 "compression compartment".
  • the gum and the nitrogenous organic compound are premixed.
  • the eraser will be an eraser acrylic and the nitrogen compound will be nitrate of guanidine.
  • the inert constituents namely the plasticizer and the various additives
  • the oxidizing charges and the gum / nitrogenous organic compound mixture are then introduced.
  • the various constituents are continuously introduced into the mixing and kneading compartment.
  • Solids A are introduced without solvent by means of a hopper.
  • the liquids B are introduced without solvent by means of a metering pump 6.
  • the liquids B consist of the plasticizer and the wetting agent.
  • Solids A are the acrylic gum / guanidine nitrate mixture, the oxidizing charge comprising ammonium perchlorate and the additives other than the wetting agent. Particles of ammonium perchlorate of two different particle sizes are used.
  • the particle size is between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m. Since ammonium perchlorate produces chlorine derivatives by combustion, it has a chlorine sensor attached to it.
  • the preferred chlorine sensor in the context of the invention is sodium nitrate which fixes the chlorine in the form of sodium chloride of submicron size, therefore without risk of damaging the walls of the airbag.
  • Sodium nitrate will also be introduced through the feed opening for solids A.
  • the ratio between ammonium perchlorate and sodium nitrate is between 1 and 2.
  • the rate of oxidizing charges is preferably around 80% of the total weight of the composition, to have a composition fairly balanced in oxygen balance.
  • the weight content of the fillers is greater than or equal to 85% of the total weight of the composition. They are therefore compositions with a highly charged binder. The content of the binder and crosslinker composition will advantageously be close to 15%.
  • the preferred additives are the wetting agent and the ballistic catalyst.
  • the preferred ballistic catalyst is iron oxide.
  • the paste formed in the mixing and kneading compartment 2 is then degassed in the compression compartment 3, under a pressure of less than 30.10 3 Pa, or 300 mbar.
  • This paste is then extruded, by means of an extrusion head 4, in the form of rods 8.
  • the pressure in the extrusion head is preferably close to 100 bars.
  • These rods are then cut into loads 9 using a cutting device 10.
  • These loads 9 are recovered by a conveyor belt 11 and routed to an oven 12.
  • This oven 12 is heated to a temperature between 100 and 150 ° C. Preferably, this oven is heated to 120 ° C.
  • the loads remain approximately 3 hours in this oven so as to complete the crosslinking of the constituents of the binder and thus to freeze the structure of the loads 9.
  • the loads 9 have the form of hollow cylindrical blocks most often having axial channels.
  • the charges thus formed find their preferred application as pyrotechnic charges in gas generators intended to inflate a protective cushion for occupants of a motor vehicle.
  • the rate of combustion of these loads, as well as the rate of solid residues produced and the rate of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides produced are particularly suitable for the requirements of automobile safety.
  • the examples which follow illustrate, without limitation, certain possibilities of implementing the invention.
  • the weight content of the fillers is 87.9%
  • the weight content of the fillers is 85%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
EP01403255A 2000-12-22 2001-12-14 Kohlenwasserstoffbindemittel enthaltende pyrotechnische gaserzeugende Zusammensetzungen und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP1216977B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0016879 2000-12-22
FR0016879A FR2818636B1 (fr) 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 Compositions pyrotechniques generatrices de gaz a liant hydrocarbone et procede de fabrication en continu

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1216977A2 true EP1216977A2 (de) 2002-06-26
EP1216977A3 EP1216977A3 (de) 2002-09-11
EP1216977B1 EP1216977B1 (de) 2005-07-27

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EP01403255A Expired - Lifetime EP1216977B1 (de) 2000-12-22 2001-12-14 Kohlenwasserstoffbindemittel enthaltende pyrotechnische gaserzeugende Zusammensetzungen und Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6824626B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1216977B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3825316B2 (de)
KR (1) KR100446267B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE300508T1 (de)
BR (1) BR0106250B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2364135C (de)
DE (1) DE60112231T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2818636B1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA01012981A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2857359A1 (fr) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-14 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de gaz destinee a la securite automobile et brulant a des temperatures de combustion inferieures a 2200 k
EP1553071A2 (de) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-13 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH Verfahren zum Aufblasen eines Gassacks und Gassackmodul zur Verwendung in diesem Verfahren
FR2902783A1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2007-12-28 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Compositions pyrotechniques thermo-initiables, utilisation.
FR2915746A1 (fr) * 2007-05-02 2008-11-07 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention
FR2950624A1 (fr) * 2009-09-25 2011-04-01 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz
WO2011135262A1 (fr) 2010-04-29 2011-11-03 Sme Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention.
WO2013045804A1 (fr) 2011-09-26 2013-04-04 Herakles Procede d'extraction de charges solides solubles contenues dans une pate.
US10159861B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2018-12-25 Arianegroup Sas Method for delivering a liquid pressurised by the combustion gases from at least one pyrotechnic charge
WO2019063923A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-04 Arianegroup Sas Composition generatrice de gaz
EP3770136A1 (de) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-27 ArianeGroup SAS Festes verbund-treibmittel

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US20040094250A1 (en) * 2002-11-14 2004-05-20 Estes-Cox Corporation Composite propellant compositions
US20050016646A1 (en) * 2003-07-25 2005-01-27 Barnes Michael W. Chlorine-containing gas generant compositions including a copper-containing chlorine scavenger
WO2007012348A1 (en) * 2005-07-26 2007-02-01 Dalphi Metal España, S.A. Gas generating composition for automotive use manufactured by pellet formation
US7857920B1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2010-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Low temperature clean burning pyrotechnic gas generators
US8778104B1 (en) * 2008-04-22 2014-07-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Insensitive gun propellant, ammunition round assembly, armament system, and related methods
DE102009049003A1 (de) * 2009-10-09 2011-06-16 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Kunststoffgebundene pyrotechnische Mischung zur Erzeugung von Alkalimetallchlorid- bzw. Erdalkalimetallchlorid-Aerosolen als Tarnnebel
DE102011100113B4 (de) 2010-06-28 2019-10-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Gasgenerator-Treibstoffzusammensetzung, Verfahrenzu ihrer Herstellung und deren Verwendung
RU2496753C2 (ru) * 2011-04-08 2013-10-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное предприятие "Краснознамёнец" Способ получения газогенерирующего пиротехнического состава с полимерным связующим
FR2975097B1 (fr) * 2011-05-09 2015-11-20 Sme Composes pyrotechniques generateurs de gaz
FR3073775B1 (fr) * 2017-11-23 2020-12-25 Arianegroup Sas Installation d'extrusion munie d'un systeme de controle apte a detecter une anomalie
DE102019218387B4 (de) * 2019-11-27 2021-12-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Messanordnung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Eigenschaften eines zu extrudierenden Materials während der Durchführung eines Schnecken-Extrusionsprozesses

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2857359A1 (fr) * 2003-07-10 2005-01-14 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de gaz destinee a la securite automobile et brulant a des temperatures de combustion inferieures a 2200 k
EP1553071A2 (de) * 2004-01-12 2005-07-13 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH Verfahren zum Aufblasen eines Gassacks und Gassackmodul zur Verwendung in diesem Verfahren
EP1553071A3 (de) * 2004-01-12 2013-04-24 TRW Airbag Systems GmbH Verfahren zum Aufblasen eines Gassacks und Gassackmodul zur Verwendung in diesem Verfahren
FR2902783A1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2007-12-28 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Compositions pyrotechniques thermo-initiables, utilisation.
WO2008001005A2 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-03 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compositions pyrotechniques thermo-initiables, utilisation
WO2008001005A3 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2008-02-28 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compositions pyrotechniques thermo-initiables, utilisation
CN101679139B (zh) * 2007-05-02 2012-09-26 Snpe巨能材料公司 产生气体的烟火组合物和其制造方法
FR2915746A1 (fr) * 2007-05-02 2008-11-07 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention
WO2008145935A2 (fr) 2007-05-02 2008-12-04 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention
WO2008145935A3 (fr) * 2007-05-02 2009-09-17 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention
FR2950624A1 (fr) * 2009-09-25 2011-04-01 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz
FR2959508A1 (fr) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-04 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention
WO2011135262A1 (fr) 2010-04-29 2011-11-03 Sme Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz; procede d'obtention.
WO2013045804A1 (fr) 2011-09-26 2013-04-04 Herakles Procede d'extraction de charges solides solubles contenues dans une pate.
US9393503B2 (en) 2011-09-26 2016-07-19 Herakles Method for extracting solid soluble charges contained in a paste
US10159861B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2018-12-25 Arianegroup Sas Method for delivering a liquid pressurised by the combustion gases from at least one pyrotechnic charge
WO2019063923A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-04 Arianegroup Sas Composition generatrice de gaz
FR3071831A1 (fr) * 2017-09-29 2019-04-05 Arianegroup Sas Composition generatrice de gaz
EP3770136A1 (de) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-27 ArianeGroup SAS Festes verbund-treibmittel
FR3099155A1 (fr) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-29 Arianegroup Sas Propergol solide composite

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FR2818636B1 (fr) 2003-02-28
CA2364135A1 (fr) 2002-06-22
DE60112231T2 (de) 2006-05-24
MXPA01012981A (es) 2002-10-21
BR0106250B1 (pt) 2010-11-16
DE60112231D1 (de) 2005-09-01
JP3825316B2 (ja) 2006-09-27
KR20020051850A (ko) 2002-06-29
KR100446267B1 (ko) 2004-09-01
BR0106250A (pt) 2002-08-13
CA2364135C (fr) 2009-02-03
US6824626B2 (en) 2004-11-30
FR2818636A1 (fr) 2002-06-28
EP1216977B1 (de) 2005-07-27
US20020079031A1 (en) 2002-06-27
EP1216977A3 (de) 2002-09-11
JP2002255679A (ja) 2002-09-11
ATE300508T1 (de) 2005-08-15

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