EP1206628A1 - Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP1206628A1
EP1206628A1 EP00952787A EP00952787A EP1206628A1 EP 1206628 A1 EP1206628 A1 EP 1206628A1 EP 00952787 A EP00952787 A EP 00952787A EP 00952787 A EP00952787 A EP 00952787A EP 1206628 A1 EP1206628 A1 EP 1206628A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
ventiltπeb
cam element
enclosing
cam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00952787A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Battlogg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1206628A1 publication Critical patent/EP1206628A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/46—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in preceding subgroups
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/30—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of positively opened and closed valves, i.e. desmodromic valves

Definitions

  • Valve train in particular for internal combustion engines
  • the invention relates to a valve valve, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, with at least one driven cam element and with a valve actuator which is displaceable or pivotable by the cam element, the cam element being rotatably arranged in a flexible enclosing element which is movable in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cam element and with the valve actuator is connected
  • Valve level for the valve control of internal combustion engines usually have a device (spring, hydraulic element, etc.) by means of which the valve is acted on in the closed position.
  • a valve actuator (valve lifter, rocker arm, rocker arm or the like) is thereby against a closed valve - Printed valve control surface, which is eccentric to the shaft axis in one part
  • valve actuator does not move as long as the connecting area of the enclosing element with the valve actuator on the base circle area of the rotating cam element, is then removed from the axis of rotation of the cam element in the radial direction and finally returned again, while the cam area of the cam element passes the connection area of the enclosing element with the valve actuator.
  • the movable connection of the enclosing element with the valve actuator leaves that Swiveling or tilting movement of the enclosing element in the cam area so that the required freedom of movement of the valve actuator is maintained in its slide or swivel bearing
  • the encircling element is formed from two flexible rings, between which needle-shaped rolling elements are provided to reduce friction.
  • a second embodiment shows a plastic band with an inner ceramic sliding layer
  • variable valve control by means of which the opening and closing times and the stroke of the valve can be changed in order to improve the performance, the exhaust gas behavior, the torque, etc. of an internal combustion engine compared to Non-adjustable valve control with fixed values improves the filling of a cylinder if the valve is opened later and closed earlier at low speeds and opened earlier and closed later at higher speeds.Therefore, it is possible to adjust the exhaust gas behavior by adjusting the valve control depending on the speed Optimizing torque, engine performance, etc.
  • the invention has set itself the task of creating a variable positive valve control, and achieves this with a Ventilt ⁇ eb of the type mentioned in that the enclosing element is designed to be reversibly extendable
  • the rotating cam element in the encircling element generates tensile forces that increase as a function of the speed at the connection point with the valve actuator, so that the encircling element that is practically free of play at the circumference of the cam element at idle speed lifts off the circumference with increasing speed, and thereby takes up positions that correspond to cam elements with larger circumferential lengths Since the distance between the axis of rotation of the cam element and the connection point between the enclosing element and the valve actuator increases in this way, a speed-dependent additional valve stroke is produced
  • the reversible extension of the enclosing element is achieved by means of an elastic extensibility of at least a partial area of the enclosing element, so that the play arising between the cam circumference and the enclosing element is reduced again when the speed is reduced.
  • it permits advantageous, slight pretensioning of the enclosing element in the idle state to ensure the valve closing position outside the cam area despite possible temperature-related length changes
  • the holder can also itself consist of an elastically stretchable material and optionally also form the elastic area
  • the elastically stretchable material is preferably designed for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles for an additional valve lift of 10% to 30% of the valve lift at idling speed in order to ensure, in a preferred embodiment, an upper limit of the elastic expansion, which can be selected for a permissible maximum speed or a speed above an additional valve stroke is of minor importance, the elastic stretchable material can be assigned a stretch limitation by arranging stretchable threads or fibers in the stretchable material or in parallel, the length of which corresponds to the length of the elastic material stretched to the limit value
  • the enclosing element has a band made of a textile-bound flat material, in particular a fabric, the two ends of which are connected to a holder for the valve actuator. If the two ends of the band penetrate one another or project from the cam element in contact with one another, then Due to the flexibility of the material of the enclosing element, a physical axis in the connection to the valve actuator may be unnecessary, since the two ends can be bent to the required extent together on both sides.
  • the two ends of the band have plug openings for a connecting element
  • the plug-in openings can be formed by turning over and - depending on the material of the tape - stitching, welding, or the like of the folded end.
  • the tape consists of a self-contained closed loop that runs back and forth around the cam element, the reversals of which form the plug-in openings.
  • element can also be designed to be resilient and, for example, made of spring steel
  • the textile-bonded flat material can have a stretch-resistant area in which it contains threads made of Kevlar, glass, carbon, aramid fibers or similar, essentially constant fibers in the circumferential direction of the cam element
  • Particularly suitable materials for an enclosing element which has at least elastically stretchable partial areas have an elastic modulus between 1 and 4000 N / mm 2.
  • Rubber-like materials have lower elastic moduli and are preferably provided with a stretch limitation materials, such as plastics with higher elastic moduli in particular between 600 and 2000 N / mm 2 , preferably between 800 and 1200 N / mm 2 , generally do not require any stretch limitation, which of course can nevertheless be provided
  • a simple possibility for the limitation of the stretching is then that the encircling element or the elastically stretchable area of the encircling element is assigned stretchable threads made of Kevlar, glass, aramid fibers or the like which extend in circumferential direction and which are woven into a band, for example.
  • a rubber-elastic plastic can also be used for the ring or flat elements, which is vulcanized onto the band
  • valve pairs can have different expansion values, for example one valve with expansion limitation at part load and the other without expansion limitation or with expansion limitation at full load
  • an air cushion surrounding the cam element can also be built up by means of compressed air. This can be particularly advantageous in the case of a wrapping element made of plastic or plastic fabric
  • the cam element can also be made smaller.
  • the formation of plastic cam elements or entirely of plastic, for example camshafts produced by injection molding, can also be realized.
  • a weak spring can be provided to act on each closed valve
  • FIG. 8 components of a second embodiment of a valve lift in an oblique view
  • FIG. 9 a longitudinal section through the third embodiment
  • FIG. 10 a side view of the third embodiment, each at idling speed
  • FIG. 11 components of a fourth embodiment of a valve lift in an oblique view
  • FIG. 12 a side view of the fourth Execution
  • FIG. 13 shows a cross section through the fourth embodiment, in each case at idling speed
  • FIG. 14 components of a fifth embodiment in an oblique view
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 cross sections through the fifth embodiment, FIG. 15 showing the valve actuator at idling speed and FIG. 16 at a higher speed
  • FIG. 17 Components of a sixth embodiment in an oblique view
  • 18 is an oblique view of the sixth embodiment in the closed position
  • FIG. 27 a cross section through the ninth embodiment
  • FIG. 31 shows a cross section through the eleventh embodiment
  • FIG. 32 shows an enlarged detailed illustration from FIG. 31,
  • a positively controlled valve train wherein a valve train used for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle on the carrier shaft 1 has the number of cam elements 2 required for the valves.
  • An oil supply for building up an oil film or air for building up an air cushion on the circumferential surface of the cam element 2 can take place via a hollow support shaft, radial openings 30 in the support shaft 1 and via holes 3 in the cam element 2.
  • a set of openings 30 and holes 3 8 to 10 can also be used to fasten the cam element 2 on the carrier shaft 1 when a fixing pin 20 is inserted.
  • 3 to 5 shows the valve lift, the increase in adaptation to the speed 1
  • the diagram shows the change in length of the enclosing element 4, the eccentric area 0 to 1 of the cam element 2, starting and ending on the base circle area, not shown, in which the valve closing position is given depending on being shown in the abscissa
  • the eccentric area extends over an angle of approximately one to two thirds of the circumference of the cam element 4, for example over one Angle of approximately 150 °, as shown in the figures.
  • the diagram shows a valve lift of 97 mm, which is designated as 100%, when the speed of the camshaft corresponds to idling of the engine of 400 revolutions per minute increase, and for example at a maximum of 4000 revolutions per minute have an additional valve stroke of 1 75 mm, which corresponds to an increase of about 18%.
  • the speeds indicated here and below always relate to the speeds of the camshaft itself, that of internal combustion engines for motor vehicles are generally half the engine speed, ie in the example given the idle speed of the engine is 800 and the maximum is 8000 revolutions per minute
  • the cam element 2 is surrounded by a reversibly extensible encircling element 4 which lies essentially against the circumferential surface, the cam element 2 surrounding the encircling element 4 in the encircling element 4 with continuous pulsating deformation can rotate its axis of rotation 8
  • the cross-sectional shape of the enclosing element 4 is shown in the figures in each case adapted to the cam element 2, since here the valve train is shown in an exploded view.
  • the umschheßungs element 4 has the shape of a only in the case of sufficient elasticity and thickness of the material Ring, while it otherwise forms a collapsed oval or the like.
  • the enclosing element 4 is prevented from rotating by the connection to a valve actuator 10, which in the case of the valve lifter is displaceable in a plain bearing, in the case of a rocker arm or rocker arm is pivotally mounted in a pivot bearing.
  • a valve actuator 10 which in the case of the valve lifter is displaceable in a plain bearing, in the case of a rocker arm or rocker arm is pivotally mounted in a pivot bearing.
  • a lubricant or lubricant is supplied through the stationary encircling element 4.
  • the encircling element 4 is tiltable or pivotable about an axis 15 with the valve actuator 10 pivotally connected, so that when the cam of the cam element 2 passes through the connecting area of the valve actuator 10, a pivoting of the locking element 4 relative to the valve actuator 10 is made possible. This is necessary since, as shown in FIGS.
  • the enclosing element 4 is formed by a ring made of a flexible, elastically stretchable and optionally fiber-reinforced plastic, which has only a low resistance to deformation.
  • the ring contains a window 5 in which a window parallel to the axis of rotation 8 of the cam element 2, bearing pin 14 running in the axis 15, passes through the valve stem 11
  • a closed thin loop of a friction-reducing band 22 is provided, in which the cam element 2 rotates.
  • the band 22 can also be elastically stretchable, and consist, for example, of a low-friction plastic, a fabric or the like. As shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 to 10 show an embodiment in which a holder 12 is designed in the form of an “iron”, the bearing pin 18, similar to FIG. 2, being arranged between the elastically stretchable band 22 and the ring 4 made of elastically stretchable plastic or the like forms the axis 15
  • the end section of the bearing pin 18 widens slightly in order to prevent axial slipping in the enclosing element 4, the opposite region of the holding body 12 being chamfered in order to be able to push the holding body 12 in laterally.
  • the holding body 12 has a threaded hole, into which the valve stem 11 on the thread 28 can be screwed and can be fixed in an adjustable manner by means of a lock nut 27 Bores 3 of the cam element 2 is inserted 1 1 to 13 show an embodiment in which the enclosing element 4 is formed by a closed loop of an elastically stretchable rope which is slidably arranged in a groove 16 in the circumferential surface of the cam element 2.
  • the cam element 2 is in two axially spaced cam regions 43 divided, the groove 16, in which the oil bores 3 of the cam element 2 form the central region.
  • the enclosing element 4 is formed from a band or strip from an elastically stretchable flat structure with a textile binding, in particular a fabric or the like.
  • a protuberance 6 of the enclosing element 4 is formed for the connection to the valve actuator 10 , which can be inserted into a slot 29 of the valve stem 1 1.
  • the connection is made by means of a split pin 19 which penetrates the bores 25 of the valve stem 11 and the protuberance 6.
  • the enclosing element 4 can be a single closed loop or turn with a flat-printed protuberance 6 only loop or turn can also be formed by combining both ends 13 of a band, which represent the protuberance 6 contiguously and are inserted together into the slot 29.
  • the axis 15 is not physically realized, but results from the bending area between the protuberance 6 and the part of the encircling element 4 surrounding the peripheral surface of the cam element 2.
  • Fig. 15 shows the position of the valve stem 11 in the closed position
  • Fig. 16 shows a position at high speed, in which the two ends 13 of the band between the upper end of the valve stem 11 and the cam element are apart
  • the cam element 2 is provided with a circumferential groove 16, the bottom of which is concentric with the support shaft 1.
  • the cam element 2 is thereby divided into two cam regions 43, which are connected via a material-saving central region.
  • the seamless fabric tape of the enclosing element 4 which is preferably produced in a textile circular technique (circular weaving, circular knitting, circular knitting or the like), contains carbon, Kevlar, aramid thread or fibers or the like as protection against an elongation, since it has a high length constancy and temperature resistance.
  • the tensile threads have a length which corresponds to the normal circumferential length, and can be the weft thread of the fabric length running in the circumferential direction or additional threads which, for example in the unstretched state, are in waves or connected in a zigzag to the fabric ring.
  • the fabric can also be coated with low friction
  • a second U-shaped part 53 is inserted into the hollow connecting element 48 and glued, for example, so that the connection between the enclosing element 4 and the valve actuator 10 is secured
  • the two ends 13 of the open loop could also be connected by a belt buckle-like element which has one or two slots through which the ends 13 are guided and fixed by pins inserted into their openings 47
  • the belt-buckle-like element represents the holder 12 for the valve actuator, into which it is screwed or snapped
  • An elastically stretchable connection of the two ends 13 can also be achieved in that the projecting ends of pins inserted into the plug-in openings 47 are connected by two tension springs made of steel
  • a snap or snap connection could be formed between the sleeve 55 and the valve stem 11, so that rotation about the axis of the valve stem 11 is possible.
  • 26 and 27 show an embodiment in which the encircling element 4 is tied off by an elastically expandable eyelet 50 through which the flat-printed protuberance 6 is threaded.
  • the insert 54 inserted into the protuberance 6 has a latching or threaded bore 57 in which the lockable or threaded end 28 of the valve stem 1 1 can be inserted or screwed in.
  • a lock nut 27 is used for length adjustment or fixing of the valve actuating element 10. The tensile forces increasing with higher speeds expand the eyelet, so that in the Areas of the area touching each other move away from each other, and the area is stretched
  • a latchable, elastically expandable cord arrangement is also conceivable, for example by two parts, which are of identical design and are provided with latching hooks and latching openings, being screwed together
  • the end of the valve stem 11 is provided with an angular, conical or rounded annular groove 59 and the insert 54 is provided with two webs resilient due to a shoe 51, on which angular, conical or rounded ribs 60 are formed.
  • the valve stem is inserted into the bore 57, the insert 54 expanding until the ribs 60 engage in the annular groove 59 (FIG. 32 )
  • the connecting element 48 in the form of a U-shaped hollow bow, causing the cord, is then pushed on and secured by the U-shaped counterpart 53 which is glued or squeezed.
  • the cord in each case forms an elastic, flexible connection in FIGS the axis 15 is realized
  • valve actuator 10 can also include a pivoted rocker arm or rocker arm, at one end of which the encircling element 4 is pivotally arranged about the axis 15.
  • a camshaft for use with internal combustion engines usually has several such valve valves, the cam elements being arranged at an angle

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs à combustion interne de véhicules, qui comporte au moins un élément came (2) entraîné et une soupape (10) pouvant être déplacée par l'élément came (2). Ledit élément came (2) est placé rotatif dans un élément enveloppe souple (4) qui est relié en mouvement à la soupape (10) dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation (8) de l'élément came (2). Pour obtenir une levée de soupape dépendante du nombre de tours, l'élément enveloppe (4) peut être allongé de manière réversible, et en particulier élastiquement étiré.
EP00952787A 1999-08-12 2000-08-08 Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne Withdrawn EP1206628A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/AT1999/000198 WO2001012958A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 1999-08-12 Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne de vehicules
WOPCT/AT99/00198 1999-08-12
PCT/AT2000/000215 WO2001012959A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 2000-08-08 Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1206628A1 true EP1206628A1 (fr) 2002-05-22

Family

ID=3683862

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99938053A Withdrawn EP1206629A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 1999-08-12 Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne de vehicules
EP00952787A Withdrawn EP1206628A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 2000-08-08 Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99938053A Withdrawn EP1206629A1 (fr) 1999-08-12 1999-08-12 Commande de soupape, en particulier pour moteurs a combustion interne de vehicules

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1206629A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003507616A (fr)
AU (2) AU5270699A (fr)
WO (2) WO2001012958A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6705262B2 (en) 1998-06-16 2004-03-16 Stefan Battlogg Valve mechanism, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles
EP1247946A3 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2002-12-04 Stefan Battlogg Commande de soupape
EP1245797A3 (fr) * 2001-03-26 2003-01-08 Stefan Battlogg Actionneur de soupapes desmodromiques
EP1412619A1 (fr) * 2001-04-09 2004-04-28 BATTLOGG, Stefan Distribution desmodromique
ATE283967T1 (de) * 2001-05-04 2004-12-15 Stefan Battlogg Vorrichtung zur umwandlung einer drehbewegung in eine hin- und hergehende bewegung
WO2003014535A1 (fr) 2001-08-06 2003-02-20 Stefan Battlogg Dispositif pour transformer un mouvement de rotation en un mouvement alternatif
US6968814B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2005-11-29 Stefan Battlogg Device for converting a rotational movement into a reciprocating movement
DE20320710U1 (de) 2002-03-28 2005-02-10 Battlogg, Stefan Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung einer Drehbewegung in eine hin- und hergehende Bewegung
DE10225620A1 (de) 2002-06-07 2003-12-24 Daimler Chrysler Ag Zwangsgeführter Ventiltrieb
DE502005002015D1 (de) * 2004-03-26 2008-01-03 Stefan Battlogg Desmodromischer Ventiltrieb
DE102004029621B4 (de) 2004-06-18 2006-09-07 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Ventiltrieb für eine Brennkraftmaschine
US7421988B2 (en) 2004-08-03 2008-09-09 Stefan Battlogg Positive-guidance apparatus for conversion of a rotary movement of a drive to a reciprocating movement of a part
EP1624160A2 (fr) 2004-08-03 2006-02-08 Stefan Battlogg Guidage forcé pour convertir un mouvement rotatif en mouvement va-et-vient d'une pièce
EP1624161A1 (fr) * 2004-08-03 2006-02-08 Stefan Battlogg Dispositif permettant de transformer un mouvement rotatif en un mouvement de va et vient
EP1672183A1 (fr) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-21 JOH. WINKLHOFER & SÖHNE GmbH & Co KG Culbuteur pour une distribution desmodromique
DE102005038502B3 (de) 2005-08-13 2007-02-15 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb
DE102005038504B3 (de) 2005-08-13 2006-11-30 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb
DE102005038503A1 (de) 2005-08-13 2007-02-15 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1937152A (en) * 1930-12-23 1933-11-28 Junk Walter Positive valve control for internal combustion engines
GB741831A (en) * 1953-02-03 1955-12-14 Kelston Engineering Company Lt An improved operating mechanism for lift valves
DE3700715A1 (de) * 1986-01-22 1987-07-23 Volkswagen Ag Zwangssteuerung fuer ein ventil

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0112959A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5270699A (en) 2001-03-13
EP1206629A1 (fr) 2002-05-22
WO2001012959A1 (fr) 2001-02-22
JP2003507616A (ja) 2003-02-25
WO2001012958A1 (fr) 2001-02-22
AU6548400A (en) 2001-03-13

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