EP1412619A1 - Distribution desmodromique - Google Patents

Distribution desmodromique

Info

Publication number
EP1412619A1
EP1412619A1 EP01274084A EP01274084A EP1412619A1 EP 1412619 A1 EP1412619 A1 EP 1412619A1 EP 01274084 A EP01274084 A EP 01274084A EP 01274084 A EP01274084 A EP 01274084A EP 1412619 A1 EP1412619 A1 EP 1412619A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
valve stem
cylinder head
holder
train according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01274084A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Battlogg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1412619A1 publication Critical patent/EP1412619A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/08—Shape of cams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/30—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of positively opened and closed valves, i.e. desmodromic valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/20—Shapes or constructions of valve members, not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L2003/25—Valve configurations in relation to engine
    • F01L2003/256—Valve configurations in relation to engine configured other than perpendicular to camshaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve train, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor-driven devices, motor vehicles, or the like.
  • a valve train in particular for internal combustion engines of motor-driven devices, motor vehicles, or the like.
  • the cam element With at least one cam element arranged on a driven shaft, and with at least one lift valve which can be displaced by the cam element and has a valve stem, the cam element being rotatable within a flexible enclosing element is arranged, which is connected to one end of the valve stem, and a cylinder head for such a valve train.
  • a valve train of this type can be found, for example, in WO-01/12958-A.
  • the cam element is arranged laterally next to the valve, and the cylinder head, not shown, can be built somewhat lower compared to a construction shown in Fig. 5 or 6 of WO-01/12958-A.
  • Decisive for the height of the cylinder head is the length of the slide guide of the lift valve, which must not be less than a certain dimension, and is also determined by the diameter of the valve stem, since the forces acting on the valve during the opening movement contain a lateral component.
  • the desmodromic valve control eliminates the need for massive valve springs and allows the camshaft and valve train to be made lighter so that the height of the cylinder head could be further reduced. However, this is countered by the minimum length of the sliding guide.
  • the above considerations generally apply to all internal combustion engines, since a lighter design, for example, reduces fuel consumption.
  • the height of the cylinder head and thus the height of the entire engine is particularly important, especially in racing, where a lighter, height-saving construction lowers the center of gravity and significantly influences road holding and driving behavior.
  • the invention has therefore set itself the task of creating a valve train of the type mentioned with improved guidance for the globe valves, and achieves this in that the end connected to the enclosing element of the valve stem is guided in the direction of displacement of the valve. In this way, the entire upper part of the valve stem can be dimensioned in the length of the guide be included. It has been shown that, with a constant cylinder head height, more than twice the guide length can be achieved compared to the known valve drives. The height of the cylinder head can therefore be reduced, so that the decisive criterion for the length of the guide is the arrangement and placement of the intake or exhaust port to be operated by the globe valve.
  • a holder is formed which has sliding surfaces which can be guided on guide surfaces fixed to the cylinder head.
  • sliding surfaces can be provided on different parts of the holder or of the valve itself.
  • a first embodiment provides that the holder protrudes beyond the cam element in the axial direction of the shaft, and the sliding surfaces are provided on the protruding area of the holder.
  • the guide of the holder axially causes a substantial reduction in the overall height in addition to the cam element, even with a central, aligned valve arrangement.
  • the cam element has two axially spaced cam regions and between them a groove which is arranged in an extension of the sliding surfaces of the holder, the enclosing element in the holding region for the valve stem having a slot corresponding to the groove.
  • the cam element and a cylinder head penetrate each other provided guide elements, the width of which corresponds at most to the width of the groove, so that the guide of the holder or the valve stem can also reach close to the carrier shaft.
  • the holder provided with the sliding surfaces comprises a bearing sleeve in the enclosing element and a bearing pin which is connected to the valve stem and which is rotatably mounted in the bearing sleeve.
  • the sliding surfaces can be formed on the bearing pin.
  • a connecting part can be assigned to the bearing pin, which is connected to the valve stem and is provided with the sliding surfaces.
  • the bearing pin and the connecting part can NEN arranged in an L-shape or in a T-shape, the valve stem being screwed or the like, for example, into the connecting part projecting from the bearing pin.
  • the T-shape of the holder can be used in particular in the designs in which the cam element has a groove.
  • the connecting part can also be fork-shaped or assembled from two L-shaped parts which are connected to the bearing pin.
  • a transverse part or two transverse legs extend parallel to the bearing pin and are additionally connected to the valve stem in order to increase the strength of the connection.
  • valve stem is arranged offset with respect to the cam element in the axial direction of the shaft.
  • the axially projecting region of the holder can then be fastened to the upper part of the valve stem, and for this purpose have a bore whose axis lies in the axis of the valve stem.
  • the upper end of the valve stem can be provided with a threaded bore into which a fastening screw penetrating the bore of the holder engages.
  • the driven shaft of the valve drive running above it is preferably provided with a bore through which a screwdriver or the like can be guided to the fastening screw of the valve stem.
  • the carrier shaft is hollow and is used for the supply of oil to the circumferential surface of the cam element covered by the enclosing element, after the fastening and adjustment of all valve stems, the driven shaft pulls in a core tube which covers the access holes for the fastening screws from the inside.
  • the bore in the axially projecting region of the holder provided with the sliding surfaces is a threaded bore
  • the upper end of the valve stem has a thread which is screwed into the holder.
  • the valve stem can be adjusted and fixed by means of a corresponding bore in the carrier shaft, for example by means of a counter screw inserted from above.
  • other connection options are also conceivable, for example pressing, squeezing, clamping, connecting by means of a cross pin, etc.
  • a particularly simple, holderless design provides for direct mounting of the valve stem in the enclosing element, in that an upper end is bent or T-shaped and inserted into at least one bearing sleeve connected to the enclosing element or plug-in opening formed there.
  • the sliding surfaces can be provided in the upper part of the valve stem, which can also be thickened there, for example.
  • a bearing eyelet can be formed at the upper end of the valve stem, the outer contour of which is provided with the sliding surfaces and into which the bearing pin of the holder engages, which in this embodiment can be firmly connected to the enclosing element.
  • the lower end of the valve stem is preferably provided with a thread and screwed into the valve plate.
  • the valve train can therefore be inserted into the cylinder head from above, the maximum open position of the valve preferably being set, after which the valve disk is fixed.
  • the parts of the valve can therefore also consist of different materials, for example ceramic, steel, etc.
  • the thread can also have the function of an expansion screw.
  • the valve plate extends obliquely to the valve stem. If the camshaft is built from individual elements, the cylinder head can also be formed in one piece and have push-through bearing openings.
  • the valve can also assume an oblique position despite the forced guidance by the enclosing element and can deviate from the right angle to the axis of rotation of the shaft in at least one main direction if the valve stem is displaceably arranged parallel to the shaft relative to the cam element. This is possible if the bearing pin can slide either in the bearing sleeve of the enclosing element or in the bearing eye of the valve stem. The displacement depends on the inclination of the valve stem, and is generally only a few millimeters.
  • two valves can be operated together.
  • the cam element with a Holder for a valve guided at the upper end next to the cam element is provided.
  • the two valves can be arranged between two rectified cam elements, the two holders having a common bearing pin arranged in both enclosing elements.
  • this lateral arrangement also favors the guidance of the inlet and outlet channels.
  • the channel can namely be performed in addition to the relatively large bearing recess for the cam element necessary in the cylinder head, whereby in combination with a corresponding inclination, cross-sectional configuration and valve seat configuration, for example to match the inclined valve plate, the cylinder head height can be reduced to such an extent that its basic dimension is again from the minimum guide length of the valve stem is dependent, but this is much closer to the driven shaft, and is preferably also divided into two spaced sections.
  • valves can be spaced so far from the cam elements that the channels can be arranged without problems.
  • the bearing pin can also be cranked like a bow, so that its central section runs closer to the shaft.
  • a first preferred embodiment of a cylinder head has a semicircular bearing recess for the shaft and a semicircular bearing recess for each cam element, wherein in the area of a bore for receiving the valve stem, guide surfaces extending in the direction of displacement of the valve are provided for the end of the valve stem connected to the enclosing element are.
  • a guide sleeve made of a corresponding bearing material is pressed into each bore of the cylinder head, the upper end of which has a slot, the guide surfaces being provided in the region of the slot.
  • the slot serves for the passage of the bearing pin to the connection point with the enclosing element, which is located laterally next to the guide sleeve.
  • the guide surfaces can also be provided on rollers, rolling elements or the like.
  • the cylinder head has a base element with a bearing web for the shaft and with a guide web for the valve, which is arranged in the region of the bore for receiving the valve stem, the guide web having guide surfaces for the are associated with the enclosing element connected end of the valve stem.
  • the guide web can be formed in two parts in an extension of the groove and the thickness of the two parts of the guide web corresponds at most to the width of the groove.
  • 1 to 3 a first embodiment of a cylinder head with at least one
  • Valve drive comprising valve, wherein Fig. 1 shows a section perpendicular to the driven shaft, Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section, and Fig. 3 shows the detail A from Fig. 2; 4 to 7 a second embodiment of a cylinder head with at least one
  • FIG. 4 an exploded view in oblique view
  • FIG. 5 a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 6 enlarged detail A of FIG. 5
  • FIG. 7 an enlarged section along line VII -
  • FIG. 8 shows an exploded view in an oblique view
  • FIG. 9 shows a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 10 shows an enlarged detail A of FIG. 9;
  • Valve comprising valve train, wherein Fig. 11 is a plan view of the empty cylinder block, Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section, and Fig. 13 shows detail A of Fig. 12; 14 to 16 a fifth embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve, FIG. 14 a longitudinal section, FIG. 15 a section perpendicular to the shaft, and FIG. 16 a sectional oblique view; 17 to 20 details of a sixth embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve, FIG. 17 an oblique view of a holder, FIG. 18 a section through the holding area, FIG. 19 an oblique view of the guided holding area, and FIG.
  • FIG. 20 show a side view of the guided side area; 21 to 24 a seventh embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve, FIG. 21 an oblique view, FIG. 22 a holder in an oblique view, FIG. 23 a section through the holding area, and FIG. 24 a section through the Show stop area along the line XXIV of Fig. 23; 25 to 30 an eighth embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve, FIG. 25 an exploded view in an oblique view, FIG. 26 a carrier shaft section with a cam element, FIG. 27 a longitudinal section in an oblique view, FIG. 28 the longitudinal section in FIG Top view, Figures 29 and 30 show details of the holding area of a valve in an oblique view and in section;
  • FIG. 32 to 40 a ninth embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve in three different positions during one rotation of the carrier shaft, with FIG. 32 a longitudinal section and FIG. 33 a cross section through the cylinder head and FIG. 34 an oblique view of the holding area show, each in the valve closed position.
  • 35 shows a cross section and FIG. 36 shows an end view of the holding area, in each case in a partially open valve position.
  • FIG. 37 shows a cross section
  • FIG. 38 shows a longitudinal section
  • FIG. 39 shows an oblique view through the cylinder head
  • FIG. 40 shows a section through the holding area, each in valve open position; 41 to 47 a tenth embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve, FIG. 41 an oblique view, FIG. 42 a longitudinal section, FIG. 43 the holding area in end view, FIG. 44 the holding area in section, FIG. 45 a carrier wave section in Oblique view, Fig. 46 is a section along the line XLVI of Fig.
  • 42 and 47 show an oblique view of a detail of the guide; 48 is an oblique view of a guide sleeve, and
  • 49 shows a cross section through an eleventh embodiment of a cylinder head with a valve train comprising at least one valve.
  • a valve train comprises a driven carrier shaft 1, on which at least one cam element 2 is fixed in a manner not specified in any more detail.
  • the cam element 2 is surrounded by an encircling element 4, which is made in particular of low-tensile, low-friction fibers, such as Kevlar, aramid, glass or carbon fibers, which are processed, for example, into a fabric produced in a textile rounding technique or by means of a helical winding to form a closed loop. from a tensile plastic or metal band. or the like.
  • the enclosing element 4 has a holding area 6 with a plug opening 7, in which it is connected in an articulated manner to a valve 10 via a holder 12.
  • the enclosing element 4 cannot rotate with the cam element 2, but can convert its rotary movement into an oscillating movement which gives the valve 10 arranged in a sliding guide an opening and closing movement.
  • the valve disk 69 thereby lifts off from the valve seat 70 or closes it, so that the inlet or outlet channel 89 in the cylinder head 20, 80 is opened or closed again.
  • the cam element 2 can have a radial bore 3, via which oil can be introduced from the hollow shaft 1 into the area between the cam element 2 and the enclosing element 4.
  • the enclosing element 4 is connected to the valve stem 11 of the valve in several different ways, which are described in more detail below.
  • the valve stem 11 is guided in the cylinder head 20, 80 through a bore 88 into which a guide sleeve 81 is inserted, the lower region of which is closed and the upper end region of which is provided with a slot 82.
  • the cylinder head 80 has a semicircular bearing recess 91 for the shaft 1 and a semicircular bearing recess 86 for each cam element 2, which is provided with a central recess 92 to provide space for the connection between the enclosing element 4 and the holder 12 to create.
  • the bore 88 opens upwards into the bearing recess 91 for the shaft 1 and is open laterally into the bearing recess 86 for the cam element 2.
  • the inside of the slotted area of the guide sleeve 81 used form guide surfaces 85 for the holder 12 of the valve stem 11 or its upper end, which protrude almost up to the shaft 1.
  • the raised guide allows the height of the cylinder head 80 to be reduced considerably without having to forego the necessary properties (good heat dissipation, high force absorption, etc.).
  • the cylinder head 80 is reduced in weight and comprises a base plate 20 from which at least one bearing web 21 stands, in which the shaft 1 is mounted. Laterally offset, in the area of the bore 88 there is at least one guide web 22 per valve 10, on which the guide surfaces 85 are formed directly, or in which a guide sleeve 81 having the guide surfaces 85 and having the slot 82 is inserted.
  • the bearing web 21 and the guide web 22 can be screwed, inserted or connected in another way to the cylinder head 20, 80; but they can also be formed in one piece with the cylinder head 20, 80.
  • the holder 12 projects laterally beyond the cam element 2, and the valve 10 and the raised guide are each located laterally next to the cam element 2.
  • the cam element 2 has a central circumferential groove 31, which is provided in the extension of the guide web 22.
  • the guide web 22 is not wider than the circumferential groove 31 in the axial direction of the shaft 1, so that the guide web 22 can penetrate into the cam element 2 when the cam element 2 rotates.
  • the enclosing element 4 has a slot 5 in the holding area 6, which leaves the groove 31 free and extends approximately over half the circumference of the enclosing element 4.
  • the plug opening 7 of the enclosing element 4 is provided with a bearing sleeve 68, into which a bearing pin 14 of a holder 12 is rotatably inserted from both sides.
  • the region 61 of the holder 12 projecting axially beyond the cam element 2 is provided with a bore 62.
  • the upper end of the valve stem 11 has a threaded bore into which the bore 62 penetrating fastening screw 63 is used, which fixes the valve 10 on the holder 12.
  • a bore 30 is formed in the shaft 1 above, through which a tool for the screw 63 can access.
  • the bearing pin 14 passes through the slot 82 of the guide sleeve 81, the outer surface of the region 61 carrying the bore 62 and the section of the bearing pin 14 guided in the slot 82 forming sliding surfaces 65 of the holder 12 which open up and on the guide surfaces 85 of the guide sleeve 81 slide.
  • the holder 12 is in turn provided with a bearing pin 14 rotatably mounted in a bearing sleeve 68, the axially projecting region 61 of which has a threaded bore and sliding surfaces 65.
  • the projecting region 61 is slidably mounted in the guide sleeve 81, the bearing pin 14 being guided outwards through the slot 82.
  • the upper end of the valve stem 11 is threaded and screwed into the bore 62 of the holder 12.
  • 4 and 5 also show a core tube 38, not shown in the embodiment according to FIGS.
  • valves 10 are arranged inclined to the right angle to the axis of rotation 8 of the shaft.
  • the bearing sleeve 68 of the enclosing element 4 is penetrated by a bearing pin 14, which has axially projecting regions 61 on both sides, each of which engages in a bearing eyelet 78 which is formed at the upper ends of two valve stems 11 and is provided with the sliding surfaces 65.
  • the bearing eyelets 78 permit the inclined position of the valve stems 11, which slide slightly back and forth on the bearing pin 14 during the lifting movement.
  • the valve stems 11 are provided at the lower ends with a threaded section which is screwed into the corresponding threaded bore of the valve plate 69.
  • the bearing pin 14 is again guided in the slots 82 of the two guide sleeves 81.
  • the two valves 10 are arranged on a bearing pin 14, which connects two rectified cam elements 2, and are each inserted in a bearing sleeve 68 of an enclosing element 4.
  • the two valve stems 11 are slightly inclined so that the channels 89 can be guided in the area between the cam elements 2, as can be clearly seen from the top view in FIG. 11.
  • the two Lagerausneh openings 86 for the cam elements 2 including their central recesses 92 for the connection areas containing the bearing sleeves 68 between the enclosing elements 4 and the bearing pin 14 are connected by a central slot 87 in which the up and down moving bearing pin 14 is guided.
  • the central area can still be bent like a bow, so that it is approximated to the shaft 1, whereby the central area of the slot 87 can be less deep.
  • the bearing eyelets 78 have the sliding surfaces 65 which slide on the inner guide surfaces 85 of the guide sleeves 81. Due to the inclination of the valve stems 11, the bearing eyelets 78 shift slightly to the left and right.
  • the holder 21 has a bearing pin 14 inserted into the insertion opening 7 of the enclosing element 4 and projecting on both sides.
  • a fork-shaped connecting part 18 provided with two eyelets is articulated, on which the end of the valve stem 11 is fixed in the center.
  • the connecting part 18 has a blind bore 25, the bottom of which is a spherical surface and into which a receiving bore 26 for the upper end of the valve stem 11 can be opened.
  • det which in this version has a stepped ball head.
  • a screw 27 is inserted into the blind bore 25, the end face of which likewise has a spherical surface and fixes the spherical head of the valve stem 11. If the screw 27 has an end stop, the ball head is not clamped but held rotatably.
  • the side legs 19 of the fork-shaped connecting part 18 provided with the eyelets 78 are provided on the outside with the sliding surfaces 65 which are guided on the guide surfaces 85. As can be seen from FIG. 19, the guide surfaces 85 are formed on guide webs 22 or inlays made of bearing material, which reach close to the shaft 1 on both sides of the cam element 2.
  • the guide webs 22 form cylindrical elements and the connecting part 18 of the holder 12 has a circular outer contour.
  • the side legs 19 of the connecting part 18 provided with the eyelets 78 represent cylinder segments which have sliding surfaces 65 on the outside and are connected by a transverse part 28 and whose distance from one another corresponds to the width of the cam element 2.
  • the connecting part 18 has in its lateral legs 19 the two eyelets 78 which are rotatably mounted on the bearing pin 14 protruding from the insertion opening 7 of the enclosing element 4 on both sides (FIG. 23).
  • the bearing pin 14 can also be rotatably mounted in the insertion opening 7 or a bearing sleeve 68 provided there and fixed in the eyelets 78.
  • the blind bores 25 and the receiving opening 26 on the underside are provided, through which the upper end of the valve stem 11, which is provided with a stepped spherical head, is inserted.
  • a screw 27 inserted into the blind bore 25 holds the valve stem 11.
  • the cylindrical guide web 22 has a slot 82 in the width of the cam element 2, so that the cam area has the necessary clearance.
  • the holder 12 connected to the enclosing element 4 is thus guided up and down in the cylindrical guide web 22 like a piston.
  • 25 to 30 show a first embodiment with a cam element 2 provided with a central groove 31, and with an encircling element 4 provided in the holding area 6 with a central slot 5.
  • the holder 12 used in this embodiment has one in the optionally with a Bearing sleeve 68 provided plug-in opening 7 of the encircling element 4 inserted bearing pin 14, which has a blind bore 25 on the end face and a receiving bore 26 opening into it the upper end of the valve stem 11 is provided.
  • the upper end of the valve stem 11 is provided with at least one circumferential groove into which a rib engages in the bottom of the blind bore 25 and a rib of a fitting piece 16 which is held in the blind bore 25 by a screw 17 (FIG. 30).
  • the bearing pin 14 has a flattened area on both sides of the receiving bore 26, and the two flattened areas form sliding surfaces 65 which are parallel to one another (FIG. 25).
  • a guide web 22 which rises in the bearing recess 86 of the cylinder head 80 or from the base plate 20, extends close to the carrier shaft 1 of the cam element 2, wherein the mutually facing surfaces of the guide webs 22 form the cylinder head-fixed guide surfaces 85, on which the sliding surfaces 65 of the bearing pin 14 are slidably guided.
  • FIG. 31 shows a variant in which the holder 12, similar to the embodiment according to FIGS. 17 to 20, comprises a bearing pin 14 in which the upper end of the valve stem 11, which has a spherical head, is held directly by a screw 27 ,
  • the screw 27 preferably does not clamp the ball head, but rotatably supports it.
  • the sliding surfaces 65 are in turn formed by flattening the bearing pin 14.
  • 32 to 40 show a further embodiment with grooved cam elements 2, the enclosing elements 4 of which in turn have slots 5 in the holding areas 6.
  • the embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in the form of a reinforced holder 12.
  • This comprises a connecting part 18 formed from two L-shaped elements, each of which has a side part 19 with an eyelet 78 and a cross leg 29 with a bore 34.
  • the two L-shaped elements are fixed on the projecting ends of the bearing pin 14.
  • the upper end of the valve stem 11 is provided with two or more holes parallel to one another, the bearing pin 14 being inserted through the upper hole and the split pin 33 being inserted through the lower hole.
  • FIGS. 32 to 34 show a basic position with two valves 10 which close the inlet and outlet channels 89.
  • the guide webs 22 protruding from the cylinder head base plate 20 extend, as can be seen above all from FIG. 33, up to close to the carrier shaft 1 of the cam elements 2.
  • the bore for each valve stem 11 is formed within a guide sleeve 81 (FIG.
  • 35 and 36 are details of the 120 ° rotated position of the cam element 2, in which the valve plate 69 is lifted from the valve seat 70.
  • the holder 12 is shifted downward in the guide sleeve 81 and the guide web 22 has entered the groove 31 through the slot 5 in the holding area 6 of the enclosing element 4, ie the two cam areas of the cam element 2 move past on both sides of the guide web.
  • Fig. 36 also shows the relative rotation of the holder 12 to the enclosing element 4 about the axis 15 of the bearing pin 14, since the valve stem 11 does not extend perpendicular to the tangent to the cam element 2, as in the basic position according to FIG. 33 and the open position after 37 is the case.
  • the holder 12 In the open position, the holder 12 is pushed down over the entire height of the slot 82 in the guide sleeve 81 and lies almost against the surface of the cylinder head base plate 20.
  • the wall part of the guide sleeve 81 with the guide surface 85 can therefore be seen in the groove 31 of the cam element 2 in FIG. 40.
  • the sliding surfaces 65 are provided on the valve stem 11, the free ends of the transverse legs 29 optionally being flattened and guided along the edges of the slot 82 of the guide sleeve 81.
  • valve stem 11 is provided with a thread 77 at the lower end and screwed into the valve plate 69, which may have tool engagement elements 72 on the underside, for example.
  • the two side sections of the bearing pin 14 are inserted into the plug-in opening 7 (FIG. 25) divided by the slot 5 in the enclosing element 4, in which bearing eyes 68 are optionally arranged.
  • the slot 5 is sufficiently large so that the two parts of the insertion opening 7 in the enclosing element 4 made of flexible material can be so far apart that the bearing pin 14 can be inserted into the insertion opening 7 from the slot 5 on both sides.
  • the further structural design of this embodiment largely corresponds to that of the embodiment according to FIGS. 31 to 40.
  • the sliding surfaces 65 are formed on the valve stem 11 or the connecting part 18, which is guided in the slotted guide sleeve 81 along the guide surfaces 85.
  • the diameter of the bearing pin 14 is smaller than the diameter of the valve stem 11 or the connecting part 18, as can be seen from the section through the bearing pin 14 shown in FIG. 46.
  • the height of the slot 15 in the enclosing element 4 must at least overlap the stroke of the valve.
  • the cam element 2 has a recess on the circumference which is laterally delimited by edge webs 9, the height of which corresponds at most to the thickness of the encircling element 4.
  • edges delimiting the groove 31 are also preferably provided with edge webs 9.
  • the groove 31 is in this Execution provided only over the cam area, but can also be formed all around on the cam element 2, as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 32 to 40.
  • FIG. 49 Another variant is shown in FIG. 49.
  • the axis 71 of the valve stem 11 does not intersect the axis 8 of the carrier shaft 1, but runs at a distance from it.
  • the valve train is thus asymmetrical, so that shifted rolling and contact lines result in changes in the opening and closing times and in the opening duration.
  • the remaining structure of this version corresponds to that of the versions already described above.
  • the guide web 22 engages in the circumferential groove 31 of the cam element 2, and the valve stem 11 is guided through the guide sleeve 81 into the holding area 6 of the enclosing element 4.
  • the connection of the valve stem 11 and the enclosing element 4 is indicated by the cut bearing pin 14.
  • An asymmetrical arrangement and guidance of the valve is possible in all the embodiments described above. It also permits a steeper arrangement of the inlet and outlet channels 89 if the lateral displacement of the carrier shaft takes place in the direction shown in FIG. 49, that is to say on the side facing away from the channels 89.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une distribution desmodromique, notamment pour les moteurs à combustion interne de véhicules, comprenant au moins un élément came (2), disposé sur un arbre entraîné (1), et au moins une soupape (10), dotée d'une tige (11) et mue par l'élément came (2). Cet élément came (2) est monté pivotant à l'intérieur d'un élément de confinement (4) flexible, lequel est relié à une extrémité de la tige (11) de soupape. Cette extrémité de la tige (11) de soupape est guidée dans le sens du déplacement de la soupape (10).
EP01274084A 2001-04-09 2001-12-27 Distribution desmodromique Withdrawn EP1412619A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT5662001 2001-04-09
AT5662001 2001-04-09
PCT/AT2001/000405 WO2002081871A1 (fr) 2001-04-09 2001-12-27 Distribution desmodromique

Publications (1)

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EP1412619A1 true EP1412619A1 (fr) 2004-04-28

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EP01274084A Withdrawn EP1412619A1 (fr) 2001-04-09 2001-12-27 Distribution desmodromique

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US (1) US7051691B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1412619A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002081871A1 (fr)

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US6904882B2 (en) * 1999-08-12 2005-06-14 Stefan Battlogg Valve mechanism, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles
FR2870292A1 (fr) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-18 Renault Sas Moteur a combustion muni d'un piston concave cooperant avec une surface de chasse convexe de la culasse
DE102004029621B4 (de) * 2004-06-18 2006-09-07 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Ventiltrieb für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102005038504B3 (de) * 2005-08-13 2006-11-30 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Zwangsgesteuerter Ventiltrieb
US8087393B2 (en) * 2007-05-18 2012-01-03 Arrow Leads, Inc. Zero float valve for internal combustion engine and method of operation thereof
US7878166B2 (en) * 2007-11-29 2011-02-01 Perkins Engines Company Limited Device and method for retaining a valve bridge
US8033261B1 (en) 2008-11-03 2011-10-11 Robbins Warren H Valve actuation system and related methods
US8622039B2 (en) 2010-12-22 2014-01-07 James T. Dougherty Rockerless desmodromic valve system
US9366158B1 (en) * 2010-12-22 2016-06-14 James T. Dougherty Unitary cam follower and valve preload spring for a desmodromic valve mechanism
CN102425466A (zh) * 2011-09-28 2012-04-25 上海交通大学 无气门弹簧内燃机气门机构
FR3000534A1 (fr) * 2013-01-02 2014-07-04 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Liaison entre la queue d'une soupape et son actionneur
BR112016001719A2 (pt) * 2013-07-26 2017-09-05 Ibos Innovations Pty Ltd Máquina de pistão
EP2860362B1 (fr) 2013-10-11 2016-09-14 König, Harald Commande de soupape desmodromique
WO2020227779A1 (fr) * 2019-05-15 2020-11-19 Kenneth David Burrows Ensemble de commande de soupape
WO2021007765A1 (fr) * 2019-07-16 2021-01-21 赵秀雄 Mécanisme de transmission de soupapes de moteur

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US1937152A (en) * 1930-12-23 1933-11-28 Junk Walter Positive valve control for internal combustion engines
GB741831A (en) * 1953-02-03 1955-12-14 Kelston Engineering Company Lt An improved operating mechanism for lift valves
US2858818A (en) * 1957-11-07 1958-11-04 Joseph H Bailey Engine valve operating cam
DE3700715A1 (de) * 1986-01-22 1987-07-23 Volkswagen Ag Zwangssteuerung fuer ein ventil
JPH03168307A (ja) * 1989-11-24 1991-07-22 Takuya Matsumoto エンジンのバルブ駆動装置
US20020073948A1 (en) * 1998-06-16 2002-06-20 Stefan Battlogg Valve mechanism, in particular for internal combustion engines
JP2003507616A (ja) * 1999-08-12 2003-02-25 バットロッグ，シュテファン 特に自動車の内燃機関のための動弁機構

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7051691B2 (en) 2006-05-30
US20040177821A1 (en) 2004-09-16
WO2002081871A1 (fr) 2002-10-17

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