Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
  • A46D1/08—Preparing uniform tufts of bristles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the production of bristle goods, consisting of a bristle carrier and bristles attached to it, which are combined into at least one group with a specific cross-section, from at least two different types of bristles, by combining the bristles of one type of bristle into a sub-group and the sub-groups forming the bristle group in converging guides are brought together to form the bristle group and then the bristle group is attached to the bristle carrier. Furthermore, the invention is directed to an apparatus for performing the method.
• bristle goods in particular brushes consist of a bristle carrier and attached to it, usually to bristle groups, for. B. bundles of bristles.
• the bristle groups are either mechanically in the so-called stamping process or - if bristles and bristle carriers are made of plastic - in more recent times attached to the bristle carrier by thermal means, possibly combined with mechanical forming processes. These include, for example, welding the bristles onto the surface of the bristle carrier, inserting the bristle bundles into a more or less melted-on bristle carrier surface or injecting the bundles by melting the bristle ends on the bundle foot to form a thickening and overmolding with the bristle carrier material. These thermal processes have been introduced in particular for toothbrushes, hygiene brushes, etc.
• bristle products are also understood to mean brush-like devices for applying or applying media, in which the bristles are generally provided in only one group, namely a bundle, a package or the like.
• toothbrushes it was discovered very early on that a straight cut bristle stock, in which all bristle ends lie on a single level, does not meet the dental hygiene requirements, since the curved, occasionally fissured tooth surfaces, as well as the interdental spaces, are inadequate getting cleaned.
• toothbrushes have been developed in which the bristle ends lie in more or less contoured envelope surfaces, for example by the bristle trimmings Has wave cut. It is also known to arrange the bristles of a single bundle with their ends on a conical surface. The main aim of all these measures is to be able to reach the interdental spaces with the bristles.
• the bristle trim consists of individual bundles, the ends of which in turn lie in a conical surface with an aggressive tip. Each bundle also contains individual bristles that are longer than the bristles in the bundles and the ends of which lie in a single plane. These individual bristles thus protrude slightly beyond the bundle bristles. With this training, too, an improvement in the cleaning of the interdental spaces, into which the individual bristles penetrate better than the conical bundles, is intended and possible. The production is very complex because the individual bristles have to be pulled into the bundle in a separate operation.
• the monofilament strand is pulled or pushed through a shaping device which reshapes the strand with its irregular cross-sectional shape into the desired cross-section.
• the bundles are then cut to size behind the shaping device and attached to the bristle holder. However, this only allows the bundle shape to be varied.
• the invention has for its object to further develop the known from US-A-5,728,408 method according to the preamble of claim 1 that bristle goods can be produced in which consisting of subgroups of different cross-section bristle groups with bristles of different types and different numbers in the subgroups can be produced in any form adapted to the respective use.
• the bristles of each sub-group are formed into a cross-section corresponding to their partial cross-section in the bristle group and then the sub-groups are brought together in the guides to form the cross-section of the bristle group.
• the bristle group is then preferably transferred to a holding device by means of which the bristle group is transported for attachment to the bristle carrier, but the finished bristle group can also be attached directly to the bristle carrier after molding.
• a bristle group with a defined cross-section can be generated from sub-groups of different types of bristles with equally defined partial cross-sections, so that within the bristle group the different types of bristles are present in a defined geometry which is optimally adapted to the particular use of the bristle product.
• the bristle group or the sub-groups forming it can subsequently be fixed in the holding device and while maintaining this geometry on the bristle carrier according to one of the known mechanical or thermal methods attached.
• bristle groups of any cross-section can be produced, within which the sub-groups can also be of any cross-section Cross-section, but always arranged with the aim of optimization with regard to the respective use. So the subgroups can e.g. B. concentric, segment or sector-shaped or strip-like arrangement.
• the invention furthermore makes it possible to provide different amounts of bristles within each subgroup.
• the bristles of each sub-group are compressed during molding so that they lie close together within the sub-group and are supported against one another.
• This tight packing of the bristles offers advantages in particular in the thermal fastening methods of the bristle group on the bristle carrier, since the softened plastic mass of the bristle carrier cannot penetrate between the bristles.
• the method according to the invention enables either all bristle groups of a bristle stock of the bristle product to be formed in the molding device simultaneously or in succession in time. In both cases, they can then be transferred to a holding device which holds all the bristle groups and by means of which the complete bristle stock can then be attached to the bristle carrier.
• the sub-groups are transferred to the holding device in different lengths after being brought together to form the bristle group and are cut flat between the shaping device and the holding device.
• the bristle groups are preferably clamped in the holding device in order to fix the geometry generated by the molding device.
• the holding device enables the bristles in the holding device to be displaced axially relative to one another in the unclamped state in order to bring the ends of each sub-group on the use side into different enveloping surfaces which can be curved continuously or discontinuously.
• the method according to the invention makes it possible to keep the subgroups at a short distance when they are brought together to form the bristle group, or else to bring them together to form the bristle group under close contact, although there are always defined interfaces between the subgroups.
• the bristles of the subgroups are formed from endless monofilaments by accommodating the bristles of the same type as strands of endless monofilaments on separate spools, and pulling the strands of bristles of the same type off the spool and forming each a sub-group are introduced into the guides, the bristles of all the sub-groups forming a bristle group being fed to the guides at the same time.
• the endless monofilaments can be present in different numbers in the strands forming the subgroups.
• subgroups can also be formed from bristles in the form of short cuts of appropriate length.
• the invention further relates to a device for performing the method according to the invention.
• a device for performing the method according to the invention.
• Such a device is characterized in that at least one coil with a strand of monofilaments of the same type of bristle is provided for each subgroup to form a bristle group from at least two subgroups with bristles of different types, the coils at least one take-off device with one guide channel for each strand and
• the extraction device is followed by a stationary molding device with a corresponding number of molding channels, which are aligned with their guide channels at their mouths facing the extraction device and have a cross-section that changes up to the partial cross-section of the subgroup and at the same time converge to an envelope cross-section corresponding to the cross-section of the bristle group ,
• the shaping device is advantageously followed by a movable holding device for a bristle group, which has holding channels in shape and arrangement corresponding to the guide channels of the take-off device facing it, the strands being
• the bristle group or the entire bristle stock is produced from several bristle groups in cycles and then fastened to the bristle carrier or transported by means of the holding device for fastening to the bristle carrier.
• the shaping channels of the shaping device can at the same time taper in the direction of their cross-sectional change, so that the bristles of the subgroup are simultaneously compressed during the shaping.
• At least two separately movable extraction devices are arranged one behind the other, which optionally act together or selectively on the strands forming the sub-groups in order to insert the sub-groups equally or differently into the holding device.
• the trigger device and the holding device consist of parallel layered plates, one of which is movable as a clamping plate transversely to the guide or holding channels.
• the device according to the invention makes it possible to move the holding device with the clamped bristle group past devices for processing and / or treating the use-side and / or the attachment-side bristle ends before the bristle group or the bristle stock consisting of several bristle groups is attached to the bristle carrier.
• bristle articles can be produced in which the bristle stock formed from bristle groups with a certain cross-sectional shape in each bristle group consists of at least two subgroups of bristles of different types that complement the cross-sectional shape, between the at least two Subgroups of a bristle group are flat or curved interfaces.
• the subgroups are arranged within each bristle group in a defined geometry.
• the at least one subgroup of a bristle group can surround the other subgroup, for example two subgroups can be arranged concentrically to one another. It is also possible that several sub-groups of a bristle group concentrically surround a central sub-group.
• the at least two sub-groups of a bristle group can consist of bristles of different cross-section, different cross-sectional shape, different material, different material compositions or material properties, different surface properties or different color.
• the subgroup inside a bristle group consists of bristles with a lower bending resistance than the bristles of the subgroup (s) surrounding this subgroup.
• the inner, softer, for example thinner bristles are supported completely or at least over part of their length on all sides.
• each sub-group of bristles with the lower bending resistance can protrude beyond the ends of the bristles surrounding them with the greater bending resistance.
• the ends of the bristles of the subgroup can also be arranged in flat, possibly different enveloping surfaces, or also in curved enveloping surfaces and, if appropriate, again in enveloping surfaces with different curvatures.
• the ends of the bristles of all subgroups of a bristle group preferably lie in a continuously curved envelope surface which, in a further advantageous embodiment, lies symmetrically to the bristle group's axis parallel to the bristles.
• the device shown in Fig. 1 is used to produce bristle groups from sub-groups of different types of bristles, the bristles for each sub-group of continuous monofilaments being combined into a strand and housed, for example, on spools from which they are drawn off by means of the device according to Fig. 1 and into bristle groups are processed.
• the device consists of two trigger devices 1, 2 arranged one behind the other, a molding device 3 arranged downstream of the trigger device 2 and a holding device 4 connected downstream of this.
• the trigger devices 1 and 2 can be displaced linearly in the direction of the double arrows 5 and 6, while the molding device 3 is stationary.
• the holding device 4 is in turn movable according to the double arrow 7.
• a cutting device 8 is also arranged after the shaping device 3.
• the device according to FIG. 1 is used to produce a bristle group consisting of a central sub-group and six sub-groups enveloping it, as can be seen in FIG. 5.
• Each extraction device 1 consists of two outer plates 9 with a total of seven guide channels 10 for an outer strand 11 and a central strand 12.
• the outer strands 11 consist of a single type of bristle, for example bristles with a relatively large cross-section, while the central strand 12 consists of endless monofilaments of smaller cross-section.
• the strands 11, 12 are guided with play in the guide channels 10 of the two outer plates 9.
• the trigger device 1 has a clamping plate 13 between the two plates 9, which is transverse to the Strands 11, 12, as indicated by a double arrow, is displaceable.
• the extraction device 2 likewise consists of outer plates 9, 9 with guide channels 10 and a central clamping plate 17.
• the clamping plate 13 has channels 18 of larger cross section aligned with the guide channels 10 and a central guide channel 19 with a smaller cross section (FIG. 3), while vice versa the clamping plate 17 with the guide channels 10 is aligned channels 20 for the strands 11 of the same cross section and a central channel 21 of larger cross section (FIG. 4).
• the molding device 3 has a number of molding channels 15, 16 which corresponds to the number of guide channels of the extraction device 1, 2, the molding channel 16 being aligned with the central channel of the drawing devices 1, 2, while the peripherally arranged molding channels 15 face the extraction device 2 on their side Align the mouth with the guide channels 10.
• the molding channels 15 converge towards the opposite mouth to the central molding channel 16. While the molding channel 16 has a continuously circular cross section, the cross section of the peripheral molding channels 15 changes in the direction of their conversion from a cross section initially circular at the inlet mouth to a circular sector cross section at the opposite Muzzle.
• the holding device 4 is designed as a clamping device. It consists of two outer plates 22, 23 and a central clamping plate 24 which is displaceable in the direction of the double arrow 25.
• the holding device 4 has a central holding channel 25 which is closely surrounded by peripheral holding channels 26 which are the same Allocation to one another is the same as the shaped channels 15 and 16 at the mouth facing the holding device 4.
• narrow wall webs 14 are arranged between the peripheral holding channels 26 and between these and the middle holding channel 25.
• the strands 11 and 12 are inserted with the clamping plates 13, 17 open on the extraction devices 1 and 2 into the shaping device 3, and the leading ends of the strands 11, 12 are shaped in the shaping device to the corresponding partial cross sections of the subgroups.
• the clamping plate 17 is closed, whereby the outer strands 11 are clamped in while the clamping plate 13 is in the open position.
• the trigger devices 1 and 2 then move to the right (FIG. 8) until the strands 11 are pushed through the holding device 4, the clamping plate 24 of which is also in the open position.
• the strands 11 thus protrude from the holding device 4.
• the trigger device 2 runs against the molding device 3.
• the clamping plate 17 of the trigger device 2 is opened and the clamping plate 13 of the trigger device 1 is closed and the latter is moved in the direction of the trigger device 2 (FIG. 9).
• the take-off device 1 takes only the middle strand 12 for the middle sub-group of the bristle group and pushes it through the shaping device 3 and the holding device 4 to such an extent that its leading end projects beyond the strands 11 already in the holding device to the front.
• the holding device 4 is moved away from the molding device 3 when the clamping plate 24 is closed and thereby pulls the strands 11, 12 through the molding device 3 (FIG. 10).
• the cutting device 8 is then lowered in front of the molding device 3, so that the strands clamped in the holding device 4 are cut off on the molding device 3 (FIG. 11).
• the holding device 4 now fixes a bristle group (FIG. 12), which consists of outer subgroups 27 and a central subgroup 28, the cross section and assignment of which can be seen from FIG. 5.
• a new holding device 4 is then brought in front of the molding device 3 (FIG. 12), the extraction devices 1 and 2 move back and a new work cycle begins, as explained with reference to FIG. 7.
• the holding device 4 can then be guided past processing stations at which, for example, the ends 29 of the sub-group 28 on the usage side and the ends 30 of the sub-group 27 on the usage side are machined, e.g. B. be rounded.
• the subgroups can also be displaced axially relative to one another, just as the bristles within each subgroup can also be displaced axially relative to one another, in order to move the ends 29, 30 on the use side into any enveloping surfaces.
• the entire bristle group 31 can be prepared at the opposite ends 32 for attachment to the bristle carrier, for example the ends can be fused together and shaped or calibrated.
• the device has a guide block 33 with guide channels 34, in which a molding device 35 with converging molding channels 36 and a central molding channel 37 is connected.
• the shaped channels 36 also change their cross section in the direction of their conversion.
• the shaping device 35 is in turn followed by a holding device 38 which has a central clamping plate 39.
• the holding device 38 in turn has peripheral holding channels 40 and a central holding channel 41, which are aligned with the mouths of the shaped channels 36 and 37 facing the holding device.
• the short cuts 42 are introduced into the guide channels 34 of the guide block 33 and are pushed into the mold channels 36 of the molding device 35 by means of pushing plungers 43 immersed in the channels 34, until finally they are pushed in by the holding device 38 so that they project forward are (Fig. 14).
• the guide block 33 is then moved away and a guide block 44 with a central guide channel 45 for a short cut 46 forming the middle subgroup is moved in front of the shaping device 38 (FIG. 15) and the short cut 46 is pushed through the shaping device into the holding device 38 by means of a pushing punch 47 until the short section 46 forming the middle subgroup projects beyond the short sections 42 forming the peripheral subgroups (FIG. 16).
• the holding device 38 is then moved away from the molding device 35 with the clamping plate 39 closed and pulls the short cuts 42, 46 out of the molding device 35 (FIG. 17).
• bristle groups of different geometries can be produced. Some embodiments are described below.
• FIG. 18 shows a side view of a bristle group 47, which consists of subgroups as shown in FIG. 5 or only of a central subgroup 48 and a subgroup 49 that completely surrounds them, as is shown, for example, in FIG. 22.
• the sub-group 48 consists of bristles of small diameter and the bristle group 49 enveloping them consists of bristles of larger diameter.
• the ends 50 of the central sub-group 48 and the ends 51 of the enveloping sub-group 49 each lie in one plane.
• FIG. 19 shows a bristle group 52 consisting of a central sub-group 53 and an outer sub-group 54 concentrically surrounding it, the ends 55 of the sub-group 53 and the ends 56 of the sub-group 54 lying in a flat envelope surface, but the envelope surfaces being arranged at different levels are.
• the bristle group 56 according to FIG. 20 differs from that according to FIG. 19 in that the ends 59 of the central sub-group 60 lie on a conical surface, while the ends 58 of the enveloping sub-group 57 are in one plane.
• FIG. 21 shows a bristle group 61 in which the ends 62 of the enveloping bristle group and the ends 63 of the central bristle group lie on a common conical surface.
• FIG. 22 has already been explained in connection with FIG. 18.
• a central subgroup 64 with bristles of smaller diameter completely surrounded by a bristle group 65 with bristles of larger diameter both subgroups having a square cross section.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 24 differs from this in that the central subgroup 66 has a triangular cross section and the surrounding subgroup 67 is also triangular.
• FIG. 25 shows an exemplary embodiment with a central sub-group 68 with an approximately oval cross-section, which can optionally also be formed from a plurality of sub-groups and has bristles of smaller cross-section, while the outer sub-group 69 which envelops them and which can likewise consist of a plurality of sub-groups, bristles larger Cross section.
• FIG. 26 shows a bristle group with a central sub-group 70 consisting of only a few bristles of large diameter and a sub-group 71 surrounding it, which in turn can be formed from several sub-groups and contains bristles of smaller diameter. 26 differs from the circular cross-section of the bristle group according to FIG. 27 in that the central sub-group 72 is again approximately circular, but the outer sub-group 73 is square.
• FIG. 28 shows a bristle group shows a bristle group 74 made up of three sub-groups 75, 76 and 77, which have partial cross-sections in the shape of a circular sector and complement one another to form a circular cross-section of the bristle group 74, the groups being separated from one another by flat interfaces 78.
• the subgroup 75 has bristles of smaller diameter than the subgroups 76 and 77.
• FIG. 29 shows a bristle group 79 which consists of a central sub-group 80 with an approximately diamond-shaped cross section and four subgroups 81 surrounding them with a lenticular cross section.
• the central sub-group 80 has bristles of smaller diameter, while the lenticular sub-group 81 surrounding them contain bristles of the same and larger cross-section. Curved interfaces 82 are present between the central subgroup 80 and the outer subgroups 81.
• FIGS. 30 shows a bristle group 83 from a central sub-group 84 with a circular cross-section and surrounding six sub-groups 85 with a sector-shaped cross-section.
• the production of this bristle group 83 has been explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
• the bristle group 86 consists of a middle sub-group 87 and neighboring sub-groups 88 of essentially rectangular cross-section, the middle sub-group 87 having bristles of larger diameter.
• Subgroups 89 with an essentially semicircular cross section adjoin the two subgroups 88 on the outside and contain, for example, bristles of the same diameter as the middle subgroup 87.
• FIGS. 34 and 35 differs from that of FIGS. 32 and 33 in that the outer subgroup 93 and the inner subgroup 94 each have a rectangular cross section and the thin bristles of the inner subgroup 94 the bristles of the outer Exceed subgroup 93 upwards.
• each bristle group 103 consists of an inner sub-group 104 and an outer sub-group 105, which are arranged concentrically, the ends of the bristles of the two sub-groups 104 and 105 lying on a conical envelope surface.
• Bristle groups with an essentially triangular cross section but different triangular shapes are arranged on the head 100.
• the bristle group 106 arranged at the front end of the brush head has a cross section in the form of an equilateral triangle.
• the bristle group consists of several subgroups, the bristle ends of the subgroups lying on an envelope surface 110 of an equilateral pyramid.
• the next two bristle groups 107 differ from this in that their cross-section forms an equilateral triangle, while the subsequent bristle groups 108 in turn have the cross-section of an equilateral triangle.
• the bristle groups 109 near the neck 101 have a cross section corresponding to an extremely acute-angled triangle.
• the bristle ends of all subgroups lie, as can be seen in FIG. 38, on an envelope surface, which is one equilateral or equilateral pyramid.
• the toothbrush head 100 again shows a toothbrush head 100, the bristle covering of which consists of cylindrical bristle groups 111 in the area near the neck 101 and of a large-volume bristle group 112 in its front area.
• the cylindrical bristle groups 111 can consist of a single type of bristle or two or more sub-groups of different bristles.
• the bristle group 112 at the front end of the bristle head 100 consists of three sub-groups 113, 114 and 115, which are arranged essentially concentrically to one another, but widen cup-shaped to the bristle ends.
• the ends of the individual sub-groups 113, 114, 115, as shown in FIG. 41, lie on a convex envelope surface 116.
• the head 116 has a pin 117 for attachment to the drive part of the electric toothbrush.
• the head 116 is filled with bristle groups 118 to 122, the bristle group 118 running in a zigzag shape and its bristle ends projecting beyond the ends of the bristle groups 119 to 122.
• the bristles of the bristle group 118 and those of the groups 119 to 122 preferably consist of bristles of different types.
• the bristle group 118 can optionally be composed of several sub-groups with bristles of the same or different types.
• the bristle stock consists of a single bristle group 125, which is composed of two subgroups 126 and 127, the subgroup 126 projecting above the subgroup 127 and their bristle ends lying on a spiral.
• the subgroups 126 and 127 can in turn be composed of several subgroups of the same type of bristle.
• a bristle group 129 is fastened to a brush handle 128 and consists of two concentric partial groups 130 and 131 (FIG. 44b), the central partial group 131 having shorter bristles, so that a storage space 132 for receiving the application agent arises.
• the embodiment according to FIG. 46 differs from that according to FIG. 44 in that the central sub-group 131 is still somewhat shorter, so that there is a deeper storage space 133.
• the bristle group 134 again consists of concentrically arranged sub-groups 135 and 136, the central sub-group 136 consisting of corrugated bristles 137 (FIG. 46 a) for the additional storage of media which are also shorter than the bristles surrounding them Subgroup 135.
• FIG. 47 shows a flat brush, on the handle 138 of which a bristle group with a central sub-group 139 and a sub-group 140 surrounding it in an annular manner is fastened.
• the bristles of the central sub-group 139 are arranged in such a way that narrow capillaries for receiving paint or lacquer are formed between them, while the bristles of the outer sub-group 140 lie close together and prevent the medium to be applied from escaping sideways, so that a flat brush is created with which the medium can be applied very precisely in strips.

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• 1999
  • 1999-03-04 DE DE19909435A patent/DE19909435A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2000
  • 2000-02-22 TW TW089103017A patent/TW427890B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-02-24 EP EP00910706A patent/EP1158880B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-02-24 CA CA002362595A patent/CA2362595A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2000-02-24 AT AT00910706T patent/ATE265164T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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  • 2000-02-24 PL PL00350320A patent/PL350320A1/xx unknown
  • 2000-02-24 AU AU32820/00A patent/AU758677C/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-02-24 HU HU0200098A patent/HUP0200098A2/hu unknown
  • 2000-02-24 CN CNB008046204A patent/CN1145442C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-02-24 BR BR0008742-4A patent/BR0008742A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-02-24 WO PCT/EP2000/001533 patent/WO2000051462A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 2000-02-24 JP JP2000601940A patent/JP2002537880A/ja active Pending
  • 2000-02-24 US US09/914,450 patent/US6726789B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-02-24 TR TR2001/02571T patent/TR200102571T2/xx unknown
  • 2000-02-24 CZ CZ20013125A patent/CZ300258B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
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• 2001
  • 2001-08-27 ZA ZA200107073A patent/ZA200107073B/xx unknown
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