EP1155756A1 - Werkzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer GegenstÄnde - Google Patents

Werkzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer GegenstÄnde Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1155756A1
EP1155756A1 EP00304220A EP00304220A EP1155756A1 EP 1155756 A1 EP1155756 A1 EP 1155756A1 EP 00304220 A EP00304220 A EP 00304220A EP 00304220 A EP00304220 A EP 00304220A EP 1155756 A1 EP1155756 A1 EP 1155756A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool member
press
arm members
press according
metal sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00304220A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
designation of the inventor has not yet been filed The
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems PLC
Original Assignee
BAE Systems PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BAE Systems PLC filed Critical BAE Systems PLC
Priority to EP00304220A priority Critical patent/EP1155756A1/de
Publication of EP1155756A1 publication Critical patent/EP1155756A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/02—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves on press brakes without making use of clamping means
    • B21D5/0209—Tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/01—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves between rams and anvils or abutments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B21D51/10—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects conically or cylindrically shaped objects

Definitions

  • This invention relates to tools and processes for forming conical components from sheet metal or other plastically deformable sheet material.
  • this invention relates to such tools and processes used to form small conical components such as components for airframes.
  • conical components are rolled into shape by machines that comprise a pair of parallel rollers, with a third roller placed above them so that its bottom penetrates the gap between the lower rollers.
  • a conical shape is imparted to a metal sheet rolled through the machine because the penetration of the top roller into the gap is greater at one end of its ends than the other. It will be appreciated that the greater the difference in penetration between ends, the greater the taper of the conical components that the machine produces.
  • the invention resides in a press for forming a conical component from sheet metal or the like comprising two spaced elongate arm members and an elongate tool member movable between a clear position in which the tool member is clear of a gap between the arm members and an interposed position in which at least a portion of the tool member penetrates the gap, wherein a member is disposed out of parallel alignment with at least one of the other members.
  • the press is arranged such that, when in the interposed position, the penetration of the tool member into the gap is greater at one end of the tool member than the other, so that the tool member is not parallel with either arm member.
  • the curvature imparted to the metal sheet will increase as the penetration of the tool member into the gap increases along the length of the gap.
  • the arm members diverge along their length, so that the arm members are not parallel.
  • the curvature imparted to the metal sheet will decrease as the separation of the arms increases.
  • the two alternative embodiments described in this paragraph may be combined to yield a press having mutually non-parallel arm members and tool member.
  • the penetration of the tool member into the gap would increase as the width of the gap decreased.
  • the press is arranged such that, when in the interposed position, the tool member is substantially equidistant from the arm members. This arrangement ensures that the metal sheet is deformed evenly across the width of the gap.
  • the part-formed conical component will wrap itself around the elongate tool member. Consequently it is convenient to ensure that the central forming portion of the tool member is unobstructed.
  • the tool member may be supported at only one end portion in cantilever fashion. This is convenient as it allows a formed conical component to be slid from the tool member.
  • the tool member may be detachably supported at both end portions. Detaching the tool member from its supports allows a formed component to be slid from the tool member.
  • the tool member may be supported at a short distance from one end leaving a portion of the tool member projecting beyond the support. This ensures that at least a part of the tool member can be grasped by an operator, even when a formed conical component is wrapped around the central forming portion of the tool member.
  • a support for the tool member is clear of the arm members when the tool member is moved into the interposed position.
  • a forming portion of the tool member has a curved forming surface. This is advantageous because it ensures that a smooth curvature is imparted to the metal sheet at the line of contact: using an edge to contact the metal sheet will leave crease marks in the component and an acceptable conical form may not result.
  • the tool member is a solid bar, which is advantageous in terms of strength and / or damage tolerance.
  • the travel of the tool member into the gap may be limited by limiting means.
  • this may be achieved by arranging the press such that progressive movement of a lever arm causes reciprocating motion of the tool member from the clear position into the interposed position and then back towards the clear position.
  • the reciprocating motion may be effected by a cam. It is advantageous to limit the travel of the tool into the gap because excessive travel imparts too great a curvature to the sheet metal. Whilst it is relatively difficult to straighten the metal sheets, it is far easier to increase their curvature by performing another pressing operation as would be necessary if the tool member was not driven far enough into the gap.
  • the press may be arranged such that an operator may use one hand to operate a lever arm to move the tool member between the clear and interposed position and, optionally, use his other hand to hold the metal sheet in position in the press.
  • the press is adapted to allow selection of the tilt of the die relative to the tool, such that the variation in penetration between the ends of the tool member when in the interposed position can be adjusted.
  • This allows conical components of varying degrees of taper to be produced by the same press: the shallower the angle between the tool member and the arm members, the less the taper of the conical component.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, namely a press 20 including a tool 21 and a die 22.
  • the tool 21 and die 22 can be seen in more detail in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the tool 21 comprises an elongate cylindrical bar 23 held at its ends 24, 25 by two supports 26, 27 which depend from an upper section 28 of the press 20.
  • Each support 26, 27 comprises a body 29, 30 with an enlarged head 31, 32 provided at its distal end.
  • Aligned through-holes 33, 34 are provided in the enlarged heads 31, 32 to receive the bar 23, the size of the through-holes 33, 34 being a clearance fit for the bar 23.
  • the bar 23 is held in place by bolts 35, 36 that screw through threaded holes provided in the enlarged heads 31, 32 to enter the through-holes 33, 34 and abut against aligned flat surfaces 37, 38 of the bar 23.
  • the die 22 has a pair of arm members in the form of two parallel ridges 39, 40 that extend along its entire length, the ridges 39, 40 defining a gap or channel 41 therebetween.
  • a tongue 42 extends from a lower side of the die 22, as best seen in Figure 5. The tongue 42 is clamped in a slot 43 of a lower section 45 of the press 20 by spaced bolts 46, as best seen in Figures 7 to 9.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 show the upper section 28, and hence bar 23, in a raised position where it is clear of the die 22.
  • the die 22, which is shorter than the elongate bar 23, is positioned centrally between the heads 31, 32, so that as the bar 23 moves downward into the channel 41 between the ridges 39, 40, the heads 31, 32 pass either end of the die 22. Hence, at its maximum downward travel, the bar 23 is in a lowered position interposed between the ridges 39, 40 as best shown in Figure 4.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show that the bar 23 is held at an angle to the ridges 39, 40, the ridges 39, 40 being disposed horizontally, so that one end 24 of the bar 23 penetrates the channel 41 before the other end 25, as it is lowered vertically.
  • the bar 23 is not parallel with either ridge 39, 40 when viewed from the side.
  • the parallel ridges 39, 40 have flat top surfaces 48, 49 and rounded forming shoulders 50, 51 on either side of the channel 41, which is 'u'-shaped with a flat bottom 52.
  • a metal sheet 53 is placed into the press 20 with the bar 23 raised.
  • the metal sheet 53 is held by one hand 54 with a bottom surface 55 of the metal sheet 53 resting on the top surfaces 48, 49 of the ridges 39, 40.
  • a rear edge of the metal sheet 53 is aligned to run parallel with the ridges 39, 40 as this allows reproducible alignment of the metal sheet 53 between each forming operation.
  • the metal sheet 53 is initially held with only a short section, i.e. a few millimetres, extending beyond the ridge 40. As this short section will not be deformed by the press, it is initially hammered into the desired shape before the metal sheet 53 is placed into the press 20.
  • the bar 23 As the bar 23 is moved downwards, its bottom surface will contact the top surface 57 of the metal sheet 53 and, subsequently, act as a forming surface. Further downward motion of the bar 23 into the channel 41 is resisted by the metal sheet 53 due to the reaction of the shoulders 50, 51 on the bottom surface 55 of the metal sheet 53.
  • sufficient force applied to the lever arm 47 will cause the metal sheet 53 to deform as the bar 23 is urged into the channel 41.
  • the metal sheet 53 As the bar 23 progressively penetrates the channel 41, the metal sheet 53 is drawn over the rounded shoulders 50, 51 of the ridges 39, 40.
  • the metal sheet 53 is advanced into the press 20 by a further few millimetres for a second forming operation to be performed as can best be seen in Figure 7.
  • a cone 58 is progressively formed.
  • Figure 8 shows the metal sheet 53 being shaped part way through the repeated forming operations and
  • Figure 9 shows a finished cone 58.
  • the lever arm 47 is linked to the upper section 28 of the press 20 via a cam (not shown) so that, as the lever arm 47 is progressively lowered, the bar 23 is first lowered from its raised position to its fully lowered position and then raised back towards its raised position.
  • the lever arm 47 has a return spring to urge the lever arm 47 back to its upper position, which causes the bar 23 to move back into its fully lowered position before moving again to its raised position.
  • Cones 58 of varying taper can easily be made using the press 20 of Figure 1 as follows.
  • the relative angle ⁇ between the bar 23 and the die 22 determines the degree of taper of the cone 58 produced by the press 20 and this angle ⁇ may be adjusted by varying the pitch of the lower section 45 of the press 20. This is achieved by using bolts (not shown) underneath the lower section 45. Increasing the angle ⁇ of the die 22 relative to the bar 23 will produce more highly tapered cones whilst decreasing the angle ⁇ will produce less highly tapered cones.
  • Figures 7, 8 and 9 clearly show how the metal sheet 53 wraps itself around the bar 23 as it is shaped into a cone 58.
  • the finished cone 58 is trapped on the bar 23 by the supports 26, 27. Accordingly, the bolts 35,36 securing the bar 23 in the supports 26, 27 are loosened so that the bar 23 can be pulled through the supports 26, 27 by the end 25 of the bar 23 that projects beyond the support 27. Hence, the cone 58 is freed from the bar 23, as shown in Figure 9. Once the cone 58 has been removed, the bar 23 is replaced so that another cone 58 may be made.
  • FIG. 10 A second embodiment of a die 22 in accordance with the present invention is shown in Figure 10.
  • This die 22 broadly corresponds to the die 22 of Figures 5 and 6, and so like reference numerals are used for like parts.
  • the die 22 of Figure 10 has a greater width allowing the ridges 39, 40 to define a wider channel 41 which, in this embodiment, is 'v'-shaped.
  • the wider channel 41 of Figure 8 will produce a broader cone 58 when employed in the press 20 of Figure 1. It will be appreciated that the press 20 would be used in the same way as described hereinabove.
  • a third embodiment of a die 22 in accordance with the present invention is shown in plan in Figure 11.
  • the view of the right hand end of the die 22 corresponds to that shown previously in Figure 5.
  • the ridges 39, 40 are no longer parallel but diverge to form a channel 41 that decreases in width from left to right.
  • the top surfaces 48, 49 of the ridges 39, 40 and their rounded shoulders 50, 51 are of uniform width.
  • the die 22 of Figure 11 may be used with the press 20 of Figure 1, preferably with the narrowed end of the channel 41 being placed to coincide with the end 24 of the bar 23 that penetrates the channel 41 most. In this way, the taper of cones produced in the press 20 is increased.
  • the die 22 of Figure 11 may be used with a modified press where the bar is held horizontally so that, when lowered, the degree of vertical penetration of the bar is uniform along the length of the die 22. The steadily increasing width of the channel 41 ensures that a conical shape is imparted to a metal sheet when pressed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
EP00304220A 2000-05-18 2000-05-18 Werkzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer GegenstÄnde Withdrawn EP1155756A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00304220A EP1155756A1 (de) 2000-05-18 2000-05-18 Werkzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer GegenstÄnde

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00304220A EP1155756A1 (de) 2000-05-18 2000-05-18 Werkzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer GegenstÄnde

Publications (1)

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EP1155756A1 true EP1155756A1 (de) 2001-11-21

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EP00304220A Withdrawn EP1155756A1 (de) 2000-05-18 2000-05-18 Werkzeuge und Verfahren zur Herstellung konischer GegenstÄnde

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113560379A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-29 上海宝冶集团有限公司 一种用于方管成形压制的工装及其使用方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1059389B (de) * 1956-11-09 1959-06-18 Wilhelmsburger Maschf Presse zum Herstellen von konischen Hohlkoerpern, Profilen od. dgl.
US4195509A (en) * 1976-06-12 1980-04-01 Hinrichs Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Device for bending ring segment-shaped plate blanks into conically shaped parts

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1059389B (de) * 1956-11-09 1959-06-18 Wilhelmsburger Maschf Presse zum Herstellen von konischen Hohlkoerpern, Profilen od. dgl.
US4195509A (en) * 1976-06-12 1980-04-01 Hinrichs Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Device for bending ring segment-shaped plate blanks into conically shaped parts

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113560379A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-29 上海宝冶集团有限公司 一种用于方管成形压制的工装及其使用方法

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