EP1152959B1 - Bouchon de fermeture - Google Patents

Bouchon de fermeture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152959B1
EP1152959B1 EP00901794A EP00901794A EP1152959B1 EP 1152959 B1 EP1152959 B1 EP 1152959B1 EP 00901794 A EP00901794 A EP 00901794A EP 00901794 A EP00901794 A EP 00901794A EP 1152959 B1 EP1152959 B1 EP 1152959B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guarantee band
closure cap
root place
cap according
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00901794A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1152959A1 (fr
Inventor
Udo Bosl
Lino Dreyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Crown Packaging Technology Inc
Original Assignee
Crown Cork and Seal Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Crown Cork and Seal Technologies Corp filed Critical Crown Cork and Seal Technologies Corp
Priority to EP00901794A priority Critical patent/EP1152959B1/fr
Publication of EP1152959A1 publication Critical patent/EP1152959A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1152959B1 publication Critical patent/EP1152959B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
    • B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
    • B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
    • B65D41/34—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt
    • B65D41/3423—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with flexible tabs, or elements rotated from a non-engaging to an engaging position, formed on the tamper element or in the closure skirt
    • B65D41/3428—Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers provided with tamper elements formed in, or attached to, the closure skirt with flexible tabs, or elements rotated from a non-engaging to an engaging position, formed on the tamper element or in the closure skirt the tamper element being integrally connected to the closure by means of bridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
    • B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
    • B65D2401/30—Tamper-ring remaining connected to closure after initial removal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2401/00—Tamper-indicating means
    • B65D2401/15—Tearable part of the closure
    • B65D2401/35—Vertical or axial lines of weakness

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a closure cap, which is suitable for use with returnable containers. Such containers are returned by the consumer when empty and are then washed and refilled.
  • the invention particularly concerns a closure cap having the features of the preamble of claim 1. Such a closure is known from US 4 565 295 A.
  • Closure caps often include a mechanical guarantee band, which is used to indicate the intactness of containers closed with the closure.
  • These guarantee bands are mounted on the lower edge of a closure cap by means of frangible bridges and co-operate with retaining means on the outside of a container. When the closure is unscrewed from the container for the first time, the frangible bridges tear and the guarantee band is at least partly separated from the closure cap. A detached guarantee band indicates that the container has already been opened.
  • most closure caps have a guarantee band, which is completely separated from the cap after opening and remains on the container neck when the closure is removed. The use of such guarantee bands with refillable returnable bottles is not possible.
  • the guarantee bands of closure caps which are used with returnable containers, are preferably firmly joined to the closure cap at a root place.
  • An axial breaking line is provided adjacent to the root place so that upon first opening of the container, the axial breaking line breaks at the same time as the frangible bridges, forming a pigtail which remains attached to the closure cap at the root place.
  • a disadvantage of such known arrangements is that when the guarantee band is no longer completely joined to the closure cap, the pigtail no longer lies flat against the bottle neck, but juts outwards. Such projecting pigtails are detrimental, above all during the washing and refilling processes inherent with returnable containers.
  • decasing More often than not, returnable containers are returned in beverage cases and are removed from these cases (so-called decasing) by a gripper (decaser).
  • decaser gripping the closure cap from above in the axial direction, and getting hooked up with the tamper-indicating band, which can lead to breakdowns.
  • Guarantee bands are formed with a relatively high strength, so that they are torn reliably and do not stretch in the radial direction upon first removal of the closure cap from a container. Due to this strength, the guarantee band cannot move out of the way during the lowering of the decaser.
  • one aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known closure caps described above.
  • one aim of the invention is to produce a closure cap for closing a refillable container, which allows largely problem-free automatic removal of the containers from beverage cases even in the event of the containers having closures with guarantee bands jutting out sideways.
  • the closure cap according to the invention essentially consists of a crown, with a roughly cylindrical skirt depending from the outer edge of the crown.
  • a guarantee band is connected to the lower edge of the skirt via frangible bridges.
  • the closure is formed as a so-called pigtail closure. This means that the guarantee band is firmly joined to the lower edge of the skirt in at least one root place and that, viewed in the peripheral direction, is provided with an axial breaking line next to the root place. This arrangement of a root place and an axial breaking line results in the guarantee band not being completely separated from the closure cap upon first opening, but remaining firmly joined to the latter, forming a pigtail.
  • Such pigtail closures are therefore particularly suitable for use on refillable containers.
  • the guarantee band is provided with at least one hinge means.
  • the hinge means is located on the opposite side of the root place to the axial breaking line and is arranged to allow the pigtail to be bent in an axial direction.
  • one bottle can be lifted by a gripper, from a case or from a conveyor belt for example, without pulling over the other hooked up bottle or bottles.
  • the flexibility of the pigtails in an axial direction ensures that at least one of the pigtails can move out of the way as the bottle is lifted.
  • the hinge means may be arranged to allow the projecting part of the guarantee band to be folded downward, away from the closure cap, when a decaser for the removal of the container from the beverage case is moved over the closure cap and hits the projecting guarantee band.
  • the hinge means may be provided by a weakened zone, which acts as a hinge allowing the pigtail to be folded in the axial direction.
  • the weakened zone is arranged on the upper side of the guarantee band, facing the cap skirt. This arrangement allows a particularly simple construction. Due the zone of weakening, the guarantee band can expand particularly easily in the region of its upper edge, while the unweakened, lower part of the guarantee band acts as a hinge.
  • the weakened zone is formed as a recess on the side of the tamper indicating band facing the cap skirt.
  • the recess preferably extends over a height, which corresponds to about one third to one half of the height of the guarantee band.
  • the weakened zone is formed as a slit in the guarantee band running more or less axially.
  • a roughly U-shaped recess is particularly advantageous for technical production reasons. It is also possible to form the weakened zone by locally reducing the wall thickness of the guarantee band.
  • the band is locally thickened around the root place. This makes the band stiffer and more rigid around its firm connection with the cap.
  • the edge of the thickened zone, on the opposite side of the root place to the axial breaking line, is slanted (i.e. the thickened zone tapers). This slanted edge forms a preferential folding line for the pigtail due to the transition between the stiff thickened zone and the thinnner adjacent portion of the guarantee band, thereby providing the hinge means.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that formation of the hinge means does not require a cutting operation and the provision of a thickened zone around the root place is relatively easy to mould.
  • the slanted edge of the thickened zone is arranged at about 45° to the axis of the cap, as this allows the pigtail to be bent perpendicular to the closure in the axial direction.
  • the thickened zone may taper towards the upper edge or lower edge of the guarantee band, depending upon whether it is desired for the pigtail to fold axially towards or away from the remainder of the closure cap respectively.
  • root places and axial breaking lines may also be provided.
  • a single or even several hinge means may be provided corresponding to each root place.
  • the hinge means according to the invention is particularly advantageous in combination with retaining elements on the inside of the guarantee band, which are formed as tongues projecting inwards and upwards and hinged on the guarantee band.
  • Guarantee bands with such retaining elements are known, for example, from WO94/14673, from WO96/24532 or WO98/22361.
  • Such arrangements give the guarantee band a particularly high rigidity in the radial direction. This is desirable, in order to avoid the guarantee band inadvertently slipping over the retaining bead on the container neck on opening the closure for the first time.
  • With such guarantee bands the improved flexibility in the axial direction achieved with the hinge means according to the invention is particularly advantageous.
  • the hinge means is provided by a weakened zone
  • the weakened zone on the side of the guarantee band, facing the cap skirt, thereby allowing the guarantee band to be bent axially away from the closure cap.
  • the hinge means is provided by a thicker zone around the root portion of the guarantee band, it is preferable for the thickened zone to taper towards the side of the guarantee band facing the cap skirt, thereby allowing the guarantee band to bend axially towards the closure cap.
  • the hinge means is preferably arranged between the root place and the first frangible bridge (looking at the closure cap in the peripheral direction). This ensures that the whole of the projecting part of the guarantee band can be turned in an axial direction. Additional hinge means may also be arranged in between two adjoining frangible bridges. As long as the frangible bridge is not broken (i.e.. particularly in the lowering process), the effect of the hinge means is hardly discernible. The frangible bridges hold the guarantee band in the desired position. However, as soon as the frangible bridges are torn, the guarantee band can be easily bend in an axial direction on account of the hinge means.
  • a closure cap 1 consists essentially of a crown 2 and a roughly cylindrical skirt 4 depending from the outer edge 3 of the crown 2.
  • a guarantee band 5 is fixed on the lower edge 7 of the skirt 4 via frangible bridges 6 and a firm root place 8.
  • the guarantee band 5 is separated from the skirt 4 in the region of the frangible bridges 6 and remains joined to the skirt 4 at the root place 8.
  • An axial breaking line 9 is provided on one side of the root place 8, which likewise breaks upon removal of the closure for the first time.
  • a large number of weakened zones 11 are arranged on the top 10 of the guarantee band 5.
  • a first weakened zone 11 - looking at the closure in the peripheral direction - is arranged on the opposite side 12 of the root place 8 to the axial breaking line 9. Further weakened zones 11 are distributed uniformly around the circumference of the guarantee band 5. Multiple weakened zones 11 improve the flexibility of the guarantee band 5, but are optional.
  • the weakened zones shown in Figure 1 are formed as roughly U-shaped recesses 20.
  • the recess 20 extends over a height h, which corresponds to about one third to one half of the height H of the guarantee band 5.
  • FIG 2 shows the closure cap of Figure 1 with guarantee band 5 torn off.
  • Like components have been indicated using the same reference numerals as those used in Figure 1.
  • the guarantee band 5 is bent downwards around the weakened zone 11, which acts as hinge.
  • the gripper of the decaser can easily reach over the closure on to a bottle and seize the bottle.
  • the weakened zones 11 also improve the flexibility of the guarantee band in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the closure cap 1. Therefore, hooking up of outwardly projecting, partially torn off guarantee bands (for example, in the case of bottles standing side by side on a conveyor belt) is likewise avoided.
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective representation a closure cap 1 according to the invention.
  • the torn-off guarantee band 5 remains firmly joined to the skirt 4 via the root place 8, when the closure cap 1 is opened for the first time.
  • the strength of the root place 8 is such that, in normal use, the guarantee band is not torn off. Of course, it is possible to remove the guarantee band 5 by applying increased force.
  • the torn-off part of the guarantee band 5 sticks out sideways like a pigtail 14. Thanks to the zones of weakness 11, the pigtail 14 can be pressed downwards into the position 14', as represented by dashed lines.
  • Figures 4a to 4d show different configurations of the weakened zone 11 of the invention.
  • the weakened zone is formed as a U-shaped recess 20.
  • the weakened zone is formed as a material thinning in a region 21.
  • the material thinning can be arranged on the inside or the outside surface of the guarantee band 5.
  • the weakened zone is formed as a slit 22, which extends downwards from the upper edge of the guarantee band 5.
  • a zone of weakness is shown in the form of a recess 23, which is arranged on the lower edge of the guarantee band 5.
  • the recess 23 widens towards the free edge of the guarantee band 5 and creates sufficient room in the guarantee band, for the pigtail 14 (see Figure 3) to be folded axially away from the closure cap.
  • the recess 23 may operate in a similar way to that shown in Figure 2 allowing the guarantee band to bend axially towards the closure cap.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a guarantee band with a hinged retaining tongue 13 projecting inwards and upwards.
  • the tongue 13 serves for gripping under a bead on a container neck (not shown).
  • FIGs 6 and 7 show an alternative embodiment of the invention to that shown in Figures 1 and 2, but again like components have been given the same reference numerals.
  • the closure cap 1 comprises a crown 2 with a depending skirt 4 and guarantee band 5.
  • the guarantee band 5 is connected to the skirt 5 via frangible bridges 6 and a firmly connected root place 8.
  • An axial breaking line 9 is formed in the guarantee band 5 on one side of the root place 8.
  • the region of the guarantee band directly around the root place 8 is thicker than the remainder of the guarantee band 5 and this thickened zone 15 has a slanted edge 16 on the opposite side of the root place 8 to the axial breaking line 9 (looking in a peripheral direction).
  • the thickened zone 15 tapers towards the edge of the guarantee band 5 facing the closure skirt 4.
  • the slanted edge of the thickened zone 15 acts as a preferential folding line 16, providing a hinge which allows the guarantee band 5 to fold axially towards the closure cap 1, once it has been partially detached from the cap, on first opening.
  • the thickened zone 15 is depicted tapering towards the edge of the guarantee band 5 facing the closure skirt 6, it will be obvious that the slanted edge 16 could be reversed, so that the thickened zone 15 tapers towards the free edge of the guarantee band 5. In this arrangement, the preferential folding line 16 will allow the guarantee band 5 to fold axially away from the closure cap 1. Where the closure cap 1 is provided with a hinged retaining tongue 13 (as shown in Figure 5), the thickened zone 15 preferably tapers towards the side of the guarantee band 5 facing the closure skirt 4 (as shown in Figures 6 and 7), because this arrangement is simpler to manufacture due to geometrical considerations.
  • the closure cap may be produced from a plastics material e.g. polyethylene, by normal injection moulding processes, well-known to the man skilled in the art. Moreover, the closure cap is also provided with conventional elements, such as threads or snap beads, for fixing the closure on a container neck, sealing means (using an inserted liner or sealing lips) and retaining elements (tongues or beads) on the guarantee band.
  • the frangible bridges 6, the root place 8 and the axial breaking line 9 can be produced by cutting or in the plastics moulding process. The same applies to the recesses 20, 23 and the cut 22, which can likewise be produced in the plastics moulding process or in a secondary cutting process

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Bouchon (1) de fermeture comportant
       une couronne (2), avec une jupe sensiblement cylindrique (4) s'étendant vers le bas depuis la périphérie (3) de la couronne (2), et
       une bande (5) de garantie, reliée au bord inférieur (7) de la jupe (4) par des ponts fragiles (6) et reliée fermement au bord inférieur (7) de la jupe (4) en au moins un emplacement de racine (8),
       la bande de garantie ayant au moins une ligne axiale (9) de rupture située de façon à être adjacente uniquement à un côté de l'emplacement (8) de racine, caractérisé en ce que
       la bande (5) de garantie comporte au moins une configuration (11, 16) placée sur le côté opposé de l'emplacement de racine (8) par rapport à la ligne axiale (9) de rupture, la configuration (11, 16) étant formée d'une manière telle qu'elle permet à la bande (5) de garantie d'être courbée dans une direction axiale.
  2. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la configuration (11, 16) est procurée par une zone affaiblie (11).
  3. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la zone affaiblie (11) est formée par un évidement (20, 23) sur le bord supérieur (10) ou le bord inférieur (5) de la bande (5) de garantie.
  4. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'évidement (20, 23) s'étend sur une hauteur (h) qui correspond à environ un tiers à une moitié de la hauteur (H) de la bande de garantie.
  5. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, dans lequel l'évidement (20, 23) est sensiblement en forme de "U" ou de "V".
  6. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la zone affaiblie (11) est formée par une étendue de matière amincie (21).
  7. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la partie de la bande de garantie adjacente à l'emplacement de racine (8) est localement plus épaisse que la partie restante de la bande (5) de garantie et cette partie épaissie (15) comporte un bord incliné sur le côté opposé de l'emplacement (8) de racine par rapport à la ligne axiale (9) de rupture, le bord incliné définissant une ligne de pliage préférentiel (16) qui agit en tant que configuration (11, 16).
  8. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la ligne de pliage préférentiel (16) est inclinée d'environ 45° par rapport à la direction axiale de la fermeture.
  9. Bouchon de fermeture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la configuration (11, 16) est agencée entre l'emplacement de racine (8) et le premier pont fragile adjacent (6).
  10. Bouchon de fermeture selon la revendication 8, comportant plusieurs configurations (11, 16), la première configuration (11, 16) agencée entre l'emplacement de racine (8) et le premier pont fragile adjacent (6) et les configurations suivantes (11, 16) agencées tous les 2 ponts fragiles adjacents (6).
EP00901794A 1999-02-16 2000-02-07 Bouchon de fermeture Expired - Lifetime EP1152959B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00901794A EP1152959B1 (fr) 1999-02-16 2000-02-07 Bouchon de fermeture

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99200419A EP1029798A1 (fr) 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Capuchon de fermeture
EP99200419 1999-02-16
PCT/GB2000/000348 WO2000048920A1 (fr) 1999-02-16 2000-02-07 Bouchon de fermeture
EP00901794A EP1152959B1 (fr) 1999-02-16 2000-02-07 Bouchon de fermeture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1152959A1 EP1152959A1 (fr) 2001-11-14
EP1152959B1 true EP1152959B1 (fr) 2003-04-16

Family

ID=8239892

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99200419A Withdrawn EP1029798A1 (fr) 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Capuchon de fermeture
EP00901794A Expired - Lifetime EP1152959B1 (fr) 1999-02-16 2000-02-07 Bouchon de fermeture

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99200419A Withdrawn EP1029798A1 (fr) 1999-02-16 1999-02-16 Capuchon de fermeture

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1029798A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE237517T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2309100A (fr)
DE (1) DE60002174T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000048920A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004052509A1 (de) * 2004-10-21 2006-04-27 Alcoa Deutschland Gmbh Verpackungswerke Schraubverschluss für Behälter
DE102005025581A1 (de) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-07 Bericap Gmbh & Co. Kg Verschlußkappe mit integriertem Garantieband und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu deren Herstellung
EP2530026B1 (fr) * 2011-06-03 2013-09-04 Syogo Hayashi Capuchon de récipient
EP3784584B1 (fr) * 2018-04-26 2023-10-04 Obrist Closures Switzerland GmbH Bouchon
GB202000444D0 (en) 2020-01-13 2020-02-26 Gbuk Group Ltd Tamper evident cap
KR102605913B1 (ko) * 2020-12-09 2023-11-27 산수음료(주) 분리배출이 용이하고 개봉유무 확인이 가능하며 개봉 후 재사용이 용이한 병마개
WO2023222857A1 (fr) * 2022-05-18 2023-11-23 Rieke Packaging Systems Limited Ensemble bec verseur monobloc à élément inviolable retenu pour remplir et distribuer des récipients souples de type sac ou sachet

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6121355A (ja) * 1984-07-06 1986-01-30 日本クラウンコルク株式会社 ピルフア−ブル−フ特性を有する合成樹脂製容器蓋
AU1587397A (en) * 1996-03-12 1997-10-01 Crown Cork Ag Tamper-indicating, plastic protective cap

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1029798A1 (fr) 2000-08-23
ATE237517T1 (de) 2003-05-15
AU2309100A (en) 2000-09-04
EP1152959A1 (fr) 2001-11-14
DE60002174T2 (de) 2003-10-23
DE60002174D1 (de) 2003-05-22
WO2000048920A1 (fr) 2000-08-24

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