EP1141494A1

EP1141494A1 - Water conduit

Info

Publication number: EP1141494A1
Application number: EP00904802A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Paul Lingen
Original assignee: Theelen Jorg
Current assignee: Theelen Jorg
Priority date: 1999-01-05
Filing date: 2000-01-03
Publication date: 2001-10-10
Also published as: DE10000025A1; WO2000040811A1; DE20000015U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a water conduit (10), especially for rainwater, for the collection, intermediate storage, as well as for the reduced and prolonged (throttled) release of the water (11) that is led into the water conduit (10). According to the invention, the water collecting and conducting components (12) of the water conduit (10) are comprised of at least one drainage pipe (13) and of a storage enclosure (14) which encloses the drainage pipe (13) and which is made of material (57, 58) that is capable of bearing, is open-pored and, preferably, has as many cavities as possible.

Description

Water pipe

Technical field

The invention relates to a water pipe, in particular for rainwater, for receiving, temporary storage and reduced and temporally extended delivery of the water introduced into the water pipe, which is to be used in the municipal, commercial, industrial and private sectors

State of the art PCT / DE97 / 02621 a multi-layered floor area for horticulture is known, wherein the plants planted within a floor seal are supplied with water via a drainage pipe following the seal and the excess water is also drained off again

From US 4,878,780 a multi-layer floor area is known which can be used for the uniform irrigation of tennis courts and agricultural use

From GB 2 294 077 A a plaster system with water-permeable paving stones is known, with which leaked pollutants can be absorbed and biodegraded within a liquid-tight substructure, in the street body

Presentation of the invention

So-called congestion channels are known from sewer construction, which usually end at the end of a pipeline network as lengths of sewer pipe with a considerably larger diameter or cross-section in order to temporarily store the rainwater introduced into this larger cross-section

These are primarily used where the rainwater can not be drained off in full volume flow, but only in a volume flow, usually reduced by means of a throttle shaft or an electric pump, so as not to overload subsequent systems.Therefore, the drainage dynamics are reduced by means of a longer drainage period achieved

The civil engineering work to be carried out when installing the dam sections is very cost-intensive.In addition, due to the deep channel location with a relatively flat terrain, an energy-intensive and warrant-dependent pump with a redundant water pump system for forwarding the rainwater is often required.These can only be dispensed with if a deeper and therefore more expensive sewer pipe location draining sewer pipe is accepted or, in the case of steeply sloping terrain, the slope situation allows, after a few meters, due to the difference between the steeply sloping terrain and the drain pipe laid with a minimum slope, the sewer measurement to be relocated with an inexpensive Mimmalu covering, if possible and sensible, parallel to the terrain surface

In areas with infiltrable soil, rainwater drainage, intermediate storage and infiltration have been increasingly used for a few years now, trenches or pipe nipples are used in construction and function are very similar to the giant strands of small sewage plants that have been known for many decades

These are characterized by the fact that they consist of a storable gravel body, which emits the rainwater discharged to the surrounding underground for seepage and in which drainage pipes can be embedded for better water management

One of the major disadvantages of trenches is that the rainwater is not cleaned before the trench or pipe infiltration infiltration, since the rainwater is drained directly into deeper layers of the soil without the microorganically active living soil zone (topsoil) of an infiltration trough Pipe drain system is connected upstream, which frees the rainwater from contaminated pollutants in the case of an infiltration trough upstream of the drainage trenches. Due to the specific infiltration capacity of the trough floor (topsoil), a considerable space requirement must be provided for this before the rainwater is introduced into the drainage or pipe drainage system In addition, in contrast to the subject matter of the invention, trench or raw mgols are not permitted below road surfaces, since the debris (storage body formers) used up to now for trench or pipe construction cannot provide the officially prescribed load-bearing capacity

This results in the installation of the trench or raw mgols either under the base layers, i.e. below the combination of gravel and frost protection layers of the roads, or directly next to them

Both solutions result in avoidable civil engineering costs, whereby the solution requires additional, scarce and expensive building land in addition to the road. Nevertheless, for ecological reasons, many road drainages have been carried out for several years with trough infiltration following the course of the road, which in many cases is still under the trough are equipped with trenches or raw mole to compensate for the poor seepage performance of the existing soil

The invention has for its object to provide a water or a sewer line for municipal, industrial, commercial and private use, especially for rainwater, for recording, intermediate storage and reduced and extended delivery of the water introduced into the water line, which also in the connection of several conventional and or in accordance with the invention water or sewer lines can be expanded to form a line network

For many years now, drainage channels, sewer pipe networks, drainage ditches and various types of infiltration systems such as trough infiltration, trough / infiltration infiltration, pipe infiltration infiltration and shaft infiltration have been in use to discharge the rainwater that has fallen down, with the invention concentrating on the water-conducting upstream of the infiltration systems and - intermediate storage systems and not pertaining to infiltration systems, however, infiltration systems are becoming more and more important from an ecological point of view and are therefore increasingly being used downstream of the various water purification systems and thus of the subject of the invention

Not only for infiltration systems, there is the great advantage that not only the space requirement of infiltration systems, but also all other systems following the subject of the invention can be designed considerably smaller and thus more cost-effectively by the intermediate storage of the rainwater in the upstream subject of the invention B downstream ducts, or shaft, pipe or pipe nipple infiltration depending on the derived volume flow can be significantly reduced in their structural dimensions

For trough infiltration, in addition to the savings in construction work, there is also a considerable saving in building land and the planning-friendly option of independently placing the trough somewhere in the area free of structures such as the compensation areas of construction areas or the like. Arranging the infiltration trough directly next to the paved and closed dewatering area is no longer required when using the subject matter of the invention. This also leads to lower maintenance costs

Comparable savings in terms of construction or maintenance are also available with shaded water purification systems, from simple street drainage, sand trap, oil separator, to reverse osmosis systems and clearing units

In order to be able to fulfill this task, the subject matter of the invention consists of at least one drainage pipe and a storage jacket made of open-pored material surrounding this drainage pipe, which allows even with the smallest overlap heights between the drainage pipe shear and the surface (eg in streets and squares), in cooperation with the Storage capacity of the drainage pipe and the surrounding open-pore storage jacket materials to create a pipe or line that is at least equivalent in the receiving volume, usually even more capable of storage, than ducts with dam sections

The installation as close as possible to the surface has many advantages

With an appropriately suitable storage jacket material, this can simultaneously fulfill the task of a base layer of streets and squares, for which purpose usually void-rich, bearing the prescribed traffic loads and the general regulations sheet materials are to be used as the most sensible material

Furthermore, the construction costs are significantly reduced, since digging the trench in large parts or occasionally as a whole can also be omitted. Furthermore, the light drainage pipe with its branches and connections is very easy to install and, with its smaller diameter, is also significantly less expensive

The road or square structure and its road surface can be designed as desired with all the lines according to the invention around them, since the line according to the invention generally requires only a smaller area, as is the case for the planned traffic areas anyway It goes without saying that the small amount of space and installation effort required for the subject matter of the invention also permit subsequent, problem-free installation in existing traffic areas. In particular when refurbishing base courses, subsequent installation is particularly recommended, since ramshackle sewer systems are also replaced in one operation can

The combination of a small drainage pipe and the surrounding storage jacket made of flow-inhibiting material can also have a positive influence on the flow dynamics of the water within the pipe

Depending on the slope situation, it will often suffice to use only very small drainpipe diameters or, if necessary, no drainage pipe in sections, since the largest or entire discharge volume can move through the open-pore storage jacket in a throttled manner

It should be noted in particular in the case of storage shells made of gravel that the water flowing through does not cause a negative grain redistribution within the storage sheath. If this is to be expected, the storage sheath material can be secured against grain redistribution with a binding agent that connects the grains with one another

Various types of ballast are known from the relevant regulations for road construction and are described in their physical properties such as load-bearing behavior, grain gradation (sieve line), etc., which, however, cannot fulfill the task related to the invention. Accordingly, the specific ballast material used in road construction for the production of the storage jacket of the invention is to be used Attribution of leadership to special importance

In principle, the pore proportion of the storage jacket should be selected to be as large as possible depending on the prescribed traffic load on the area

These special types of ballast are therefore based on the task of creating storage jackets for traffic areas such as roads in particular, but also for squares and all types of property fastenings (including under buildings), which, given the area loads, depend on the strength of the ballast-forming material, which is increased or as high as possible Have pore content in order to absorb, store and derive liquids from this pore content

Contrary to the dogmatic view that has prevailed in German road construction for many years that rainwater should be drained away from the roads as quickly as possible in order to prevent frost damage caused by water penetrating the base layers, or to prevent grain redistribution in the base layer and similar negative experiences, to create types of ballast that can be used for road construction and for comparable applications, which, due to their pores or voids between the gravel grains, form a liquid kernel store that can be used under all weather influences to absorb rainwater and / or other liquids

According to the basic materials on which the ballast is based, such as various slags, sandstone, limestone, greywacke, basalt, granite, demolition recycling, etc., different grain compositions (sieve lines) result for the ballast caused by the invention due to the different rock properties (in particular the strength values are decisive) ) which result from the different grain diameters (gravel rock of a diameter range) and their relevant share of the total grain mixture (ready-to-install gravel) and which, depending on this, result in different pore proportions (cavity between the individual rock grains forming the gravel)

In addition to the physical properties, the shape of the crushed stone plays an important role

Rounded rock, such as gravel, cannot form a bond with one another, since the smooth rock surfaces do not get caught in one another and can therefore slide against one another under load, which forbids installation under paved surfaces

This can also be observed to a lesser extent in the case of broken rock of the same grain diameter, since the lack of support grain of smaller diameter means that only a few contact points or anchoring points (Zwicbl) are available between the grains, which can break away under appropriate loads and thus result in a secure bond, or this viable grain composite only sets up after the fragmentation into smaller and thus incomprehensible grain size distributions with an inevitably lower pore fraction, which also leads to typical track grooves due to the loss of voids

The shape of the broken rock also has a significant influence on the proportion of pores. There are a large number of quarries whose rocks break into flat grains due to the geological conditions, as is known for example from slate. Despite their good mechanical properties, these rocks are not included such a high percentage of pores can be realized as is possible with other quarries not breaking flat Taking these experiences into account, broken gravel stones have been used for many decades, the course of their sieves ranging from very small grains of a few thousandths of a millimeter to today's common grains of around forty-five millimeters or occasionally even larger ones

In these gravel graded, low-pore gravel types, which are generally formed from broken rock or flakes, a good compression ratio and the associated intensive clinging at the contact points (Zwicbl) are ensured due to the small grain content

Grain gradations that enable as many contact points as possible between the individual, differently sized and intermixed gravel stones and can completely do without capillary swirling grains are important when creating a load-bearing and pore-rich ballast for the pipe according to the invention. In addition, the ballast must be flawless and as resistant as possible flow through the storage jacket formed with it

In order to fulfill this task for the storage jacket materials according to the invention and the grain scaffolds arising from the mutually supporting gravel grains, gravel grains should therefore be used which only start with a diameter of several millimeters

In principle, it can be determined that the load-bearing capacity of the ballast material has to be increased with each additional contact point (Zwicbl). With grain-graded ballast materials, considerably more Zwicbl are made possible than with a grain of the same grain diameter

In order to be able to produce an optimally coordinated pore-rich gravel, the following procedure is required

Determining the load-bearing capacity of the ballast to be used

Determination of the rock parameters from which the ballast is to be formed

Determination of a grain area taking into account the installation circumstances - determination of the most pore-optimized sieve size

If one of the above-mentioned parameters is changed, at least one of the above-mentioned parameters must be changed in order to ensure an optimally pore-rich ballast

It is sensible to adapt the ballast generally via the grain area and the sieve layer arranged between the small and large grains, since the load-bearing capacity is usually determined by an unchangeable external specification and the rock values are determined by the ballast base material of the quarry or other gravel source

In the case of conventional, low-pore gravel materials, it is disadvantageous that, in the case of grain-graded material, the cavities according to gravel material (soft sandstone or shell limestone can break when compacted) and / or gravel grain composition (there are impermissibly large amounts of small grains) in part or even entirely with loose rock or rock dust are filled and thus a precisely traceable and thus usable cavity remains within the meaning of the ballast according to the invention in the base layer

As practice shows, this can subsequently lead to damage, since in the case of ballast in use today, it cannot be ruled out that due to excessive compaction or too large a fraction of small grains, water that is present in the wet raw planum will be absorbed into the base layer by capillary forces and this in frost can cause severe damage

In order to counter the aforementioned disadvantage, it is important to minimize the proportion of small grains as much as possible, which is also fulfilled due to the task of pore-rich gravel that is dependent on the application

This leads to a very safe frost behavior of the ballast according to the invention, since after the controlled water introduction and discharge, frost-damaging capillary water remains in the ballast. If necessary, freezing-up residual moisture bits can increase their frost-related volume increase unhindered into the free pore space between the ballast grains, so that the volume increase does not increase Frost can break up the base course as is to be expected with conventional ballast materials

If the ballast due to the invention is used as a retention space for rainwater, the dwell time of the water in the ballast base layer must be taken into account in the frost-related considerations, since a retention space without at least one restricted flow can also cause frost to break out if the retained water freezes from above and equalizes the volume Accordingly, it is no longer possible in the remaining cavities. However, this can only happen if there is massive damage to the water-removing systems absolutely bine release of buffered water allows more, which can therefore be regarded as a highly speculative and unrealistic scenario

However, if long-term temporary storage of rainwater in storage areas of the line according to the invention provided below the drainage line, for example for pretreatment of the quenching water, is provided in addition to the inlet and outlet of the water, these areas should always be filled with water below the freezing penetration area around those in such an application To rule out possible frost damage The same applies if the water pipe is used as a domestic hot water tank for commercial, industrial and private use

In order to further increase the load-bearing capacity, the grain structure can be strengthened using binders such as cement, bitumen, adhesive or the like.This can be done by mixing the binder into the pore-rich ballast before installation or evenly after installation according to the embaudicb of the ballast the ballast is applied in liquid form in order to then distribute itself automatically around the ballast grains

This achieves an additional stabilization of the contact points (Zwicbl), which will be the primary concentration points for a liquid binder due to their mutual contact or slight edge between the individual gravel grains. After the binder has hardened, the Zwicbl is artificially broadened in this way Pressure load in accordance with the strength values of the binder can withstand high loads and the gravel grains are also connected to each other so that they are safe from dislocation

The open-pore bit of the ballast according to the invention also leads to improving the likewise important ability of the liquid in and out of the ballast to also settle in and out. The ballast according to the invention can also be used ideally for insurance systems such as trenches, raw moles and the like, since this, in combination, directly serves the purpose of Base layer and thus meet Significant savings in the manufacture of insurance systems bnn

Thus, the gravel according to the invention can be connected in areas with, for example, very soil conditions that are contrary to insurance, for example a trough, and below a traffic area absorb the large amounts of rainwater accumulated, for example by means of a drainage system, and distribute it to the subsoil as a new embodiment of a highly resilient surface load Infiltration of trenches or pipe trenches The necessary civil engineering work and building land requirements can be significantly reduced, since the infiltration in the already flat-intensive traffic flat construction (e.g. roads, paths, squares, storage areas, carport, garages, terraces, under buildings, etc.) would be integrated, which therefore enables nature-identical, large coverage areas. Advantageously, the ballast should be installed as flat and wide as possible in order to prevent unnecessary excavation of the soil to create the largest possible infiltration. only small to two sealed areas more The natural rainwater supply remains almost unchanged

In order not to unnecessarily burden the rainwater discharged into the ballast, it is advisable to wash the ballast before installation for use in rainwater management (industrial water use), otherwise the large dust particles from the crushing and sieving process adhering to the ballast grain will cause considerable clouding for a limited period of time in the drained water

The material of the storage material will, in accordance with the previous explanations, in most applications in the course of road construction measures be crushed stone, precious stone, broken gravel or some other rubble

However, if you want to prefabricate the water pipes in series, lighter, if possible high-strength storage jackets made of open-pore or foamed or combined plastics are conceivable

This would make it possible, for example, to install the drainage pipe directly in a plastic storage jacket and enclose it tightly in order to produce a line with a dirt and waterproof layer or sheath

However, as with the on-site construction, the drainage pipe should be arranged eccentrically in an industrial production, at the lowest point of the line according to the invention created in this way, in order to facilitate the discharge of residual liquid bits after the later laying through the drainage pipe arranged at the low point of the casing

If the throttling of the water in the pipeline is not sufficient due to the flow through the storage jacket, or if you do not want to use this possibility, a throttle should be installed in the area of the discharge between the pipeline end and the downstream system The simplest throttle in insurance systems is the permeability to water (kf value) of the insurance floor of troughs, trenches, etc

However, as soon as differences in height in the downward direction of flow have to be taken into account, mechanical discharge throttles in the form of fixed or adjustable throttles should be used, since the hydraulic pressure differences in the line only allow the setting of a precisely dimensioned deflection volume to a limited extent. Several throttles that follow one another in the line run make sense ( For example, in the case of casband arrangements on a downward gradient), the line can be divided into several sections, which can also be arranged in a cascade shape, distributed along the line or immediately following one another

If the water from the line has to be pumped upwards, the specified or set pumping volume of a pump is generally to be regarded as a discharge throttle in the sense of the invention

The storage jacket of the drainage pipe is for protection against dirt that has penetrated from the outside, which has restricted the storage volume and for holding the water in the pipe, with a covering or layer of preferably foils or fabric sheets with sealing compounds (bentonite sheets) or materials that are equivalent to this task such as sprayed-on bituminous, mineral or plastic layers, concrete, sheet metal or similar to enclose Is the soil surrounding the water pipe by itself as water-impermeable and does not enter dirt (e.g. rock) bnn in these areas on a covering of the Storage jacket can be dispensed with

If this water-impermeable layer of soil is dirty (e.g. clay), a simple, non-waterproof geotex film, such as is used in the manufacture of trenches, is sufficient to protect the pipeline or the storage jacket material

Not only geotextiles, foils or tarpaulins, but also coatings that are applied as formable or liquid mass such as bitumen fulfill the purpose of dirt and / or leakage protection according to the task

When installed in streets and squares, the water pipe will preferably consist of water-impermeable layers only up to a maximum level of liquid bit that can be stowed

In addition, a water-permeable trickle protection separating the traffic area from the surrounding gravel, crushed stone or paving bed will suffice for the upper covering of the storage jacket in order to prevent the penetration of fine-grained gravel, paving bed or Schorter parts or grain redistribution within the base layer formed from the storage jacket prevent

This is just one example of many where there can be sensible combinations of several wrapping materials

Another embodiment of the waterproof layer is that as a hydraulically pressure-resistant and generally dimensionally stable covering, as a layer that completely surrounds the storage jacket

In this embodiment, the waterproof layers do not have to be installed according to the maximum full level, but enclose the storage jacket completely, so that the individual installation of the line, which is adapted to the local conditions, can also be designed as steep gradients, without the water deepening the pipe according to the invention Stretch areas, due to the above-described, not completely enclosing waterproof covering, can leave uncontrolled.However, special care must be taken to ensure that the hydraulic pressure arising in the lower sections of the route does not lead to cross-sectional changes in the line and the supporting layers of the road or the surrounding layers of the square, as this could lead to road damage

If high hydraulic pressure is to be expected due to large differences in height at the lowest point of the line, the line cross-section should preferably be as round as possible and the waterproof layer should be designed similar to a deformation-resistant hose, so that the hydraulic pressure from the waterproof layer is counteracted as much deformation resistance as possible

The abovementioned combination options enable the user of the invention to form a water pipe which can be individually adapted to the respective terrain and planning conditions both in the slope management and in the transverse and long profiles in each section of the pipe, for example in flatter ones Terrain areas widened the cross profile up to the complete usable area width and adjusted in depth to the lowest position of the supply or discharge in order to realize the largest possible buffer volume in a type Becbπ covered upwards with trickle protection and following the line a little further e.g. in an optionally porous bulk material which is swirled as a throttle may be installed in a narrowed cross section which is completely enclosed with a waterproof covering In the case of very wide lines, however, care must be taken that the drainage pipe between the supply and discharge lines is divided into several, if necessary, parallel drainage pipes for better water inlet and drainage

The water flowing into the water pipe can come from all sorts of systems. When dewatering houses on one's own property, it comes from the downpipes and the gutters, and the yard drain

In streets and squares, for example, it is generally passed on from street gullies with preferably built-in sludge trap via connecting pipes (sewer pipes) to the line according to the invention

In the street body itself, adjacent buildings that do not drain on their property give the house connections their roof and flat water to the pipeline.Canals, drainage ditches and infiltration systems can also be connected to the pipeline, e.g. in the event of overfilling in the area of the emergency drain his

In principle, however, care should always be taken to ensure that water that is as low in dirt and sediment as possible is introduced into the storage jacket in order not to reduce the storage space in the long term through deposits. This is in addition to the usually sufficient sludge trapping and all types of filters in the form of filter inserts or cartridges, or specific systems in the inflow of the storage jacket, should it be expected that considerable sediment entry can occur, with the appropriate design of the piping according to the invention, it can be easily washed out of the storage jacket using the techniques known today. The same applies to the introduction of water-polluting substances

Networked with each other as a flat-covering drainage system, it also makes perfect sense to connect the pipes according to the invention to one another in order to build up an entire, storage-capable sewer network, which would make downstream rain pressure retention tanks and similar systems superfluous

Especially in the case of longer power stretches, it may well occur that the sewer systems are formed from combinations of drainage pipes according to the invention with a storage layer and conventional sewer pipes that are not capable of being drained. In addition, the pipe systems combined with the pipe according to the invention can be designed as raw mgoles in areas that are capable of being insulated given Versikbrungsmossbitbit to reduce the water flow to still switched systems, if this is justifiable from an ecological point of view

Under very extreme climatic conditions, it can also make sense to provide the drainage pipe and in particular the storage jacket with a heating system that guarantees a secure storage function during the frost-thaw change

These heating systems can be integrated into the line as electrical, hot water or hot air lines, for example, or operated externally via the drainage pipe with blown in warm air

Preventive protection against freeze-thaw changes for pipes according to the invention which are installed within the area at risk of frost can also be achieved by installing devices in the area of the inlet which close the line in the event of frost in order to prevent the water from flowing into the area at risk of frost The disadvantage would be, however, that in this case the water (usually only the relatively small amounts of condensation) would run off above ground, which is not welcome by the municipalities.This problem usually affects all insurance systems that have open trough systems their rain or condensation should be released to the subsoil and is not specific to this invention. From an installation depth to be determined depending on the location, there is no longer any risk of frost

The large water storage capacity of the line according to the invention also makes it useful to use it as a service or extinguishing water store in order to be able to dispense entirely or in part with the removal of water from public lines

The possible uses for this are very diverse, particularly in commercial, public and private areas WO 00/40811 _g PCT / DEOO / 00002

But the water pipe according to the invention also fulfills its positive purpose in ecological water treatment, since the open-pore storage material forms an excellent space for the settlement of pollutant-consuming microorganisms

In the case of strong pollutants, the possibility of micro-organic cleaning can be further intensified if pollutant-specific microorganisms are fed to the line via the drainage pipe and are additionally supplied with fresh air that is blown in. Depending on the ballast layer thickness, the temperature gradient in the ballast layer itself also ensures a low convection flow of air between the gravel grains, which can support a well-functioning micro-organic cleaning

Of course, all other mechanical (suction, coils, etc.) and chemical (binding agent addition, neutralization, etc.) cleaning processes can also be used without restriction

In particular, physical processes with appropriately conditioned minerals or plants (e.g. Plocher, Grander systems, etc.) and or the previously described biological systems based on microorganisms have in these cases been very environmentally friendly in cleaning and have a very positive effect on the quality of the water flowing out proven

In addition, the contaminated pipe section can be closed when the damage occurs and excluded from the pipe network for the time of cleaning, so that the damage is restricted to a small area of the pipe

If the pipe part contaminated with pollutants cannot be separated from the pipeline network, the drainage pipe inside the loaded storage jacket must be equipped with an inlay hose to seal drainage openings until the surrounding storage jacket has been replaced in an innocuous state

Description of the drawings

In the drawings, several exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown

1 shows a perspective cross section through a paved traffic area

2 shows a view in the direction of arrow A from FIG ^.

3 shows a longitudinal section through the connecting surface according to FIG

4 shows a longitudinal section through an inclined connection surface as a cascade line

5 shows a cross section through a water pipe with a large storage capacity

6 shows a cross section through a water pipe with a large storage capacity

ig 7 is a cross-section of a double-rouge superstructure underneath a brominated street

ig 8 is a cross-section of a pressure-resistant water pipe under a cobbled street

g 9 is a longitudinal section through a water pipe with an integrated cistern under a brominated street

g 10 a grain structure from a hollow gravel with a graded sieve

provide the ballast from FIG. 10 with a binding agent which increases its capacity

The water pipe (10) shown in FIG. 1 is made from the casing (25) embedded in the trench (42), frost protection layer (40) and ballast layer (39) from a water-permeable layer (trickle protection) (20) and a waterproof layer (bentonite mats) (19 ) and a drainage pipe (13) made of pressure-resistant polyethylene and the storage jacket (14) produced from particularly hollow gravel (57)

The water pipe (10) is covered by a plaster bed (37) with a plaster covering (36). The trickle protection (10) made of geotextile, which ends in overlaps (10) between the bentonite edges, only has the task of penetrating the fine-grained plaster bed (10) into to prevent the void-rich storage jacket (57, 58)

It is very clearly visible that, in comparison to the conventional sewer, only a very small trench excavation (42) is required in order to be able to install the water pipe (10)

In the illustration, the water pipe (10) is filled with water (11) up to its maximum intended level. The water pipe (10) also requires only a small amount of space within the required traffic area

Figure 2 shows a view in arrow direction A of Figure 1

Since the water pipe (10) in this example works as a hydraulic pressure-free damming system, the bentonite mat (19) is only guided up to a few centimeters above the maximum possible water damming height (51) The drainage pipe (13) is embedded at the deepest point of the water pipe (10) in the storage jacket (14) in such a way that unimpeded water and water drainage is stiffened securely

The conventionally used base layer structure (38) made of frost protection (40) and ballast layer (39) is replaced in the area of the water pipe (10) by the storage jacket (14, 57, 58), which is at least as stable and which is defined in coordination with the maximum flow velocities Free pipe cross-section (52) secures the computationally predetermined jam rate of the water (11) in the storage jacket (14) and the discharge rate of the water (11) out of the water pipe (10) and the subsequent systems

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through the water pipe system based on Figures 1 and 2. In addition to Figure 1, the water inlet (16) into the water pipe (10) via a street drain (26) and sewer pipes (16) and the water drainage from the system by means Sewer pipe (16) shown in a throttle shaft (27)

The throttle shaft (27) contains a throttle (45) in the form of a perforated diaphragm (45) and an overflow (44) for unrestricted discharge, for the water volume (11) flowing into the water line (10) and exceeding the existing buffer capacity of the water line (10) ) Both the perforated diaphragm (45) and the overflow (44) pass their water on to a sewer drain (16). The overflow prevents the bentom trough (19) from flooding, so that the surrounding base layers (38) are not damaged by temporary or sporadic water input

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the water supply system (10) arranged below a street with a long gradient

In order to be able to install the water pipe (10) at starbm Gefalle without a lot of additional excavation work or where space is limited, it has been arranged in the shape of a floor under the street

For this purpose, a throttle shaft (27) with throttle (45) and overflow (44) is interposed, as it is already shown in FIG. 1, after the line section (66, 10, 66) before it is introduced into the next lower line section (66, 10, 66) 3 was shown

In the course of the line, several different discharges are shown, such as a street drain (26, 65) with wet sludge trap and house connections (70). The line section consisting of two chambers (10, 27) ends in a channel

FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a water pipe (10) with a large storage jacket (14)

The large storage jacket (14) enables the absorption, intermediate storage and throttled delivery of large quantities of introduced water.The very small additional excavation to create the water pipe (10) was restricted to the area of the drainage pipe (13) in order to meet the prescribed overlap height for the drainage pipe Ensure protection of the drainage pipe (13)

FIG. 6 shows a cross section through a water pipe (10) with an identical storage capacity as in FIG. 5

In order to reduce the overall width, the pipe trench of the drainage pipe (13) was greatly widened in order to be able to accommodate the storage jacket material (57, 58) required for temporary storage under the cramped space conditions. The same amount of storage jacket material (57) is running per meter of the water pipe (10) , 58) installed as in FIG. 5

FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a double pipe water pipe (10) which is arranged below a bituminous street decb (53, 54)

With the Doppelrohπgbrt, very fast or volume-rich water intake and drainage is made possible at very low overlap heights from the pipe crown (33) to the surface (34), which may require a trench (42)

On the embodiment (course of the casing) of the water pipe (10), the water pipe (10) was laid after excavation of the trench (42) and then the frost protection layer (40) against the double-sided concrete track (19th ) After this structure (10.40) was compacted together, the gravel layer (39) was applied and then the road decb (53.54)

The trench bottom is designed in such a way that both drainage pipes (13) are arranged at the deepest trench lines to ensure complete water drainage

In this example, too, the maximum stowage height (51) is shown WO 00/40811 _ _]] _ PCT / DE00 / 00002

Figure 8 shows a cross profile of a water pipe (10), which differs significantly from the ones shown, since this pipe (10) is designed as a pressure pipe

So this line (10) follows strong declines without water being able to escape into the adjacent base layer (38)

The sheath (48) consists entirely of water-impermeable, dimensionally stable and outwardly carbon fiber reinforced PE HD sealing sheets, which surround a storage jacket (47) made of pressure-resistant, open-pore PU foam, so that this water pipe (10) has to be prefabricated in colors

The very low expansion capacity of the fiber reinforcement guarantees expansion and thus pressure neutrality to the neighboring base layers (38), so that their compaction composite is not endangered

FIG. 9 shows the longitudinal section of a water pipe (10) below a bituminized residential street with an iteration-integrated cistern (10) arranged below the drain pipe (66), which is supplied with fresh water when the rain sets in via the sewer line (32) and thus shows negative signs of prolongation counteracts the water From the removal shaft (72) of the water pipe (10) integrated in the street body, the water for irrigating the greening of the street or fire water for the fire brigade can be removed

FIG. 10 shows storage jacket material (14, 46), consists of compacted gravel grains (57) of different diameters in the area of the 8/32 mm sieve line, which is very easy to use, the sieve membrane of which is used to create a maximum pore space (58) for small grain sizes below 8 mm Whole is dispensed with

The resulting grain structure of the grains (57) or Zwicbl (64) supporting each other at the contact points with the resulting large pore parts (58) can be well leveled out. Despite the compression, individual gravel grains (60) that are not integrated in the composite or grain structure make out

The enormous areas of the grain boundaries (59) provide an ideal base for a microorganism cleaning film

Up to the liquid bit level (62), the ballast (46, 57, 60) is evenly filled with accumulated rainwater (61)

FIG. 11 shows the same grain skeleton (14, 57) as in FIG. 10, with the difference that in order to increase the load-bearing capacity, the gravel (46, 57) was poured over with a watery cement, which concentrated on the surface according to the surface tension of the liquid cement Zwiebln (64) has deposited The entire gravel grain (46, 57, 60) outside of the Zwicbl (64) is only thinly covered by the binder (63)

A further base layer consolidation takes place by additionally integrating the free gravel grains (60) into the composite

Reference numerals ste

Water pipe 33 Top of the pipe 56 Raw planum

Water 34 surface 57 gravel grains water-absorbing and conductive 35 road surface 58 pore space

Components

30 36 paving 59 grain boundaries

Drainage pipe

37 pavement bed 60 free gravel grains

Storage jacket

38 base layer 61 liquid common body

39 gravel layer 62 liquid bit level

Sewer pipe

40 Antifreeze layer 63 Binder layer

diameter

35 41 grown soil 64 binder concentrations

Throttle (on the Zwiebln)

42 ditch waterproof layer 65 further drain connection

43 connection pipe water-permeable layer 66 sewer pipe

44 overflow

Cross-section or profile 67 manhole cover

45 discharge throttle

Longitudinal section or profile 68 sewer pipe bedding

40 46 storage jacket material

Line route 69 sewer trench filling

47 plastic storage jacket

High course 70 house connection

48 water- and dirt-proof cover

Sheathing 71 Crossing empty tubes for

Supply lines

Drain (gully) 49 dirt-tight casing

72 quench water suction wells

Throttle shaft 45 50 overlap

73 max long-term storage height for the

Sludge trap 51 max Reservoir-high water supply

Separator 52 free pipe cross section

74 max short crush height for the

Part 53 bituminous base course rainwater disposal

Heating system 54 bituminous top layer

Water discharge 50 55 joint seam

Claims

Patent claims

Water pipe (10), in particular for rainwater, for receiving, temporary storage and reduced and temporally stretched (throttled) delivery of the water (11) introduced into the water pipe (10), characterized in that the water-absorbing and conducting components (12) of the water pipe (10) consist of at least one drainage pipe (13) and a storage jacket (14) formed from load-bearing, open-pore, preferably void-rich material (57, 58) around the drainage pipe (13)

Water pipe (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drainage pipe (13) and the storage jacket (14) form a common body (15) for receiving, temporarily storing and guiding the water (11) and dispensing it

Water pipe (10) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) interweaves with the drainage pipes (13), which in comparison to sewer pipes (16) are smaller in diameter (17) at least in some areas of the water pipe (10), out of the water pipe (10), reduce the outflow quantities without the aid of other components which act as throttles and the

Extend drain time (restricted drain)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge reduced in the discharge volume or a fixedly defined discharge volume of the water (11) can be set by means of at least one throttle (18)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) of the drainage pipe (13) is to be used as a base layer (38) of roads

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is formed from gravel (57, 58, 60) which, depending on the predetermined load-bearing capacity, has an increased or the maximum possible pore fraction

(58)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is formed from ballast (57, 58, 60), the sieve line of which to create an increased or maximum possible pore fraction (58), from the strength values of the underlying ballast rock (14, 57, 60) and the load-bearing capacity of the built-in ballast to be achieved, m is determined

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is formed from ballast (57, 58, 60) in which, in order to increase the load-bearing capacity, the contact points (17) of the ballast grains (10) lying opposite one another by adding liquid cements or binders

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is formed from gravel (57, 58, 60), in which aerobic pollutant degradation m is made possible due to the high proportion of pores (11)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is formed from crushed stone (57, 58, 60) in which the natural temperature gradient in the built-in area is used to optimize the aerobic degradation of pollutants

Ballast base layer (10, 11) in the form of convection currents is to be used

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is formed from ballast (57, 58, 60) which is to be washed before it is installed O 00/40811 _ •] ₄ _ PCT / DE00 / 00002

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is completely or partially enclosed with a waterproof layer (19)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is partially surrounded by a water-permeable layer (20)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage jacket (14) is wholly or partly enclosed with a waterproof (19) and water-permeable (20) layer

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the watertight layer is to be formed from the existing soil conditions (41) adjacent to the storage jacket

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-section (21) and longitudinal section (22) of the water pipe (10) taking into account the readability in the water pipe (10) and complete dispensing of the water from the water pipe (10 ) can be designed as desired

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the course (22) of the water pipe (10), following its length in flow direction (23), is different in height (24)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all types of drainage systems such as drains (26), throttles (27), sludge trap (28), separators (29) for water discharge (32) into the water pipe (10) ) and inventive and or conventional water pipes such as drainage pipes (13) and sewer pipes (16) are to be used

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that parts of the water pipe are to be used as long-term liquid bit feeders

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that more than one drainage pipe (13) is embedded within the storage jacket (14, 57)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drainage pipe (13) is formed from alternating, interconnected sections (30) of drainage pipes (13) and non-drainable sewer pipes (16)

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water pipe (10) releases the then temporarily stored water (11, 61) to a channel (16), trench, insurance system, water purification system, or for further use as service or quenching water

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drainage pipe (13) and or the storage jacket (14, 57) with its casing (25) are to be cleaned by means of mechanical, physical, chemical and or biological cleaning processes

Water pipe (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water pipe (10) is equipped with a heating system (31)