DE102021122297B4 - water tank - Google Patents

Abstract

Water tank (WT) which is at least partially submersible in the ground or in the ground, the water tank has at least the capacity to treat polluted water or rainwater (W1) that is essentially free of solid components with a density of more than 1.1 kg /liter, whereby the water tank (WT) has at least:
- a tub (1) having a bottom (10) designed to be in contact with the ground and at least one side wall (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) designed to be at least partially in contact with the ground or a layer of soil to be in contact
- a first partial wall (20) which divides the water tank (WT) at least into a first buffer zone (BF1) with a first water buffer volume of at least 500 liters and a second buffer zone (BF2) with a second water buffer volume of at least 500 liters, the first buffer zone (BF1) is provided with an inlet system (2) through which the polluted sewage or rainwater can flow into the first buffer zone (BF1) above a minimum inlet level (P0), the first partial wall (20) having a first outlet system ( 21) through which water can flow from the first buffer zone (BF1) into the second buffer zone (BF2), the outlet system (21) being at a first outlet level (P1) below the inlet level (P0) of the first buffer zone (BF1) is arranged, the second buffer zone (BF2) being provided with a second outlet system (3) through which the water of the second buffer zone (BF2) can flow out of the second buffer zone (BF2), the second outlet system (3) being on a second Outlet level (P2) is arranged below the first outlet level (P1),
wherein the bottom (10) of the water tank (WT) lying in the first buffer zone (BF1) has in (a) a first non-water-permeable concrete part (12) with a first surface of non-porous concrete (12A) corresponding to the first buffer zone (BF1), whereby no water from the first buffer zone (BF1) can flow through this first non-water-permeable concrete part (12) in the direction of the ground or soil, and (b) a second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) which for a flow of water from the first buffer zone (BF1) through the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) towards the ground or soil, the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) having a top surface made of porous concrete (13A ) that of the first buffer zone (BF1) and which is located at least 10 cm above the non-porous concrete surface (12A), the porous concrete top surface (13A) of the second part (13) having a surface area facing the first buffer zone of at least 200 cm ² ,
said second buffer zone (BF2) being provided along its bottom with a water drainage arresting system (15) comprising and/or being provided with a passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete, said passage system (16) having an internal chamber (17) defined to collect water from the second buffer zone (BF2) flowing through the porous concrete of the passage system (16), the passage system (16) having an outlet system or outlet means (18) for discharging the water flowing through the porous concrete of the passage system (16) flows into the inner chamber (17),
wherein the passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete comprises an upper section (16A) made of a porous concrete with a top surface of at least 100 cm ² , located at least 100 cm (H) below the second outlet level (P2). , wherein at least the upper section (16A) made of the porous concrete of the passage system (16) is made of a hardened, porous, drainage concrete, which is obtained by hardening a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and Water is prepared to achieve an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the hardened drainage and porous concrete, the hardened drainage and porous concrete having a water permeability of 0.05 l/m ² /s to 5 l/m ² /s , preferably from 0.1 l/m ² /s to 3 l/m ² /s, and most preferably between 1.1 l/m ² /s to 1 l/m ² /s, said water permeability of the hardened, water-draining and porous concrete is measured by filling the second buffer zone (BF2) with an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) up to the second outlet level (P2) with water, and then determining the amount of water, which flows in 30 seconds through the porous concrete of the passage system (16) and its upper section (16A) made of porous concrete into the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16).

Description

The invention relates to the simple buffer water tank where part of the water can be infiltrated into the ground while another part of the water can flow into a stream or a canal.

More and more houses and other buildings are being equipped with water tanks to store rainwater. With insufficient water use, the water tanks remain filled with water and, in the event of heavy rain, do not provide a solution to excessive water drainage into waterways.

In order to get the problem of rainwater under control, there is a system in which plastic modules are connected to each other with the help of a porous material. The construction of such a system requires civil works to achieve sufficient soil stability. It would also make sense if the top layer is suitable for driving on.

Water tanks, which are also used as drainage systems, are used, for example, in WO 95/16833 described. According to this document a drainage system is presented with porous walls and porous fabric to define a storage volume where water flows through the walls and porous fabric so that the water is infiltrated underground.

Such a system requires extensive floor work to ensure that there is a porous layer of soil around the walls of porous fabric. In addition, such systems are completely inadequate in the case of wet floors. The fact is that the groundwater flows through the porous side walls of the tank, which limit the space for the collected rainwater.

The use of porous concrete layers for paths, streets and parking lots is known. The aerated concrete has an extremely high permeability and is intended to conduct water into the deeper soil layers. As soon as the soil layer is wet, the performance of the aerated concrete decreases.

DE9412053U1 describes a water tank provided with a filter element and an outlet opening at a level above the filter element. Therefore, the filter element does not function as a means of controlling stormwater runoff.

US2012/0111428 A1 describes a water tank made of HDPE for the collection of rainwater, equipped with a filtering structure having a filtering surface to capture solid particles with a size of 20 µm. Therefore, a filter does not serve as a means of removing rainwater.

DE10231241 A1 describes a filter element made of porous concrete. The water flows through the porous concrete from bottom to top. Furthermore, once too much rainwater accumulates, solid particles will be deposited on the horizontal filter element, making it impossible to control the drainage of rainwater.

DE4338085 A1 describes a filter installation with horizontal filter elements to filter rainwater. Therefore, the plant does not serve as a means of controlling the runoff of rainwater from the tank.

All of these known systems do not provide efficient solutions for buffering rainwater, controlling rainwater runoff into streams or rivers during and after a rainy season, e.g. when the ground is too wet, and draining the water into the ground when the ground is rather dry .

GB2576406A discloses a buffer tank suitable for controlling the flow of rainwater into streams or rivers during and after a rainy season. However, said buffer tank has the disadvantage that when placed in certain soils, it is subject to soil movements, which can lead to operational problems, such as buffer tank performance reduction and changes in controlled drainage.

WO 2007/123342 discloses a linear infiltration system functioning as a storm sewer which is not provided with a porous concrete water drainage arresting system.

KR 100 978075 discloses a water treatment plant with filtering devices for removing coarse particles.

KR 101 419 909 discloses a water treatment plant with a sedimentation stage and a filtration stage.

In the water tank of the present invention, draining water along the bottom of a buffer zone of the tank serves as a means for controlling soil moisture around the water tank. This is beneficial to ground movements to be avoided due to drought, e.g. in layers of clay where the water tank is located. In addition, it was found that with the water tank according to the invention, part of the rainwater that accumulates in the vicinity of the water tank seeps into the ground better and/or is better absorbed by the plants growing in the vicinity of the tank.

The invention relates to the water tank (WT), which can be at least partially submerged in the ground or in the ground, for example in an excavation pit or a hole, the ground and its wall(s) being at least partially in contact with the ground or the ground or its art layer. The water tank has at least the capacity to treat or buffer polluted water or rainwater (W1) or a portion thereof that is substantially free of solid matter with a density greater than 1.1 kg/litre.

• - eine Wanne (1) mit einem Boden (10), der dazu ausgebildet ist mit dem Grund oder dem Erdreich (unter Boden und Erdreich versteht man auch eine künstliche und poröse Schicht, wie z.B. Sandschicht) in Kontakt zu sein, und mindestens einer Seitenwand (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d), die dazu ausgebildet ist zumindest teilweise mit dem Grund oder einer Schicht des Erdreichs in Kontakt zu sein,
• - eine erste Teilwand (20), die den Wassertank (WT) mindestens in eine erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einem ersten Wasserpuffervolumen von mindestens 500 Litern, und eine zweite Pufferzone (BF2) mit einem zweiten Wasserpuffervolumen von mindestens 500 Litern unterteilt, wobei die erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einem Einlasssystem (2) versehen ist, durch welches das verschmutzte Schmutz- oder Regenwasser oberhalb eines Mindesteinlassniveaus (P0) in die erste Pufferzone (BF1) fließen kann, wobei die erste Teilwand (20) mit einem ersten Auslasssystem (21) versehen ist, durch das Wasser aus der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) in die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) abfließen kann, wobei das Auslasssystem (21) auf einem ersten Auslassniveau (P1) unterhalb des Einlassniveaus (P0) der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) angeordnet ist,

wobei die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) mit einem zweiten Auslasssystem (3) versehen ist, durch welches das Wasser der zweiten Pufferzone (BF2) aus der zweiten Pufferzone (BF2) abfließen kann, wobei das zweite Auslasssystem (3) auf einem zweiten Auslassniveau (P2) unterhalb des ersten Auslassniveaus (P1) angeordnet ist,
wobei der Boden (10) des Wassertanks (WT), der in der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) liegt, in (a) einen ersten nicht wasserdurchlässigen Betonteil (12) mit einer ersten Oberfläche aus nicht porösem Beton (12A), die der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) zugewandt ist, wobei kein Wasser aus der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) durch dieses erste nicht wasserdurchlässiges Betonteil (12) in Richtung des Grundes oder des Erdreichs fließen kann, und (b) einen zweiten wasserdurchlässigen und porösen Betonteil (13), der für einen Wasserfluss aus der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) durch den zweiten wasserdurchlässigen und porösen Betonteil (13) in Richtung des Grundes oder des Erdreichs ausgebildet ist, unterteilt ist, wobei der zweite wasserdurchlässige und poröse Betonteil (13) eine Oberseite aus porösen Beton (13A) aufweist, die der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) zugewandt ist und die mindestens 10 cm oberhalb der Oberfläche aus nicht porösem Beton (12A) angeordnet ist, wobei die Oberseite aus porösen Beton (13A) des zweiten Teils (13) eine der ersten Pufferzone zugewandte Oberfläche mit mindestens 200 cm² aufweist,
wobei die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) entlang ihres Bodens mit einem Wasserabfluss-Bremssystem (15) versehen ist, das ein aus zumindest einem porösen Beton hergestelltes Durchgangssystem (16) umfasst und/oder damit versehen ist, wobei das Durchgangssystem (16) eine innere Kammer (17) definiert, um Wasser aus der zweiten Pufferzone (BF2), welches durch den porösen Beton des Durchgangssystem (16) fließt, zu sammeln, wobei das Durchgangssystem (16) ein Auslasssystem oder Auslassmittel (18) zum Ableiten (außerhalb des Wassertanks) des Wassers aus der inneren Kammer (17) des Durchgangssystems (16) umfasst,
wobei das zumindest aus einem porösen Beton hergestellte Durchgangssystem (16) einen oberen Abschnitt (16A) aus einem porösen Beton mit einer oberen porösen Oberfläche von mindestens 100 cm², die mindestens 100 cm (H) unterhalb des zweiten Auslassniveaus (P2) angeordnet ist, umfasst, wobei zumindest der aus dem porösen Beton des Durchgangssystem (16) hergestellte obere Abschnitt (16A) aus einem ausgehärteten, porösen, wasserabführenden Beton hergestellt ist, der durch Aushärten einer Mischung aus mindestens Zement, Zuschlagstoffen mit einer Teilchengröße von 6 mm bis 14 mm und Wasser hergestellt wird, um ein offenporiges Volumen von 8 bis 12% im ausgehärteten wasserabführenden und porösen Beton zu erreichen, wobei der gehärtete, wasserabführende und poröse Beton eine Wasserdurchlässigkeit von 0,05 l/m²/s bis 5 l/m²/s, vorzugsweise von 0,1 l/m²/s bis 3 l/m²/s, und am meisten bevorzugt zwischen 1,1 l/m²/s bis 1 l/m²/s, aufweist, wobei die genannte Wasserdurchlässigkeit des ausgehärteten, wasserabführenden und porösen Beton dadurch gemessen wird, dass die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) mit einer leeren innere Kammer (17) des Durchgangssystem (16) bis zum zweiten Auslassniveau (P2) mit Wasser befüllt wird, und anschließend die Wassermenge bestimmt wird, die in 30 Sekunden durch den porösen Beton des Durchgangssystems (16) und dessen aus porösen Beton hergestellten oberen Abschnittes (16A) in die innere Kammer (17) des Durchgangssystems (16) fließt.The water tank (WT) according to the invention comprises at least:

• - a trough (1) with a bottom (10) designed to be in contact with the ground or soil (bottom and soil also means an artificial and porous layer such as a layer of sand) and at least one side wall (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d) designed to be at least partially in contact with the ground or a layer of soil,
• - a first partial wall (20) which divides the water tank (WT) at least into a first buffer zone (BF1) with a first water buffer volume of at least 500 liters and a second buffer zone (BF2) with a second water buffer volume of at least 500 liters, the first buffer zone (BF1) is provided with an inlet system (2) through which the polluted sewage or rainwater can flow into the first buffer zone (BF1) above a minimum inlet level (P0), the first partial wall (20) having a first outlet system ( 21) through which water can flow from the first buffer zone (BF1) into the second buffer zone (BF2), the outlet system (21) being at a first outlet level (P1) below the inlet level (P0) of the first buffer zone (BF1) is arranged

wherein the second buffer zone (BF2) is provided with a second outlet system (3) through which the water of the second buffer zone (BF2) can flow out of the second buffer zone (BF2), wherein the second outlet system (3) is at a second outlet level (P2 ) is arranged below the first outlet level (P1),
wherein the bottom (10) of the water tank (WT) lying in the first buffer zone (BF1) has in (a) a first non-water-permeable concrete part (12) with a first surface of non-porous concrete (12A) corresponding to the first buffer zone (BF1), whereby no water from the first buffer zone (BF1) can flow through this first non-water-permeable concrete part (12) in the direction of the ground or soil, and (b) a second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) which for a flow of water from the first buffer zone (BF1) through the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) towards the ground or soil, the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) having a top surface made of porous concrete (13A ) facing the first buffer zone (BF1) and located at least 10 cm above the non-porous concrete surface (12A), the porous concrete top surface (13A) of the second part (13) having a surface facing the first buffer zone has a surface area of at least 200 cm ² ,
said second buffer zone (BF2) being provided along its bottom with a water drainage arresting system (15) comprising and/or being provided with a passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete, said passage system (16) having an internal chamber (17) defined to collect water from the second buffer zone (BF2) flowing through the porous concrete of the passage system (16), the passage system (16) having an outlet system or outlet means (18) for draining (outside the water tank) of the water from the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16),
wherein the passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete has an upper section (16A) made of a porous concrete with an upper porous surface of at least 100 cm ² , which is located at least 100 cm (H) below the second outlet level (P2), wherein at least the upper section (16A) made of the porous concrete of the passage system (16) is made of a hardened, porous, water-draining concrete, which is made by hardening a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and water is prepared to achieve an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the hardened drainage and porous concrete, the hardened drainage and porous concrete having a water permeability of 0.05 l/m ² /s to 5 l/m ² / s, preferably from 0.1 l/m ² /s to 3 l/m ² /s, and most preferably between 1.1 l/m ² /s to 1 l/m ² /s, said water permeability of the hardened, water-draining and porous concrete is measured by filling the second buffer zone (BF2) with an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) up to the second outlet level (P2), and thereafter determining the amount of water flowing in 30 seconds through the porous concrete of the passageway system (16) and its upper portion (16A) made of porous concrete into the inner chamber (17) of the passageway system (16).

The water tank according to the invention contains two separate buffer zones (BF1 and BF2) which essentially have separate operating and distinguishing functions. The first buffer zone forms the first buffer storage volume. Part of the water in the first buffer zone (BF 1) can penetrate through the bottom of the first buffer zone into the ground or soil in a controlled manner (e.g. into the layers of soil below the ground), whereas the water in the first buffer zone flows through an outlet into the second buffer zone , once the water in the first buffer zone is above an outlet level.

The water of the second buffer zone flows through a passage system in a controlled manner from the second buffer zone into a stream or a canal, ditch or river.

By using the water tank according to the invention, a large amount of water can be buffered and pumped out if necessary, for example to water the garden.

The water of the first buffer zone (BF1) is first used to infiltrate water into the ground or soil (near the tank) (mainly in the layer of soil under the bottom of the tank), which is necessary for obtaining a minimum soil moisture is beneficial. In the case of rain, the seepage of rainwater is thus improved compared to the seepage of rainwater into a dry layer of soil.

The water from the second buffer zone (which can also be pumped out to water plants) flows in a controlled manner into a canal or stream or river, which is beneficial to the canal/river's wildlife, particularly the plants that grow along it of the bottom of the canal or river grow. The presence of these plants is therefore also beneficial for water infiltration along the bottom of the canal and stream or river.

In the vicinity of the water tank according to the invention, the rainwater infiltration in the upper soil layer as well as in the lower soil layer is increased or improved, which is advantageous for the adjacent garden plants in long dry periods and which is also advantageous for maintaining a minimum groundwater level in the vicinity of the water tank.

• *Der zweite wasserdurchlässige und poröse Betonteil (13) weist eine Wasserdurchlässigkeit von 1 l/m²/s bis 10 l/m²/s, vorzugsweise von 2 l/m²/s bis 8 l/m²/s, und idealerweise zwischen 3 l/m²/s und 6 l/m²/s, auf, wobei die Wasserdurchlässigkeit des zweiten wasserdurchlässigen und porösen Betonteils (13) dadurch gemessen wird, dass die erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einer leeren Bodensammelkammer (LO) unter dem zweiten Teil (13) bis zum ersten Auslassniveau (P1) mit Wasser befüllt wird, und anschließend die Wassermenge bestimmt wird, die in 30 Sekunden durch den zweiten Teil (13) in die Bodensammelkammer (LO) fließt.
• *Die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des zweiten Teils (13) des Bodens der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) ist größer als die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des oberen Abschnittes (16A) des Durchgangssystems (16), wobei die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des zweiten Teils (13) der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) dadurch gemessen wird, dass die erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einer leeren Bodensammelkammer (LO) unter dem zweiten Teil (13) bis zum ersten Auslassniveau (P1) mit Wasser befüllt wird, und anschließend die Wassermenge bestimmt wird, die in 30 Sekunden durch den zweiten Teil (13) in die Bodensammelkammer (LO) fließt, während die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des Durchgangssystems (16) dadurch gemessen wird, dass die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) mit einer leeren innere Kammer (17) des Durchgangssystem (16) bis zum zweiten Auslassniveau (P2) mit Wasser befüllt wird, und anschließend die Wassermenge bestimmt wird, die in 30 Sekunden durch den porösen Beton des Durchgangssystems (16) und dessen aus porösen Beton hergestellten oberen Abschnittes (16A) in die innere Kammer (17) des Durchgangssystems (16) fließt.

• *Die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des zweiten Teils (13) des Bodens der ersten Pufferzone (BF 1) ist mindestens zweimal größer als die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des Durchgangssystems (16).
• *Die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des zweiten Teils (13) des Bodens der ersten Pufferzone (BF 1) ist zwischen dem 3- bis 10-fachen größer als die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des Durchgangssystems (16).
• *Der zweite Teil (13) des Bodens der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) bildet einen Vorsprung (13U) in Bezug auf die Oberfläche (12A) des ersten Teils (12) des Bodens der ersten Pufferzone (BF1).
• *Der Vorsprung (13U) weist eine längliche Form mit einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Achse (13X) und mit einem rechteckigen oder trapezförmigen Abschnitt in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der im Wesentlichen horizontalen Achse (13X) auf.
• *Der Vorsprung (13U) weist einen trapezförmigen Abschnitt in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der im Wesentlichen horizontalen Achse (13X) auf.
• *Der Vorsprung (13U) weist in Bezug auf den ersten Teil (12) des Bodens der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) in waagerechter Lage, (a) zwei schräge Seitenflächen (13F, 13G) und (b) eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Oberfläche (13A), die sich zwischen den Oberkanten (13H, 13I) der beiden schrägen Seitenflächen (13F, 13G) erstreckt, auf, wobei die Neigung der beiden schrägen Seitenflächen (13F, 13G) derart ist, dass entlang eines vertikalen Schnittes senkrecht zu der im Wesentlichen waagerechten Achse (13X) die Breite (B 1) des trapezförmigen Abschnittes entlang der horizontalen Oberfläche (13A) des Vorsprungs (13U) kleiner ist als die Breite (B2) des trapezförmigen Abschnitts entlang der waagerechten Ebene der Oberfläche (12A) des ersten Teils (12).
• *Die erste Teilwand (20) weist einen wasserdurchlässigen Teil (20D) auf, der zumindest teilweise aus wasserdurchlässigem Beton hergestellt ist, wobei durch den oben genannten wasserdurchlässigen Teil (20D) der Teilwand (20) Wasser zwischen der ersten Pufferzone (BF 1) und der zweiten Pufferzone (BF2) fließen kann, wobei der wasserdurchlässige Teil (20D) der ersten Teilwand (20) zumindest teilweise unter der dem zweiten Auslassniveau (P2) angeordnet ist,
• wobei der oben erwähnte wasserdurchlässige Teil (20D) der ersten Teilwand (20) eine Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit zwischen der Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des Durchgangssystem (16) und der Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des zweiten Teils (13) der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) aufweist,
• wobei die Gesamtwasserdurchlässigkeit des wasserdurchlässigen Teils (20D) der ersten Teilwand (20) dadurch gemessen wird, dass nach Abdichtung des Durchgangssystem (16) die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) bei leerer erster Pufferzone (BF1) bis zum zweiten Auslassniveau (P2) mit Wasser befüllt wird, und anschließend die Wassermenge bestimmt wird, die in 30 Sekunden von der zweiten Pufferzone (BF2) durch die Teilwand (20) in die erste Pufferzone (BF1) fließt.
• *Das Durchgangssystem (16) umfasst eine Leitung (18), die mit der inneren Kammer (17) verbunden ist und die durch eine Außenwand (11d) des Wassertanks (WT) verläuft, wobei diese Leitung (18) für den Wasserfluss von der inneren Kammer (17) aus dem Wassertank (WT) heraus ausgebildet ist.
• *Der Wassertank (WT) umfasst eine zweite Teilwand (30), um eine Sedimentationszone (BZ) im Wassertank (WT) zu definieren, wobei der Wassertank (WT) einen Einlass (31) umfasst, um verschmutztes Wasser oder Regenwasser in die Sedimentationszone (BZ) fließen zu lassen, wobei die zweite Teilwand (30) ein Überlaufsystem (32) umfasst, das das Einlasssystem (2) für die erste Pufferzone (BF1) bildet.
• *Die Sedimentationszone (BZ) umfasst einen flexiblen wasserdurchlässigen Filterbehälter (40), der herausnehmbar in der Sedimentationszone (BZ) angebracht ist.
• *Der flexible, wasserdurchlässige Filterbehälter (40) weist einen Boden (40B) und mindestens eine Seitenwand (40C) mit einer freien Oberkante (40D) auf, wobei die mindestens eine Seitenwand (40C) einen oberen Teil (40C1) entlang der Oberkante aufweist, wobei der oben genannte obere Teil (40C1) der mindestens einen Seitenwand (40C) eine Wasserdurchlässigkeit aufweist, die größer ist als die Wasserdurchlässigkeit des Bodens (40B) und die Wasserdurchlässigkeit eines Teils (40C2) der mindestens einen Seitenwand (40C), der an den Boden (40B) angrenzend angeordnet ist.
• *Die Oberkante der mindestens einen Seitenwand (40C) des Filterbehälters liegt auf einem Niveau, das höher liegt als das Einlassniveau (P0).
• *Der Wassertank mit einem abnehmbaren Deckel (50), für eine Versorgungsöffnung oder eine Einstiegsöffnung (51, 52, 53), versehen ist.
• *Eine Kombination von wenigstens zwei dieser Merkmale.

The water tank according to the invention preferably has one or more of the following features:

• *The second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) has a water permeability from 1 l/m ² /s to 10 l/m ² /s, preferably from 2 l/m ² /s to 8 l/m ² /s, and ideally between 3 l/m ² /s and 6 l/m ² /s, the water permeability of the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) being measured in that the first buffer zone (BF1) with an empty soil collection chamber (LO) under filling the second part (13) with water up to the first outlet level (P1), and then determining the amount of water that flows through the second part (13) into the bottom collection chamber (LO) in 30 seconds.
• *The total water permeability of the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) is greater than the total water permeability of the upper section (16A) of the passage system (16), the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1) thereby is measured that the first buffer zone (BF1) with an empty bottom collection chamber (LO) under the second part (13) is filled with water up to the first outlet level (P1), and then the amount of water that passes through the second part (13) flows into the bottom collection chamber (LO), while the total water permeability of the passage system (16) is measured by connecting the second buffer zone (BF2) with an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) up to the second outlet level (P2 ) is filled with water, and then the amount of water is determined that flows through the porous concrete of the passage system (16) and its upper section (16A) made of porous concrete into the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) in 30 seconds .

• *The total water permeability of the second part (13) of the soil of the first buffer zone (BF 1) is at least two times greater than the total water permeability of the passage system (16).
• *The total water permeability of the second part (13) of the soil of the first buffer zone (BF 1) is between 3 and 10 times greater than the total water permeability of the passage system (16).
• *The second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) forms a projection (13U) with respect to the surface (12A) of the first Part (12) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1).
• *The projection (13U) has an oblong shape with a substantially horizontal axis (13X) and with a rectangular or trapezoidal section in a plane perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X).
• *The projection (13U) has a trapezoidal section in a plane perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X).
• *The projection (13U), in horizontal position with respect to the first part (12) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1), has (a) two sloping side surfaces (13F, 13G) and (b) a substantially horizontal surface (13A ) extending between the top edges (13H, 13I) of the two sloping side faces (13F, 13G), the inclination of the two sloping side faces (13F, 13G) being such that along a vertical section perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X) the width (B1) of the trapezoidal section along the horizontal surface (13A) of the projection (13U) is smaller than the width (B2) of the trapezoidal section along the horizontal plane of the surface (12A) of the first part ( 12).
• *The first partial wall (20) has a water-permeable part (20D) at least partially made of water-permeable concrete, through the above-mentioned water-permeable part (20D) of the partial wall (20) water between the first buffer zone (BF 1) and the second buffer zone (BF2), wherein the water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) is at least partially arranged below that of the second outlet level (P2),
• wherein the above-mentioned water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) has a total water-permeability between the total water-permeability of the passage system (16) and the total water-permeability of the second part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1),
• the total water permeability of the water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) being measured in that, after the passage system (16) has been sealed, the second buffer zone (BF2) is filled with water up to the second outlet level (P2) when the first buffer zone (BF1) is empty and then the amount of water is determined that flows from the second buffer zone (BF2) through the partial wall (20) into the first buffer zone (BF1) in 30 seconds.
• *The passage system (16) comprises a duct (18) which is connected to the inner chamber (17) and which passes through an outer wall (11d) of the water tank (WT), this duct (18) for the flow of water from the inner Chamber (17) is formed out of the water tank (WT).
• *The water tank (WT) comprises a second partial wall (30) to define a sedimentation zone (BZ) in the water tank (WT), the water tank (WT) comprising an inlet (31) for introducing polluted water or rainwater into the sedimentation zone ( BZ) to flow, wherein the second partial wall (30) comprises an overflow system (32) which forms the inlet system (2) for the first buffer zone (BF1).
• *The sedimentation zone (BZ) comprises a flexible, water-permeable filter container (40) which is removably mounted in the sedimentation zone (BZ).
• * The flexible, water-permeable filter container (40) has a bottom (40B) and at least one side wall (40C) with a free top edge (40D), the at least one side wall (40C) having a top part (40C1) along the top edge, wherein the aforesaid top portion (40C1) of the at least one side wall (40C) has a water permeability greater than the water permeability of the bottom (40B) and the water permeability of a portion (40C2) of the at least one side wall (40C) adjoining the Floor (40B) is arranged adjacent.
• *The top edge of at least one side wall (40C) of the filter canister is at a level higher than the inlet level (P0).
• *The water tank is provided with a removable cover (50) for a service opening or a manhole (51, 52, 53).
• *A combination of at least two of these characteristics.

The invention also relates to a water system comprising at least (a) a water tank according to the invention with an inlet system for water (2) and (b) a sedimentation tank (BZT) which is equipped with (b1) an inlet (60) to collect water, and (b2) an outlet line (61) to direct water from the sedimentation tank (BZT) through the inlet system (2) towards/into the first buffer zone (BF1) of the water tank.

Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a water tank according to the invention, along a watercourse, a sewage system or a river to polluted water or to buffer rainwater before part of the water flows into the watercourse or sewage system or canal or river, whereby the water is collected in the first buffer zone (BF 1) before part of it flows into the second buffer zone (BF2), wherein water from the first buffer zone (BF1) can flow through the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) of the floor (12) at least into the layer of earth under the bottom of the water tank, while the water flowing into the second buffer zone (BF2) via the passage system (16) into the water stream, or into the sewage system, or into the canal, or into the river.

Embodiments of a tank according to the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

• - 1: eine Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Wassertanks ohne Deckel auf der Versorgungsöffnung;
• - 2: eine Ansicht des Wassertanks von 1 im Querschnitt entlang der Linie II - II;
• - 3: eine Querschnittsansicht des Wassertanks von 1 entlang der Linie III - III;
• - 4: eine Querschnittsansicht des Wassertanks von 1 entlang der Linie IV - IV;
• - 5: eine perspektivische Ansicht des Wassertanks von 1;
• - 6a bis 6f: Ansichten der Verarbeitungsschritte für das Wasser, das in den Wassertank von 2 fließt;
• - 7: eine Querschnittsansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform, die der Ausführungsform von 2 ähnlich ist;
• - 8: eine Ansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform von 7 entlang der Linie VIII - VIII;
• - 9: eine Draufsicht auf eine dritte Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Wassertanks, der der Ausführungsform von 1 ähnlich ist; und
• - 10: eine Querschnittsansicht des Wassertanks von 9 entlang der Linie X - X.

In the drawings is shown:

• - 1 : a plan view of a first embodiment of a water tank according to the invention without a cover on the supply opening;
• - 2 : a view of the water tank from 1 in cross section along the line II - II;
• - 3 : a cross-sectional view of the water tank of FIG 1 along line III - III;
• - 4 : a cross-sectional view of the water tank of FIG 1 along line IV - IV;
• - 5 : a perspective view of the water tank of 1 ;
• - 6a until 6f : Views of the processing steps for the water entering the water tank of 2 flows;
• - 7 FIG. 1: a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment, corresponding to the embodiment of FIG 2 is similar;
• - 8th : a view of the second embodiment of FIG 7 along line VIII - VIII;
• - 9 : a top view of a third embodiment of a water tank according to the invention, which corresponds to the embodiment of FIG 1 is similar; and
• - 10 : a cross-sectional view of the water tank of FIG 9 along the line X - X.

1 shows a first embodiment (top view, without cover 50) of a water tank according to the invention with two separate buffer zones (BF1, BF2).

The water tank (WT) according to 1 serves to buffer water, as well as to treat water (W1) to infiltrate part of it (W2) (for water in the first buffer zone (BF1), along its bottom) and another part of the water (W3) (water in the second buffer zone (BF2)) through a water discharge braking system (15) to a stream or a canal or a river.

The water (W1) is preferably rainwater or polluted water (W1) or a part thereof that is essentially free of solid components with a density of more than 1.1 kg/litre. The above water may be water coming from a settling tank where heavy solid particles can be removed.

• - einer Wanne (1) mit einem Boden (10) und mit vier vertikalen Seitenwänden (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d),
• - einer ersten Teilwand (20), die den Wassertank (WT) mindestens in eine erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einem ersten Wasserpuffervolumen von mindestens 500 Litern (zum Beispiel mit einem Wasserpuffervolumen von 1-5 m³), und eine zweite Pufferzone (BF2) mit einem zweiten Wasserpuffervolumen von mindestens 500 Litern (zum Beispiel mit einem Wasserpuffervolumen von 1-5 m³) teilt, wobei die erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einem Einlasssystem versehen ist, das bewirkt das verschmutztes Wasser oder Regenwasser oberhalb eines Mindestniveaus oder im Wesentlichen bis zu einem maximalen Einlassniveaus (P0) in die erste Pufferzone fließt oder eintritt, wobei die erste Teilwand (20) mit einem ersten Auslasssystem oder einem ersten Überlaufsystem (21) versehen ist, durch das Wasser aus der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) in die zweite Pufferzone (BF2) abfließen kann, wobei das Auslasssystem (21) auf einem ersten Auslassniveau (P1) unterhalb des Einlassniveaus (P0) der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) angeordnet ist.

The water tank (WT) is at least equipped with:

• - a trough (1) with a floor (10) and with four vertical side walls (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d),
• - a first partial wall (20) that divides the water tank (WT) into at least a first buffer zone (BF1) with a first water buffer volume of at least 500 liters (e.g. with a water buffer volume of 1-5 m ³ ), and a second buffer zone (BF2 ) with a second water buffer volume of at least 500 liters (e.g. with a water buffer volume of 1-5 m ³ ), the first buffer zone (BF1) being provided with an inlet system that causes the polluted water or rainwater above a minimum level or substantially flows or enters the first buffer zone up to a maximum inlet level (P0), the first partial wall (20) being provided with a first outlet system or a first overflow system (21) through which water from the first buffer zone (BF1) enters the second Buffer zone (BF2) can flow off, wherein the outlet system (21) is arranged at a first outlet level (P1) below the inlet level (P0) of the first buffer zone (BF1).

The second buffer zone (BF2) is provided with a second outlet system or a second overflow system (3) through which the water of the second buffer zone (BF2) can flow out of the second buffer zone (BF2), the second outlet system (3) being on a second Outlet level (P2) is arranged below the first outlet level (P1).

The bottom (10) of the water tank (WT) lying in the first buffer zone (BF1) is in (a) a first non-water-permeable part or non-water-permeable concrete part (12) with a first surface of non-porous concrete (12A), facing the first buffer zone (BF1), and (b) a second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) with a top surface made of porous concrete (13A) facing the first buffer zone (BF1) and located at least 10 cm (ΔH) above the first non-porous top surface (12A). The porous concrete top (13A) of the second part (13) has a surface area facing the first buffer volume of at least 200 cm ² .

The second buffer zone (BF2) is provided along its bottom with a water drainage arresting system (15) comprising and/or provided with a passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete, the passage system (16) having an internal chamber (17) defined to collect water from the second buffer zone (BF2), the passage system (16) comprising an outlet system or means (duct 18) for draining the water flowing into the inner chamber (17).

The passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete comprises an upper section (16A) made of a porous concrete with a porous concrete upper surface of at least 100 cm ² , which is located at least 100 cm (H) below the second outlet level (P2). The upper section (16A) made of at least the porous concrete of the passage system (16) consists of a hardened, porous, water-draining concrete, which is made by hardening a mixture of at least cement, aggregates with a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and water to achieve an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the hardened drainage and porous concrete, the hardened drainage and porous concrete having a water permeability of 0.05 l / m ² / s to 5 l / m ² / s, preferably from 0.1 l/m ² /s to 3 l/m ² /s, and ideally between 1.1 l/m ² /s to 1 l/m ² /s. The water permeability is measured by filling the second buffer zone (BF2) with an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) up to the second outlet level (P2) and then determining the amount of water that passes through in 30 seconds flows up the upper section (16A) made of porous concrete into the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16).

The water tank inside 1 consists of two separate buffer zones (BF1 and BF2), which are essentially operated separately from each other. The first buffer zone forms the first buffer volume. Part of the water in the first buffer zone (BF1) can be discharged into the ground through the bottom of the first buffer zone in a controlled manner, whereas the water in the first buffer zone (BF1) flows through an outlet opening (21) into the second buffer zone as soon as the water in the first buffer zone (BF1) above an outlet level (P1).

The water of the second buffer zone flows through a passage system in a controlled manner from the second buffer zone (BF2) into a stream or a canal.

By using the water tank according to 1 a large amount of water can be buffered and pumped out if necessary, for example to water the garden.

The water of the first buffer zone (BF1) is first used to infiltrate water into the ground (near the tank), which is beneficial for maintaining minimum soil moisture. In the case of rain, the seepage of rainwater is thus improved compared to the seepage of rainwater into a dry layer of soil.

The water of the second buffer zone (which can also be pumped out to water plants) flows in a controlled manner into a canal or stream, which is beneficial for the canal-stream wildlife that grow along the bottom of the canal or stream. The presence of these plants is therefore also beneficial for water infiltration along the bottom of the canal and stream.

In the vicinity of the water tank according to the invention, rainwater infiltration is increased, which is advantageous for the adjacent garden plants in long periods of drought, and which is also advantageous for maintaining a minimum groundwater level in the vicinity of the water tank.

• Der zweite wasserdurchlässige und poröse Betonteil (13) weist eine Wasserdurchlässigkeit von 1 l/m²/s bis 10 l/m²/s, vorzugsweise von 2 l/m²/s bis 8 l/m²/s, und idealerweise zwischen 3 l/m²/s und 6 l/m²/s, auf, wobei die Wasserdurchlässigkeit dadurch gemessen wird, dass die erste Pufferzone (BF1) mit einer leeren Bodensammelkammer (LO - siehe 3) unter dem zweiten Teil (13) bis zum ersten Auslassniveau (P1) mit Wasser befüllt wird, und anschließend die Wassermenge bestimmt wird, die in 30 Sekunden durch den zweiten Teil (13) in die Bodensammelkammer (LO) fließt.

The water tank according to 1 has the following characteristics:

• The second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) has a water permeability of 1 l/m ² /s to 10 l/m ² /s, preferably 2 l/m ² /s to 8 l/m ² /s, and ideally between 3 l/m ² /s and 6 l/m ² /s, the water permeability being measured by filling the first buffer zone (BF1) with an empty bottom plenum (LO - see 3 ) below the second part (13) is filled with water up to the first outlet level (P1), and then the amount of water that flows through the second part (13) into the bottom collection chamber (LO) in 30 seconds is determined.

The total water permeability of the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) is greater than the total water permeability of the upper section (16A) of the passage system (16), the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1) being measured thereby that will be the first buffer zone (BF1) with an empty bottom collection chamber (LO) under the second part (13) is filled with water up to the first outlet level (21 - P1) and then the amount of water that flows through the second part (13) in 30 seconds is determined flows into the bottom collection chamber (LO) while the total water permeability of the passage system (16) is measured by filling the second buffer zone (BF2) with an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) up to the second outlet level (P2) with water and then determining the amount of water flowing through the upper section (16A) made of porous concrete into the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) in 30 seconds.

The total water permeability of the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) is between 5 and 10 times greater than the total water permeability of the passage system (16).

The second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) forms a projection (13U) with respect to the surface (12A) of the first part (12) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1).

The projection (13U) has an oblong shape with a substantially horizontal axis (13X) and with a trapezoidal section in a plane perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X).

With respect to the horizontal plane of the first part (12) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1), the projection (13U) has two oblique lateral surfaces (13F, 13G) and a substantially horizontal surface (13A) located between the upper edges (13H, 13I) of the two sloping side surfaces (13F, 13G), the inclination of the two sloping side surfaces (13F, 13G) being such that, along a vertical section perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X), the width (B1) of the trapezoidal section along the horizontal surface (13A) of the projection (13U) is smaller than the width (B2) of the trapezoidal section along the horizontal plane of the top surface (12A) of the first part (12).

The passage system (16) comprises a pipe (18) which is connected to the inner chamber (17) and which runs through an outer wall (11d) of the water tank (WT) so that water from the inner chamber (17) flows out of the water tank (WT) can flow out.

The second part (3) comprises a porous section (13Z) in the bottom (10) under the projection (13U).

The water tank has a movable cover (50) with a first supply opening or access opening (51) for the first buffer zone (BF1) and a second supply opening or access opening (52) for the second buffer zone (BF2).

• 6A: Durchfluss von Regenwasser (W1) durch das Einlasssystem (2) in der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) und dessen teilweiser Ableitung (W2) durch einen porösen Teil (13) (damit das Wasser in die Bodenschicht unter dem Tank infiltriert werden kann). Der Wasserstand in der ersten Pufferzone (BF1) steigt an, bis er das Auslassniveau oder den Überlaufniveau (P1) erreicht (siehe 6B)

How the water tank works 2 is as follows:

• 6A : Flow of rainwater (W1) through the inlet system (2) in the first buffer zone (BF1) and its partial drainage (W2) through a porous part (13) (to allow the water to infiltrate into the soil layer under the tank). The water level in the first buffer zone (BF1) rises until it reaches the outlet level or overflow level (P1) (see 6B )

If additional rainwater flows into the first buffer zone (BF1), part of it (W4) will flow through the outlet opening (21) into the second buffer system (BF2) (see 6C ).

Due to the inflow of additional rainwater in BF1, the water level in the second buffer zone BF2 is also increased. A part of the water (W3) from the second buffer zone is diverted into a stream by the water discharge braking system (15) ( 6D ). The water level is allowed to rise in the second buffer zone (BF2) until it reaches the exit opening (3). Part of the rainwater (W5) can then run through the opening (3) into the stream (see 6E ).

As soon as the flow of fresh rainwater (W1) has stopped in the first buffer zone (BF1), water no longer flows through the outlet opening (21) and through the outlet opening or second overflow opening (3). The water then accumulates in the buffer zones (BF1) and (BF2) and can be pumped out for various purposes, e.g. B. for watering plants, using water for toilets, washing machines, etc.

The water level in the buffer zones is also slowly falling, by soil infiltration (W2) (via a porous element 13) and by water discharge (W3) into the stream (via the passage system 16).

According to the invention, the tank can effectively curb the outflow of rainwater, which is beneficial to overcome flooding problems. During the dry season, the water can be drained from both buffer zones (BF1, BF2), which means that the water level in the buffer zone can be slowly lowered. In order to collect rainwater (e.g. storm rainwater), the a free buffer volume is created in the following way ( 6F ).

7 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment, which is the embodiment of FIG 1 and 2 is similar.

In the second embodiment, the first partial wall (20) has a water-permeable part (20D) which is at least partially made of a water-permeable concrete, with water between the first buffer zone (BF1) and the second buffer zone (BF2) through the above mentioned water-permeable part (20D) of the partial wall (20), wherein the water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) is at least partially below the second outlet level (P2) (e.g. at the level higher than the level the upper surface (13A) of the water-permeable part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1)).

The above water permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) has a total water permeability which is between the total water permeability of the passage system (15) and the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1).

The total water permeability of the water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) is measured in that, after the passage system (16) has been sealed, the second buffer zone (BF2) is filled with water up to the second outlet level (P2) with the first buffer zone (BF1) empty , and then the amount of water is determined that flows from the second buffer zone (BF2) through the partial wall (20) into the first buffer zone (BF1) in 30 seconds.

In the second embodiment, the water of the first buffer zone (BF1) flows partially through the water-permeable part of the partition (20) at a water level which is below the water level (P1) of the outlet opening (21).

9 12 is a plan view of a third embodiment of a water tank according to the present invention, which is similar to the embodiments of FIGS 1 and 7 is similar.

In the third embodiment, the water tank (WT) comprises a second partial wall (30) to define a sedimentation zone (BZ) in the water tank (WT), the water tank (WT) having an inlet (31) to collect polluted water or rainwater to allow the sedimentation zone (BZ) to flow, the second partial wall (30) comprising an overflow system (32) which forms the inlet system (2) for the first buffer zone (BF1).

The sedimentation zone (BZ) comprises a flexible, water-permeable filter container (40) which is removably mounted in the sedimentation zone (BZ).

The flexible, water-permeable filter container (40) has a bottom (40B) and at least one side wall (40C) with a free top edge (40D), the side wall (40C) having a top part (40C1) along the top edge, the top said upper part (40C1) at least one side wall (40 C) with a water permeability that is greater than the water permeability of the bottom (40 B) and the part (40C2) of the at least one side wall (40C) adjacent to the bottom (40 B ) is arranged, includes.

The upper edge (40 D) of the at least one side wall of the filter container is arranged at a level (P3) which is higher than the inlet level (P0).

The sedimentation zone (BZ) forms a third buffer zone for the water tank. The filter canister (40) may be fitted with a lid or float (40F) to prevent liquids or particles with a density less than 1kg/litre from flowing over the top rim (40D) of the canister. The container can be supported by a grid (41) so that the bottom (40B) of the container (40) is spaced from the bottom (10) of the tank.

The invention also relates to a water installation which comprises (a) a water tank according to the invention and (b) a sedimentation tank which is provided with an inlet (60) for collecting water and with an outlet pipe (61) for circulating the water from the sedimentation tank direct the intake system (2) into the first buffer zone (BF1) of the water tank.

Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of a water tank according to the invention, along a watercourse, a sewage system or a river, to buffer polluted water or rainwater before the water partially flows into the watercourse or the sewage system or the canal or the river, the water is collected in the first buffer zone (BF1) before partially flowing into the second buffer zone (BF2), water from the first buffer zone (BF1) flowing through the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) of the floor (12) at least into the Layer of earth under the bottom of the water tank can flow, while the water flowing into the second buffer zone (BF2) drains via the passage system (16) into the water stream, or into the sewage system, or into the sewer, or into the river.

• - einen zumindest teilweise flexiblen, wasserdurchlässigen Behälter (40), der herausnehmbar in der Wanne (1) angebracht ist, wobei der Behälter (40) zumindest eine obere Öffnung (40O) sowie einen zumindest teilweise wasserdurchlässigen Boden (40B) und eine zumindest teilweise wasserdurchlässige Seitenwand (40C) aufweist, um ein Innenvolumen (BV) zum Zweck der Sammlung von Feststoffpartikeln (D) mit einer Größe von 1 mm oder mehr zu definieren, wobei die Wasserdurchlässigkeit des zumindest teilweise wasserdurchlässigen Bodens (40B) und der zumindest teilweise wasserdurchlässigen Seitenwand (40C) so ausgebildet ist, das ein Passieren von Feststoffpartikeln (D) mit einer Größe von 1 mm oder mehr verhindert wird.

In the third embodiment, the water-permeable filter system (40) comprises at least:

• - an at least partially flexible, water-permeable container (40) which is removably mounted in the tub (1), the container (40) having at least one top opening (40O) and an at least partially water-permeable bottom (40B) and an at least partially water-permeable side wall (40C) to define an internal volume (BV) for the purpose of collecting solid particles (D) with a size of 1 mm or more, the water permeability of the at least partially water-permeable bottom (40B) and the at least partially water-permeable side wall ( 40C) is formed in such a way that passage of solid particles (D) with a size of 1 mm or more is prevented.

The tub (1) of the water tank according to the invention is provided with a support system (80) for the at least partially flexible, water-permeable container (40), which supports the bottom (40B) of the at least partially water-permeable container (40) from the underside (90) of the sedimentation zone (BZ) to form a free zone (50) between the bottom (10) of the sedimentation zone and the bottom (40B) of the at least partially flexible water-permeable container (40), so that at least part of the filtered water (WF) is collected can be. The support system of the container (40) has, for example, a support grid (41) and outriggers (42).

The water tank according to the third embodiment has a rectilinear shape so that it is easy to use and that the plastic particles can be easily taken out even in a removable container without the risk of losing the plastic particles collected in the container.

The water tank (WT) is provided with a cover (16) (e.g. concrete cover) which ensures that there is at least one supply opening (53) which is dimensioned in such a way that vertical lifting of the at least partially flexible water-permeable container (40) can be done from the outside of the tub. In this way, a container (40) with waste particles (D) can easily be replaced with an empty container. This means there is no loss of time during water treatment.

The at least partially flexible, water-permeable container (40) is, for example, a bag, such as a sandbag or a "big bag" of 1 m ³ or more (e.g. a bag that is usually intended for transporting sand), the internal volume (BV) of which is an im Has a substantially square cross-section. The sack or big bag (40) has a substantially square top opening (40O), the top opening (40O) being connected with at least two straps, each strap extending between two corners of the substantially square opening (40O). Each band can thus make a connection between two corners of the top opening (40O).

The water tank of the present invention can be placed in ditches, canals, etc. to control the flow of water in the ditches or canals while allowing passage of vehicles, people and bicycles on the cover of the water tank.

Claims (18)

Water tank (WT) which is at least partially submersible in the ground or in the ground, the water tank has at least the capacity to treat polluted water or rainwater (W1) that is essentially free of solid components with a density of more than 1.1 kg /litre, the water tank (WT) having at least: - a trough (1) with a base (10) which is designed to be in contact with the ground, and at least one side wall (11a, 11b, 11c, 11d ), which is designed to be at least partially in contact with the ground or a layer of soil, - a first partial wall (20) that divides the water tank (WT) into at least one first buffer zone (BF1) with a first water buffer volume of at least 500 liters, and a second buffer zone (BF2) with a second water buffer volume of at least 500 liters, the first buffer zone (BF1) being provided with an inlet system (2) through which the polluted sewage or rainwater above a minimum inlet level (P0) in the first buffer zone (BF1) can flow, the first partial wall (20) being provided with a first outlet system (21) through which water can flow from the first buffer zone (BF1) into the second buffer zone (BF2), the outlet system ( 21) is arranged at a first outlet level (P1) below the inlet level (P0) of the first buffer zone (BF1), the second buffer zone (BF2) being provided with a second outlet system (3) through which the water of the second buffer zone (BF2 ) can flow out of the second buffer zone (BF2), the second outlet system (3) being arranged at a second outlet level (P2) below the first outlet level (P1), the bottom (10) of the water tank (WT) located in the first buffer zone (BF1), in (a) a first non-water-permeable concrete part (12) with a first surface of non-porous concrete (12A), which faces the first buffer zone (BF1), whereby no water can flow from the first buffer zone (BF1) through this first non-water-permeable concrete part (12) towards the ground or soil, and (b) a second water-permeable and porous concrete part ( 13), which is designed for water flow from the first buffer zone (BF1) through the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) towards the ground or soil, the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) having an upper side porous concrete (13A) facing the first buffer zone (BF1) and located at least 10 cm above the non-porous concrete surface (12A), the porous concrete top (13A) of the second part (13) having a surface area facing the first buffer zone of at least 200 cm ² , the second buffer zone (BF2) being provided along its bottom with a water run-off braking system (15) comprising a passage system (16) made of at least one porous concrete and/or therewith the passage system (16) defining an internal chamber (17) to collect water from the second buffer zone (BF2) flowing through the porous concrete of the passage system (16), the passage system (16) having an outlet system or outlet means (18) for discharging the water flowing through the porous concrete of the passageway system (16) into the inner chamber (17), the passageway system (16) made of at least one porous concrete having an upper portion (16A). a porous concrete having a top surface of at least 100 cm ² located at least 100 cm (H) below the second outlet level (P2), wherein at least the upper portion (16A) made of the porous concrete of the passage system (16) is made of a set, porous, drainage concrete, which is prepared by curing a mixture of at least cement, aggregate having a particle size of 6 mm to 14 mm and water to an open pore volume of 8 to 12% in the set drainage and porous concrete to achieve, wherein the hardened, draining and porous concrete has a water permeability of 0.05 l/m ² /s to 5 l/m ² /s, preferably from 0.1 l/m ² /s to 3 l/m ² / s, and most preferably between 1.1 l/m ² /s to 1 l/m ² /s, said water permeability of the set, draining and porous concrete being measured by the second buffer zone (BF2) having an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) is filled with water up to the second outlet level (P2), and then the amount of water is determined that in 30 seconds through the porous concrete of the passage system (16) and its made of porous concrete upper section (16A) into the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16). water tank after claim 1 , characterized in that the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) has a water permeability of 1 l/m ² /s to 10 l/m ² /s, preferably from 2 l/m ² /s to 8 l/m ² /s , and ideally between 3 l/m ² /s and 6 l/m ² /s, the water permeability of the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) being measured by filling the first buffer zone (BF1) with an empty soil collection chamber ( LO) under the second part (13) is filled with water up to the first outlet level (P1), and then the amount of water that flows through the second part (13) into the bottom collection chamber (LO) in 30 seconds is determined. water tank after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) is greater than the total water permeability of the upper section (16A) of the passage system (16), the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1) is measured by filling the first buffer zone (BF1) with an empty bottom collection chamber (LO) under the second part (13) up to the first outlet level (P1) with water, and then determining the amount of water that is in 30 Seconds flows through the second part (13) into the bottom collection chamber (LO), while the total water permeability of the passage system (16) is measured by connecting the second buffer zone (BF2) with an empty inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) up to second outlet level (P2) is filled with water, and then the amount of water is determined that in 30 seconds through the porous concrete of the passage system (16) and its upper section (16A) made of porous concrete into the inner chamber (17) of the passage system (16) flows. Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) is at least twice the total water permeability of the passage system (16). Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) is between 3 and 10 times greater than the total water permeability of the passage system (16). Water tank according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second part (13) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1) has a projection (13U) with respect to the surface (12A) of the first part (12) of the bottom of the first buffer zone ( BF 1) forms. Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the projection (13U) has an oblong shape with a substantially horizontal axis (13X) and with a rectangular or trapezoidal section in a plane perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X). Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the projection (13U) has a trapezoidal section in a plane perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X). Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the projection (13U) in the horizontal position with respect to the first part (12) of the bottom of the first buffer zone (BF1), (a) two oblique lateral faces (13F, 13G) and ( b) a substantially horizontal surface (13A) extending between the top edges (13H, 13I) of the two sloping side surfaces (13F, 13G), the inclination of the two sloping side surfaces (13F, 13G) being such that along a vertical section perpendicular to the substantially horizontal axis (13X), the width (B1) of the trapezoidal section along the horizontal surface (13A) of the projection (13U) is smaller than the width (B2) of the trapezoidal section along the horizontal plane of the Surface (12A) of the first part (12). water tank after claim 3 , characterized in that the first partial wall (20) has a water-permeable part (20D) which is at least partly made of water-permeable concrete, whereby water between the first buffer zone (BF1 ) and the second buffer zone (BF2), wherein the water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) is at least partially located below that of the second outlet level (P2), the above-mentioned water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall ( 20) has a total water permeability between the total water permeability of the passage system (16) and the total water permeability of the second part (13) of the first buffer zone (BF1), wherein the total water permeability of the water-permeable part (20D) of the first partial wall (20) is measured in that after Sealing of the passage system (16), the second buffer zone (BF2) is filled with water up to the second outlet level (P2) when the first buffer zone (BF1) is empty, and then the amount of water that flows through from the second buffer zone (BF2) in 30 seconds is determined the partial wall (20) flows into the first buffer zone (BF1). Water tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the passage system (16) comprises a pipe (18) which is connected to the inner chamber (17) and which runs through a wall (11d) of the water tank (WT), this Line (18) for the flow of water from the inner chamber (17) out of the water tank (WT) is formed. Water tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water tank (WT) comprises a second partial wall (30) in order to define a sedimentation zone (BZ) in the water tank (WT), the water tank (WT) comprising an inlet (31). to allow polluted water or rainwater to flow into the sedimentation zone (BZ), the second partial wall (30) comprising an overflow system (32) forming the inlet system (2) for the first buffer zone (BF1). Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the sedimentation zone (BZ) comprises a flexible, water-permeable filter container (40) which is removably mounted in the sedimentation zone (BZ). Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the flexible, water-permeable filter container (40) has a base (40B) and at least one side wall (40C) with a free upper edge (40D), the at least one side wall (40C) having an upper part (40C1) along the top edge, wherein the aforesaid top part (40C1) of the at least one side wall (40C) has a water permeability greater than the water permeability of the bottom (40B) and the water permeability of a part (40C2) of the at least one side wall (40C) positioned adjacent to the base (40B). Water tank according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the top edge of the at least one side wall (40C) is at the level which is higher than the inlet level (P0). Water tank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water tank has a removable cover (50) for a supply opening or a manhole (51, 52, 53). Water installation comprising at least (a) a water tank according to any one of the preceding claims with an inlet system for water (2) and (b) a sedimentation tank (BZT) having (b1) an inlet (60) to collect water, and (b2) an outlet line (61) to direct water from the sedimentation tank (BZT) through the inlet system (2) into the first buffer zone (BF1) of the water tank. Use of a water tank according to any one of the preceding Claims 1 until 16 along a watercourse, sewage system or river to buffer polluted water or rainwater before the water partly flows into the watercourse or sewage system or canal or river, the water being collected in the first buffer zone (BF1) before part of it flows into the second buffer zone (BF2), with water from the first buffer zone (BF1) flowing through the second water-permeable and porous concrete part (13) of the floor (12) at least into the ground or into a layer of soil under the floor of the Water tanks can flow, while the water flowing into the second buffer zone (BF2) drains via the passage system (16) into the water stream, or into the sewage system, or into the sewer, or into the river.

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