JP2002210863A - Method for manufacturing composite cement cured body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a cement cured body for easily building a large-sized structure which creates best-suited environments for the proliferation of the underwater life and is of a high strength. SOLUTION: The base and side of a form 2 are internally lined with a porous cement cured body 1 of a specified shape. Next, a ready mixed concrete is deposited in the form 2 and is cured to a specified strength to form a concrete part 3. After that, the form 2 is released to obtain a composite cement cured body 4 which is composed of the porous cement cured body 1 having a continuous void formed internally and the concrete part 3, joined together. The part near the surface of the composite cement cured body 4 is formed of the porous cement cured body 1, so that the best-suited environments for the proliferation of the underwater life can be created. In addition, as most of the composite cement cured body 4 is formed of concrete, it is possible to build a large-sized structure of a high strength.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a hardened composite cement in which a hardened porous cement having continuous voids therein and a hardened non-porous cement are integrally joined. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, seawall or riverbank revetment facilities,
Various types of blocks are used as mooring facilities, mooring blocks, covering blocks, wave-dissipating blocks, and the like. As such blocks, concrete blocks are widely used because they are inexpensive and easy to mass-produce.

[0003] In recent years, from the viewpoint of nature conservation, the vicinity of the coast or riverside has been made an environment suitable for the inhabitation of living organisms such as microorganisms, small animals, plants, and the like. Attempts have been made to improve the environment. However, conventional concrete blocks are not suitable for inhabiting underwater creatures. That is, in the conventional concrete block,
Organisms cannot penetrate the interior, and it is also very difficult to attach or stay on the surface.

[0004] Therefore, as a material suitable for such a block or the like, a porous cement hardened body having continuous voids therein has been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-221).
371). If a block is formed from such a hardened porous cement, organisms can enter the block, and organisms can easily adhere or stay on the block surface.

[0005]

However, since such a conventional hardened porous cement has relatively low durability, there is a problem that a structure such as a block manufactured using the same has insufficient strength. is there. For this reason, when it is arranged on the shore, there is a possibility that the block may be damaged due to impact by waves or the like. In addition, when it is placed on the river bank, there is a possibility that the block may be damaged by the water flow at the time of rising water.
In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to fabricate a structure such as a large block using a hardened porous cement.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can create an environment suitable for propagation of living things near a coast or a river bank, and is excellent in strength or durability. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a hardened cement body that can easily construct a large-sized structure.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the first aspect of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, comprises: (i) a hardened porous cement having continuous voids inside; And a non-porous cement hardened body are integrally bonded (or an integrated structure) to produce a hardened composite cement body, and (ii) a predetermined shape prepared (or formed) in advance. (Iii) disposing a hardened porous cement having a block shape, a plate shape, or the like so as to line at least a part (for example, a bottom surface and / or a side surface) of an inner surface of the mold; After placing a cement composition (for example, ready-mixed concrete) on the
The cement composition was cured (or hardened) to a predetermined strength to form a hardened non-porous cement, and (iv) the mold was removed to obtain a hardened composite cement. It is characterized by the following.

[0008] According to this method for producing a hardened composite cement, a composite cement having an integral structure in which a hardened porous cement and a hardened non-porous cement are combined using a conventionally used mold. The hardened body, that is, at least a part of the outer surface, a portion having a predetermined thickness (not necessarily constant) from the outer surface is formed of a hardened porous cement, and the other portion is formed of a hardened nonporous cement. The cured composite cement can be easily manufactured at low cost.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement body, a hardened porous cement body having irregularities (or undulations) formed on a surface to be brought into contact with a mold (at the time of casting a cement composition) is used. preferable. In this case, the area of the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement constituting the hardened composite cement (per unit volume of the hardened porous cement) is increased, and the effect of promoting the propagation of organisms to be described later is extremely increased.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement body, it is preferable to use a hardened porous cement body having irregularities (or undulations) formed on a surface to be brought into contact with the cement composition. By doing so, the bonding strength (adhesion strength) between the hardened porous cement and the hardened non-porous cement, that is, the integrity of the hardened composite cement can be enhanced.

[0011] In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the second aspect of the present invention, (i) the hardened porous cement having continuous voids therein and the hardened non-porous cement are integrally joined. (Ii) pouring a porous cement composition to a predetermined height in a mold, and then curing the porous cement composition to obtain a cured porous cement body. (Iii) after casting the cement composition into a mold, curing (or curing) the cement composition to a predetermined strength to form a non-porous cement hardened body, and (iv) ) The composite mold is obtained by removing the formwork to obtain a cured composite cement.

[0012] In this method for producing a hardened composite cement, as in the case of the manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the present invention, the hardened porous cement and non-hardened porous cement are formed using a conventionally used mold. It is possible to easily produce at low cost a composite cement hardened body having an integral structure formed by bonding the porous cement hardened body.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement, the process of curing the porous cement composition or the hardened porous cement is performed while the hardened porous cement composition is being formed to form the hardened porous cement. It is preferable to form irregularities (or undulations) on the surface to be brought into contact with the cement composition. In addition, instead of or in addition to the formation of such irregularities, before the porous cement composition is hardened, the hardened porous cement and the hardened non-porous cement are (stronger).
A coupling member for coupling may be provided in the mold.
In any case, the bonding strength between the hardened porous cement and the hardened non-porous cement is increased.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement, it is preferable to use a mold having irregularities formed on the surface to be brought into contact with the porous cement composition. In this case, since the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement constituting the hardened composite cement has irregularities, the area of the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement becomes large, and the effect of promoting the propagation of organisms is extremely high. Become higher.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the slump value is 5
It is preferred to use a cement composition (e.g., ready-mixed concrete) of ~ 12 cm. That is, it is preferable that the cement composition has a relatively low fluidity (slightly hard). The fluidity of the cement composition is too high (large slump value)
This is because, when the cement composition is poured into a mold, the cement composition may block continuous voids of the cured porous cement.

The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that (i) a hardened porous cement having continuous voids therein and a hardened nonporous cement are integrally joined. (Ii) casting a cement composition to a predetermined height in a mold, then curing the cement composition to form a non-porous cement cured product, (Iii) After pouring the porous cement composition into a mold, curing (or curing) the porous cement composition to a predetermined strength to form a cured porous cement body, and (iv) ) The method is characterized in that the formwork is removed to obtain a hardened composite cement.

In this method for producing a cured composite cement,
As in the case of the production method according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the hardened porous cement and the hardened nonporous cement are combined using a conventionally used mold. A composite cement hardened body having an integral structure can be easily manufactured at low cost.

In the hardened composite cement, the cement composition or the hardened non-porous cement composition is hardened to form the hardened non-porous cement body by curing the cement composition. It is preferable to form irregularities (or undulations) on the surface to be brought into contact with the substrate. Also,
Instead of or in addition to the formation of such irregularities, before the cement composition is hardened, a joining member for joining the non-porous cement hardened body and the porous cement hardened body is arranged in the mold. You may. In any case, the bonding strength between the non-porous cement hardened body and the porous cement hardened body is increased.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement, the porous cement composition or the hardened porous cement is cured while the hardened porous cement composition is formed by curing the porous cement composition. However, it is preferable to form irregularities (or undulations) on the surface that is not in contact with the non-porous cement hardened body. In this case, the area of the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement constituting the hardened composite cement becomes large, and the effect of promoting the propagation of organisms becomes extremely high.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the first aspect, the aggregates are bonded with a cement-containing joining material, and at least 10% by weight of the aggregate contains at least 10% by weight of iron. A cemented cement paste or cement mortar solidified material is filled as a bonding material in a part of the gap between the aggregates, and a hardened porous cement body in which the aggregates are bonded to each other by the solidified material is used. Is preferred. The aggregates are bonded with a cement-containing joining material, and the aggregate is gravel, crushed stone, or slag, and powder containing at least 20% by weight of iron element as a joining material in a part of the gap between the aggregates Solidified cement paste mixed with cement or a cement mortar mixed with sand-like material containing at least 20% by weight of iron element, and the aggregates are bonded together by the solidified material. A cured product may be used.

In any case, the solidified material is preferably filled in 20 to 75% of the voids between the aggregates. The cement paste or cement mortar preferably contains a pozzolanic or organic admixture, water, cement and a chemical admixture. The pozzolanic admixture or the organic admixture suppresses elution of free lime from the hardened porous cement and increases the strength of the hardened porous cement. The chemical admixture promotes the dispersion of the solid particles in the cement paste or cement mortar during the production of the hardened porous cement. The pozzolanic admixture preferably contains at least one of activated silica, activated alumina, and slag fine powder. The organic admixture preferably contains at least one of a polymer emulsion, a cellulose-based organic material, and an acrylic-based organic material. The chemical admixture is preferably a high-performance water reducing agent or a high-performance AE (Air Entraining) water reducing agent.

In these cases, since an iron-based aggregate having a high specific gravity is used, the bulk specific gravity of the cured porous cement is increased. Also, since the porous cement hardened body contains an iron element, for example, when this is placed (immersed) in water,
It will promote the attachment of seaweeds and provide a habitat for a variety of organisms, including the development of seaweed beds.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the first aspect, a hardened porous cement in which single fibers are mixed or in which a single layer or a plurality of layers of continuous fibers are provided may be used. The single fiber or the continuous fiber is preferably made of at least one of a metal fiber material, an inorganic fiber material, and a polymer fiber material. By doing so, the strength of the cured porous cement, and hence the cured composite cement, can be increased.

[0024] In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the first embodiment, the hardened porous cement containing the fertilizer-impregnated powdery granules impregnated with the fertilizer and / or the particulate fertilizer coated on the surface is included. It is preferred to use a body. The particulate fertilizer and / or the fertilizer-impregnated powder has a particle size of 0.001.
It is preferably from 30 to 30 mm, more preferably from 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the cement. In this way, the propagation of plants (algae) and the like in or around the hardened composite cement is promoted.

Here, as the granular fertilizer, for example, a fertilizer made of a chemical fertilizer, a chemical fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, or the like, and the surface thereof is coated with an organic or inorganic material can be used. it can. Powdery fertilizers include nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and silicon, or magnesium, iron, nickel, zinc, manganese, cobalt, boron, molybdenum, copper, and sulfur to promote the growth of plants (algae) and the like. And the like may be added. Further, an organic fertilizer may be added. These additives may be selected according to the type of plant to be grown and the like.

As the coating material for the particulate fertilizer, it is preferable to use a resin or the like which has appropriate alkali resistance, does not hinder the growth of living organisms such as plants, and can be decomposed by microorganisms. For example, a polymerizable or polycondensable synthetic resin soluble in a thermoplastic or organic solvent (eg, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester resin, urethane resin, etc.), resin emulsion (alkyl acrylate resin emulsion, styrene / acrylic copolymer) Resin emulsion, etc.), rubber latex (eg, styrene / butadiene copolymer resin latex, acrylonitrile / butadiene copolymer resin latex, etc.), water-soluble resin (eg, urea resin, melanin resin, etc.) can be used.

When the coating material is formed of such a resin, the resin layer may be a single layer or a multilayer having a plurality of types of resins. In addition, powder and granular fertilizer
A mixture of a plurality of types of fertilizers each coated with a different type of resin at a desired ratio may be used. In the above resin, silica, calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin,
An inorganic substance such as diatomaceous earth may be added.

In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the first aspect, it is preferable to use a hardened porous cement containing zeolite. The zeolite may be contained alone or in the form of a mixture with other components. The zeolite may be contained in the particulate fertilizer or the fertilizer-impregnated powder. If it does in this way, the component which reduces the intensity | strength of a hardened porous cement (for example, alkali metal ion etc.)
Is adsorbed on the zeolite, so that the strength of the cured porous cement is increased. Further, when the hardened composite cement is placed in water, a component (for example, a heavy metal ion or the like) that interferes with the growth and habitation of living organisms is adsorbed on the zeolite, so that the growth and habitation of living organisms are promoted. .

[0029] In the method for producing a hardened composite cement according to the second or third aspect, the porous cement composition is cured to obtain various kinds of materials used in the method for manufacturing a hardened composite cement according to the first aspect. It is preferable to use a cured product having the same characteristics as the cured porous cement. With this configuration, the same effect as that of the method for producing a cured composite cement according to the first embodiment can be obtained.

In any of the above methods for producing a hardened composite cement, the thickness of the hardened porous cement is 5 mm.
Preferably set to ~ 100cm, 10-70cm
Is more preferably set to 20 to 40 cm. The thickness of the cured porous cement does not need to be constant (of course, may be constant).

Each of the hardened composite cements manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the first to third aspects has a predetermined thickness (for example, 5 to 100 cm, 10 to 70 cm or 2 cm).
(The thickness is in the range of 0 to 40 cm) and the porous cement hardened body having continuous voids inside is exposed, and thus the composite cement hardened body is immersed in water near the shore or riverbank, for example. Occasionally, organisms can easily penetrate into the hardened porous cement body, or can adhere or adsorb to the surface of the hardened porous cement body.
Therefore, it is possible to promote the propagation of organisms in the vicinity of the hardened composite cement.

Further, since most of the hardened composite cement is formed of a non-porous hardened cement having high strength or high durability, the hardened or hardened composite cement has high strength or high durability, and large blocks or the like can be obtained. Can easily be manufactured.

These hardened composite cements have high strength or durability and are suitable for constructing a large-sized structure having a desired shape. For this reason, a large L-shaped block, a cellular block, a square block, a multi-legged block, an upright block, and the like, which can be used as a solidification block, a covering block, a wave-dissipating block, and the like with the composite cement hardened body, for example. Can be built.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below. First, a method for manufacturing a composite cement hardened body using a previously formed (manufactured) porous cement hardened body (hereinafter, referred to as a “first (hardened composite cement) manufacturing method”) will be described. As shown in FIG. 1A, in the first manufacturing method, first, a plurality of plate-shaped (or block-shaped) porous cement hardened bodies 1 (or blocks) whose spreading surface (surface having the largest area) is rectangular are formed. Prepare porous concrete). These porous cement cured products 1
Has a continuous void therein. The specific structure or configuration of the cured porous cement body 1 will be described later.

Then, the bottom surface and the side surfaces (inside) of the rectangular box-shaped formwork 2 whose upper side is opened are lined with a plurality of hardened porous cement bodies 1. That is, each of the hardened porous cement bodies 1 is arranged such that one of the expanding surfaces abuts on the bottom surface or the side surface of the mold 2. Next, a slump value (JIS A 1101) of 5 to 12
cm of fresh concrete (cement composition) with relatively low fluidity (slightly harder). As described above, the use of ready-mixed concrete having relatively low fluidity is because if the fluidity of ready-mixed concrete is too high (slump value is large),
This is because the ready-mixed concrete may block continuous voids in the hardened porous cement 1 at the time of setting the ready-mixed concrete. Then, the ready-mixed concrete poured into the formwork 2 is cured (solidified) until it reaches a predetermined strength to form a concrete portion 3 (a non-porous cement hardened body).

Thereafter, the mold 2 is removed from the mold, and the mold is turned upside down. As shown in FIG. 1B, the porous cement hardened body 1 having continuous voids therein and the concrete portion 3 (non-porous To obtain a composite cement hardened body 4 which is integrally bonded with the cement hardened body). In addition, the thickness of the plate-shaped cured porous cement 1 is set to about 5 to 100 cm (or 5 to 70 cm) according to the size of the cured composite cement 4. According to the first method for producing a hardened composite cement, a composite cement having a monolithic structure in which a hardened porous cement 1 and a concrete part 3 are joined using a mold 2 conventionally used. The cured body 4 can be easily manufactured at low cost.

By the way, in the specific examples shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, a hardened porous cement 1 having both flat surfaces is used. However, it is preferable to use the hardened porous cement body 1 in which irregularities (undulations) are formed on both spread surfaces. For example, as shown in FIGS.
It is preferable to use the hardened porous cement 1 in which irregularities are formed on the spread surface 1a to be brought into contact with the ready-mixed concrete and the spread surface 1b to be brought into contact with the formwork 2. By doing so, the bonding strength (adhesion strength) between the hardened porous cement body 1 and the concrete portion 3, that is, the integrality of the hardened composite cement body 4, is enhanced by the unevenness of the spread surface 1a. In addition, due to the unevenness of the spread surface 1b, the area of the exposed surface of the cured porous cement body 1 (per unit volume of the cured porous cement body) is increased, and the effect of promoting the propagation of organisms to be described later is extremely increased.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the shape of the mold 2 (space) or the shape (outer shape) of the hardened composite cement 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped. Needless to say, something is good. For example, FIG.
By using a mold 2 ′ having a space having a cross shape as shown in FIG. 3A, a cross-shaped composite cement cured product 4 ′ as shown in FIG. 3B can be obtained.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), only a part of the bottom surface or side surface of the mold 1 is lined with the hardened porous cement 1, but the entire bottom surface or side surface is covered. May be lined with the cured porous cement 1. Further, in the specific examples shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the formwork 2 whose upper side is open is used, but the formwork whose upper side is closed is used (or the formwork whose upper side is open). With lid),
The upper surface (ceiling surface) of the mold may be lined with the cured porous cement 1.

The composite cement cured product 4 shown in FIG.
(Alternatively, the hardened composite cement 4 ′ shown in FIG. 3 (b))
For example, when immersed in water as a consolidation block, a covering block, or the like, they are arranged so that the surface formed only by the concrete part 3 faces down (arrangement form shown in FIG. 1B). Since the surface of the composite cement hardened body 4 which is in contact with the water bottom is originally in a state where living organisms are difficult to inhabit, even if the surface provided with the porous cement hardened body 1 is arranged here, it does not contribute much to the propagation of living organisms. It is.

Hereinafter, a method of producing a hardened composite cement using a porous cement composition without using a previously manufactured (formed) hardened porous cement 1 (hereinafter referred to as “second (hardened composite cement)” ) Manufacturing method ”). As shown in FIG. 4 (a), in the second manufacturing method, first, the mold 2 is filled with the porous cement to a predetermined height (that is, the thickness of the cured porous cement to be formed). The composition 5 is cast. The specific configuration of the porous cement composition will be described later. Then, the porous cement composition 5 is hardened to form a hardened porous cement body 6 having continuous voids therein (see FIG. 4C). The hardened porous cement 6 (porous concrete) has substantially the same structure or configuration as the hardened porous cement 1 used in the first method for manufacturing a hardened composite cement.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4B, a slump value (JISA 1101) of 5 to 5
A 12 cm ready-mixed concrete 7 (cement composition) is cast. The reason why the ready-mixed concrete having such a slump value is used is the same as in the case of the first method for producing a hardened composite cement. Then, the ready-mixed concrete 7 cast into the formwork 2 is cured (solidified) until it reaches a predetermined strength, and a concrete portion 8 (a non-porous cement hardened body) is formed.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
Is cured and turned upside down to form a hardened composite cement body 9 in which a hardened porous cement body 6 having continuous voids therein and a concrete portion 8 (hardened nonporous cement body) are integrally joined. Get. The cured porous cement 6
Is 5 to 5 depending on the size of the cured composite cement 9.
It is set to about 100 cm (or 5 to 70 cm). According to the second method for producing a hardened composite cement, a conventionally used mold 2 is used to join a hardened porous cement 6 and a concrete section 8 to form a monolithic composite cement. The cured body 9 can be easily manufactured at low cost.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, since the hardened porous cement body 6 and the concrete portion 8 are connected to each other by flat surfaces, the bonding strength is low. Relatively small. Therefore, the porous cement composition 5
In the course of forming the hardened porous cement body 6 by curing the porous cement body 6, irregularities are formed on the surface of the porous cement composition 5 or the hardened porous cement body 6 which is to be brought into contact with the ready-mixed concrete 7, and FIG. As shown in ()), it is preferable that the hardened porous cement body 6 and the concrete portion 8 are connected to each other by the uneven surfaces. By doing so, the hardened porous cement 6
The bonding strength (adhesion strength) between the concrete part 8 and the concrete part 8 is greatly increased. That is, the integrity of the cured composite cement 9 is greatly improved.

Alternatively, before the porous cement composition 5 hardens, a connecting member 10 such as a reinforcing bar is disposed in the mold 2 and
As shown in FIG. 5B, the hardened porous cement body 6 and the concrete portion 8 may be connected via a connecting member 10. Also in this case, the bonding strength (adhesion strength) between the hardened porous cement body 6 and the concrete portion 8 is greatly increased, and the integrity of the hardened composite cement body 9 is greatly improved.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the exposed surface of the cured porous cement body 6 is a flat surface.
However, it is preferable to form irregularities on the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement body 6 constituting the hardened composite cement body 9 by using, for example, a mold having unevenness on the bottom surface. By doing so, the area of the exposed surface of the porous cement hardened body 6 becomes large, and the effect of promoting the propagation of living organisms becomes extremely high.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, the shape of the mold 2 (space) or the shape (outer shape) of the hardened composite cement 9 is a rectangular parallelepiped. Of course, things are fine. For example, FIG.
As shown in (c), if a mold having a space portion having a cross shape is used, a cross-shaped composite cement cured product 9 'can be obtained.
The method of using the composite cement hardened body 9 shown in FIG. 4C (or the composite cement hardened body 9 ′ shown in FIG. 6C), for example, a method of immersing it in water as a consolidation block, a covering block, etc. This is the same as the case of the composite cement hardened body 4 manufactured by the first manufacturing method.

Hereinafter, another method for producing a hardened composite cement using a porous cement composition without using a previously manufactured (formed) hardened porous cement (hereinafter, referred to as “third (composite cement)” A method for producing a cured body) will be described. As shown in FIG.
In the manufacturing method of (1), first, the ready-mixed concrete 11 is poured into the mold 2 to a predetermined height (that is, the thickness of the concrete portion to be formed). In this case, the slump value of the ready-mixed concrete 111 is not particularly limited.

Then, the ready-mixed concrete 11 is hardened to form a concrete portion 12 (see FIG. 7C). Next, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), a porous cement composition 13 is poured into a space inside the mold 2. Then, the porous cement composition 13 thus cast into the mold 2
Is cured (solidified) until a predetermined strength is obtained, to form a cured porous cement body 14 (see FIG. 7C).
The hardened porous cement 14 (porous concrete) has substantially the same structure or configuration as the hardened porous cement 1 used in the first method for manufacturing a hardened composite cement.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
Composite cement in which a hardened porous cement body 14 having continuous voids therein and a concrete portion 12 (hardened non-porous cement body) are integrally bonded. A cured body 15 is obtained. Note that the thickness of the porous cement hardened body 14 is
5 to 100 cm (or 5
７０70 cm). According to the third method for producing a composite cement hardened body, an integrally-structured composite cement hardened body in which a porous cement hardened body 14 and a concrete portion 12 are joined by using a conventionally used mold 2. The body 15 can be easily manufactured at low cost.

By the way, in the concrete example shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, the hardened porous cement 14 and the concrete portion 1 are shown.
2 is connected by flat surfaces, so that the bonding strength is relatively small. Therefore, in the course of hardening the ready-mixed concrete 11 to form the concrete portion 12, irregularities are formed on the surface of the ready-mixed concrete 11 or the concrete portion 12 which is to come into contact with the porous cement composition 13, and FIG.
As shown in (a), it is preferable that the hardened porous cement body 14 and the concrete part 12 are bonded to each other with uneven surfaces. In this way, the bonding strength (adhesion strength) between the cured porous cement body 14 and the concrete portion 12 is greatly increased. That is, the integrity of the composite cement hardened body 15 is greatly improved.

Alternatively, before the ready-mixed concrete 11 is hardened, a connecting member 16 such as a reinforcing bar is disposed in the formwork 2 to
As shown in (b), the hardened porous cement body 14 and the concrete portion 12 may be connected via a connecting member 16. Also in this case, the bonding strength (adhesion strength) between the cured porous cement body 14 and the concrete portion 12 is greatly increased. That is, the composite cement cured product 15
Greatly improves the unity of the

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement 14 is a flat surface. However, it is preferable to form unevenness on the exposed surface of the cured porous cement body 14 constituting the hardened composite cement body 15 by using a lid having unevenness. By doing so, the area of the exposed surface of the hardened porous cement 14 (per unit volume of the hardened porous cement) is increased, and the effect of promoting the propagation of living organisms is extremely increased.

In the specific examples shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, the shape of the mold 2 (space portion) or the cured composite cement 15
Is a rectangular parallelepiped, but this shape can of course be any shape. For example, FIG.
As shown in (a) to (c), the use of a cross-shaped mold 2 'having a space portion provides a cross-shaped composite cement cured product 15'. Note that the composite cement hardened body 15 shown in FIG. 7C (or the composite cement hardened body 1 shown in FIG.
The method of use 5 ′), for example, the method of immersing in a water as a consolidation block, a covering block or the like is the same as the case of the hardened composite cement produced by the first production method.

Hereinafter, the concrete structure or production method of the cured porous cement used in the first production method or the porous cement composition used in the second or third production method will be described. 10 to 15 show the cross-sectional structures of first to sixth hardened porous cement bodies suitable for use in the production of a hardened composite cement body.

(First Hardened Porous Cement Body or Porous Cement Composition) As shown in FIG. 10, the first hardened porous cement body includes iron ore 21 (aggregate), cement paste 22, It has continuous voids 23, and its bulk specific gravity is higher than that of ordinary concrete (2.8).
5). Although not shown, the cement paste 22 contains fertilizer-impregnated powder or granules impregnated with a fertilizer component having a particle diameter of 0.001 to 30 mm in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the cement. Have been. As the aggregate, a mixture of iron ore and ordinary aggregate such as crushed stone or river gravel may be used. In this case, the bulk specific gravity of the hardened porous cement is set to a desired value (2.85 to 1.90) by changing the mixing ratio of iron ore and ordinary aggregate.
Can be adjusted.

This hardened porous cement is produced, for example, by the following procedure. That is, first, blast furnace cement B type (specific gravity: 3.02), tap water, and a high-performance water reducing agent (specific gravity: 1.02) are blended so as to satisfy the following Expressions 1 and 2 ( Parts by weight). W / Cb = 25 (%) ………………………… Formula 1 Ad / Cb = 0.5 (%) ……………………………. Formula 2 Cb: amount of blast furnace cement B class W: amount of tap water Ad: amount of high-performance water reducing agent And fertilizer impregnated with powdery or granular fertilizer or fertilizer component having a particle size of 0.001 to 30 mm The impregnated powder is added in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the amount of the blast furnace cement B.

By this mixing, a cement paste having a flow value of JIS R 5201 of 195 to 205 mm is prepared. Next, this cement paste has a particle size of 1
Iron ore of 3 to 20 mm (specific gravity: 4.83, porosity: 41
%). Here, the filling ratio of the cement paste into the voids is set so as to satisfy the following Expression 3. P / V = 40 (%) Formula 3 V: Volume of void in iron ore P: Volume of cement paste filled in void The mixture may be prepared by mixing all the materials at once. The mixture thus obtained is a porous cement composition.

Then, a mold having a predetermined shape is manufactured using a mixture (porous cement composition) composed of cement paste and iron ore. The mold pieces are subjected to moist curing in the air for one day, followed by curing in water. Thus,
The porosity is about 24.6%, and it is a porous cement hardened body that allows water and air to pass freely. The iron ore surface is almost covered with cement paste,
At the contact point, the iron ore surface may be exposed.

(Second Porous Cement Body or Porous Cement Composition) As shown in FIG. 11, the second hardened porous cement body is composed of crushed stone 24 (aggregate), cement paste mixed with iron oxide powder. 25 and continuous voids 26, the bulk specific gravity of which is lower than the bulk specific gravity of ordinary concrete (1.95). Although not shown, the cement paste 25 contains fertilizer-impregnated powder having a particle diameter of 0.001 to 30 mm or a fertilizer-impregnated powder impregnated with fertilizer components in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the cement. Have been. As the aggregate, a mixture of iron ore and ordinary aggregate such as crushed stone or river gravel may be used. In this case, the bulk specific gravity of the cured porous cement can be adjusted by mixing these aggregates at a predetermined ratio.

The second hardened porous cement is produced, for example, by the following procedure. That is, first, blast furnace cement B type (specific gravity: 3.02), iron oxide powder (specific gravity: 5.12), tap water, and a high-performance water reducing agent (specific gravity: 1.0)
2) is blended so as to satisfy the following formulas 4 to 6 (parts by weight). W / (Cb + F) = 25 (%)... Equation 4 F / (Cb + F) = 30 (%)...... Formula 5 Ad / (Cb + F) = 0.45 (%) Formula 6 Cb: Blast furnace cement B class amount F: Iron oxide powder amount W: Tap water amount Ad: Amount of the high-performance water reducing agent The fertilizer-impregnated powder impregnated with the particulate fertilizer or the fertilizer component having a particle size of 0.001 to 30 mm is 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the amount of the blast furnace cement B type. Is added.

By this blending, a cement paste (binder) having a flow value of JIS R 5201 of 195 to 205 mm is prepared. Next, this cement paste is filled in the voids of crushed stone (specific gravity: 2.70, porosity: 42%) having a particle size of 13 to 20 mm. Here, the filling ratio of the cement paste into the voids is set so as to satisfy the following Expression 7. B / V = 40 (%) ……………………………………………………………… Formula 7 V: Volume of crushed stone voids B: Volume of cement paste filled in voids The mixture may be prepared by mixing all the ingredients at once. The mixture thus obtained is a porous cement composition.

Then, using the mixture (porous cement composition) comprising the cement paste and the crushed stone, a mold piece having a predetermined shape is manufactured. This mold piece has a porosity of 24.6%, and becomes a hardened porous cement which allows water and air to pass freely. The surface of the mold piece is almost covered with the cement paste, and the iron oxide powder mixed with the cement paste (binder) is exposed to the surface and turns reddish brown.

(Third Hardened Porous Cement Body or Porous Cement Composition) As shown in FIG. 12, a third hardened porous cement body is composed of crushed stone 27 (aggregate), iron ore sand-mixed cement mortar. 28 and a continuous gap 29,
The bulk specific gravity becomes a value (2.09) lower than the bulk specific gravity of ordinary concrete. Although not shown, the cement mortar 28 contains fertilizer-impregnated powder or granules impregnated with a fertilizer component having a particle size of 0.001 to 30 mm in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the cement. Have been. In addition,
As the aggregate, a mixture of iron ore and ordinary aggregates such as crushed stone and river gravel may be used. In this case, the bulk specific gravity of the hardened porous cement can be adjusted by changing the ratio of these aggregates.

The third hardened porous cement is produced, for example, by the following procedure. That is, first, blast furnace cement B type (specific gravity: 3.02) and tap water are blended so as to satisfy the following formula 8 (parts by weight). W / Cb = 25 (%) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. A fertilizer-impregnated powder granule impregnated with a granular fertilizer or a fertilizer component of 30 mm is added in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the amount of the blast furnace cement B type.

To the mixture thus prepared, 35% by volume of iron ore sand (specific gravity: 4.83, particle size: 100 to 300 μm) is added. Further, by adding a high-performance water reducing agent (specific gravity 1.02), JIS R 52
Cement mortar (specific gravity: 3.09) having a flow value of 01 to 195 to 205 mm is prepared. Next, this cement mortar is filled in the voids of crushed stone (specific gravity: 2.70, porosity: 42%) having a particle size of 13 to 20 mm.
Here, the filling ratio of the cement mortar into the voids is set so as to satisfy the following equation 9. B / V = 40 (%) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Formula 9 The mixture may be prepared by mixing all the ingredients at once. The mixture thus obtained is a porous cement composition.

Then, using the mixture (porous cement composition) comprising the cement mortar and the crushed stone, a mold piece having a predetermined shape is manufactured. This mold piece has a slightly large porosity of 25.1% due to the bite of sand between the aggregates, and becomes a hardened porous cement that allows water and air to freely pass through. In addition, the surface of the mold piece is covered with cement mortar mixed with iron ore sand, and the mixed iron ore sand is exposed on the surface and turns reddish brown.

(Fourth Hardened Porous Cement Body or Porous Cement Composition) As shown in FIG. 13, the fourth hardened porous cement body comprises iron ore 21 (24, 27) and cement paste 22 ( 25, 28) and the continuous void 23
(26, 29) and carbon fiber 30 (single fiber). Although not shown, the cement paste 22 includes
A fertilizer-impregnated powder or granule impregnated with a powdery fertilizer or a fertilizer component having a particle diameter of 0.001 to 30 mm is added to cement in an amount of 0.001 to 30 mm.
1 to 50% by weight.

The cured porous cement is produced, for example, by the following procedure. That is, first, blast furnace cement B type (specific gravity: 3.02), tap water, and a high-performance water reducing agent (specific gravity: 1.02) are blended so as to satisfy the following Expressions 10 and 11 ( Parts by weight). W / Cb = 25 (%) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ... Formula 11 Cb: amount of blast furnace cement B class W: amount of tap water Ad: amount of high-performance water reducing agent And fertilizer impregnated with powdered fertilizer or fertilizer component having a particle size of 0.001 to 30 mm The impregnated powder is added in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on the amount of the blast furnace cement B.

By this blending, a cement paste (binder) having a flow value according to JIS R 5201 of 195 to 205 mm is prepared. Next, carbon fiber (single fiber, diameter: 14.5 μm, length:
5 mm) is mixed by 5% by volume. Further, this mixture is made of iron ore having a particle size of 13 to 20 mm (specific gravity: 4.83,
(Porosity: 41%). Here, the filling ratio of the cement paste mixed with the carbon fibers into the voids is set so as to satisfy the following equation 12. P / V = 40 (%) Formula 12 V: Volume of void in iron ore P: Volume of cement paste filled in void The mixture may be prepared by mixing all the materials at once. The mixture thus obtained is a porous cement composition.

A mixture of the cement paste and the iron ore (porous cement composition) is used to produce a mold having a predetermined shape. The mold pieces are subjected to moist curing in the air for one day, followed by curing in water. Thus, the mold piece becomes a hardened porous cement that allows free passage of water and air. The hardened porous cement in which the carbon fibers 30 are mixed as described above has increased compressive strength and bending strength.

The fourth hardened porous cement (composition) is substantially a mixture of the first hardened porous cement (composition) and carbon fibers 30 (single fiber). However, even if the carbon fiber 30 is mixed with the second or third hardened porous cement (composition), the compressive strength and the bending strength are similarly increased.

(Fifth Hardened Porous Cement Body or Porous Cement Composition) As described above, the fourth hardened porous cement body (composition) is substantially the first hardened porous cement body (composition). (Composition) and carbon fibers 30 (single fibers). On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 14, the fifth hardened porous cement (composition) is substantially composed of the first hardened porous cement (composition) mixed with continuous carbon fibers 31. (Arranged). Also in this case, the compressive strength and the bending strength are increased as in the case of the fourth cured porous cement (composition) or more. In addition, even if the continuous fiber 31 of carbon is installed in the second or third hardened porous cement (composition), it is needless to say that the compressive strength and the bending strength are similarly increased.

(Sixth Hardened Porous Cement Body or Porous Cement Composition) As shown in FIG. 15, the sixth hardened porous cement body (composition) is the first hardened porous cement body (composition). ), And carbon fibers 30 (single fibers) and carbon continuous fibers 31 are mixed and arranged. In this case, the compressive strength and bending strength of the cured porous cement (composition) are further enhanced by the cooperation of the two fibers 30, 31. In addition, even if the carbon fiber 30 (single fiber) and the continuous carbon fiber 31 are mixed and arranged in the second or third hardened porous cement (composition), the compressive strength and the bending strength can be similarly increased. Of course.

Thus, the hardened composite cements 4, 9, 1
In No. 5, since a part of the surface vicinity portion is formed of the porous cement hardened bodies 1, 6, and 14 having continuous voids therein, the composite cement hardened bodies 4, 9, and 15 are, for example, on the coast or When immersed in water near the riverbank, organisms can easily enter the hardened porous cement 1, 6, 14 or adhere or adsorb to the surface of the hardened porous cement 1, 6, 14 Can be. Therefore, the propagation of organisms in the vicinity of the composite cement hardened bodies 4, 9, 15 can be promoted. Moreover, since most of the hardened composite cements 4, 9, and 15 are formed of concrete having high strength or high durability, the strength or durability of the hardened composite cements 4, 9, 15 is increased.

As described above, the hardened composite cements 4, 9,
15 is high in strength or durability, and is suitable for constructing a large-sized structure having a desired shape, for example, it can be used as a perpetual block, a covering block, a wave-dissipating block, Large L-shaped blocks, cellular blocks, square blocks, multi-legged blocks, upright blocks, etc. can be constructed.

The hardened porous cements 1, 6, and 14 that constitute a part of the hardened composite cements 4, 9, and 15 are made of an iron-based aggregate having a high specific gravity. The bulk specific gravity of the bodies 1, 6, 14 is increased, and the specific gravity of the composite cement hardened bodies 4, 9, 15 is increased. In addition, since the hardened porous cements 1, 6, and 14 contain an iron element, when they are placed (immersed) in water, for example, they promote the adhesion of seaweeds and various organisms including the development of seaweed beds. Provide a habitat for

Further, the hardened porous cements 1, 6, 1
In No. 4, the fertilizer-impregnated powder and granules impregnated with the fertilizer and / or fertilizer having a particle size of 0.001 to 30 mm are contained in the cement in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight. Propagation of plants such as plants (algae) in or near the composite cement hardened bodies 4, 9, 15 or in the vicinity thereof is promoted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped mold frame lined with a hardened porous cement body, and FIG. 1 (b) is a perspective view of a composite cement hardened body manufactured using the mold frame.

FIG. 2 (a) is a perspective view showing a state where a porous cement hardened body having irregularities formed on a spread surface is lined with a mold, and FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the porous cement hardened body. And (c) is a perspective view of the cured porous cement in a state where the contact surface with the mold is directed upward,
(D) is a perspective view in a state where the contact surface of the hardened porous cement with ready-mixed concrete faces upward.

FIG. 3A is a perspective view of a cross-shaped mold frame lined with a cured porous cement body, and FIG. 3B is a perspective view of a composite cement cured body manufactured using the mold frame. .

FIG. 4 (a) is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped mold in a state where a porous cement composition is cast, and FIG. 4 (b) is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped mold in a state where ready-mixed concrete is cast. And (c) is a perspective view of a cured composite cement manufactured using this mold.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a composite cement hardened body in which a hardened porous cement body and a concrete part are joined by an uneven bonding surface, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the hardened porous cement body and the concrete part. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a composite cement cured product joined by using a joining member.

FIG. 6 (a) is a perspective view of a cruciform mold in a state where a porous cement composition is cast, and FIG. 6 (b) is a perspective view of a cruciform mold in a state where ready-mixed concrete is cast. It is a perspective view, (c) is a perspective view of the composite cement hardened body manufactured using this formwork.

FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped mold in a state where ready-mixed concrete is cast, and FIG. 7B is a perspective view of a rectangular parallelepiped mold in a state where a porous cement composition is cast. And (c) is a perspective view of a cured composite cement manufactured using this mold.

FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view of a composite cement hardened body in which a hardened porous cement body and a concrete part are joined by an uneven bonding surface, and FIG. 8B is a sectional view of the hardened porous cement body and the concrete part. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a composite cement cured product joined by using a joining member.

FIG. 9A is a perspective view of a cruciform mold in a state where ready-mixed concrete is cast, and FIG. 9B is a perspective view of the cruciform mold in a state where a porous cement composition is cast. It is a perspective view, (c) is a perspective view of the composite cement hardened body manufactured using this formwork.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a first hardened porous cement body.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a second cured porous cement body.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view of a third hardened porous cement body.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a fourth hardened porous cement body.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a fifth cured porous cement body.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view of a sixth cured porous cement body.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hardened porous cement, 1a ... Spread surface, 1b ... Spread surface, 2 ... Formwork, 2 '... Formwork, 3 ... Concrete part,
4 ... hardened composite cement, 4 '... hardened composite cement,
5: Porous cement composition, 6: Hardened porous cement, 7: Fresh concrete, 8: Concrete part, 9: Hardened composite cement, 9 ': Hardened composite cement, 10 ...
Bonding member, 11: ready-mixed concrete, 12: concrete part, 13: porous cement composition, 14: hardened porous cement, 15: hardened composite cement, 15 ': hardened composite cement, 16: bonding member, 21 ... iron ore (aggregate), 22 ... cement paste, 23 ... continuous voids, 24
... Crushed stone (aggregate), 25 ... Cement paste, 26 ... Continuous void, 27 ... Crushed stone (aggregate), 28 ... Cement mortar, 2
9 ... continuous void, 30 ... carbon fiber (single fiber), 31 ...
Continuous carbon fiber.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C04B 38/00 302 C04B 38/00 302Z 302C E02B 3/14 E02B 3/14 // (C04B 28/02 ( C04B 28/02 14:06 14:06 Z 14:14 14:14 14:38 14:38 A 14:10 14:10 Z 14:30) 14:30) 111: 40 111: 40 111: 74 111: 74 F term (for reference) 2B022 AA05 AB04 BA02 BA03 BA05 BA06 BA23 BB02 2D018 EA00 4F100 AA00A AA37 AB01A AB02A AC04A AC10A AE01A AE01B AK01A BA02 CA24A DE01A DG01 DG01A DG04A DJ02A00 PAE PAJA20A GA04 GB04 GC07 GE04

Claims (22)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a hardened composite cement in which a hardened porous cement body having continuous voids therein and a hardened non-porous cement body are integrally joined, wherein a predetermined cemented body is prepared in advance. A hardened porous cement body having a shape is arranged so that at least a part of the inner surface of the mold is lined, and after the cement composition is cast into the mold, the cement composition is brought to a predetermined strength. A method for producing a hardened composite cement body, comprising curing to form a hardened non-porous cement body, and removing the formwork to obtain a hardened composite cement body. 2. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to claim 1, wherein a hardened porous cement having an uneven surface formed on a surface to be brought into contact with the mold is used. 3. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to claim 1, wherein a hardened porous cement having unevenness on a surface to be brought into contact with the cement composition is used. 4. A method for producing a hardened composite cement in which a hardened porous cement body having continuous voids therein and a hardened non-porous cement body are integrally joined, wherein the mold has a predetermined height. After pouring the porous cement composition, the porous cement composition is cured to form a hardened porous cement, and after the cement composition is cast into a mold, the cement composition is subjected to a predetermined process. A method for producing a hardened composite cement, characterized in that a non-porous cement hardened body is formed by curing to a strength, and the mold is unframed to obtain a hardened composite cement. 5. In the course of hardening the porous cement composition to form a hardened porous cement, the surface of the porous cement composition or the hardened porous cement which is to come into contact with the cement composition has irregularities. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein
3. The method for producing a cured composite cement according to item 1. 6. Before the porous cement composition hardens,
5. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to claim 4, wherein a joining member for bonding the hardened porous cement and the hardened non-porous cement is provided in a mold. 7. The production of a hardened composite cement according to claim 4, wherein a mold having irregularities formed on a surface to be brought into contact with the porous cement composition is used. Method. 8. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to claim 1, wherein a cement composition having a slump value of 5 to 12 cm is used. 9. A method for producing a hardened composite cement in which a hardened porous cement body having continuous voids therein and a hardened non-porous cement body are integrally joined, wherein the mold has a predetermined height. After the cement composition is cast, the cement composition is cured to form a non-porous cement hardened body. After the porous cement composition is cast into a mold, the porous cement composition is subjected to a predetermined method. A method for producing a hardened composite cement body, comprising curing the porous cement body until the strength reaches a predetermined level, and removing the formwork to obtain a hardened composite cement body. 10. During the process of curing the cement composition to form a non-porous cement hardened body, irregularities are formed on the surface of the cement composition or the non-porous cement hardened body which is to come into contact with the porous cement composition. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein
3. The method for producing a cured composite cement according to item 1. 11. A joining member for joining the non-porous cement hardened body and the porous cement hardened body is provided in the mold before the cement composition is hardened. 3. The method for producing a cured composite cement according to item 1. 12. A surface of a porous cement composition or a hardened porous cement which is not in contact with a hardened non-porous cement during curing of the porous cement composition to form a hardened porous cement. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the unevenness is formed on the hardened composite cement. 13. Aggregates are joined together by a cement-containing joining material, and at least 10% by weight of the aggregates contains 10% by weight of iron element.
A porous cement which is composed of the iron-based aggregates contained above, and a solidified cement paste or cement mortar is filled as a bonding material in a part of a gap between the aggregates, and the aggregates are bonded to each other by the solidified material. The method for producing a cured composite cement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cured product is used. 14. Aggregates are joined with a cement-containing joining material, wherein the aggregate is gravel, crushed stone, or slag, and a part of a gap between the aggregates contains 20% by weight of iron element as a joining material.
The solidified cement paste mixed with the powdery material containing the above or the solidified cement mortar mixed with the sandy material containing the iron element of 20% by weight or more is filled, and the aggregates are combined by the solidified material. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hardened porous cement is used. 15. The solidified material is 20 to 75% of a void between aggregates.
The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to claim 13, wherein a hardened porous cement filled in the cement is used. 16. The porous cement hardened body in which single fibers are mixed or in which a single layer or a plurality of layers of continuous fibers are installed, is used. A method for producing a hardened composite cement. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the single fiber or the continuous fiber uses a hardened porous cement made of at least one of a metal fiber material, an inorganic fiber material, and a polymer fiber material. The method for producing a cured composite cement according to claim 16. 18. A hardened porous cement containing a fertilizer-impregnated powder granulated on its surface and / or a fertilizer-impregnated powder impregnated with a fertilizer component is used. A method for producing a cured composite cement according to any one of the above. 19. Use of a hardened porous cement in which a particulate fertilizer and / or a fertilizer-impregnated powder having a particle size of 0.001 to 30 mm is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 50% by weight based on cement. The method for producing a cured composite cement according to claim 18, characterized in that: 20. The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein a hardened porous cement containing zeolite is used. 21. The hardened porous cement body has a thickness of 5 to 1
The method for producing a hardened composite cement according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the setting is set to 00 cm. 22. The thickness of the cured porous cement is 10 to 10.
The method for producing a cured composite cement according to claim 21, wherein the setting is set to 70 cm.