JPH09184145A - Greening block and its manufacture and the greening block execution method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the strength of the joint of frame concrete and vegetation concrete and efficiently manufacture a slope face block in a short period of time. SOLUTION: There are provided a step in which concrete (a) is placed in a frame concrete section 21 of a form 20 to form a frame concrete 1, a step in which porous concrete (b) is placed in a vegetation concrete section 22 of the form 20 before the frame concrete 1 is solidified to form a vegetation concrete part 10, and a step in which the frame concrete 1 and vegetation concrete 10 of integral construction are simultaneously cured and removed from the form.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening block used for permanently greening slopes such as road slopes and revetments with plants, a method for manufacturing the same, and a method for constructing greening blocks. The present invention is also applied to horizontal surfaces such as riverbeds that are subject to erosion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of protecting a slope that is eroded
The method of protection with concrete or mortar and the method of protection with vegetation are adopted. However, the slope covered with concrete or mortar is not preferable for the scenery. The following various slope greening methods have been proposed as methods for solving this problem in landscape.

(1) First method: a method in which a slope is covered with concrete or mortar and then a net or the like is stretched to climb the vines to green them. (2) Second method: a method of spraying seeds or a thick layer base material and the seeds for greening. (3) Third method: A method of vegetation sandbags is planted in the space of the method frame using the method frame.

However, in the first method using the crane plant, it is necessary to stabilize the slope by some method in advance. Since the second method of spraying seeds does not provide sufficient strength, there is a problem with steep slopes. In addition, in the third method of fitting sandbags, the sandbags are put on-site and the sandbags are heavy and there is a problem in workability. Furthermore, the sandbags themselves are not durable, and there is a problem that the sandbag itself is more than 10%. Not suitable for gradients. That is, the conventional technique is not sufficient as a method that has sufficient strength necessary for slope protection and can be easily greened.

[0005] In addition, concrete or concrete blocks form a revetment at a portion where there is a risk of soil erosion due to flooding, but in this case there is a landscape problem. In addition, there are cases where vegetation soil is put in the legal framework for greening, but in the case of flooding, the soil may be washed away, and there is the problem that there is no workability and durability. .

With respect to these problems, the present inventors have already proposed a concrete plant greening body (planting concrete) having sufficient strength (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-2721).
42, JP-A-6-113666).

The present concrete can be obtained by filling a void portion of a hardened porous concrete with a vegetation base material having a water absorption capacity and a water permeability capacity, seeds and a fertilizer. The vegetation base material in this concrete has excellent water permeability, and when it rains, the vegetation base material immediately penetrates the vegetation base material in this concrete and penetrates into the soil directly under the planting concrete. Rainwater can be stored in.

Further, when the weather is dry and the weather continues, the vegetation base material in the planting concrete absorbs water from the soil immediately below the planting concrete. Water can be supplied.

Therefore, if these planted concretes are used, watering is not necessary and the water in the soil can be sucked up and supplied to the plants even when the weather is fine, so that the management at the initial growth is easy. Also, since the roots penetrate the vegetation concrete, permanent greening is possible. Moreover, since it is made of concrete, it maintains sufficient strength and contributes to soil erosion prevention and soil stabilization.

Further, as a result of earnest research on the effective use of the present planting concrete, the present inventors have found that the present planting concrete can be easily installed by installing it in a space within a sloped frame. It has been found that the entire surface can be greened and that it has sufficient strength necessary for protecting the slope (Japanese Patent Application No. 6-224438).

[0011]

However, these methods are similar to the conventional method of filling the space of the concrete block in the space, and since the planting concrete is laid after the frame concrete is constructed and the joint filling is performed, It requires manual handling of heavy objects on the slope. In recent years, the shortage and aging of workers engaged in civil engineering work have become a problem, and there has been a strong demand for labor-saving work on slopes.

In the construction of planting concrete, in order to save labor on the slope, it is conceivable to integrate the frame concrete and the planting concrete and install the whole frame on the slope by a machine such as a crane. To be As a method for integrating the frame concrete and the planting concrete, a technique for integrating the frame concrete with the frame concrete has been developed for the purpose of reinforcing porous concrete which is particularly insufficient in strength (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-295714). .

However, in this method, since the porous concrete is placed after the frame concrete is removed from the mold, the boundary between the frame concrete and the planted concrete is likely to be a cold joint, and the bonding strength is weak. Therefore, if a small force is applied to the boundary, the two blocks will easily separate. Also, if this is lifted, there is a risk of disaster due to the fall of porous concrete. Further, even when the common reinforcing bar is embedded, when the block is enlarged, bending stress is applied, peeling of the porous concrete or the like occurs, and there is a risk of debris falling. In addition, there is a problem that the work efficiency is poor because the curing only for the frame concrete and the curing after pouring the porous concrete are required twice.

In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to improve the strength of the joint between the frame concrete and the planted concrete and to efficiently manufacture the concrete in a short time.

[0015]

The present invention is a greening block in which a frame concrete and a planting concrete are integrated; the two concretes are fused or three-dimensionally entangled and joined at a joint. It is a greening block, which is characterized by

According to the present invention, concrete is cast into the frame concrete portion of the formwork, and porous concrete is cast into the planting concrete portion of the formwork, and before the setting of both concretes is started. A method for manufacturing a greening block, characterized in that concrete joints are fused together.

According to the present invention, a step of arranging a partition plate for partitioning a frame concrete part and a planting concrete part in a formwork; placing concrete in the frame concrete part of the formwork, and planting concrete part A step of pouring porous concrete into the concrete; a step of removing the partition plate to fuse the joints of the two concretes before the setting of the two concretes begins; and a step of demolding the two concretes after curing. A method for manufacturing a greening block, which is characterized by the above.

The present invention comprises the step of pouring concrete into the frame concrete portion of the formwork; pouring concrete into the planted concrete portion of the formwork so as to cover the frame concrete before the setting of the concrete begins. And a step of fusing the joints of both concretes together; and a step of removing the molds after curing both concretes, the method for producing a greening block.

The present invention comprises the step of installing preformed planting concrete in the planting concrete portion of the formwork;
A step of pouring concrete into the frame concrete portion of the formwork so as to allow the mortar component of the concrete to enter into the irregularities on the side surface of the planted concrete and three-dimensionally combining them; and a step of demolding both concretes after curing A method for manufacturing a greening block, which comprises:

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A partition plate for partitioning a frame concrete portion and a planted concrete portion is provided in a formwork, concrete is placed outside the partition plate, and porous concrete is placed inside the partition plate. To do. The partition plate is removed before both concretes start to set, and the concrete and porous concrete are fused at the joint and then cured.

Alternatively, concrete is poured into the frame concrete portion of the formwork, and porous concrete is cast into the planting concrete portion of the formwork so as to cover the concrete before the concrete starts to set, and concrete and porous concrete are mixed. After fusion at the junction, cure.

Alternatively, porous concrete that has been molded in advance is placed in the planting concrete portion of the formwork so as to leave a space for placing the concrete of the frame, and then concrete is placed in the concrete portion of the frame, It is also possible to insert into the concave portion on the side surface of the planted concrete and combine them three-dimensionally. In this case, since the porous concrete can be manufactured by an immediate demolding method by pressure and vibration compaction, concrete with high strength and stable quality can be obtained. Also, when using porous concrete filled with vegetation base material, the joints of both concretes are combined three-dimensionally and combined,
It is preferable that the side surface of the porous concrete has irregularities.

By sharing the reinforcing material embedded in the porous concrete with the frame concrete, both concretes can be more firmly integrated. If a water-permeable sheet is applied to the bottom surface of the planted concrete before the concrete is solidified for filling the vegetation base material, the sheet can be applied without using an adhesive or the like. This sheet can prevent leakage of the vegetation base material and, after being installed on the slope, diffuses the water content in the soil over the entire bottom surface, and thus functions to uniformly supply the water content to the planted concrete.

In order to improve the appearance of the greening block, normally, concrete is placed so that the front side of the block is the lower side of the form, but when filling the vegetation base material described below, the seed is filled at the end. , Filled from the front side.

Regarding the cross-sectional shape of the greening block, the frame concrete may be the same as or thicker than the thickness of the planting concrete. Further, the planar shape may be a polygon such as a triangle or a hexagon, or a circle, as well as a quadrangle. Furthermore, the width of the frame concrete is not specified, and can be appropriately changed in consideration of the strength and combination of the greening blocks.

The mold is made of metal, resin, wood or the like. Further, as the frame concrete, a mixture having a composition generally used in the production of concrete products is used. Reinforcing bars are usually used as reinforcements for frame concrete. When a reinforcing material is used for the porous concrete, the reinforcing material is, for example, a reinforcing bar, an aluminized steel wire or a reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber. When reinforcing bars are used for the porous concrete part, it is desirable to apply anticorrosion treatment.

Porous concrete is composed of an aggregate and a binder as main components and is obtained by curing them, and is porous and has air permeability and water permeability. In addition, the porosity of porous concrete is 25 to 35% in consideration of ease of plant roots, ease of filling vegetation base material, and strength.
Is preferred.

Here, the aggregate has a particle size of 2.5 to 40 mm.
Some examples are river gravel, crushed stone, artificial aggregate, and the like, and desired performance can be imparted by adjusting the type and particle size of the aggregate. As the binder, various portland cements, mixed cements such as blast furnace cements, etc. are used, and admixtures may be used if necessary.

Examples of the vegetation base material include soil particles mixed with a soil improving material for improving water retention, air permeability and fertilization. This vegetation base material has excellent water permeability, and when it rains, it immediately propagates through the vegetation base material in the planting concrete and penetrates into the soil directly under the greening block, storing rainwater in the soil. I can do things.

In addition, when the weather is continuous and dry, the vegetation base material absorbs water from the soil directly under the planting concrete, and water can be supplied to the planting concrete even if rainwater is not supplied. it can.

The surface layer of the porous concrete can be filled with seeds, whereby the work of revegetation on the slope can be omitted. Examples of seeds used include turfgrass seeds.

Examples of the moisture permeable sheet attached to the bottom surface of the planted concrete for preventing leakage of the vegetation base material include filter paper and non-woven fabric. Specific examples of the non-woven fabric include HP manufactured by Nippon Bileen Co., Ltd. -21 (trade name) is included.

After filling the vegetation base material, it is preferable to apply or spray a stabilizer on the surface of the planting concrete in order to prevent the vegetation base material and seeds from being washed away. Examples of the stabilizer include vinyl acetate emulsion and the like.

The green block produced in this way is
Since it is possible to move safely even by hoisting, it is possible to easily protect and green the slope by laying it with a crane or the like after finishing the slope or flat surface of the road slope or revetment to be smooth. That is, the slope is excavated or filled to form a smooth surface, or after appropriately forming a culture soil mixed with a fertilizer or a soil improving material to form a smooth surface and then laying the greening block with a crane, By connecting the greening blocks adjacent to each other by combining mortar, concrete or rebar or a plurality of these,
The slope can be protected.

In the greening block, the planted concrete and the frame concrete are firmly bonded and integrated at the boundary portion, exhibiting sufficient strength against erosion prevention and collapse, and have a soil retaining effect. Can be expected.

Seeds are fixed to the greening block,
If the necessary water is given, germination will start from the planting concrelo, and eventually not only the planting concrete but also the frame concrete will be covered and the planting will be completed. At this point, the entire greening block is covered with green, providing people with a natural landscape,
In addition, the ecosystem naturally develops. Moreover, by providing a culture soil layer in which soil is mixed with a slow-release fertilizer, a soil improving material, etc. under the greening block, vegetation can be maintained for a longer period of time.

Also in the revetment, if the greening blocks are used in the same manner as in the case of the above slope and are connected by reinforcing bars or the like, it is possible to maintain sufficient strength against floods and protect the revetment. , The entire surface can be greened.

[0038]

First Embodiment A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1A, the mold 20 is made of metal or resin and has a predetermined size, for example, a length of 998 mm and a width of 99.
It is formed with a height of 8 mm and a height of 150 mm. A frame concrete portion 21 and a planting concrete portion 22 are formed on the formwork 20.

A partition plate 25 is erected at the boundary portion K between the concrete portions 21 and 22. The partition plate 25 is an iron flat plate, but the material and shape thereof are appropriately selected as needed.

As shown in FIG. 1 (B), ready-mixed concrete a is placed on the frame concrete portion 21. The ready-mixed concrete a has the following composition, and this composition is also selected as needed. Raw concrete a (Kg / m ³ ) water 191 ordinary Portland cement 381 fine aggregate a1 836 coarse aggregate a2 (crushed stone, particle size 5-10 mm) 515 coarse aggregate a3 (crushed stone, particle size 10-15 mm) 515 admixture ("Mighty 150" (trade name) manufactured by Kao Corporation
1.22

Porous concrete b is placed in the planted concrete portion 22 before the strength of the fresh concrete a is exhibited.
The concrete b has the following composition, and this composition is also appropriately selected as needed. Porous concrete b (Kg / m ³ ) water 62.5 ordinary Portland cement 250 aggregate b1 (crushed stone, particle size 10 to 15 mm) 1590 admixture (“Mighty 150” manufactured by Kao Corporation 5.6

As shown in FIG. 1C, the partition plate 25 is removed from the inside of the form 20, and the fresh concrete a of the frame concrete portion 21 and the fresh porous concrete b of the planting concrete portion 22 are fused at the joint portion 23. I made it finish. That is, the cement paste existing on the surface of the aggregate b1 of the green porous concrete b and the mortar of the green concrete a are fused together, and the mortar component of the concrete a and the porous concrete b form a layered joint 23 to be integrated. It was

As shown in FIG. 1D, after pouring the porous concrete b, a water-permeable sheet, for example, a non-woven fabric 26 is arranged on the entire pouring surface and adhered by the adhesive force of the paste. The non-woven fabric 26 may be fixed with a pin. The one shown in FIG. 1 (D) was aged for 2 to 4 hours, steam-cured at 65 ° C. for 4 hours, and then demolded. The curing method is not particularly limited.

As the vegetation base material 50, a material having excellent moisture absorption performance and water permeability performance is selected. For example, a mixture of black soil and perlite is used. The black soil was placed in a metal vat (not shown) and dried at 80 ° C. for 2 days in a dryer (not shown). Next, after crushing this dried black soil with a crusher, perlite [Mitsui Metal Industry Co., Ltd.
No. ”(trade name)] was mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1 to obtain a vegetation base material 50.

The greening block 30 is fixed on a vibrating table, the vegetation base material 50 is uniformly filled while vibrating, and after filling, a vegetation base material 8 mm from the upper surface 10a of the planting concrete 10 is collected by a dust collector. Was suctioned off. Bermudagrass (common) 8 in the area where the vegetation base material 50 is removed
g, Kentucky 31 Fescue 13g [Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd.]
Made, mixed with seed 52 of the variety name]
Further, the vegetation base material 50 was filled in the same manner up to the upper surface 10b of the planted concrete 10.

In the same manner as the other greening blocks, 8 g of Bermudagrass (common), 10 g of Kentucky Bluegrass Snow KBII, 13 g of Chewing Fesc Jamestown [Snow Brand Seed Co., Ltd., breed name] were mixed or snow. Mixed flower 0.89
3 g (trade name of Snow Brand Seedling Co., Ltd.) was sown.

Next, 620 ml of S-FIX (manufactured by Sekisye Dyne Co., Ltd.) was sprayed onto the upper surface of the planting concrete 10 at a rate of 642 ml per piece of greening concrete, and naturally dried to obtain the vegetation base material 50 and the seeds 52. Fixed.

Next, a method of constructing the greening block 30 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the slope W to be greened is shaped,
A culture soil layer 70 is formed by laminating a culture soil mixed with a soil improving material and a slow-release fertilizer thereon. The thickness t of the culture soil layer 70 is appropriately selected as necessary, and for example, the thickness t
= 30 cm or more, preferably 50 cm or more. In addition, in this example, 5 cm by volume of bark compost and 5 cm of culture soil obtained by mixing slow-release fertilizer with red soil at a rate of 2 kg / m ^3.
The layers were laminated as described above.

When the greening block 30 is lifted by a crane (not shown) and positioned on the culture soil layer 70 so that they are opposed to each other and the greening block 30 is slowly lowered toward the culture soil layer 70, the frame concrete 1 Bottom 1a and planting concrete 10 simultaneously contact the culture soil layer 70, the culture soil layer 70 is pressed by the weight of the greening block 30, and the bottom surfaces 1a and 10b of both concretes 1 and 10 are the culture soil layer. Stick to 70.

An anchor rebar (not shown) was driven into the space between the greening blocks 30 adjacent to each other, and concrete was filled and fixed in the space. By repeating such steps, a desired number of greening blocks 30 as shown in FIG.
Is placed on the slope.

After the laying of the greening block 30 on the slope W was completed, water was sprinkled, and then observation was performed without sprinkling water at all. 2
After a week, germination was confirmed in all planted concrete 10, and after 6 weeks, the entire greening block was covered with vegetation.

[0052]

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 10. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows.
It is as follows.

(1) Inside the formwork 20, the frame concrete part 2
1 and a plurality of inverted U-shaped auxiliary bars, for example, aluminized steel wire 80 are arranged over 1 and the planted concrete portion 22,
I tried to strengthen both concretes 1 and 10.

(2) On the slope with a 10% slope facing northeast, 5% by volume of bark compost and a slow-moving fertilizer at a rate of 2 kg / m ³ mixed with red soil at a thickness of 3 cm The greening block 30 filled with seeds and the like was placed and sprinkled with water, and no subsequent irrigation was performed.

In this example, seeds germinated on the entire surface of the planted concrete 10 after 2 weeks, and after 8 weeks, the entire greening block was covered with green.

[0056]

Third Embodiment A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is as follows. (1) As reinforcing bars, reinforced anti-corrosion reinforcing bars 90 are arranged only in the frame concrete portion 21, and other rust-proof reinforcing bars 80 or non-corrosive reinforcing bars 80 are used. (2) Do not install a partition plate.

(3) Placing the frame concrete 1 lower than the porous concrete placing surface and placing the porous concrete on the entire surface so as to cover the frame concrete, that is, at the bottom of the planted concrete portion 22. 21 is located and porous concrete b is placed on the bottom surface 1a of the frame concrete 1, and the frame concrete 1 and the planting concrete 10 are joined horizontally by interlocking the materials of both concretes. The part 23 is formed.

A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is as follows. (1) Reinforcing bars 90 are provided in the frame concrete portion 21. (2) Do not install a partition plate. (3) The planted concrete 10 manufactured in advance is arranged in the planted concrete portion 22, and then the ready-mixed concrete a is placed in the frame concrete portion 21, and as shown in FIG. 100 is to insert fresh concrete a, and both are three-dimensionally connected and integrated.

The planted concrete 10 may be one immediately after immediate demolding or one after setting. Further, the concrete 10 may be one in which a reinforcing bar is embedded, but in this case, it is preferable that a part of the reinforcing bar projects from the planted concrete 10 into the frame concrete portion 21. Further, the porous concrete may be one filled with a vegetation base material, and in this case, it is preferable that the irregularities are exposed on the side surface of the porous concrete.

[0060]

The present invention has been configured as described above.
It has the following remarkable effects. (1) Since the joints between the planted concrete and the frame concrete are fused or three-dimensionally intertwined and joined, the strength of the joints is improved as compared with the conventional example. Therefore, a green block having excellent durability can be obtained. (2) Since the frame concrete and the planted concrete are cured at the same time, the production time is shorter and the production efficiency is improved as compared with the case where both concretes are separately formed and cured. (3) Since it is possible to easily carry out revegetation on slopes simply by hoisting a planting block filled with seeds with a crane or the like and arranging it on the surface to be replanted, it is possible to construct efficiently and safely. (4) Since the culture soil layer is formed on the surface to be greened, the slope can be formed with high accuracy, and the bottom surface of the greening block adheres to the culture soil layer. Therefore, nutrients and water necessary for plant growth can be retained on the slope, which provides a favorable environment for the plants in the greening block.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a first embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing process of a greening block.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a greening block.

FIG. 4 is a reduced perspective view of a greening block.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction state.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a construction state.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing process of the greening block.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIII-VIIII of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a greening block.

FIG. 11 is a view showing the third embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing process of the greening block.

FIG. 12 is a view showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention and is a cross-sectional view showing the manufacturing process of the greening block.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.

[Explanation of code] 1 frame concrete 10 planting concrete 20 formwork 21 frame concrete part 22 planting concrete part 23 boundary part 26 non-woven fabric 30 greening block 80 auxiliary muscle K boundary part W ground

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hoho Tsuchida 6-7 Uehonmachi, Sakata City, Yamagata Prefecture Maeda Pipeline Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuro Mizukami 6-7 Uehonmachi, Sakata City, Yamagata Prefecture Co., Ltd. Maeda Institute of Advanced Technology (72) Inventor Toru Ito 6-7 Uehonmachi, Sakata City, Yamagata Prefecture Maeda Institute of Advanced Technology Ltd.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A greening block in which a frame concrete and a planting concrete are integrated; the two concretes are fused or three-dimensionally intertwined and joined at a joint. block. 2. The greening block according to claim 1, wherein the planting concrete is filled with a vegetation base material. 3. A concrete is cast into the frame concrete portion of the formwork, and a porous concrete is cast into the planting concrete portion of the formwork, and before the setting of the both concretes is started. A method of manufacturing a greening block, characterized in that the joints are fused. 4. A step of arranging a partition plate for partitioning the frame concrete part and the planted concrete part in the formwork; placing concrete in the frame concrete part of the formwork, and making porous concrete in the planted concrete part. And a step of removing the partition plate to fuse the joints of both concretes before the setting of both concretes begins; and a step of demolding after curing both concretes. And a method for manufacturing a green block. 5. A step of pouring concrete into the frame concrete portion of the formwork; pouring concrete into the planted concrete portion of the formwork so as to cover the frame concrete before starting the setting of the concrete. A method for manufacturing a greening block, comprising: a step of fusing the joints of both concretes; and a step of removing the two molds after curing. 6. A step of installing preformed planting concrete on the planting concrete portion of the formwork; placing concrete on the frame concrete portion of the formwork to form irregularities on the side surface of the planting concrete. A method for producing a greening block, comprising: a step of three-dimensionally connecting the joints of both concretes by allowing a mortar portion of the concrete to enter; and a step of demolding both concretes after curing. 7. The method for producing a greening block according to claim 3, wherein the planting concrete is filled with a vegetation base material in which voids of the planting concrete are mixed with soil, a soil improving material and the like. 8. The method for producing a greening block according to claim 3, wherein a water-permeable sheet is attached to the bottom surface of the planted concrete before the start of setting of the planted concrete. Method. 9. A greening block in which frame concrete and planting concrete are integrated; a step of forming a greening block in which both concretes are fused or three-dimensionally intertwined and joined at a joint. And; a step of filling the planting concrete of the greening block with a vegetation base material; a step of depositing culture soil on the slope to be greened to form a culture soil layer; laying the greening block on the culture soil layer A method of constructing a greening block, characterized by comprising steps and; 10. The method for constructing a greening block according to claim 9, wherein the culture soil layer has a thickness of 30 mm or more.