EP1141422B1 - Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration - Google Patents

Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1141422B1
EP1141422B1 EP99959490A EP99959490A EP1141422B1 EP 1141422 B1 EP1141422 B1 EP 1141422B1 EP 99959490 A EP99959490 A EP 99959490A EP 99959490 A EP99959490 A EP 99959490A EP 1141422 B1 EP1141422 B1 EP 1141422B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon
denitriding
bath
oxygen
nitrogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99959490A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1141422A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean-Christophe Mailhan
Daniel Pernet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
USINOR SA
Original Assignee
USINOR SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by USINOR SA filed Critical USINOR SA
Publication of EP1141422A1 publication Critical patent/EP1141422A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1141422B1 publication Critical patent/EP1141422B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F27D3/0026—Introducing additives into the melt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of production of low steels nitrogen contents. It is advantageously applied to the development of shades at low and very low carbon.
  • the manufacturing processes, or the nuance of certain steels therefore sometimes require very low nitrogen contents on the final product obtained, for example, to fix ideas, from 15 to 25 ppm for sheets intended for automobile construction or for steels for packaging, around 50 ppm for plates on offshore platforms, or from 40 to 60 ppm for tire reinforcement wires, etc.
  • These nitrogen contents are expected at the steelworks, at all stages of the development of molten metal, from the furnace electric, or from the converter until it solidifies with continuous casting.
  • the elaboration in the electric oven in particular, is distinguished by a strong contamination in nitrogen of the metal, due to the cracking of the nitrogen molecule from the air in the thermal zone of the electric arc which facilitates its transfer to the liquid metal.
  • a N is the dissolved nitrogen activity, which can be assimilated to the nitrogen content of the metal in the case of low-alloy carbon steels
  • P N2 is the partial nitrogen pressure of the gas in contact with the liquid metal. This means that in the presence of atmospheric N 2 , the nitrogen content of the metal will continuously increase towards its solubility limit, which is in the vicinity of 430 ppm at the temperature of the molten steel (approximately 1600 ° C.).
  • this gas can be argon or helium injected, but at low flow rate and with a high cost, or carbon monoxide formed in situ by the decarburization of the metal during the injection of oxygen, which is conventionally practiced in gaseous or particulate form (see for example the article by K. Shinme and T. Matsuo, "Acceleration of nitrogen removal with decarburization by powdered oxidizer blowing under reduced pressure", published in the Japanese journal ISIJ in 1987).
  • JP-A-63 206 421 relates to a process for advanced denitriding of a steel bath by means of a simultaneous and separate injection of gaseous hydrocarbon and powdery oxide.
  • the purpose of the present invention is precisely to promote denitriding of molten metal which exploits the denitriding potential of the washing gas on the one hand, and which allows, on the other hand, to control the final nitrogen content independently of the content initial carbon of the metallic bath, whereas this is currently the case with a classic decarburization.
  • the invention relates to a process for denitriding molten steel being developed by oxygen blowing as defined in claim 1.
  • carbon and oxygen are injected jointly but separately and side by side at the same level of the metal bath (at a distance of about 20 cm from each other for example).
  • the carbon content of the metal bath is not modified.
  • the co-injection technique according to the invention has been tested and implemented under industrial conditions in a small oven with a capacity of 6 tonnes, by simultaneously supplying carbon and oxygen by two independent injection lances whose outlet ends were placed side by side at the same level within the molten steel bath to be treated, about twenty centimeters from each other.
  • the carbon was supplied by a coal with low sulfur and nitrogen contents (weight contents lower than 0.1% for these two elements), and using either argon or nitrogen as carrier gas .
  • the oxygen was supplied either by injection of gaseous O 2 or by injection of iron ore (equivalent to 0.2 Nm 3 of O 2 per 1 kg of ore).
  • the denitriding method of the invention turns out to be flexible enough to realization to allow multiple variants of implementation, which are mentioned below some examples:
  • Any oxidizing gas, or any oxidizing powder iron ore, but also manganese ore, silica powder, etc.
  • any type of carbon product can be used for the purpose of adding carbon.
  • Co-injection according to the invention can be carried out without particular difficulties in the electric furnace, but also in the O 2 blowing converter from the top (type LD, AOD) or from the bottom (type OBM, LWS); in a pocket oven or in vacuum systems, type RH, where one can also benefit from the effect of vacuum on denitriding (P N2 low above the metal bath).
  • This technique can be particularly interesting in the case of an oven electric double-tank, where the denitriding phase by simultaneous supply of carbon and oxygen can be done in masked time while the merger of a new metallic charge in the other tank energized. For this, the denitriding operation will be done at the end of the development of a load, without electric voltage, the electric power being transferred to the other tank for the fusion of the next charge, without loss of productivity for the steelworks.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
EP99959490A 1998-12-18 1999-12-17 Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration Expired - Lifetime EP1141422B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9816082 1998-12-18
FR9816082A FR2787468B1 (fr) 1998-12-18 1998-12-18 Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration
PCT/FR1999/003176 WO2000037688A1 (fr) 1998-12-18 1999-12-17 Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1141422A1 EP1141422A1 (fr) 2001-10-10
EP1141422B1 true EP1141422B1 (fr) 2003-08-06

Family

ID=9534200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99959490A Expired - Lifetime EP1141422B1 (fr) 1998-12-18 1999-12-17 Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration

Country Status (24)

Country Link
US (1) US6565622B1 (xx)
EP (1) EP1141422B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP2002533566A (xx)
KR (1) KR20010101205A (xx)
CN (1) CN1329675A (xx)
AT (1) ATE246734T1 (xx)
AU (1) AU756853B2 (xx)
BG (1) BG105612A (xx)
BR (1) BR9916269A (xx)
CA (1) CA2356370A1 (xx)
CZ (1) CZ20012225A3 (xx)
DE (1) DE69910256T2 (xx)
EA (1) EA003345B1 (xx)
ES (1) ES2205916T3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2787468B1 (xx)
HU (1) HUP0104705A3 (xx)
PL (1) PL348064A1 (xx)
RO (1) RO121135B1 (xx)
SI (1) SI20533A (xx)
SK (1) SK7932001A3 (xx)
TR (1) TR200101606T2 (xx)
WO (1) WO2000037688A1 (xx)
YU (1) YU42501A (xx)
ZA (1) ZA200104661B (xx)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050063798A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-03-24 Davis Jeffry Alan Interchangeable workpiece handling apparatus and associated tool for processing microfeature workpieces
US20050050767A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-03-10 Hanson Kyle M. Wet chemical processing chambers for processing microfeature workpieces
US20050035046A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2005-02-17 Hanson Kyle M. Wet chemical processing chambers for processing microfeature workpieces
CN112342400A (zh) * 2020-10-14 2021-02-09 潘玉霞 一种五金铸件的精密消气泡铸造工艺
DE102021121472A1 (de) 2021-08-18 2023-02-23 Sms Group Gmbh Elektrolichtbogenofen, Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Elektrolichtbogenofens und Verwendung eines Elektrolichtbogenofens
WO2024190908A1 (ja) * 2023-03-16 2024-09-19 日本製鉄株式会社 溶鋼の製造方法およびアーク炉

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE739066A (en) * 1969-09-18 1970-03-18 Electro pneumatic steel
FR2540518B1 (fr) * 1983-02-03 1991-09-06 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Procede pour la conduite d'un four metallurgique de fusion et dispositif de mise en oeuvre
JPH0819456B2 (ja) * 1987-02-24 1996-02-28 新日本製鐵株式会社 極低窒素鋼の溶製方法
DE4242328C2 (de) * 1992-12-15 1995-06-08 Alfred Dipl Ing Dr Freissmuth Mittel zur Entschwefelung, Entphosphorung, Entsilicierung und Entstickung von Roheisen- und Gußeisenschmelzen
FR2705767B1 (fr) * 1993-05-27 1995-07-21 Lorraine Laminage Procédé et installation de production d'acier liquide à partir de matières ferreuses riches en matières carbonées.
JPH0726318A (ja) * 1993-07-09 1995-01-27 Kawasaki Steel Corp 製鋼用電気炉の操業方法
JPH09165615A (ja) * 1995-12-14 1997-06-24 Kawasaki Steel Corp 溶融金属の脱窒方法
JPH1112634A (ja) * 1997-06-20 1999-01-19 Nkk Corp アーク炉による低窒素溶鋼の製造方法
LU90154B1 (fr) * 1997-10-17 1999-04-19 Wurth Paul Sa Procede pour la fusion en continu de produits metalliques solides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002533566A (ja) 2002-10-08
BR9916269A (pt) 2001-09-04
EA200100563A1 (ru) 2001-12-24
YU42501A (sh) 2003-12-31
DE69910256D1 (de) 2003-09-11
AU1664800A (en) 2000-07-12
CN1329675A (zh) 2002-01-02
KR20010101205A (ko) 2001-11-14
PL348064A1 (en) 2002-05-06
ZA200104661B (en) 2002-06-07
ES2205916T3 (es) 2004-05-01
FR2787468A1 (fr) 2000-06-23
HUP0104705A3 (en) 2002-06-28
US6565622B1 (en) 2003-05-20
CA2356370A1 (fr) 2000-06-29
ATE246734T1 (de) 2003-08-15
CZ20012225A3 (cs) 2002-02-13
DE69910256T2 (de) 2004-07-01
FR2787468B1 (fr) 2001-12-07
HUP0104705A2 (hu) 2002-03-28
BG105612A (en) 2002-01-31
SK7932001A3 (en) 2002-01-07
WO2000037688A1 (fr) 2000-06-29
TR200101606T2 (tr) 2001-10-22
AU756853B2 (en) 2003-01-23
EP1141422A1 (fr) 2001-10-10
SI20533A (sl) 2001-10-31
EA003345B1 (ru) 2003-04-24
RO121135B1 (ro) 2006-12-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2564863A1 (fr) Procede d'elaboration d'un alliage ferreux a haute teneur en manganese par fusion reductrice.
EP1141422B1 (fr) Procede de denitruration de l'acier en fusion en cours d'elaboration
FR2476140A1 (fr) Procede pour la production d'acier a haute teneur en chrome
FR2527634A1 (fr) Procede de production d'acier a teneur ultra-faible en phosphore
FR2501236A1 (fr) Procede d'affinage d'aciers a forte teneur en chrome
FR2463187A1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'acier dans un convertisseur avec soufflage d'oxygene sur la surface du metal fondu et soufflage de gaz d'agitation par la base du convertisseur
EP0342132A1 (fr) Procédé de désulfuration des fontes
WO2021106484A1 (ja) 溶鋼の鋳造方法、連続鋳造鋳片の製造方法及び軸受用鋼材の製造方法
RU2415180C1 (ru) Способ производства рельсовой стали
EP1029089A1 (fr) Procede pour la fusion en continu de produits metalliques solides
JP3496545B2 (ja) 溶銑の脱硫方法
EP1268863B1 (fr) Traitement sous vide d'un metal fondu avec brassage simultane par injection d'helium
FR2541313A1 (fr) Procede pour la production d'acier inoxydable fondu
JP2897647B2 (ja) 低水素極低硫鋼の溶製方法
BE1003182A4 (fr) Procede de fabrication de l'acier d'usage courant.
EP0031776A1 (fr) Procédé de soufflage mixte pour l'affinage des métaux au convertisseur
SU829684A1 (ru) Способ выплавки стали
FR2472616A1 (fr) Procede de soufflage mixte pour l'affinage des metaux au convertisseur
RU2212453C1 (ru) Способ производства низкоуглеродистой конструкционной стали
LU86483A1 (fr) Procede de desulfuration et de dephosphoration de la fonte
BE879594A (fr) Procede de fabrication d'acier
BE885044A (fr) Procede perfectionne pour l'affinage pneumatique de fonte hematite ou phosphoreuse au convertisseur
EP0156706A1 (fr) Procédé de purification des métaux par insufflation
BE834767A (fr) Procede pour enrichir des ferro-alliages en elements non ferreux tels que le nickel et/ou le cobalt
BE497417A (xx)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20010612

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL PAYMENT 20010612;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20011004

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20030806

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20030806

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: FRENCH

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69910256

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20030911

Kind code of ref document: P

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20031106

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20031106

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20031217

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20031205

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20031231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20040106

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20030806

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2205916

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20040507

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20131125

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20131121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20131121

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20131125

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20131125

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20131209

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20131122

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20131126

Year of fee payment: 15

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20131121

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20131219

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 69910256

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: V1

Effective date: 20150701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 69910256

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: HOEGER, STELLRECHT & PARTNER PATENTANWAELTE MB, DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: V1

Effective date: 20150701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141217

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141218

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 246734

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20141217

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20141217

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20150831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150701

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141231

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141217

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20160126

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141218