EP1133539B1 - Reacteur permettant de gazeifier des combustibles en grains constituant un lit fixe - Google Patents

Reacteur permettant de gazeifier des combustibles en grains constituant un lit fixe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1133539B1
EP1133539B1 EP99947283A EP99947283A EP1133539B1 EP 1133539 B1 EP1133539 B1 EP 1133539B1 EP 99947283 A EP99947283 A EP 99947283A EP 99947283 A EP99947283 A EP 99947283A EP 1133539 B1 EP1133539 B1 EP 1133539B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
fixed bed
product gas
separator
annular wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99947283A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1133539A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MG Technologies AG
Original Assignee
MG Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MG Technologies AG filed Critical MG Technologies AG
Publication of EP1133539A1 publication Critical patent/EP1133539A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1133539B1 publication Critical patent/EP1133539B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reactor for gasifying granular fuels, the fuel forming a fixed bed in the reactor, in the lower region of which oxygen-containing gasifying agent is introduced, which moves upwards in the fixed bed, and wherein product gas containing hydrogen and carbon oxides is removed from the fixed bed via a discharge duct from the Discharges reactor.
  • a gasification reactor is known in which product gas is drawn off tangentially from the gas space and the end region of the reactor acts as a separator.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing the reactor mentioned at the outset in such a way that even in the case of a strong product gas stream, no disruptive amounts of fine-grained fuel are drawn off from the reactor. According to the invention, this is achieved in that at least one centrifugal separator for separating solids from the product gas is arranged in the reactor, which has an inlet opening for dust-containing product gas coming from the fixed bed, an outlet line for product gas and a solid line leading into the fixed bed, the outlet line with the discharge channel of the reactor is connected.
  • centrifugal separators are arranged in the reactor, the outlet lines of the separators in one in the upper area of the reactor arranged annular chamber open, which is connected to the discharge channel.
  • An expedient development of the invention consists in that a vertical ring wall is arranged in the upper area of the reactor and that the inlet opening of the separator is located outside the reactor area enclosed by the ring wall.
  • the ring wall ensures that the inlet opening of the separator is above the fixed bed.
  • the reactors usually operate at pressures from 1 to 80 bar.
  • the reactor of FIG. 1 has a housing (1) which is usually water-cooled.
  • the granular fuel comes from a storage container (2) and falls through the then opened valve (3) onto the fixed bed (4).
  • a rotating grate (5) In the lower area of the reactor there is a rotating grate (5), through which a mixture is passed through a gasification medium line (6) Feeds oxygen and water vapor, which is distributed from the rotating grate (5) into the fixed bed (4). In a manner not shown, ash is drawn down through the opening (7).
  • a vertical ring wall (10) is connected to the reactor housing (1) in a gas-tight manner at the upper end and serves as a boundary for an annular chamber (11) which is connected to the discharge channel (9).
  • a horizontal partition (12) is arranged in the form of an annular disc between the housing (1) and the annular wall (10) as the lower boundary of the annular chamber (11).
  • Fig. 1 two cyclones (13) are shown, the outlet lines (14) lead upwards into the annular chamber (11).
  • the inlet opening (15) of each cyclone (13) is located below the partition (12) and above the fixed bed (4).
  • Product gas containing dust which flows out of the fixed bed (4), forcibly enters through the openings (15) into one of the two cyclones (13), the separated solids being fed back into the fixed bed (4) through the respective solids discharge line (16) ,
  • the lower area of the discharge line (16) is widened for better drainage of the solids downwards.
  • the number of cyclones can be chosen arbitrarily, it will usually be 1 to 10.
  • the product gas which leaves the cyclones (13), flows through the outlet lines (14) first into the annular chamber (11) and then to the exhaust duct (9).
  • the dust content of this product gas is limited in this way, so that malfunctions are avoided.
  • the cyclones (13) are located within the area enclosed by the ring wall (10) and thus more or less in the fixed bed (4), where the temperatures are relatively low.
  • the cyclones (13) are located outside the ring wall (10) and the product gas flows around them.
  • the reference numerals of FIG. 2 have the meaning already explained together with FIG. 1.
  • a gasification reactor with a rotating grate (5) can easily be equipped with only one cyclone (13) according to FIG. 3, and likewise the reactor of FIG. 3, which has a trigger liquid Slag works, have several separating cyclones (13), as was explained together with FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Réacteur de gazéification de combustible en grains, le combustible formant dans le réacteur un lit fixe, dans la partie inférieure duquel est introduit un agent de gazéification contenant de l'oxygène et s'élevant dans le lit fixe, et l'on évacue du réacteur par un canal d'évacuation au-dessus du lit fixe du gaz produit contenant de l'hydrogène et des oxydes de carbone, caractérisé en ce qu'il est monté dans le réacteur, pour la séparation de matières solides du gaz produit au moins un séparateur à force centrifuge, qui a une ouverture d'entrée pour du gaz produit contenant de la poussière et provenant du lit fixe, un conduit de sortie pour du gaz produit et un conduit d'évacuation de matières solides menant au lit fixe, le conduit de sortie communiquant avec le canal d'évacuation du réacteur.
  2. Réacteur suivant la revendication 1,caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu plusieurs séparateurs à force centrifuge dans le réacteur, et les conduits de sortie du séparateur débouchent dans une chambre annulaire qui est disposée dans la partie supérieure du réacteur et qui communique avec le canal d'évacuation.
  3. Réacteur suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est monté dans la partie supérieure du réacteur une paroi annulaire verticale, et en ce que l'ouverture d'entrée du séparateur se trouve au-dessus de la partie du réacteur entourée par la paroi annulaire.
  4. Réacteur suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le séparateur se trouve à l'extérieur de la partie entourée par la paroi annulaire.
  5. Réacteur suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le séparateur se trouve à l'intérieur de la partie entourée par la paroi annulaire.
  6. Réacteur suivant la revendication 1 ou l'une des suivantes, caractérisé en ce que le séparateur à force centrifuge est constitué en cyclone.
EP99947283A 1998-09-11 1999-09-07 Reacteur permettant de gazeifier des combustibles en grains constituant un lit fixe Expired - Lifetime EP1133539B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19841586 1998-09-11
DE19841586A DE19841586A1 (de) 1998-09-11 1998-09-11 Reaktor zum Vergasen körniger Brennstoffe, die ein Festbett bilden
PCT/EP1999/006584 WO2000015738A1 (fr) 1998-09-11 1999-09-07 Reacteur permettant de gazeifier des combustibles en grains constituant un lit fixe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1133539A1 EP1133539A1 (fr) 2001-09-19
EP1133539B1 true EP1133539B1 (fr) 2003-01-29

Family

ID=7880615

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99947283A Expired - Lifetime EP1133539B1 (fr) 1998-09-11 1999-09-07 Reacteur permettant de gazeifier des combustibles en grains constituant un lit fixe

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7258841B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1133539B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1128201C (fr)
DE (2) DE19841586A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2190251T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000015738A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA995847B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010139296A2 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Lurgi Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de gazéification de houille en bouillonnement

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104109561B (zh) * 2014-06-30 2017-01-11 狄国旺 一种内置旋风除尘器的生物质气化炉
RU2693961C1 (ru) * 2018-07-18 2019-07-08 Николай Борисович Болотин Газогенераторная электроустановка
CN113801701B (zh) * 2021-09-06 2022-05-20 华中科技大学 一种适合于宽筛分原料的气化反应器

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2958298A (en) * 1957-06-10 1960-11-01 Burns & Roe Inc Process for producing gas turbine feed
US4021184A (en) * 1975-10-02 1977-05-03 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Dilute phase waste incinerator
DE2640180B2 (de) * 1976-09-07 1980-10-23 Projektierung Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 4030 Ratingen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen fester Brennstoffe
DD133819A1 (de) * 1977-07-19 1979-01-24 Dieter Eidner Vorrichtung zur zufuehrung des vergasungsstoffes zum sc
DE2736687A1 (de) * 1977-08-16 1979-03-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vergasung koerniger kohle unter erhoehtem druck
DE2742222C2 (de) * 1977-09-20 1987-08-20 Carbon Gas Technologie GmbH, 4030 Ratingen Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Gaserzeugung aus festen Brennstoffen im Wirbelbett
DD135506A1 (de) * 1978-04-24 1979-05-09 Dieter Eidner Vorrichtung zur verringerung des staubaustrages aus druckgasgeneratoren
DE2947222C2 (de) * 1979-11-23 1987-05-07 Carbon Gas Technologie GmbH, 4030 Ratingen Vorrichtung zur Vergasung von festen, staubförmigen bis stückigen kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen und deren Verwendung
DD150906A1 (de) * 1980-05-22 1981-09-23 Roscher Karl Dieter Verfahren und vorrichtung zur festbettdruckvergasung
DE3244769C2 (de) * 1982-12-03 1987-03-05 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Vorrichtung zur Feinstaubabscheidung bei einem Wirbelschichtreaktor
CA1211286A (fr) * 1983-05-16 1986-09-16 Hugh L. Campbell, Iii Gaseificateur a lit fixe et epurateur du gaz, et methode de production de gaz combustibles
US5174799A (en) * 1990-04-06 1992-12-29 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Horizontal cyclone separator for a fluidized bed reactor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010139296A2 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-12-09 Lurgi Gmbh Procédé et dispositif de gazéification de houille en bouillonnement
DE102009023457A1 (de) 2009-06-02 2010-12-16 Lurgi Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von backender Steinkohle
DE102009023457B4 (de) * 2009-06-02 2011-05-19 Lurgi Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von backender Steinkohle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1133539A1 (fr) 2001-09-19
CN1128201C (zh) 2003-11-19
CN1290291A (zh) 2001-04-04
ES2190251T3 (es) 2003-07-16
WO2000015738A1 (fr) 2000-03-23
DE19841586A1 (de) 2000-03-16
US7258841B1 (en) 2007-08-21
ZA995847B (en) 2001-03-12
DE59904195D1 (de) 2003-03-06

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