EP1121561B1 - Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine radial- oder slinger-brennkammer einer kleingasturbine - Google Patents
Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine radial- oder slinger-brennkammer einer kleingasturbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1121561B1 EP1121561B1 EP99946177A EP99946177A EP1121561B1 EP 1121561 B1 EP1121561 B1 EP 1121561B1 EP 99946177 A EP99946177 A EP 99946177A EP 99946177 A EP99946177 A EP 99946177A EP 1121561 B1 EP1121561 B1 EP 1121561B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- compressor
- rotor shaft
- gas turbine
- radial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/38—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising rotary fuel injection means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injection system for a radial or Slinger combustion chamber of a small gas turbine with one of the radial or Slinger combustion chambers upstream radial compressor or diagonal compressor and one connected to it via an axial rotor shaft Turbine part, wherein the fuel through in the impeller of the radial compressor / Diagonal compressor delivery pipe in a near the compressor Crossing part of the rotor shaft located in the combustion chamber arrives and in this essentially in the radial direction Supply holes are fed to the combustion chamber.
- the environment is referred to US 5,526,640.
- the Slinger combustion chamber is also called the fuel through a concentric to the axis of rotation of the radial compressor (under this term is also used to refer to the so-called diagonal compressors) or the bore in the compressor impeller or through the rotor shaft a delivery pipe provided therein is directed to the combustion chamber. It flows due to the rotary movement of the rotor shaft or the compressor impeller due to the resulting centrifugal forces, the fuel as a thin film along the wall of the bore or the delivery pipe to just below the Primary zone of the combustion chamber. There he is in the known state of the art by a suitable tear-off edge or by individual radially arranged Sprayed nozzles into the primary zone of the combustion chamber.
- the ventilation can also be carried out at least in sections hollow rotor shaft, so to speak, to the rear, and for example through a central outlet opening in the turbine disk the back and from there into the thrust nozzle of the small gas turbine.
- this combustion chamber leak air advantageously as cooling air for the Back of the turbine disc can be used and also generated Thrust through the admixture into the exhaust gas jet of the small gas turbine.
- a fuel injection system for a gas turbine is previously known from US Pat. No. 3,018,625.
- the gas turbine is equipped with a radial compressor or diagonal compressor, through the impeller a delivery pipe extends through which fuel into an intersection part of the combustion chamber located in the vicinity of the compressor Rotor shaft arrives.
- the fuel is supplied through the radial boreholes Combustion chamber fed. Leakage air is provided in the intersection Vent holes drilled from the back of the compressor to the environment.
- the invention has for its object a gas turbine fuel injection system to create the type mentioned, in which a uniform circumferential Fuel injection is guaranteed.
- Reference number 1 denotes a Slinger combustion chamber of a small gas turbine, which - as shown in particular in FIG. 1 - has a radial compressor 2 upstream.
- the so-called turbine part 5 of the small gas turbine or more precisely the turbine disk 5a of the turbine part 5 is connected to the compressor impeller 2a of this radial compressor 2 via a rotor shaft 4 running in the axial direction 3.
- the compressor impeller 2a, the rotor shaft 4 and the turbine disk 5a rotate about the so-called central axis 19 of the small gas turbine.
- the radial compressor 2 promotes an air flow to be fed to the combustion chamber 1 in the direction of the arrow 6, which is required within the latter for the combustion of the fuel also fed to the combustion chamber 1.
- Part of this air flow also designated with reference number 6 for the sake of simplicity, does not, however, enter the combustion chamber 1 due to the different pressure conditions present in the different zones of the small gas turbine, but rather does not enter the combustion chamber 1 or its radial compressor 2 in FIG.
- the compressor back space located on the back of the compressor impeller 2a 8 must therefore be ventilated, i.e. the combustion chamber leak air 6a must also be removed from the compressor rear space 8 again.
- the front end of the rotor shaft facing the compressor impeller 2a 4 flange-shaped and thereby represents a so-called crossing part 4b
- This flange-like crossing part 4b Through this flange-like crossing part 4b, several (preferred here evenly distributed over the circumference of the intersection part 4b three) Vent holes 9 through, which thus a connection between the Rotor shaft interior 4a and ultimately the compressor rear space 8 produce. Otherwise, the rotor shaft is via this flange-like crossing part 4b 4 rotatably connected to the compressor impeller 2a.
- the fuel introduced in this way thus passes through the delivery pipe 12 (and in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 2 via a centrifugal force siphon 14, which will be explained in more detail later) into a distribution chamber which is preferably provided centrally in the intersection part 4b of the rotor shaft 4, but away from the ventilation bores 9 15, from which a plurality of supply bores 17 extending in the radial direction 16 branch off.
- a distribution chamber which is preferably provided centrally in the intersection part 4b of the rotor shaft 4, but away from the ventilation bores 9 15, from which a plurality of supply bores 17 extending in the radial direction 16 branch off.
- these supply bores 17, which are also provided in the intersection part 4b and which are arranged offset to the ventilation bores 9, so that the supply bores 17 and the ventilation bores 9 do not intersect, the fuel can therefore ultimately get into the combustion chamber 1.
- Three such supply bores 17 are preferably provided distributed uniformly over the circumference of the intersection part 4b.
- the rotor shaft 4 completely in the area of the intersection part 4b by a so-called splash ring 18 surrounded, the at least in the mouth area of the supply holes 17 slightly is spaced from the rotor shaft 4, and together with the Rotor shaft 4 rotates about the central axis 19 of the small gas turbine.
- the one from the Supply holes 17 emerging fuel can thus be within the Thrower 18 over its entire circumference (and thus also over the Distribute the circumference of the rotor shaft 4) before it is better distributed and thus atomizes into the actual combustion chamber 1 or into the primary zone thereof arrives.
- the spray ring 18 is essentially trough-shaped on its side facing the supply bores 17, that is to say it forms a collar 18a which is delimited by its collar 18a, which is on the right here and is exposed to the combustion chamber 1, and which faces the rotor shaft 4 with its top side with respect to the rotor shaft 4, so-called splash ring trough 18b, within which the fuel emerging from the supply bores 17 can initially be distributed evenly over the inner circumference of the spray ring 18 due to centrifugal force before it actually reaches the primary zone of the combustion chamber 1.
- centrifugal siphon 14 provided between the delivery pipe 12 and the distribution chamber 15 in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, reference being made in particular to the enlarged illustration according to FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity.
- the purpose of this centrifugal siphon 14 is to seal the initial area of the fuel injection system, namely the fuel injection tube 13 and the delivery pipe 12, from the combustion chamber 1, in particular in order to ensure excellent controllability of the entire fuel injection system of the small gas turbine, even at low speeds, and beyond Ensure the possibility of a windmill start often desired in small gas turbines as best as possible.
- the fuel brought in via the injection tube 13 exits the delivery pipe 12 again under the influence of centrifugal force onto the inner surface of a so-called distributor cone 20 and over this due to a baffle plate 21 provided in the intersection part 4b along the same via one between the free end of the distributor cone 20 as well as the baffle plate 21 not specified in the radial direction 16 to the outside into an annular gap 22 surrounding the baffle plate 21 on the outside. From there, the fuel then moves inwards along the side of the baffle plate 21 facing away from the distributor cone 20 in the radial direction 16 , ie in the direction of the central axis 19 into the distribution chamber 15 already described.
- FIG. 2 a screw connection designated by reference numeral 23, via which the compressor impeller 2a is flanged to the rotor shaft 4 or to the crossing part 4b thereof. Furthermore, the flow path of the combustion chamber leakage air 6a already explained in detail at the beginning is also shown in more detail in this FIG. 2 than in FIG .
- this combustion chamber leakage air 6a comes from the annulus designated by the reference number 24, that of the combustion chamber end wall 25, from a partition wall designated by the reference number 26 (this is the non-rotating part already mentioned several times) the small gas turbine) and the flange-like crossing part 4b of the rotor shaft 4 is limited, via the gap 27 between the partition wall 26 and the crossing part 4b, which is sealed by the seal 7 provided there as a labyrinth seal, which, however, does not allow complete sealing, in the Compressor rear space 8.
- the combustion chamber leakage air 6a mixes with another air stream that enters here due to the different pressure conditions and can then enter the transfer bores 29 into the transition bores 29 provided in the flange-shaped section 28 of the compressor impeller 2a, which interacts with the flange-like crossing part 4b explained vent holes 9, which in turn (in the embodiment according to Fig. 1, 2 inclined with respect to the axial direction 3) open into the rotor shaft interior 4a.
- no centrifugal siphon described in connection with FIG . 2 is provided, so that the delivery pipe 12, which is preferably soldered into a suitable receptacle in the crossing part 4b, opens directly into the distribution chamber 15.
- the compressor impeller 2a is designed slightly differently, so that the ventilation bores 9, which branch off from a chamber designated by the reference number 30 through which the delivery pipe 12 passes, run at least essentially in the axial direction 3.
- the combustion chamber leakage air 6a which is to be removed from the compressor rear space 8 and possibly mixed with a further air flow, also enters this chamber 30 via a transition bore, again designated by the reference number 29.
- 3 also shows a compression spring-loaded mechanical seal 31 provided at the upstream end of the delivery pipe 12 and surrounding the fuel injection pipe 13, by means of which the interior of the delivery pipe 12 is sealed from the surroundings.
- a throttle point 32 is used in the supply bore (s) 17 for the fuel which is led through the supply bore 17 in the radial direction 16, here in the form of a suitably designed screwed-in throttle element.
- a pressure gradient builds up in the fuel injection system under the influence of centrifugal force, which prevents combustion chamber air from pressing back into the delivery pipe 12.
- the mechanical seal 31 shown in FIG . 3 is therefore not necessary here.
- the splash ring 18 is shaped somewhat differently than in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1, 2.
- This different shape is also related to the different design of the compressor impeller 2a or the flange-like section 28 of the same , as can be seen in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 3, 4, the screw connection designated by the reference number 23 in FIG. 2 has been replaced by a welded connection, however this and a large number of further details, in particular of a constructive nature, can be designed quite differently from the exemplary embodiments shown, without leaving the content of the claims.
- With the measures described one always obtains both a uniform fuel injection into the combustion chamber 1 and an optimal ventilation of the compressor rear space 8.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Description
- Fig.1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Kleingasturbine, in welchem neben der Brennkammer sowie dem Brennstoffeinspritzsystem auch der Radialverdichter sowie das Turbinenteil dargestellt sind,
- Fig.2
- das Brennstoffeinspritzsystem aus Fig.1 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
- Fig.3
- ein gegenüber Fig.2 abgewandeltes Brennstoffeinspritzsystem, sowie
- Fig.4
- eine Abwandlung des in Fig.3 dargestellten Brennstoffeinspritzsystemes.
- 1
- Radial- oder Slinger-Brennkammer, auch nur Brennkammer genannt
- 2
- Radialverdichter
- 2a
- Verdichter-Laufrad
- 3
- Axialrichtung
- 4
- Rotorwelle
- 4a
- Innenraum von 4
- 4b
- (flanschartiges) Kreuzungsteil von 4
- 4c
- Abführrohr
- 5
- Turbinenteil
- 5a
- Turbinenscheibe
- 6
- der Brennkammer zugeführter Luftstrom, von 2 gefördert
- 6a
- Brennkammer-Leckluft
- 7
- Dichtung im Spalt zwischen rotierenden und nicht rotierenden Teilen
- 8
- Verdichter-Rückraum
- 9
- Entlüftungsbohrung (in 4b)
- 10
- (zentrale) Austrittsöffnung (in 5a)
- 11
- (zentrale) Bohrung in 2a, die 12 aufnimmt
- 12
- Förderrohr (für Brennstoff, in 2a verlaufend)
- 13
- Brennstoff-Einspritzröhrchen
- 14
- Fliehkraftsiphon
- 15
- Verteilerkammer (für Brennstoff, in 4b)
- 16
- Radialrichtung
- 17
- Zulieferbohrung (für Brennstoff, in 4b)
- 18
- Spritzring
- 18a
- Bund von 18
- 18b
- Spritzring-Wanne
- 18c
- Abrißkante
- 19
- Zentralachse (der Kleingasturbine)
- 20
- Verteilerkonus
- 21
- Prallplatte
- 22
- Ringspalt
- 23
- Schraubverbindung
- 24
- Ringraum
- 25
- Brennkammer-Stirnwand
- 26
- Trennwand
- 27
- Spalt
- 28
- Abschnitt von 1a
- 29
- Übertrittsbohrung
- 30
- Kammer
- 31
- Gleitringdichtung
- 32
- Drosselstelle
Claims (3)
- Gasturbinen-Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Radial- oder Slinger-Brennkammer
einer Kleingasturbine mit einem der Radial- oder Slinger-Brennkammer (1) vorgelagerten Radialverdichter (2) oder Diagonalverdichter und einem mit diesem über eine in Axialrichtung (3) verlaufende Rotorwelle (4) verbundenen Turbinenteil (5),
wobei der Brennstoff durch ein im Laufrad (2a) des Radialverdichters /Diagonalverdichters vorgesehenes Förderrohr (12) in ein im verdichtemahen Bereich der Brennkammer (1) liegendes Kreuzungsteil (4b) der Rotorwelle (4) gelangt und über in diesem im wesentlichen in Radialrichtung (16) verlaufende Zulieferbohrungen (17) der Brennkammer (1) zugeführt wird,
und wobei im Kreuzungsteil (4b) versetzt zu den Zulieferbohrungen (17) angeordnete Entlüftungsbohrungen (9) vorgesehen sind, über welche die in den Verdichter-Rückraum (8) gelangende Brennkammer-Leckluft (6a) in den Innenraum (4a) der zumindest abschnittsweise hohl ausgebildeten Rotorwelle (4) gelangt, um über diese durch eine insbesondere zentrale Austrittsöffnung (10) in der Turbinenscheibe (5a) in die Umgebung abgeführt zu werden,
gekennzeichnet durch
einen die Rotorwelle (4) im Bereich des Kreuzungsteiles (4b) vollständig umgebenden Spritzring (18), der zumindest im Mündungsbereich der Zulieferbohrungen (17) geringfügig von der Rotorwelle (4) beabstandet ist und zusammen mit dieser um die Zentralachse (19) der Kleingasturbine rotiert, wobei im oder
stromauf des Kreuzungsteil(es) (4b) ein den Zulieferbohrungen (17) vorgelagerter Fliehkraftsiphon (14) vorgesehen ist. - Gasturbinen-Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Spritzring (18) auf der den Zulieferbohrungen (17) zugewandten Seite wannenförmig ausgebildet und zur Brennkammer (1) hin mit einer Abrißkante (18c) versehen ist. - Gasturbinen-Brennstoffeinspritzsystem
nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die insbesondere drei, über dem Umfang des Kreuzungsteiles (4b) gleichmäßig verteilten Zulieferbohrungen (17) jeweils mit einer Drosselstelle (32) versehen sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19846976 | 1998-10-12 | ||
DE19846976A DE19846976A1 (de) | 1998-10-12 | 1998-10-12 | Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine Radial- oder Slinger-Brennkammer einer Kleingasturbine |
PCT/EP1999/006838 WO2000022350A1 (de) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-09-15 | Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine radial- oder slinger-brennkammer einer kleingasturbine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1121561A1 EP1121561A1 (de) | 2001-08-08 |
EP1121561B1 true EP1121561B1 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
Family
ID=7884197
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99946177A Expired - Lifetime EP1121561B1 (de) | 1998-10-12 | 1999-09-15 | Brennstoffeinspritzsystem für eine radial- oder slinger-brennkammer einer kleingasturbine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1121561B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19846976A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000022350A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202005006522U1 (de) * | 2005-04-23 | 2006-06-01 | Priebe, Klaus-Peter | Dichtspaltregelung |
RU2487258C1 (ru) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-07-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный институт авиационного моторостроения имени П.И. Баранова" | Газогенератор гтд |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19852768A1 (de) | 1998-11-16 | 2000-05-18 | Bmw Rolls Royce Gmbh | Kleingasturbine mit einer Radial- oder Slinger-Brennkammer |
US7762072B2 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2010-07-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Combustion systems with rotary fuel slingers |
US7942006B2 (en) | 2007-03-26 | 2011-05-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Combustors and combustion systems for gas turbine engines |
ES2322317B1 (es) * | 2007-06-20 | 2010-03-31 | Futur Investment Partners, S.A. | Turbopropulsor aeronautico. |
GB201509458D0 (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-07-15 | Samad Power Ltd | Micro-CHP gas fired boiler with gas turbine assembly |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1011066A (fr) * | 1948-11-30 | 1952-06-18 | Chambre de combustion | |
DE1152850B (de) * | 1960-04-30 | 1963-08-14 | Bmw Triebwerkbau Ges M B H | Gasturbine, insbesondere Kleingasturbine |
US3018625A (en) * | 1960-06-27 | 1962-01-30 | Continental Aviat & Eng Corp | Internal combustion turbine engine |
US3983694A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-10-05 | Eaton Corporation | Cup-shaped fuel slinger |
US4232526A (en) * | 1978-12-26 | 1980-11-11 | Teledyne Industries, Inc. | High intensity slinger type combustor for turbine engines |
US4429527A (en) * | 1981-06-19 | 1984-02-07 | Teets J Michael | Turbine engine with combustor premix system |
DE3585231D1 (de) * | 1984-10-10 | 1992-02-27 | Marius A Paul | Gasturbinenmotor. |
US5042256A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1991-08-27 | Teledyne Industries, Inc. | Turbine shaft fuel pump |
US5022228A (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1991-06-11 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Over the shaft fuel pumping system |
-
1998
- 1998-10-12 DE DE19846976A patent/DE19846976A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-09-15 WO PCT/EP1999/006838 patent/WO2000022350A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-15 EP EP99946177A patent/EP1121561B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-15 DE DE59907475T patent/DE59907475D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202005006522U1 (de) * | 2005-04-23 | 2006-06-01 | Priebe, Klaus-Peter | Dichtspaltregelung |
RU2487258C1 (ru) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-07-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Центральный институт авиационного моторостроения имени П.И. Баранова" | Газогенератор гтд |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19846976A1 (de) | 2000-04-13 |
EP1121561A1 (de) | 2001-08-08 |
WO2000022350A1 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
DE59907475D1 (de) | 2003-11-27 |
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