EP1112395A1 - Dispositif et procede de preparation de matiere vegetale fibreuse - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede de preparation de matiere vegetale fibreuse

Info

Publication number
EP1112395A1
EP1112395A1 EP99968688A EP99968688A EP1112395A1 EP 1112395 A1 EP1112395 A1 EP 1112395A1 EP 99968688 A EP99968688 A EP 99968688A EP 99968688 A EP99968688 A EP 99968688A EP 1112395 A1 EP1112395 A1 EP 1112395A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
plant material
fiber plant
cutting
separating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99968688A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Nikolai Strub
Tim Ullner
Peter Funke
Gottfried Von Bismarck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmermund Verpackungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Schmermund Verpackungstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmermund Verpackungstechnik GmbH filed Critical Schmermund Verpackungstechnik GmbH
Publication of EP1112395A1 publication Critical patent/EP1112395A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for processing fiber plant material, in particular hemp plants, for further processing. It also relates to a new use of a tobacco cutter in the tobacco processing industry.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a further method and a further device of the type described at the outset which enable a more rational and productive preparation of the fiber plant materials for subsequent or subsequent further processing.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention for a method of the type mentioned at the outset in that the fiber plant material is pressed and then cut into sections of the desired length.
  • the preferably usable fiber components are then separated from the stream of the cut fiber plant material so that they can be processed separately.
  • the object is achieved by means of conveying means for moving the fibrous plant material in a conveying direction along a conveying path through a compression zone, pressing means arranged on both sides of the conveying path for compressing a fibrous plant material conveyed through the compressing zone and a cutting device for cutting the compressed fibrous plant material into Sections of a given length.
  • the invention further provides a separating arrangement for separating the fiber parts from the wood and stem parts of the cut fiber plant material.
  • a further solution to the problem consists in the use according to the invention of a cutting tool in the tobacco processing industry of tobacco cutters known for pressing, breaking open and cutting fiber plant material, in particular hemp plants.
  • the particular advantage of the invention is that it allows rational processing of the fiber plant material for further processing.
  • the method and device work with a large material throughput and high efficiency.
  • the uniform crushing of the pressed fiber plant material with the tobacco cutter already leads to a loosening of the fiber parts contained in the material flow from the wood and stem parts. This facilitates and optimizes the subsequent spatial separation of the fiber parts from the wood and stem parts.
  • the method and device according to the invention meet the modern requirements for productivity and quality of the product to a high degree. It is of particular advantage that an already functional tobacco cutter can be used to shred the fiber plant material and that its use makes it easier to separate the fiber components from the other material components and improves them significantly in terms of yield.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified section with a schematically illustrated pneumatic classifier arrangement from the side view of FIG. 1,
  • Figure 3 is a side view of an alternative pressing and cutting device with a linearly moving knife
  • Figure 4 shows an enlarged section of the guide and drive elements of the knife.
  • Figure 1 shows as a device according to the invention, a machine which is known in the tobacco processing industry as a tobacco cutter.
  • the embodiment shown is a tobacco cutter of the KT type from Hauni Maschinenbau AG, Hamburg. However, other tobacco cutters or other machines of this type can also be used.
  • the device has, as a device for feeding the fiber plant material 1 and for forming a multilayer fiber plant material flow, a shaft 2 which can be filled with the fiber plant material 1 from a supply (not shown) and to which the material 1 can be fed in portions or continuously.
  • a rake 3 which oscillates back and forth in the direction of the arrow, deflects the material 1 from the shaft in batches into a press device 7 consisting of two press conveyors in the form of press chains 4 and 6.
  • the endless press chains 4 and 6 which are arranged one above the other and converge in the direction of conveyance (arrow 8), grip the fiber plant material 1 on two opposite sides and convey it under compression and compression to a cake 11, a mouthpiece consisting of an upper part 12 and a lower part 13 14 to.
  • the lower press chain 6 is guided around a toothed drum 26 in the region of the mouthpiece 14 and around a smooth deflection roller 27 in the rear region.
  • a corresponding toothed drum and deflection roller for the upper press chain 4 are designated 28 and 29, respectively.
  • the press chains are driven by a drive 9.
  • the press chain 6 is guided with its strand capturing the fiber plant material 1 over a support plate (not shown in the drawing) made of plastic or another slidable and as abrasion-resistant material as possible, which is fastened on a carrier plate 31.
  • a corresponding support plate for the upper press chain 4 is designated 32.
  • the mouthpiece and the press chains are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that a gap 15 of the smallest possible width is formed between them in order to avoid that fiber plant material penetrates between the mouthpiece and the press chain and blocks the press chain.
  • a pressure generator 16 which is connected to a control arrangement 20, acts on the upper press chain 4.
  • the pressing pressure exerted by the pressure generator 16 on the fiber plant material can be changed in a controlled manner.
  • the lower part 13 of the mouthpiece is provided as a counter knife for knives 17 which are arranged approximately in the axial direction on the circumference of a knife drum 19 rotatable by a drive 18.
  • the knives 17 cut narrow strips 21 of fiber plant material from the material cake 11.
  • the strips 21 of cut fiber plant material separated from the material cake 11 fall down as a loosened shower 33 and finally reach a channel 22 through which they are conveyed and fed to a screening and / or sifting and / or further processing.
  • a screen or sifting device is indicated schematically in the drawing and designated 25.
  • the output of the mouthpiece 14 can be assigned a cutting device with at least one cutting knife which can be moved approximately linearly transversely to the conveying direction of the fiber plant material cake 11 and which cuts the material strips 21 like guillotine from the fiber plant material. separates material cake 11, which is explained below using a corresponding alternative embodiment.
  • the fiber plant material 1 which contains, for example, hemp plants or the usable parts of such plants, is fed to the shaft 2 in portions or continuously.
  • the rake 3 deflects the fibrous plant material 1 by its back and forth movement in the direction of the arrow towards the pressing device 7, where it is gripped by the pressing chains 4 and 6 converging towards one another.
  • the press chains 4 and 6 convey the fiber plant material 1 along a conveying path through the compression zone 5 towards the mouthpiece 14 and press and compress it in the process.
  • the pressure required for this is applied to the upper press chain 4 by the pressure generator 16 controlled by the control arrangement 20.
  • the pressure of the press chains can be optimally adjusted and maintained by means of the control arrangement 20.
  • the press chains 4 and 6 press the material 1 together to form a fiber plant material cake 11, from which fiber plant material strips 21 are cut off with the rotating knives 17 of the knife drum 19, which as showers 33 go down into the channel 22 and further for further processing.
  • a sieve or sifting device 25 is connected to the channel, which contains the cut fiber plant material
  • the fibers can be separated Parts are sifted out of the cut fiber plant material and / or pneumatically or hydraulically.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of a variant of the device shown in FIG. 1. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in Figure 1 and will not be described again.
  • the variant of the device shown in FIG. 2 is designed such that, immediately after the fiber plant material strips 21 have been separated from the cake 11, a pneumatic sifting takes place in the downward moving shower 33, which separates the lighter fiber parts 34 from the heavier wood and stem parts 36 separates.
  • air outlet openings 39 are provided on a rear guide wall 37 which are connected to a compressed air source 38 and which emit a visible air flow 42 directed transversely to the fall direction of the fiber plant material shower.
  • the lighter parts 34 While the heavier parts 36 of the shower continue to descend into the channel 22, the lighter parts 34 are laterally deflected by the sifting air flow into a collecting space 41, from which they are transported away for further processing using known conveying means, not shown here.
  • the fiber plant material portions 36 passing through the channel 22 can, as shown in FIG. 1, be subjected to an after-inspection in the screening or sifting device 25 before they are subjected to further processing. With this two-stage sifting, the yield of fiber material can be increased again.
  • the pressing device 107 consists of two converging press chains 104 and 106 and a pressure generator 116 in the form of a press roller 143 arranged between the upper press chain 104 and the mouthpiece 114, which, when the pressing pressure in the cake 111 is too high, counteracts the load on press weights 144 can be raised to relieve pressure.
  • a flywheel 147 driven by a motor 146 is connected to a crankshaft 148 which carries an eccentrically mounted main knife 149 which is articulated at the lower end with a guide lever 152 which can be pivoted about an axis 151 and can be moved up and down like a guillotine.
  • Fixed to the main knife 149 is a scoring knife bar 153, the scoring knife of which is cut by numerous parallel scoring lines before the cake 111 is cut by the downwardly moving main knife 149. In this way, a cake that is well prepared for appropriate further processing is obtained from a cake 111 that has been pre-compressed by high pressure and is made of material that is difficult to handle and in particular contains hard fiber components.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif et procédé de préparation de matière végétale fibreuse, en particulier de chanvre, en vue du traitement ultérieur de ladite matière. La matière végétale fibreuse (1) est introduite dans la trémie réceptrice (2) d'une machine à couper le tabac connue dans l'industrie de transformation du tabac, comprimée, et donc écrasée, à l'aide d'un dispositif de pressage (7) fonctionnant en continu et comportant des convoyeurs de pressage (4, 6) convergents circulant de manière rotative, puis coupée lors de sa sortie par une ouverture (14), à l'aide d'un dispositif de coupe doté de couteaux rotatifs (17), en tronçons (21) d'une longueur désirée. La partie fibreuse (34) et la partie bois et tiges (36) constituant la matière végétale fibreuse sont séparées l'une de l'autre et ultérieurement traitées séparément. La présente invention permet de séparer avantageusement, de manière rationnelle et efficace, la partie fibres de la partie bois et tiges d'une masse de matière végétale fibreuse, pour un débit de matière élevé.
EP99968688A 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Dispositif et procede de preparation de matiere vegetale fibreuse Withdrawn EP1112395A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19841092A DE19841092A1 (de) 1998-09-09 1998-09-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von Faserpflanzenmaterial
DE19841092 1998-09-09
PCT/EP1999/006587 WO2000014312A1 (fr) 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Dispositif et procede de preparation de matiere vegetale fibreuse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1112395A1 true EP1112395A1 (fr) 2001-07-04

Family

ID=7880297

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99968688A Withdrawn EP1112395A1 (fr) 1998-09-09 1999-09-07 Dispositif et procede de preparation de matiere vegetale fibreuse

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1112395A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1316025A (fr)
AU (1) AU5974599A (fr)
CA (1) CA2342989A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE19841092A1 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0104055A2 (fr)
PL (1) PL346539A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2000014312A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10346365B4 (de) * 2003-09-30 2005-08-18 Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Naturfaserpflanzen
WO2007133098A1 (fr) 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 INSTYTUT WLOKIEN NATURALNYCH Institute of Natural Fibers Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines
CN101688328B (zh) * 2007-05-23 2012-02-08 艾伯塔创新-未来技术公司 剥制工艺
DE102010062153A1 (de) 2010-11-29 2012-05-31 Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Bornim e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserstoffen
CN103586905B (zh) * 2013-10-16 2015-06-03 海南大学 夹持式香蕉茎秆切断装置
CN103820865B (zh) * 2014-03-14 2016-01-20 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 用于处理苎麻茎秆的分离设备
EP2963197B1 (fr) 2014-06-30 2017-11-22 NAPORO Klima Dämmstoff GmbH Procédé de préparation de broyage de matières premières renouvelables en fibre végétale, pour la transformation, notamment en nattes isolantes, et les matières premières renouvelables broyées obtenues selon ce procédé.
ITUB20159228A1 (it) * 2015-12-18 2017-06-18 Angelo Franzone Macchina sfibratrice per la separazione della fibra dal canapulo di canne di canapa e processo associato.
CN110916225A (zh) * 2019-11-13 2020-03-27 益阳滔溪竹麻林纺科技发展有限公司 一种麻类作物的生产系统
US11873579B1 (en) 2022-07-29 2024-01-16 Tom Pires Hemp separation methods and apparatus

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2557313C2 (de) * 1975-12-19 1983-12-08 Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg Tabakschneider
IT1204710B (it) * 1987-06-10 1989-03-10 Gardella Impianti Sistemi Ind Apparecchiature per decorticare piante ricche di fibre lunghe direttamente sul campo
FR2623527B1 (fr) * 1987-11-19 1991-04-26 Lin Dev Sa Procede de preparation en continu de tiges de vegetaux et installation de preparation permettant la mise en oeuvre dudit procede
DE4416805C2 (de) * 1994-05-11 1996-07-18 Windi Winderlich Gmbh Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Flachsfasern
AUPO010496A0 (en) * 1996-05-24 1996-06-20 Mierisch, Charles George Improvements in or relating to harvesting

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0014312A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5974599A (en) 2000-03-27
HUP0104055A2 (hu) 2002-02-28
CN1316025A (zh) 2001-10-03
PL346539A1 (en) 2002-02-11
WO2000014312A1 (fr) 2000-03-16
DE19841092A1 (de) 2000-03-16
CA2342989A1 (fr) 2000-03-16

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