WO2007133098A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007133098A1
WO2007133098A1 PCT/PL2006/000030 PL2006000030W WO2007133098A1 WO 2007133098 A1 WO2007133098 A1 WO 2007133098A1 PL 2006000030 W PL2006000030 W PL 2006000030W WO 2007133098 A1 WO2007133098 A1 WO 2007133098A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hemp
panicles
stems
harvesting
knife
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/PL2006/000030
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ryszard Kaniewski
Tadeusz Potocki
Original Assignee
INSTYTUT WLOKIEN NATURALNYCH Institute of Natural Fibers
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INSTYTUT WLOKIEN NATURALNYCH Institute of Natural Fibers filed Critical INSTYTUT WLOKIEN NATURALNYCH Institute of Natural Fibers
Priority to PCT/PL2006/000030 priority Critical patent/WO2007133098A1/fr
Priority to EP06747720A priority patent/EP2076111A1/fr
Publication of WO2007133098A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007133098A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/06—Harvesting of standing crops of flax or similar fibrous plants
    • A01D45/065—Harvesting of standing crops of flax or similar fibrous plants of fibrous plants other than flax, e.g. ramie, sisal, hemp, jute, Spanish grass, raffia

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a method and a device for harvesting hemp grown for seeds, where seed-containing panicles are cut-off and stems are left in the field for dew retting or are dried in the field. Stem sections without panicles are swathed in the form of a ridge for dew-retting or drying while sections with panicles are loaded on the trailer for drying and ginning to recover seeds.
  • Hemp is an industrial plant with a considerable height of stems reaching 2.5-4 m which yields seeds, stem fiber and shives used by industry. Hemp fiber is traditionally used for production of coarse fabrics, ropes, twine and recently more and more often for long-fibrous pulp. Seeds are used for oil pressing, fodder, while panicles are used for extraction of essential oil used by pharmaceutical and food industry and in aromatherapy.
  • hemp is grown for fiber which later is to be upgraded, it is grown for fiber exclusively at higher sowing densities and harvested early. Mowed stems are swathed in the field for dew-retting which allows for decomposition of pectin inside stems and separation of fiber from woody parts of stem.
  • a two-purpose cultivation is used, in which plants are harvested at full maturity stage.
  • plants are mowed, bundled and bundles are arranged in cones and left in the filed to ensure drying before ginning.
  • Plants are ginned, using specialized devices moving from cone to cone, and followed by packing seeds in sacks. Chaffs are blown to the field during ginning and ginned bundles are taken away for further processing.
  • Harvest is often carried out using regular mowers.
  • a specialized mower is also used for hemp harvesting - Russian ZK-1, 9.
  • This mower has a knife assembled on supporting frame. Over the knife a divider is located which is combined with sectional conveyors that transport the mowed stems to a bundle binder.
  • a swathing device dropping mowed stems directly in the field is assembled instead of the bundle binder.
  • the method of hemp harvesting consists in cutting up the stems into at least three sections, separating the stems from seed panicles and spreading the remaining stem sections in layers in the field directly after harvesting the plants.
  • the hemp harvesting machine is equipped in sectional band clamping conveyors. Behind the conveyors the platform of needle transporters is located, the needle transporters being situated diagonally towards the direction of the sectional conveyor, and two zones are differentiated in this unit: zone (A) feeding the raw material to the circular saw assembly, and zone (B) discharging the material.
  • each saw cooperates with a pair of needle transporters, while transporter, located in the vicinity of the saw has a linear velocity higher than the velocity of the other transporter of the pair.
  • Two distributing sliding shears are mounted on the side edge of the platform.
  • Conveyor belt is situated perpendicularly to the rear edge of the platform and adjustably in the horizontal axis.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of mechanical extraction of natural fibers, especially flax and hemp fiber, from broken, retted or non-retted stems of fibrous plants in a simultaneous process of braking.
  • the process of simultaneous breaking is performed on fibrous plant stems arranged parallel one to each other.
  • the stems are moving between feeding cylinders towards the outer surface of turning cylinder furnished in sticking out tearing elements.
  • the result of the action is a mixture of tangled natural fibers and fragments of wooden part of stems which are cleaned and fiber is separated.
  • the two cutter-bars are coupled to a threshing, picking and conveyor machine.
  • the stalks and the seeds are conveyed into separate containers on a towed vehicle and saved as appropriate.
  • a bottom cutter-bar attached to the tractor's front hydraulic system deposits the harvested plants between the tractor tires as a middle swath.
  • a stalk-cutter in front of the bottom cutter-bar avoids tangling.
  • a stationary or slowly turning metal or textile casing protects the top part of the cutter- drums of the bottom cutter-bar from becoming tangled up with long stalks.
  • JP2004073137 published 2004-03-11
  • the subject of the present invention is to provide means that could be used for developing a method and a device for harvesting hemp grown for seed, ensuring a substantial increase of seed yield harvested in full maturity stage and avoiding intensive impact of working elements of the devices causing the seed falloff resulting in yield loss.
  • the subject of the present invention is also to eliminate manual work during hemp ginning in cones and to eliminate the source of losses resulting from birds feeding on seeds during period of drying bundles in cones. Addressing this objective and solving problems described in technique status connected with developing of the method and the device for harvesting hemp grown for seed that have been achieved by separate harvest of panicles and their direct drying and ginning. Elimination of manual work with elimination of intensive impact of working elements causing the seed falloff and the loss of substantial part of yields caused by birds have been achieved. These objectives have been achieved with this invention.
  • the subject of the present invention is the method of hemp harvesting in which the whole stems are mowed, including panicles with hemp, is characterized in that the upper knife 4 cuts off panicles containing seeds and next, the bottom knife 3 cuts off the remaining part of the stem, while seed containing panicles are carried by conveyors 7 and 8 directly onto the parallel moving trailer, where the position of the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions.
  • the cut-off panicles are raked together by the raking device 6 onto the belt of perpendicular conveyor 7 which brings them to the inclined conveyor 8, next, the cut-off panicles fall down pulled by gravitation from the inclined conveyor 8 . into the trailer pulled by the tractor moving on the field parallel to the said hemp harvesting device.
  • the hemp stems that are not supposed to get into the mowing zone are pushed away by the guide JJh
  • the right after panicles are cut-off by the upper knife 4, the bottom knife 3 cuts-off the stems followed by laying them down on the field by the worm unit 9 through the throat 10 in the form of a ridge, where the ridge of stems is located between the front J ⁇ and rear 12 wheels.
  • the method is characterized by the fact that it is applicable for harvesting fiber bearing plants, especially hemp, jute and kenaf.
  • Another subject of the invention is the hemp harvesting device, mowing whole hemp stems together with seed containing panicles, having a supporting structure of typical agricultural self-propelled chassis is characterized in that the unit of bottom knife 2 with a knife 3_ cutting off stems after the panicles are cut off by the upper knife 4 in a unit of upper knife unit 5 is assembled to the self-propelled supporting chassis L
  • the hemp stems that are not supposed to get into the mowing zone are pushed away by the guide 15, while the cut-off panicles are raked together by the raking device onto the belt of perpendicular conveyor 7 which brings them to the inclined conveyor 8.
  • the conveyors 7 and 8 transport the seed containing panicles directly onto parallel moving trailer.
  • the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions.
  • the position of the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions and can be executed by the device operator using hydraulic servo-motors 16, while position of the bottom knife 3 in relation to the ground can be adjusted by the machine operator using the mowing unit suspension mechanisms 14 and secured from falling dawn of cutting plane on the ground by a skid 13.
  • the device is characterized by the fact that it can be used for harvesting fiber bearing plants, especially hemp, jute and kenaf.
  • Figure 1 shows the hemp harvesting device where:
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the hemp harvesting device
  • Example 1 The method and the device for hemp harvesting
  • the hemp harvesting device has a supporting structure of typical agricultural self-propelled chassis of for instance cutting mower E 303 (Polish branch symbol Z 185/3) together with a cabin.
  • the unit of bottom knife 2 with a knife 3 cutting off stems after the panicles are cut off by the upper knife 4 in a unit of upper knife unit 5_ is assembled to the self-propelled supporting chassis 1.
  • the hemp stems that are not supposed to get into the mowing zone are pushed away by the guide 15.
  • the cutoff panicles are raked together by the raking device onto the belt of perpendicular conveyor 7 which brings them to the inclined conveyor 8, next, the cut-off panicles fall down pulled by gravitation from the inclined conveyor into the trailer pulled by the tractor moving in the field parallel to the said hemp harvesting device.
  • Position of the bottom knife 3 in relation to the ground can be adjusted by the machine operator using the mowing unit suspension mechanisms 14 and secured from falling dawn of cutting plane on the ground by a skid 13.
  • Position of the upper knife 4 can be dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground, depending on local conditions and can be executed by the device operator using hydraulic servo-motors 16.
  • the hemp harvesting device is equipped with the unit of upper knife 5 with perpendicular conveyor 7 and inclined conveyor 8 . that moves the cut-off panicle on the trailer, the unit of bottom knife 2 and a unit of stem thickening worm unit before swathing them on the field.
  • the location of knifes one in relation to the other is such that the working plane of upper knife is dynamically adjusted in relation to the ground and is moved ahead towards the move of the mower in relation to the bottom knife.
  • the location of the bottom knife is adjustable in relation to the surface of the field by the position of the whole hemp harvesting device.
  • the seed containing panicle sections of stems are separated from the remaining stem sections. Sections with panicles are taken outside the field to extract seeds or essential oils.
  • the solution according to this invention enables harvest hemp grown both exclusively for fiber or for fiber and seeds.
  • Device enables separate harvest of top part of hemp stems. Shortening of stems by the sections containing panicles significantly simplifies swathing stems in the field and other operations necessary during stem retting or drying such as turning, shaking or ragging as it can be done with commonly used agricultural machines.
  • the method and the device according to the invention ensures full mechanization of hemp harvest, completely eliminating manual work.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif permettant de récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines, dans lequel les graines contenant les panicules de chanvre sont coupées et les tiges sont rouissées à la rosée ou séchées directement dans le champ. Les sections de tiges sans panicules sont fauchées dans le champ sous la forme d'un billon pour le rouissage ou le séchage alors que les sections de tiges avec panicules sont chargées sur une remorque pour le séchage ou l'égrenage pour extraire les graines.
PCT/PL2006/000030 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines WO2007133098A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/PL2006/000030 WO2007133098A1 (fr) 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines
EP06747720A EP2076111A1 (fr) 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/PL2006/000030 WO2007133098A1 (fr) 2006-05-15 2006-05-15 Procédé et dispositif pour récolter du chanvre cultivé pour ses graines

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007133098A1 true WO2007133098A1 (fr) 2007-11-22

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Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2076111A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007133098A1 (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2556740A1 (fr) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-13 SA Ouest Agri Installation de coupe pour la coupe de végétaux à tige verticale, tels que du chanvre, et moissonneuse-batteuse à chassis roulant équipé à l'avant d'une telle installation de coupe
FR2989552A1 (fr) * 2012-04-23 2013-10-25 Remy Nadalin Procede et dispositif d'egrenage de graines de chanvre et machine moissonneuse dotee d'un tel dispositif
ITTO20130328A1 (it) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-24 Agricoltura Cra Apparato per la raccolta differenziata di frazioni vegetali di una coltura e macchina agricola utilizzante un siffatto apparato
RU2535253C2 (ru) * 2013-03-05 2014-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Делитель льнотеребильной машины
BE1023154B1 (nl) * 2015-10-14 2016-12-02 Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv Dubbel maaiergeheel
RU2623466C2 (ru) * 2015-07-27 2017-06-26 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Делитель льнотеребильной машины
CN107529393A (zh) * 2016-08-05 2018-01-02 海因里希·威克 采收大麻植物及其相似种的方法与装置
CN110050573A (zh) * 2019-06-10 2019-07-26 山东农业大学 一种链式饲草料作物秸秆收获割台
US10524423B1 (en) 2019-02-19 2020-01-07 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Plant processing system
EP3677110A1 (fr) * 2019-01-02 2020-07-08 Tomasz Pinkowski Machine de récolte de chanvre
US10751722B1 (en) 2018-10-24 2020-08-25 Pearson Incorporated System for processing cannabis crop materials
US10757860B1 (en) 2019-10-31 2020-09-01 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Stripper apparatus crop harvesting system
US10785906B2 (en) 2019-02-19 2020-09-29 Pearson Incorporated Plant processing system
IT201900008241A1 (it) * 2019-06-06 2020-12-06 Gruppo Agricooper Soc Cooperativa Agricola Macchina per la raccolta della canapa.
US10933424B1 (en) 2019-12-11 2021-03-02 Pearson Incorporated Grinding roll improvements
US11534770B1 (en) 2017-07-26 2022-12-27 Pearson Incorporated Systems and methods for step grinding
US11805735B2 (en) * 2019-02-11 2023-11-07 Formation Ag LLC Stalky crop harvesting system and process
RU2815742C1 (ru) * 2023-06-23 2024-03-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Комбайновый завод "Ростсельмаш" Кормоуборочный комбайн для уборки технической конопли

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4151700A (en) * 1976-05-03 1979-05-01 Gardella Adriano A Mowing machine for harvesting long stem textile fiber plants
YU121585A (en) 1985-07-24 1988-08-31 Pero Medic Connective device for cutting and putting in transverse lines of industrial vegetables - especially hemp
CN2036343U (zh) 1988-07-26 1989-04-26 回钦尚 拔麻机
DE19627137A1 (de) 1996-07-05 1998-01-08 Andreas Hilker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ernte und Verarbeitung von Faserpflanzen
DE19647433A1 (de) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-28 Andreas Hilker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hanfdrusch mit Schleppergeräten
WO2001039590A2 (fr) 1999-11-30 2001-06-07 Instytut Włokien Naturalnych Procede de recolte de chanvre et machine de recolte de chanvre
PL341585A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-01-28 Inst Wlokien Naturalnych Method of mechanically separating natural fibre
PL346539A1 (en) 1998-09-09 2002-02-11 Schmermund Verpackungstechnik Method and device for preparing fibrous vegetable material
DE10042867A1 (de) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-21 Kranemann Hans Helmuth Verfahren und eine Maschine zum Mähen von Hanf oder dergleichen
HUP0200214A2 (hu) 2002-01-21 2003-08-28 Optigép Gépgyártó és Kereskedelmi Kft. Berendezés száras növények, főleg kender betakarításához
WO2006031174A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Gotlands Industri Hampa Ab Dispositif de moissonnage
FR2885009A1 (fr) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-03 Quivogne Sas Soc Par Actions S Faucheuse a double coupe ou combinaison de deux faucheuses

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4151700A (en) * 1976-05-03 1979-05-01 Gardella Adriano A Mowing machine for harvesting long stem textile fiber plants
YU121585A (en) 1985-07-24 1988-08-31 Pero Medic Connective device for cutting and putting in transverse lines of industrial vegetables - especially hemp
CN2036343U (zh) 1988-07-26 1989-04-26 回钦尚 拔麻机
DE19627137A1 (de) 1996-07-05 1998-01-08 Andreas Hilker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ernte und Verarbeitung von Faserpflanzen
DE19647433A1 (de) * 1996-11-15 1998-05-28 Andreas Hilker Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Hanfdrusch mit Schleppergeräten
PL346539A1 (en) 1998-09-09 2002-02-11 Schmermund Verpackungstechnik Method and device for preparing fibrous vegetable material
WO2001039590A2 (fr) 1999-11-30 2001-06-07 Instytut Włokien Naturalnych Procede de recolte de chanvre et machine de recolte de chanvre
PL341585A1 (en) 2000-07-20 2002-01-28 Inst Wlokien Naturalnych Method of mechanically separating natural fibre
DE10042867A1 (de) * 2000-08-30 2002-03-21 Kranemann Hans Helmuth Verfahren und eine Maschine zum Mähen von Hanf oder dergleichen
HUP0200214A2 (hu) 2002-01-21 2003-08-28 Optigép Gépgyártó és Kereskedelmi Kft. Berendezés száras növények, főleg kender betakarításához
WO2006031174A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Gotlands Industri Hampa Ab Dispositif de moissonnage
FR2885009A1 (fr) * 2005-05-02 2006-11-03 Quivogne Sas Soc Par Actions S Faucheuse a double coupe ou combinaison de deux faucheuses

Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2978897A1 (fr) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-15 Ouest Agri Sa Installation de coupe pour la coupe de vegetaux a tige verticale, tels que du chanvre, et moissonneuse-batteuse a chassis roulant equipe a l'avant d'une telle installation de coupe
EP2556740A1 (fr) * 2011-08-10 2013-02-13 SA Ouest Agri Installation de coupe pour la coupe de végétaux à tige verticale, tels que du chanvre, et moissonneuse-batteuse à chassis roulant équipé à l'avant d'une telle installation de coupe
FR2989552A1 (fr) * 2012-04-23 2013-10-25 Remy Nadalin Procede et dispositif d'egrenage de graines de chanvre et machine moissonneuse dotee d'un tel dispositif
WO2013160576A1 (fr) 2012-04-23 2013-10-31 Nadalin Remy Procédé et dispositif d'égrenage de graines de chanvre et machine moissonneuse dotée d'un tel dispositif
RU2535253C2 (ru) * 2013-03-05 2014-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Делитель льнотеребильной машины
ITTO20130328A1 (it) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-24 Agricoltura Cra Apparato per la raccolta differenziata di frazioni vegetali di una coltura e macchina agricola utilizzante un siffatto apparato
RU2623466C2 (ru) * 2015-07-27 2017-06-26 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Делитель льнотеребильной машины
US10477763B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2019-11-19 Cnh Industrial America Llc Dual cut header assembly
US11439063B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2022-09-13 Cnh Industrial America Llc Dual cut header assembly
BE1023154B1 (nl) * 2015-10-14 2016-12-02 Cnh Industrial Belgium Nv Dubbel maaiergeheel
EP3155888A1 (fr) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-19 CNH Industrial Belgium nv Ensemble d'en-tête à double coupure
CN107529393A (zh) * 2016-08-05 2018-01-02 海因里希·威克 采收大麻植物及其相似种的方法与装置
EP3281512A1 (fr) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-14 Heinrich Wieker Procédé et dispositif de récolte de chanvre ou similaires
US11534770B1 (en) 2017-07-26 2022-12-27 Pearson Incorporated Systems and methods for step grinding
US10751722B1 (en) 2018-10-24 2020-08-25 Pearson Incorporated System for processing cannabis crop materials
EP3677110A1 (fr) * 2019-01-02 2020-07-08 Tomasz Pinkowski Machine de récolte de chanvre
US11805735B2 (en) * 2019-02-11 2023-11-07 Formation Ag LLC Stalky crop harvesting system and process
US10785906B2 (en) 2019-02-19 2020-09-29 Pearson Incorporated Plant processing system
US10524423B1 (en) 2019-02-19 2020-01-07 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Plant processing system
IT201900008241A1 (it) * 2019-06-06 2020-12-06 Gruppo Agricooper Soc Cooperativa Agricola Macchina per la raccolta della canapa.
CN110050573A (zh) * 2019-06-10 2019-07-26 山东农业大学 一种链式饲草料作物秸秆收获割台
US10757860B1 (en) 2019-10-31 2020-09-01 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Stripper apparatus crop harvesting system
US11751507B1 (en) 2019-10-31 2023-09-12 Hemp Processing Solutions, LLC Crop harvesting system with plant stripping apparatus
US11077445B2 (en) 2019-12-11 2021-08-03 Pearson Incorporated Grinding roll improvements
US10933424B1 (en) 2019-12-11 2021-03-02 Pearson Incorporated Grinding roll improvements
US11826762B1 (en) 2019-12-11 2023-11-28 Pearson Incorporated Grinding roll improvements
RU2815742C1 (ru) * 2023-06-23 2024-03-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Комбайновый завод "Ростсельмаш" Кормоуборочный комбайн для уборки технической конопли

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