Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
  • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
  • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
  • H01H71/1009—Interconnected mechanisms
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H1/00—Contacts
  • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
  • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
  • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
  • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
  • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H2009/0088—Details of rotatable shafts common to more than one pole or switch unit
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
  • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
  • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor

Definitions

• the invention relates to a low current multipolar circuit breaker with high intensity and high electrodynamic resistance.
• high current circuit breakers for information between 630 A and 6300 A serving as basic devices for arrivals and departures in large installations, consisted of composite elements assembled on a metal frame, d 'where their designation of "open” power circuit breakers.
• molded case because characterized by an insulating protective envelope, generally molded in reinforced polyester, enclosing the poles with their chambers. disconnection, as well as a control mechanism and triggers.
• the protective envelope by helping to ensure containment of the cut-off and a limitation of these external effects, complete partitioning between poles and better insulation between the power circuit and the auxiliaries, has in turn made it possible to considerably reduce the overall dimensions equipment.
• Document EP-A-0 322 321 describes a circuit breaker of this type, the housing of which is constituted by the assembly of an intermediate housing, the cover constituting the front face of the circuit breaker, and a rear base.
• the front face of the intermediate housing divides the housing into an anterior compartment delimited by this face and by the cover, and a rear compartment intended for housing the poles and electrically insulated from the anterior compartment.
• the front compartment contains a control mechanism acting on a transverse switching shaft common to all the poles, called the pole shaft. This shaft is supported by bearings reported on the front face of the intermediate housing.
• the rear compartment is in turn subdivided into elementary pole accommodation compartments, by insulating partition walls.
• the front wall of the intermediate housing also includes, for each pole, an access lumen to the corresponding elementary compartment.
• Each pole has a pair of separable contacts with a fixed contact and a movable contact, and an arc extinguishing chamber.
• Each movable contact is mechanically linked to the transverse shaft by means of a connecting rod passing through the anterior wall of the intermediate housing by the corresponding access lumen.
• Each connecting rod connecting one of the movable contacts to the transverse shaft is arranged in such a way that in the closed position of the contacts, and in a plane of cross section perpendicular to the pivot axis of the pole shaft, the distance between a straight line passing through the axes of rotation of the connecting rod and the axis of pivoting of the shaft, is low.
• the lever arm of the resultant of the forces exerted by the contacts on the pole shaft is weak, which guarantees that the rod, when it transmits significant electrodynamic forces, generates only one low torque at shaft level.
• the control mechanism exerts on the shaft a torque opposite to the electrodynamic forces transmitted by the connecting rods. This torque 'generates only reduced forces at the level of the control mechanism.
• the result of the reaction forces at the level of the shaft guide bearings is large and opposes the forces transmitted by the connecting rod and by the control mechanism.
• circuit breakers with high electrodynamic resistance are characteristic of circuit breakers with high electrodynamic resistance.
• these circuit breakers must, in order to ensure chronometric selectivity in the electrical installation, be able to withstand the passage of established fault currents which generate significant electrodynamic forces tending to separate the contacts.
• the relative arrangement of the pole shaft, of the connecting rods with the movable contacts and of the connecting rod to the control mechanism must therefore be such that these efforts do not give rise to a separation of the contacts or to an opening of the mechanism. control.
• the arrangement chosen allows these forces to be transmitted to the housing via the bearings of the shaft, so that the control mechanism is not subjected to excessive forces or torques.
• the guidance of the pole shaft and the transmission of forces to the circuit breaker housing are not entirely satisfactory.
• the transverse shaft must be dimensioned, arranged and supported in such a way that its deformation is limited and does not interfere with its operation.
• the bearings of the pole shaft require efficient anchoring in the housing because the large forces which are transmitted to them tend to tear them from the front face of the intermediate housing to which they are fixed.
• the stiffening of the assembly requires the use of expensive and bulky fasteners and bearings as well as additional provisions on the housing.
• the assembly of the circuit breaker requires a large number of parts, resulting in a high cost price and tedious assembly. Furthermore, this architecture limits the miniaturization of the circuit breaker.
• the invention therefore aims to remedy the drawbacks of the state of the prior art and in particular to increase the rigidity of the mechanism of a circuit breaker with high electrodynamic resistance, at low cost.
• a low-voltage circuit breaker of high electrodynamic resistance with an insulating material housing comprising a control mechanism linked to a pole shaft supported by bearings integral with the housing, a plurality of poles, each pole comprising at least one pair of separable contact members, at least one of the contact members of each pair, called movable contact member, being mechanically linked to the pole shaft, the pole shaft, the control mechanism and the movable contact member being movable between an open position corresponding to the separation of the contact members of each pair, and a closed position corresponding to the contact between the contact members of each pair, the circuit breaker housing comprising a front compartment of housing of the control mechanism and a rear compartment separated from the front compartment by an intermediate and subd wall divided into elementary compartments by partition walls, each elementary compartment housing one of the poles of the circuit breaker, a circuit breaker whose axis of rotation of the pole shaft is located in the rear compartment.
• This arrangement also makes it possible to ensure that the electrodynamic forces exerted on the contacts are taken up by the housing, without causing significant deformations of the intermediate parts. Indeed, it becomes possible to place the support bearings in the rear compartment. If we plan to join these bearings at least partially at the intermediate wall, it is then easy to ensure that the securing members, in response to the electrodynamic forces exerted on the movable contact members, work in compression instead of working in tearing.
• this arrangement eliminates the orifices for passage of the connecting rods between the pole shaft and each movable contact member.
• the pollution of the anterior compartment is thereby reduced and the circulation of the cutting gases towards the discharge orifices of the bottom of the cutting chamber improved.
• the assembly is facilitated by the fact that it is no longer necessary to set up the connection between the pole shaft and each connecting rod through orifices in the intermediate partition.
• each of the partition walls supports one of said bearings and the pole shaft passes through each partition at one of said bearings.
• This arrangement makes it possible to multiply and regularly distribute the bearings along the pole shaft, without increasing the overall size of the assembly.
• the bearings are arranged between the partition walls of the chambers, on independent supports.
• each of the partition walls comprises a partition element molded with the intermediate wall, in a rim of which is formed a semi-cylindrical sector constituting a part of the corresponding bearing. A multifunctional part is thus obtained which facilitates assembly and reduces costs.
• the intermediate wall includes a window for the passage of a mechanical connection member between the pole shaft and the control mechanism.
• the outer surface of the pole shaft is made of electrically insulating material, in particular of thermosetting polyester plastic.
• thermosetting polyester plastic This arrangement makes it possible to obtain both electrical insulation between the poles and with the control mechanism.
• the thermoset offers the advantage of good dielectric strength after switching off.
• the tree can be made of solid thermoset.
• the tree may have a metallic core covered with an insulating material.
• the circuit breaker comprises at least one connecting rod between the pole shaft and each movable contact member, linked to the pole shaft by a pivot so that in a certain relative position of the shaft and the connecting rod, called mounting position, the connecting rod can be freely moved parallel to the pivot axis, and that once the connecting rod mounted and moved out of its mounting position, a positive connection is made preventing a translational movement of the connecting rod parallel to the pivot axis, the position of mounting being such that in operating condition, the pole shaft and the connecting rod never take this position.
• Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a circuit breaker according to the invention, cut at a pole.
• Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a pole shaft and part of a circuit breaker housing according to the invention.
• Figure 3 shows a section of the circuit breaker of Figure 1, in the closed position
• Figure 4 shows a section of the circuit breaker of Figure 1, in the open position
• Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the pole shaft and a connecting rod to one of the poles in a position preceding their mounting
• Figure 6 shows a perspective view of the pole shaft and a connecting rod to one of the poles in a respective so-called mounting
• Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the pole shaft on which is mounted the connecting rod, in their positioning relative to each other when the circuit breaker is open
• Figure 8 shows a perspective view the pole shaft on which the connecting rod is mounted, in their positioning relative to each other when the circuit breaker is closed.
• a low voltage non-limiting circuit breaker 10 with high electrodynamic resistance is arranged in a molded housing comprising a front compartment 12 and a rear compartment 14.
• the front compartment 12 is limited by a front face 16, faces side 18 integrally formed with the front face, and an intermediate wall 20 separating it from the rear compartment. It has openings on the front face, for the passage of a pivoting lever 22 ensuring the resetting of a circuit breaker control mechanism 24, an opening push button and a closing push button.
• the control mechanism 24 is housed in the front compartment 12.
• the rear compartment 14 is limited by the intermediate wall 20, by a base 26 constituting a rear face, and by lateral faces 28, part of which is made integrally with the base and another is molded with the intermediate wall.
• the base 26 supports connection pads 30 of the circuit breaker 10 to an external electrical circuit.
• the base 26 and the intermediate wall 20 are fixed to each other by means of fixing screws 32 dimensioned so as to be able to withstand significant forces to tearing.
• a window 34 is formed in the intermediate wall 20 and allows communication between the front compartment 12 and the rear compartment 14.
• the rear compartment 14 is subdivided into elementary compartments 36 by partition walls 38. Each partition 38 has two lateral parts arranged on either side of a central part.
• Each side part comprises a partition element 40 molded with the base and a partition element 42 molded with the intermediate wall, the partition elements 40, 42 being contiguous on the mounted device.
• the central part comprises a partition element 44 molded with the base of greater height than the adjacent side elements 40.
• This partition element 44 has ribs 46 which cooperate during assembly with complementary grooves 48 of the lateral partition elements 42 secured to the intermediate wall 20.
• the central partition element 44 of the base has a smooth semi-cylindrical surface 50.
• the wall intermediate 20 comprises a complementary central partition element 52 of reduced height, which also has a smooth semi-cylindrical sector 54 opposite that of the element secured to the base.
• each elementary compartment 36 is housed a pole 56 of the circuit breaker.
• Each pole 56 includes an arc extinguishing chamber 58 as well as a separable contact device.
• the latter comprises a fixed contact member 60 electrically connected to a connection pad 30 of the circuit breaker passing through the base 26 of the insulating housing, and a movable contact member 61.
• the latter is provided with a plurality of contact fingers 62 in parallel pivotally mounted on a first transverse axis 64 supported by a support cage 66.
• the heel of each finger is connected by a flexible conductor 68 consisting of a metal braid, to a second connection pad 30 of the circuit breaker.
• Each finger 62 has a contact pad 70 cooperating with a pad 72 of the fixed contact member 60, in the closed position of FIG. 3.
• the cage 66 is shaped like a U (cf. FIG. 5). Its end located near the second connection pad is equipped with a pin 74 housed in a bearing secured to the insulating housing, so as to allow the pivoting of the cage 66 between a closed position of the pole 56, shown in FIG. 3 , and an open position, shown in FIG. 4.
• a contact pressure spring device 76 is disposed in a notch in the cage 66 and biases the contact fingers 62 in pivoting around the first axis 64 in the opposite direction to the needles of a watch.
• the arc extinguishing chamber 58 comprises a stack of plates for deionizing the electric arc drawn during the separation of the poles, as well as exhaust orifices for breaking gases. Further details on the structure of the poles 56 can be found in the document FR-A-2 650 434, the description of which is here incorporated by reference.
• a shaft of the poles 78 is placed between the semi-cylindrical sectors 50, 54 which form, once mounted, sealed bearings for supporting the shaft 78 in rotation about its axis 79.
• the shaft 78 is molded from thermosetting polyester.
• Each of the cages 66 is coupled to the shaft of the poles 78 by a pair of parallel transmission rods 80 which pivot around a geometric axis coincident with the axis 64.
• Each connecting rod 80 is linked to the pole shaft 78 by a pivot 81.
• the control mechanism 24 includes a closing device with energy accumulation and an opening device.
• This mechanism is known per se and reference will be made to document FR-A-2 589 626 for more details, which is incorporated herein by reference on this point.
• the opening device comprises a toggle device which comprises two links 82, 84 articulated to one another by a pivot axis 86, the lower transmission link 82 being mechanically coupled to the 'pole shaft 78 by a pivot axis 88 cooperating with a bearing formed in a crank 90 integral with the shaft 78.
• An opening spring 92 is anchored between the axis 88 and a fixed retaining cleat.
• Figure 3 shows that in the closed position, the window 34 formed in the intermediate wall 20 is used for the passage of the lower transmission link 82 and the opening spring 92.
• the lever arm of the connecting rods 80 on the pole shaft 78 is substantially smaller than that of the rod 82.
• the distance between the axis 79 of the pole shaft 78 and the plane which contains the axes 64, 81 of the pivots of the connecting rods 80 is less than the distance between the axis 79 of the pole shaft 78 and the plane which contains the axes 86, 88 of the pivots of the lower link 82.
• the ratio of the two distances is less than 0, 3.
• each pole 56 In the closed position shown in FIG. 3, it is observed for each pole 56 that the contact pads 70 of the contact fingers 62 are in contact with the pad 72 of the fixed contact member 60.
• the contact pressure is provided by the spring device 76 which makes it possible to make up for any play in the mechanism and the wear of the pads 70, 72.
• the electrodynamic forces exerted on the contact fingers 62 are taken up at the level of the cage 66 by the surfaces d 'support of the springs 76 and by the axis 64, and generate a moment around the pivot axis 74 of the cage 66, tending to rotate the cage 66 in the direction of the separation of the contacts. This moment is compensated by an opposite moment exerted by the connecting rods 80 on the cage 66 at their relative pivot axis 64.
• the pole shaft 78 exerts pressure supports at the level of the support bearings, the result of which is a reaction force opposing the sum of the forces exerted by the connecting rods 80 and the connecting rod 82.
• These relatively large pressure forces are exerted mainly on the semi-cylindrical sector 54 formed in the intermediate wall 20.
• FIGS 5 to 8 describe the mounting mode of the pivot connection between the pole shaft 78 and the connecting rods 80 for connection with each cage 66.
• the pole shaft 78 comprises, for each pole, an arm 94 carrying two coaxial pivots 81, eccentric with respect to the pivot axis 79 of the pole shaft 78. These pivots 81 are each located on a recess 98 on the lateral face 100 of the arm. A tongue 102 overhanging the step 98 materializes a groove 104.
• Each connecting rod 80 comprises, on the side intended to cooperate with the shaft 78, a cylindrical bore 108 intended to form a bearing for one of the pivots 81, and a flat 110.
• the connecting rod 80 is presented so as to that the flat 110 is parallel with the lower edge of the tongue 100, in the relative mounting position shown in FIG. 6. It is then possible to introduce the pivots 81 in the bores 108.
• the assembly constituted by the connecting rods 80 and the pole shaft 78 is placed in the housing, where it oscillates between two extreme positions: a position corresponding to the opening of the contacts and represented in FIG. 7 and a position corresponding to the closing of the contacts and represented in FIG. 8.
• the connecting rods 80 cooperate with the corresponding grooves 104 of the pole shaft 78, which const do a guide prohibiting any movement of the rods 80 parallel to the pivot axis 81. This produces a simple positive connection which avoids the use of any additional intermediate part.
• the invention is not limited to the example described above. It is clear for example that the pivot axis of the connecting rods 80 on the cages 66 is not necessarily coincident with the pivot axis of the fingers 62. There may moreover exist only one connecting rod 80 per pole Furthermore, arrangements can be made to increase the seal at the bearings passing through the partitions. It is thus possible to provide a bearing having a baffle profile with a central annular groove cooperating with an asperity complementary to the shaft. One can also provide additional bearings at the outer side walls of the housing.
• the circuit breaker described in the example includes an energy storage mechanism. However, in the context of the invention, the mechanism for controlling the pole shaft is indifferent. It is therefore possible to replace the mechanism described by any other known mechanism, whether it be a manual or motorized reset mechanism.

Landscapes

• Breakers (AREA)
• Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
• Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
• Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
• Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=9527942

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (28)

Families Citing this family (22)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1998
  • 1998-06-24 FR FR9808174A patent/FR2780549B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-06-01 TW TW088109025A patent/TW501156B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-07 DK DK99923677T patent/DK1090404T3/da active
  • 1999-06-07 US US09/719,876 patent/US6317019B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-06-07 KR KR1020007012184A patent/KR100557263B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-07 NZ NZ509024A patent/NZ509024A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-07 PL PL343929A patent/PL190921B1/pl unknown
  • 1999-06-07 AU AU40457/99A patent/AU741762B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1999-06-07 AT AT99923677T patent/ATE247863T1/de active
  • 1999-06-07 ES ES99923677T patent/ES2207221T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-06-07 EA EA200001051A patent/EA002504B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-07 JP JP2000556383A patent/JP4137380B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-06-07 ID IDW20002242A patent/ID27612A/id unknown
  • 1999-06-07 OA OA1200000357A patent/OA11638A/fr unknown
  • 1999-06-07 DE DE69910575T patent/DE69910575T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-06-07 WO PCT/FR1999/001329 patent/WO1999067800A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1999-06-07 CA CA002331013A patent/CA2331013C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1999-06-07 TR TR2000/03327T patent/TR200003327T2/xx unknown
  • 1999-06-07 CN CNB998054291A patent/CN1153238C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-06-07 BR BRPI9909406-1A patent/BR9909406B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-07 EP EP99923677A patent/EP1090404B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1999-06-07 MY MYPI99002283A patent/MY122376A/en unknown
  • 1999-06-07 HU HU0101665A patent/HU223295B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-07 PT PT99923677T patent/PT1090404E/pt unknown
  • 1999-06-07 IL IL13874399A patent/IL138743A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-06-23 AR ARP990103013A patent/AR019704A1/es active IP Right Grant
  • 1999-07-06 UA UA2000116342A patent/UA54596C2/uk unknown
• 2000
  • 2000-11-07 NO NO20005626A patent/NO319127B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation

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