EP2771897B2 - Lichtbogenlöschkammer mit einem rohr zur begrenzung der auswirkungen der partikelerzeugung und elektrische schaltvorrichtung mit einer solchen lichtbogenlöschkammer - Google Patents

Lichtbogenlöschkammer mit einem rohr zur begrenzung der auswirkungen der partikelerzeugung und elektrische schaltvorrichtung mit einer solchen lichtbogenlöschkammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2771897B2
EP2771897B2 EP12779052.5A EP12779052A EP2771897B2 EP 2771897 B2 EP2771897 B2 EP 2771897B2 EP 12779052 A EP12779052 A EP 12779052A EP 2771897 B2 EP2771897 B2 EP 2771897B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
orifice
contact
arc
members
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Active
Application number
EP12779052.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2771897A1 (de
EP2771897B1 (de
Inventor
Chakib Fnineche
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Alstom Technology AG
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Publication of EP2771897B1 publication Critical patent/EP2771897B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electrical switchgear for interrupting an electric current, such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, switches and switches, particularly at high or medium voltage.
  • the invention particularly relates to a cutting chamber containing an electrically insulating fluid and intended to equip electrical switchgear equipment.
  • the insulating fluid also called cutting fluid, is typically a gas such as SF6 sulfur hexafluoride or the like, but the invention can be applied to air, oil, or all other cutoff chambers. other appropriate breaking fluid.
  • the breaking chamber of an electrical switchgear houses two contact members, at least one of which is movable relative to the other in translation in a so-called longitudinal direction, between a closed position in which these members are mutually connected. contact so as to allow the passage of an electric current, and an open position in which these organs are separated from one another so as to prohibit the passage of such an electric current.
  • These members generally comprise two respective main contacts, sometimes called permanent contacts, and two respective arcing contacts, the first being intended for the passage of electrical current in normal operation while the second are designed to withstand an electric arc during the break. in a well-known way.
  • FIG. 1 illustrating an example of a breaking chamber 10 of a high-voltage electric circuit breaker of a known type
  • a first contact member 12a comprising a first main contact 14a and a first arcing contact 16a
  • a blowing nozzle 18 integral with said contacts 14a and 16a Also visible is a second contact member 12b comprising a second main contact 14b and a second arcing contact 16b.
  • the first arcing contact 16a takes the form of a tulip while the second arcing contact 16b takes the form of a rod slidable in the first arcing contact 16a.
  • the first main contact 14a is designed to slide in the second main contact 14b which takes the form of an annular row of fingers 20 surrounded by a corona shield 22.
  • the nozzle 18 is made of an electrically insulating material and extends an insulating gas compression chamber (not visible on the figure 1 ) whose volume is reduced during a separation of the arcing contacts 16a and 16b, so that the blowing nozzle 18 forms an insulating gas blowing nozzle from the aforementioned compression chamber.
  • the circuit breaker figure 1 is of the double-movement type, that is to say that the two contact members 12a and 12b of the interrupting chamber 10 are movable in opposite directions relative to a fixed frame 24.
  • operating means (not shown) of the second contact member 12b act on the first contact member 12a for example by means of the blowing nozzle 18.
  • the document FR 2 953 639 A1 describes in more detail an example of a circuit breaker of this type.
  • the invention can also be applied to single-action interrupting chambers, that is to say the breaking chambers of which one of the contact members is fixed relative to the chassis.
  • the breaking chamber 10 is delimited by an outer metal casing (not visible on the figure 1 ) which allows the confinement of the insulating gas, which consists for example of sulfur hexafluoride SF6.
  • the aforementioned operating means operate a mutual distance of the contact members 12a and 12b, initially in contact with each other.
  • the main contacts 14a and 14b are the first to separate, then comes the separation of the arcing contacts 16a and 16b, which gives rise to the formation of an electric arc between them.
  • the extinction of this arc is obtained by blowing the insulating gas contained in the interrupting chamber by passing it through the arc at the instant of opening of the circuit breaker.
  • This blowing is not created by an independent mechanical means, but by a compression established within the aforementioned compression chamber before the circuit breaker opens and, after separation of the contact members, by heating the gas contained in a volume blowing.
  • the overpressure that generates the blowing is provided mechanically, by the movement of the movable assembly of the circuit breaker, and / or thermally, by the heat of the electric arc.
  • the main contacts 14a, 14b are generally made of copper optionally covered with a silver plating, in order to optimize their electrical conductivity and their cost.
  • the arcing contacts 16a, 16b are generally made of tungsten to optimize their resistance to the heating produced by the electric arcs.
  • the interrupting chamber 10 may comprise a tube 28 of electrical insulation and centering of the two contact members 12a, 12b relative to each other, called insulating tube in what follows.
  • This tube which is made of an electrically insulating material such as epoxy, is mounted at its ends on two internal corona shields 30a and 30b which respectively surround the two contact members 12a and 12b and which are secured respectively to two external corona shields 32a and 32b which are respectively arranged around the contact members 12a and 12b and which are respectively part of two housing parts 24a and 24b which form the housing 24 above and in which are respectively guided the two contact members 12a and 12b.
  • the insulating tube 28 is fitted on two respective spans of the two internal corona shields 30a and 30b.
  • the first contact member 12a further comprises a bearing surface 34a which is guided in translation by a bore 36a of the inner cap 30a surrounding this contact 12a in the closed position of the contact members, while the second contact member 12b has a bearing surface 34b. which is guided in translation by a bore 36b of the inner cover 30b surrounding this contact 12b in the open position of the contact members.
  • the insulating tube 28 thus makes it possible to center the inner and outer covers 30a and 32a which surround the first contact member 12a with respect to the inner and outer covers 30b and 32b which surround the second contact member 12b, and thus to center the two contact members. 12a and 12b relative to each other.
  • each inner corona shield 30a, 30b and external 32a, 32b is made of metal and is electrically connected to the contact member 12a, 12b that surrounds, the function of each corona shield being to constitute a relatively large surface area to the electric potential of the corresponding contact member to reduce the risk of occurrence of an electric arc, in a well known manner.
  • channels 38 are formed between each of the inner covers 30a, 30b and the corresponding outer cover 32a, 32b. These channels allow the circulation of the insulating gas.
  • low intensity electric arcs can occur between the main contacts 14a and 14b and cause a slight electroerosion of the surface of these contacts, such as to tear particles to said surfaces.
  • the displacement of the contact members 12a and 12b generally induces a depression within the space 42 delimited by the insulating tube 28 in zones 44 located near the longitudinal ends of this tube and therefore near the hoods internal effluents 30a and 30b.
  • Each of these zones of depression thus includes, in the vicinity of each other, the insulating tube 28, the insulating gas, and a corona shield 30a, 30b metal, that is to say respective dielectric permittivity media substantially different, so that the electric field in these areas is higher than the average electric field within the space 42 delimited by the insulating tube 28.
  • a vacuum of insulating gas in these areas is therefore particularly suitable for a reboot of the breaking chamber 10, which it is desirable to avoid.
  • Circuit breakers of this type are however advantageous in terms of size and cost of manufacture.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide a simple, economical and effective solution to these problems, to avoid at least partly the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the invention proposes for this purpose a breaking chamber for electrical switchgear, intended to contain a breaking fluid, and comprising two contact members, at least one of which is displaceable in translation in a longitudinal direction of the chamber relative to to a frame thereof, between a closed position in which said members are in mutual contact, and an open position in which said members are mutually separated, said interrupting chamber further comprising an electrical insulation tube and centering said members relative to each other which is fixed relative to said frame and which extends longitudinally around said members so as to delimit a space in which they are housed.
  • said tube comprises a through orifice formed in a longitudinal wall of the tube and opening radially outwardly of this tube.
  • the above-mentioned orifice makes it possible to limit the risks of depression within the space delimited by the tube, and also allows the evacuation, outside this space, of electrically conductive particles resulting from electroerosion and / or friction contact organs.
  • the invention thus makes it possible generally to reduce the risks of reintroducing the breaking chamber.
  • the electric field near the edges of the orifice is higher than the field electrical medium within the space delimited by the aforementioned tube, due to a relatively high dielectric permittivity gradient in this area. This relatively high electric field favors the attraction of the particles in the orifice of the tube, and therefore the evacuation of these particles.
  • Local insulating gas currents within the interrupting chamber can also contribute to the evacuation of the particles.
  • This tube is preferably attached to two shields-shields respectively surrounding said contact members, so as to mutually connect these covers.
  • the insulating fluid is preferably a gas, such as SF6 sulfur hexafluoride or the like, but may alternatively be air or oil, or any other suitable fluid.
  • the breaking chamber according to the invention can advantageously equip a high or medium voltage circuit breaker, but also a disconnector, a switch, or a switch, when this is of interest.
  • said orifice of the tube is shaped so that in the closed position, a transverse plane passing through a contact interface between said contact members of the chamber intercepts said orifice.
  • the orifice of the tube is located radially facing a friction zone between the two contact members, where particles can be torn off from the two contact members because of this friction.
  • said orifice is shaped so that in the open position, two transverse planes respectively passing through respective contact surfaces of said contact members of the chamber intercept said orifice.
  • the orifice is thus sufficiently extended, in the longitudinal direction, so that the respective surfaces of the contact members, whose particles are likely to be torn off in particular by electroerosion, are located radially opposite the orifice during the relative displacement. these bodies from their closed position to their open position. This makes it possible to promote the evacuation, through said orifice, of the particles torn off from the electroerosion contact members.
  • Said orifice preferably has a center of symmetry.
  • said orifice is generally in the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners whose long sides extend in the longitudinal direction.
  • the orifice may be of another form without departing from the scope of the invention, this form preferably being devoid of angles.
  • the orifice can thus be of circular, elliptical or other shape.
  • said orifice has a edge which is connected to an external longitudinal surface and to an internal longitudinal surface of said tube respectively by sharp edges.
  • Such ridges have the advantage of increasing the intensity of the electric field around the orifice, and thus to promote the attraction of particles to the orifice and their evacuation by the latter.
  • each of said contact members comprises at least one arcing contact and a main contact surrounding the latter, said contacts being surrounded by said tube.
  • the respective main contacts of the contact members allow the passage of electric current in normal operation while the arcing contacts are designed to withstand an electric arc during the break in a well known manner.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical switchgear, such as a high or medium voltage circuit breaker, comprising at least one breaking chamber of the type described above, the orifice of said tube is oriented towards a lower side of the apparatus, as well as at least one particle trap arranged outside the tube.
  • an electrical switchgear such as a high or medium voltage circuit breaker, comprising at least one breaking chamber of the type described above, the orifice of said tube is oriented towards a lower side of the apparatus, as well as at least one particle trap arranged outside the tube.
  • the arrangement of the orifice on the lower side of the apparatus makes it possible to promote the evacuation of the particles under the effect of gravity.
  • the gravity is thus added to the force of the electric field and the possible currents of insulating gas to promote the evacuation of the particles through the orifice of the tube.
  • said particle trap is arranged opposite said orifice of said tube.
  • the invention also relates to a process for trapping electroerosion and / or friction residues of the contact members of an interrupting chamber in an electrical switchgear of the type described above, in which said residues pass through said orifice. said tube under the effect of gravity and / or an electric field and are then captured by said particle trap.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a breaking chamber of a high voltage electrical circuit breaker similar to the breaking chamber shown on the figure 1 described above, but the tube 28 of electrical insulation and centering contact members 12a and 12b, also shown alone on the figure 3 , has an orifice 46 oriented towards a lower side of the circuit breaker, that is to say downwards.
  • the orifice 46 is generally in the shape of a rectangle with rounded corners whose long sides extend along a longitudinal axis 47 of the chamber.
  • This orifice 46 has sharp edges 48 at the junctions of its edge 52 with the inner surface 40 of the tube and with the outer surface 50 thereof. These sharp edges 48 are likely to promote an increase in the electric field near the edges of the orifice 46.
  • the longitudinal extent of the orifice 46 is such that a plane P passing through the contact interface between the main contacts 14a and 14b, in the closed position, intercepts the orifice 46, and that passing planes Pa and Pb respectively by the main contacts 14a and 14b, in the open position, also intercept the orifice 46.
  • the orifice 46 has a center of symmetry 54 ( figure 3 ).
  • the particles or residues possibly torn from the contact surfaces 56 ( figure 2 ) and respective ones of the main contacts 14a, 14b fall down from the breaking chamber 10 by gravity, and a majority of these particles converge towards the orifice 46 of the insulating tube 28 under the effect of the electric field present in the vicinity of this orifice, so that these particles fall through the orifice 46.
  • a particle trap (not shown in the figures) arranged under the orifice 46 outside the space 42 delimited by the insulating tube 28.
  • the dielectric properties of the insulating tube 28 are thus best preserved, and the risk of reinforcement reduced to a minimum.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elektrisches Schaltgerät, wie etwa Hoch- oder Mittelspannungsschalter, enthaltend zumindest eine Schaltkammer (10), die dazu bestimmt ist, ein Schaltmedium zu umschließen, und zwei Kontaktglieder (12a, 12b), von denen zumindest eines in einer Längsrichtung (47) der Kammer bezogen auf ein Gehäuse (24) derselben translatorisch verschiebbar ist zwischen einer Schließstellung, in welcher die Kontaktglieder in Kontakt miteinander stehen, und einer Offenstellung, in welcher die Kontaktglieder voneinander getrennt sind, wobei die Schaltkammer ferner eine Röhre (28) zur elektrischen Isolierung und Zentrierung der Kontaktglieder (12a, 12b) zueinander aufweist, die bezüglich des Gehäuses (24) fest ist und sich längs um die Kontaktglieder herum erstreckt, so dass ein Raum (42) eingegrenzt wird, in welchem letztere aufgenommen sind, wobei das elektrische Schaltgerät dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Röhre (28) eine durchgehende Öffnung (46) aufweist, die in einer Längswand der Röhre ausgebildet ist und radial nach außerhalb dieser Röhre zu einer Innenseite des Geräts mündet, wobei die Öffnung (46) eine Schmalseite (52) aufweist, die sich jeweils über scharfe Kanten an eine äußere Längsfläche (50) und an eine innere Längsfläche (40) der Röhre (28) anschließt, wobei das elektrische Schaltgerät ferner zumindest eine Partikelfalle aufweist, die außerhalb der Röhre (28), der Öffnung (46) der Röhre (28) gegenüberliegend, angeordnet ist.
  2. Schaltkammer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (46) so ausgebildet ist, dass in Schließstellung eine Querebene (P), die durch eine Kontaktschnittstelle zwischen den Kontaktgliedern (12a, 12b) der Kammer geht, die Öffnung (46) schneidet.
  3. Schaltkammer nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (46) so ausgebildet ist, dass in Offenstellung zwei Querebenen (Pa, Pb), die durch die jeweiligen Kontaktflächen (56, 20) der Kontaktglieder (12a, 12b) der Kammer gehen, die Öffnung (46) schneiden.
  4. Schaltkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (46) einen Symmetriemittelpunkt (54) aufweist.
  5. Schaltkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnung (46) insgesamt in Form eines Rechtecks mit abgerundeten Ecken vorliegt, bei dem die Langseiten sich in Längsrichtung (47) erstrecken.
  6. Schaltkammer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes der Kontaktglieder (12a, 12b) zumindest ein Lichtbogenkontaktstück (16a, 16b) und ein Hauptkontaktstück (14a, 14b) aufweist, das letzteres umgibt, wobei die Kontaktstücke (14a, 14b, 16a, 16b) von der Röhre (28) umgeben werden.
  7. Verfahren zum Abfangen von Rückständen aus der Elektroerosion und/oder Reibung von Kontaktgliedern (12a, 12b) einer Schaltkammer (10) bei einem elektrischen Schaltgerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Rückstände unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft und/oder eines elektrischen Feldes durch die Öffnung (46) der Röhre (28) treten und dann über die Partikelfalle abgefangen werden.
EP12779052.5A 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Lichtbogenlöschkammer mit einem rohr zur begrenzung der auswirkungen der partikelerzeugung und elektrische schaltvorrichtung mit einer solchen lichtbogenlöschkammer Active EP2771897B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1159744A FR2982069B1 (fr) 2011-10-27 2011-10-27 Chambre de coupure dotee d'un tube limitant l'impact de la generation de particules et appareillage electrique de coupure equipe d'une telle chambre de coupure
PCT/EP2012/071218 WO2013060820A1 (fr) 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Chambre de coupure dotée d'un tube limitant l'impact de la génération de particules et appareillage électrique de coupure équipé d'une telle chambre de coupure

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2771897A1 EP2771897A1 (de) 2014-09-03
EP2771897B1 EP2771897B1 (de) 2015-11-18
EP2771897B2 true EP2771897B2 (de) 2018-10-03

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EP12779052.5A Active EP2771897B2 (de) 2011-10-27 2012-10-26 Lichtbogenlöschkammer mit einem rohr zur begrenzung der auswirkungen der partikelerzeugung und elektrische schaltvorrichtung mit einer solchen lichtbogenlöschkammer

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2771897B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2982069B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013060820A1 (de)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5734140A (en) † 1994-09-29 1998-03-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas insulated high voltage circuit breaker including tulip contact assembly and insertion resistor
JPH11103520A (ja) † 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Hitachi Ltd ガス絶縁開閉装置
WO2001052293A1 (en) † 2000-01-13 2001-07-19 Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. Circuit breaker with particle trap
EP1519395A2 (de) † 2003-09-25 2005-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltkammer
EP1569313A1 (de) † 2004-02-27 2005-08-31 ABB Technology AG Hochspannungsgerät mit Partikelfalle
DE102010005090A1 (de) † 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 Schaltkammer für einen Leistungsschalter sowie Leistungsschalter mit Schaltkammer
EP2390890A1 (de) † 2010-05-28 2011-11-30 ABB Technology AG Schaltkammerisolationsanordnung für einen Leistungsschalter

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3814879A (en) 1971-03-09 1974-06-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter with improved trap for removing particles from fluid insulating material
US6177643B1 (en) * 1997-01-17 2001-01-23 Siemens Aktiengeselleschaft High-voltage circuit-breaker having an axially displaceable field electrode
FR2953639B1 (fr) * 2009-12-09 2012-01-13 Areva T & D Sas Disjoncteur a haute tension a ecran amovible pour l'amelioration du gradient de champ
EP2369608B1 (de) * 2010-03-26 2012-08-29 ABB Research Ltd. Hochspannungsschutzschalter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5734140A (en) † 1994-09-29 1998-03-31 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas insulated high voltage circuit breaker including tulip contact assembly and insertion resistor
JPH11103520A (ja) † 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Hitachi Ltd ガス絶縁開閉装置
WO2001052293A1 (en) † 2000-01-13 2001-07-19 Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. Circuit breaker with particle trap
EP1519395A2 (de) † 2003-09-25 2005-03-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltkammer
EP1569313A1 (de) † 2004-02-27 2005-08-31 ABB Technology AG Hochspannungsgerät mit Partikelfalle
DE102010005090A1 (de) † 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 Schaltkammer für einen Leistungsschalter sowie Leistungsschalter mit Schaltkammer
EP2390890A1 (de) † 2010-05-28 2011-11-30 ABB Technology AG Schaltkammerisolationsanordnung für einen Leistungsschalter

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2982069B1 (fr) 2013-12-20
EP2771897A1 (de) 2014-09-03
EP2771897B1 (de) 2015-11-18
WO2013060820A1 (fr) 2013-05-02
FR2982069A1 (fr) 2013-05-03

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