EP1081434B2 - Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer rotierenden Strömung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer rotierenden Strömung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1081434B2
EP1081434B2 EP00117240A EP00117240A EP1081434B2 EP 1081434 B2 EP1081434 B2 EP 1081434B2 EP 00117240 A EP00117240 A EP 00117240A EP 00117240 A EP00117240 A EP 00117240A EP 1081434 B2 EP1081434 B2 EP 1081434B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzles
wall
incineration plant
opposite
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00117240A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1081434A1 (de
EP1081434B1 (de
Inventor
Erich Vogler
Peter Straub
Gérard CAPITAINE
Jean-Pierre Budliger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kanadevia Inova AG
Original Assignee
Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG
Publication of EP1081434A1 publication Critical patent/EP1081434A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1081434B1 publication Critical patent/EP1081434B1/de
Publication of EP1081434B2 publication Critical patent/EP1081434B2/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23JREMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/02Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00Combustion
    • F23G2202/10Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23LSUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L2900/00Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
    • F23L2900/07002Injecting inert gas, other than steam or evaporated water, into the combustion chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combustion plant according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the flow channels are used to regulate by means of the injected media, the composition of the transported away through the flow channel of the incinerator flue gas mixture and its temperature and its residence time.
  • the composition, temperature and residence time should not only be regulated but, above all, evened out. In this way, optimal afterburning of the flue gas mixture can be ensured and the desired, low emission values can be maintained. For this purpose, a thorough mixing of the flue gas mixture is necessary. Through the generation of rotating flows in the flow channel by means of devices with corresponding nozzle arrangements one tries to achieve this complete mixing.
  • a generic combustion system is for example off US-A-5,252,298 known.
  • the arranged in a plane nozzles are aligned tangentially to an imaginary in the middle of the flow channel circle, so that in the flow channel, a rotating flow is generated.
  • the flow rate is controlled by means disposed in the flow channel opposite each other nozzles such that at least two oppositely rotating flows in the flow channel arise.
  • the problem with these known rotating flows is that an almost vortex-free eye is formed in the middle of the flow, so that complete mixing and thus no uniform composition, temperature distribution and residence time are obtained.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an economical incineration plant with which complete mixing of flue gas mixtures in the flow channel of the incineration plant is obtained.
  • This object is fulfilled by a combustion plant according to the features of claim 1.
  • first nozzles according to claim 1 Due to the special arrangement of first nozzles according to claim 1 in a plane of injection in at least one first wall portion per wall, which is at least a first wall portion of the opposite wall obliquely opposite, and by the alignment of the first nozzle in the injection plane, that in the injection plane lying angle between the wall and a sprayed jet is at least approximately 90 °, on the one hand generates a rotating flow in the flow channel and on the other hand achieved a very good mixing of the flue gas mixture.
  • first wall sections for swirling the flowing material in the projection do not overlap or only partly laterally overlap approximately in the direction of the jet flowing through the first nozzles, in particular if the first nozzles are distributed on first wall sections having a length 1 of 50% and more ensures that jets of doused media reach the center of the flow channel, in that the sum L of lengths of the first wall sections of a wall is at least approximately 40% to 80% of the total wall width b, ie the first nozzles extend only over a portion of the width b of the wall, material and assembly costs are saved for the nozzles, the mixing efficiency is maintained.
  • second nozzles are provided in the injection plane, which further improves the mixing.
  • a plurality of first and more preferably also a plurality of second wall sections are provided with first and second nozzles per wall, so that vortex areas are generated with counter-rotating vortices, which further improves the mixing.
  • each of the second nozzles with a Eindüskomponente have a different angle ⁇ with respect to the injection plane or all other nozzles nozzle with a Eindüskomponente in the same by the angle ⁇ tilted with respect to the injection level in the flow channel.
  • the jets of these nozzles are adjustable so that they flow helically in one another.
  • first nozzles are arranged in a first wall section on all four walls delimiting the flow channel.
  • the first wall sections are in the circumferential direction opposite to the rotating flow respectively at the beginning of a wall, so that they are spaced from the first wall portion of the adjacent wall and do not touch each other.
  • the nozzles of all four walls can also be arranged in two parallel injection planes spaced apart from one another in the flow direction, with nozzles located opposite one another being arranged in one plane.
  • point-symmetrically opposite wall sections are the same length.
  • fresh secondary air and / or recirculated flue gas are injected.
  • annular gap nozzles are provided.
  • the core jet of the annular gap nozzles consists of recirculated flue gas and the ring jet of fresh secondary air.
  • control system with the aid of which the flow rate of the media to be atomized is independently controllable, at least for arranged on opposite walls nozzles.
  • At least one injection level is arranged in the area of a flame blanket of the incineration plant situated in the transitional region between a combustion chamber and the flue gas outlet, cooling of the flame blanket exposed to a very high thermal load is achieved by injecting the media to be atomized in addition to the mixing and regulation of the flue gas mixture.
  • Fig. 1a to 4a are each of a waste incineration plant a section of a flue gas outlet 10 and a combustion chamber 12 and a transition region 20 between the combustion chamber 12 and flue 10 with a flame blanket 14 in section along the flue gas outlet 10 shown.
  • a rectangular flow channel 18 is provided, which comprises the transition region 20 from the combustion chamber 12 to the flue gas outlet 10 and the flue gas outlet 10.
  • the principal flow direction of the flue gas mixture is indicated by an arrow 16.
  • sections are shown transversely to the flow channel 18 in the region of an injection plane 22, in which nozzles 24 are arranged for injecting atomizable media.
  • the nozzles 24 and their orientation are represented by arrows in all representations.
  • the refuse flow direction is indicated by an arrow 9.
  • first wall portions 28 having a length l 1 of at least approximately 40% to 80% of the wall width b of a wall 26.
  • the first wall sections 28 are in each case point-symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal axis 32 of the flow channel 18 as a geometric axis of symmetry and are bounded on one side by the adjacent wall 26.
  • first nozzles 24a are arranged in a row 22 in a row.
  • the first nozzles 24a are aligned in the injection plane 22, so that they inject into this, wherein the lying in the injection plane angle ⁇ between injected jet 30 and wall 26 is about 90 °. This arrangement of nozzles 24 allows a good mixing of the flow channel 18 for rotation excited and flowing in the direction 16 flue gas mixture.
  • the injection level 22 is in all examples in the area of the flame ceiling 14, which is arranged in the transition region 20 between flue gas outlet 10 and combustion chamber 12.
  • the flame blanket 14 is either penetrated even by nozzles 24, as shown in all four examples, and / or it is via nozzles 24a ', 24b''which are arranged in walls (26) laterally below the flame blanket (14), with undermined media ", as in the Fig. 2 to 4 is shown. In this way, the flame blanket 14 can be cooled by the injected media.
  • first wall portions 28 are provided with a length l 1 of about 40% to 50% of the wall width b.
  • second wall section 34 with length l 2
  • the row of the first nozzles 24a in the first wall section 28 are complementary, second nozzles 24b, which are aligned at an angle ⁇ with respect to the first nozzle 24a obliquely against the center of the flow channel 18 represented by the central longitudinal axis 32 are.
  • the angle ⁇ is in this example about 25 °, but it can be between 20 ° and 50 °.
  • the lengths l 1 and l 2 of the two wall sections 28, 34 complement each other in this example to the entire wall width b, but this need not necessarily be so.
  • the second nozzles 24b are aligned in a common plane 36, which is tilted by the angle ⁇ with respect to the injection plane 22.
  • the angle ⁇ in this example is about 10 °, but may vary and be between 5 ° and 15 °.
  • the second nozzles 24b are aligned such that the beams 30 generated by them flow into one another helically.
  • the second nozzles 24b may also be tilted at individual angles ⁇ with respect to the injection plane 22.
  • FIG. 2a to 2c an embodiment is shown in which on all four walls 26 of the flow channel 18 first nozzles 24a in a first wall portion 28 and second nozzles 24b in a second wall portion 34 analogous to that in the Fig. 1a and 1b illustrated embodiment are arranged.
  • the first wall sections 28 are arranged in the circumferential direction against the rotating flow in each case at the beginning of a wall 26.
  • the nozzles 24a, 24b and 24a ', 24a'',24b', 24b '' are arranged in two parallel, in the flow direction spaced injection levels 22 and 22 *, wherein nozzles 24 on opposite walls 26 in a common injection plane 22nd , 22 * are arranged.
  • the distance d between the injection planes 22, 22 * can be between 0.4m and 3m.
  • first wall sections 28 with first nozzles 24a are arranged in a single injection plane 22 on all four walls 26 of the flow channel 18.
  • the length l 1 of the first wall sections 28 is well above 0.5b, preferably at 0.55b to 0.75b.
  • the remainder of each wall 26 remaining on the entire wall width b is free of nozzles 24.
  • the nozzles 24a instead of in a single Injection level 22 (cf. Fig. 3a, 3b ) in two mutually parallel injection planes 22 and 22 * to arrange, as shown in the Fig. 4a, 4b is shown.
  • All nozzles are designed so that media to be injected can be injected at a pressure of 500 Pa to 5000 Pa.
  • Fig. 5 is an annular gap nozzle 24 * shown, as provided for example for injecting fresh secondary air and recirculated flue gas. Shown is a first supply line 40 for the supply of a first medium, in this case recirculated flue gas, in a core nozzle 42 and a core jet producing nozzle part and a second supply line 44 for the supply of a second medium, in this case fresh secondary air, in a formed as an annular gap 46 and a ring beam producing nozzle part.
  • a first supply line 40 for the supply of a first medium, in this case recirculated flue gas
  • a core nozzle 42 and a core jet producing nozzle part in a core jet producing nozzle part
  • a second supply line 44 for the supply of a second medium, in this case fresh secondary air, in a formed as an annular gap 46 and a ring beam producing nozzle part.
  • a control system 48 Via a control system 48, as it is in Fig. 6 is shown for annular gap nozzles 24 *, the different conditions, as they can prevail on different sides of the flow channel 18, better taken into account.
  • the flow rates of the media to be injected are controllable independently of each other via the control system 48 and the valves 54 in the example shown for the upstream with respect to the refuse flow 9 half 52 and the downstream half 50 of the flow channel 18. It would also be conceivable to have separate control of the flow rates for the nozzles 24 on all four walls 26.
  • nozzles 24 are provided for secondary air and nozzles 24 for recirculated flue gas. These nozzles 24 can be arranged either mixed in a row next to each other or in two rows one above the other, so that there is a separate injection level 22 for each nozzle 24. If annular gap nozzles 24 * are provided, the core jet consists of flue gas and the ring jet of secondary air, as for Fig. 5 described.
  • the embodiments shown here are not exhaustive of the invention. That's the way it is Example possible to use the device in incinerators and waste incineration plants, in which the transition region 20 between the combustion chamber 12 and flue gas outlet 10 is characterized by a constriction. Also, further injection levels 22 may be provided deeper in the combustion chamber 12 or higher in the flue 10. Instead or in addition to flue gas and secondary air, other media such as steam activated carbon, stove coke (HOK), waste z. B. in the context of a residue recycling, fuels etc. are injected. Also, to obtain a reducing atmosphere, the device can be used. In the same direction of rotation as the first nozzles 24a, burners 2m to 3m above the injection plane 22 may be arranged on two opposite walls 26.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which two counter-rotating vortices 60 ', 61' are generated.
  • the device goes by reflection on the bottom wall 26 of the in Fig. 2b shown, ie the first and second nozzles shown there are doubled.
  • the walls 26 of the device each have two first wall sections 28a1 and 28a2 or 28b1 and 28b2 with first nozzles 24a.
  • the first nozzles 24a of the first wall sections 28a2, 28b2 in the lower half of the cross-section are arranged obliquely opposite each other and produce a clockwise-rotating first vortex 61 '. This is amplified by the second nozzles 24b of the second wall portions 34a2, 34b2.
  • the second nozzles 24b radiate in a direction offset by +/- ⁇ with respect to the jet direction of the first nozzles.
  • These second wall portions 34a2, 34b2 are also opposite each other obliquely.
  • the wall portions in the lower half of the illustrated cross section define a first vortex region 61.
  • a second vortex region 60 is defined by the first and second wall portions 28a1, 28b1, 34a1, 34b1 in the upper part of FIG FIG. 7 Are defined.
  • the local second vortex 60 'rotates counterclockwise.
  • first wall sections 28a1 and 28b1 (second swirl 60 ') and 28a2 and 28b2 (second swirl 61') define the direction of rotation of the swirl 60 ', 61'.
  • the second nozzles 24b then radiate to enhance the rotation, ie tangentially in the direction of rotation, to an imaginary circle about the center of the vortex 60 'and 61', respectively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
EP00117240A 1999-08-30 2000-08-14 Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer rotierenden Strömung Expired - Lifetime EP1081434B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH158599 1999-08-30
CH01585/99A CH694305A5 (de) 1999-08-30 1999-08-30 Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer rotierenden Stroemung.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1081434A1 EP1081434A1 (de) 2001-03-07
EP1081434B1 EP1081434B1 (de) 2004-10-13
EP1081434B2 true EP1081434B2 (de) 2008-12-31

Family

ID=4213860

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00117240A Expired - Lifetime EP1081434B2 (de) 1999-08-30 2000-08-14 Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung einer rotierenden Strömung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6938561B1 (cs)
EP (1) EP1081434B2 (cs)
JP (1) JP3750014B2 (cs)
KR (1) KR100465934B1 (cs)
CH (1) CH694305A5 (cs)
CZ (1) CZ297291B6 (cs)
DE (1) DE50008206D1 (cs)
TW (1) TW454082B (cs)

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DE10160756A1 (de) * 2001-12-11 2003-06-18 Fritz Schoppe Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Abfällen und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln der Abgase einer Abfallverbrennung
WO2003083370A1 (en) * 2002-04-03 2003-10-09 Seghers Keppel Technology Group Nv Method and device for controlling injection of primary and secondary air in an incineration system
AU2003203838B2 (en) * 2002-04-26 2008-02-07 Le Mac Australia Holdings Pty Ltd Shrink sleeve
KR100657147B1 (ko) * 2004-12-08 2006-12-12 두산중공업 주식회사 공해 물질 저감을 위한 혼합 촉진구조 및 이를 이용한혼합촉진방법
FR2910113B1 (fr) * 2006-12-14 2009-02-13 Veolia Proprete Sa Four d'incineration a recuperation d'energie optimisee
US20090151609A1 (en) * 2007-12-15 2009-06-18 Hoskinson Gordon H Incinerator with pivoting grating system
KR100903778B1 (ko) * 2008-12-03 2009-06-19 한국기계연구원 순산소석탄연소 로내고온탈황용 석회석 평면분사장치
KR101032608B1 (ko) * 2010-11-30 2011-05-06 현대건설주식회사 유기성 폐기물 처리장치
EP2505919A1 (de) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-03 Hitachi Zosen Inova AG Verfahren zur Optimierung des Ausbrands von Abgasen einer Verbrennungsanlage durch Homogenisierung der Abgase über dem Brennbett mittels Abgas-Einspritzung
JP2015068517A (ja) * 2013-09-27 2015-04-13 日立造船株式会社 焼却炉における燃焼運転方法および焼却炉
DE102016002899B4 (de) * 2016-03-09 2020-03-12 Johannes Kraus Feuerraum mit verbessertem Ausbrand
JP6797084B2 (ja) * 2017-06-27 2020-12-09 川崎重工業株式会社 二次燃焼用気体供給方法、二次燃焼用気体供給構造、及び廃棄物焼却炉
CN109405276B (zh) * 2018-09-30 2021-07-27 农业部规划设计研究院 一种秸秆捆烧锅炉清洁供暖系统
JP6620213B2 (ja) * 2018-11-28 2019-12-11 株式会社神鋼環境ソリューション 二次燃焼設備

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DE19939672A1 (de) 1999-08-20 2001-03-15 Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh Feuerungssystem sowie Verfahren zur Wärmeerzeugung durch Verbrennung

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19939672A1 (de) 1999-08-20 2001-03-15 Alstom Power Boiler Gmbh Feuerungssystem sowie Verfahren zur Wärmeerzeugung durch Verbrennung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6938561B1 (en) 2005-09-06
CH694305A5 (de) 2004-11-15
EP1081434A1 (de) 2001-03-07
CZ297291B6 (cs) 2006-10-11
DE50008206D1 (de) 2004-11-18
TW454082B (en) 2001-09-11
JP3750014B2 (ja) 2006-03-01
EP1081434B1 (de) 2004-10-13
KR100465934B1 (ko) 2005-01-13
CZ20003153A3 (cs) 2001-08-15
JP2001099415A (ja) 2001-04-13
KR20010050249A (ko) 2001-06-15

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