EP1069096B1 - Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung - Google Patents
Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1069096B1 EP1069096B1 EP00113004A EP00113004A EP1069096B1 EP 1069096 B1 EP1069096 B1 EP 1069096B1 EP 00113004 A EP00113004 A EP 00113004A EP 00113004 A EP00113004 A EP 00113004A EP 1069096 B1 EP1069096 B1 EP 1069096B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- acid
- nitrate
- composition
- set forth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/02—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for neutralising poisonous gases from explosives produced during blasting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an azide-free gas-generating Composition consisting essentially of at least one organic Fuel, at least one inorganic oxidizer and iron oxide consists.
- the composition is particularly suitable for use in Gas generators for vehicle occupant restraint systems.
- Generic gas generating compositions are for example DE 94 16 112 U1 known.
- This document shows a solid gas generator fuel with at least one organic fuel, at least one inorganic oxidizer and at least one carrier substance and / or at least an oxygen-providing carrier, wherein the oxygen carrier Vehicle can be iron (III) oxide.
- the oxygen carrier Vehicle can be iron (III) oxide.
- Gas generating compositions of this type are also known from DE-C2-4411654.
- the gas-generating mixture described therein consists of 20 to 50 wt .-% of a nitrogen-rich organic compound having a nitrogen content of at least 40 wt .-%, 20 to 70 wt .-% of an inorganic oxidizer, 0 to 40 wt .-% of a transition metal oxide and 0.1 to 20 wt .-% zeolite.
- Iron oxide with an average particle size of less than 1 ⁇ m and a specific surface area of more than 8 m 2 / g according to BET is mentioned in particular as transition metal oxide.
- the zeolite addition is intended to bring about a reduction of the carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide content in the gas mixture resulting from the burning off of the gas-generating composition.
- an azide-free gas generating mixture for use in gas generators for vehicle occupant restraint systems which consists essentially of at least one organic fuel, at least one inorganic oxidizer and iron oxide and which is characterized in that the iron oxide is brown, ferromagnetic ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , and the organic fuel is selected from the group consisting of the nitrogen-rich tetrazole, triazole and guanidine compounds and mixtures thereof, or from the group consisting of the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic acids and mixtures thereof.
- Iron oxide exists in various modifications; For example, a distinction is made between red ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 (hematite), brown ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 (maghemite), black Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite), yellow ⁇ -FeOOH (goethite) and yellow ⁇ -FeOOH (lepidocrocite). which can be both natural and synthetic.
- the preferred iron oxide according to the invention is synthetically produced, brown, ferromagnetic iron oxide ( ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , maghemite).
- the iron oxide particularly preferably has an average particle size of ⁇ 1 ⁇ m and a specific surface area of ⁇ 10 m 2 / g.
- the core idea of the invention is the use of brown ⁇ -iron oxide instead of the commonly used red iron oxide ( ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 , hematite) or other iron oxides.
- ⁇ -iron oxide as a special modification of the available iron oxides, a significant reduction of the noxious gas content, in particular the proportion of nitrogen oxides, can be achieved.
- the principle underlying the present invention of the exchange of red iron oxide for brown ⁇ -iron oxide is particularly useful for compositions containing iron oxide as an active ingredient anyway.
- the invention is not limited to such gas-generating compositions, but mutatis mutandis applicable to all acid-free gas-generating mixtures.
- Fe 3 O 4 is disadvantageous because of its lower oxidation equivalence, since larger amounts of iron oxide are needed to oxidize equal amounts of fuel. This is undesirable because of the associated deterioration in gas yield.
- the use of FeOOH is not preferred because of the high proportion of bound water, since this water evaporates on burning of the gas-generating mixture and the burning rate is thereby reduced too much.
- Experiments have also shown that when using Fe 3 O 4 or FeOOH, the reduction of the nitrogen oxide in the gas mixture does not occur to the same extent as in the use of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 .
- the proportion of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 in the gas-generating composition of the present invention is preferably 2 to 50% by weight, more preferably about 10 to 40% by weight.
- Tetrazole Triazole or guanidine compounds and mixtures thereof used.
- these compounds are 5-aminotetrazole, 1H-tetrazole, Bistetrazole, azotetrazole, triazolone, nitrotriazolone, Guanidine carbonate, guanidine nitrate, guanidine perchlorate, aminoguanidine nitrate, Guanidine perchlorate, diaminoguanidine nitrate, triaminoguanidine nitrate, Nitroguanidine and its salts, derivatives or mixtures thereof.
- the organic fuel may further be made from nitrogen-containing heterocyclic organic acids and mixtures thereof be selected from the existing group.
- nitrogenous heterocyclic organic acids are cyanuric acid, Isocyanuric acid, cyamelide, uracol, uracil, uramine, uracin, alloxan, Alloxanoic acid, alloxantine, xanthine, allantoin, barbituric acid, orotic acid, Dilituric acid, triazolone, violuric acid, succinimide, dialuric acid, Isodialuric acid, hydantoin, pseudohydantoin, imidazolone, pyrazolone, Parabanic acid, furazan, ammeline, creatinine, maleic hydrazide, Uric acid, pseudo-uric acid, guanazine, guanazole, melamine, their salts, Derivatives or mixtures thereof.
- the inorganic gas contained in the gas generating composition Oxidator is preferably from the of the alkali and / or alkaline earth metal nitrates; chlorates, perchlorates and peroxides, and Ammonium nitrate or perchlorate, copper oxide or basic copper nitrate existing group selected. It can also be mixtures of the aforementioned oxidizers are used.
- the gas generating composition can still the commonly used processing aids, such as Freeze aids, pressing aids and / or lubricants.
- the processing aids are preferred in a proportion of up to 5 wt .-%, based on the total composition used.
- An inventively particularly preferred gas-generating composition consists essentially of 15 to 55 wt .-% 5-aminotetrazole, 25 to 65 wt .-% potassium nitrate and 20 to 60 wt .-% ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 .
- potassium nitrate instead of potassium nitrate as an inorganic oxidizer, sodium nitrate can also be used.
- composition according to the invention consists essentially of 30 to 50 wt .-% guanidine nitrate. 15 to 35% by weight of basic copper nitrate, 10 to 25% by weight of copper oxide, 1 to 10% by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 1 to 10% by weight of sodium nitrate and 2 to 20% by weight of ⁇ -Fe 2 O 3 ,
- test results show that only the replacement of the red ⁇ -iron oxide by brown ⁇ -iron oxide, a reduction of the nitrogen oxide content effected in the released gas mixture.
- the carbon monoxide content remains almost unaffected.
- a comparable effect occurs when a conventional gas generating composition, brown ⁇ -iron oxide is added.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
Treibstoff | CO [ppm] | NO [ppm] |
Beispiel 1 | 221 | 33 |
Vergleichsbeipiel 1 | 221 | 75 |
Beispiel 2 | 194 | 10 |
Vergleichsbeipiel 2 | 186 | 44 |
Claims (10)
- Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren für Fahrzeuginsassen-Rückhaltesysteme, im wesentlichen bestehend aus wenigstens einem organischen Brennstoff, wenigstens einem anorganischen Oxidator und Eisenoxid, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Eisenoxid braunes, ferromagnetisches γ-Fe2O3 ist und der organische Brennstoff aus der aus den stickstoffreichen Tetrazol-, Triazol- und Guanidinverbindungen sowie deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe oder aus der aus den stickstoffhaltigen heterocyclischen organischen Säuren sowie deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das γ-Fe2O3 eine mittlere Teilchengröße von ≤ 1µm und eine spezifische Oberfläche von ≥ 10m2/g aufweist.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der anorganische Oxidator aus der aus den Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalinitraten, -chloraten, -perchloraten und -peroxiden, Ammoniumnitrat oder -perchlorat sowie Kupferoxid oder basischem Kupfernitrat und deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt ist.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tetrazol-, Triazol- und Guanidinverbindungen aus der aus 5-Aminotetrazol, 1H-Tetrazol, Bistetrazol, Azotetrazol, Triazolon, Nitrotriazolon, Guanidincarbonat, Guanidinnitrat, Guanidinperchlorat, Aminoguanidinnitrat, Diaminoguanidinnitrat, Triaminoguanidinnitrat, Nitroguanidin, deren Salzen oder Derivaten, sowie deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt sind.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stickstoffhaltigen heterocyclischen organischen Säuren aus der aus Cyanursäure, Isocyanursäure, Cyamelid, Urazol, Uracil, Uramin, Urazin, Alloxan, Alloxansäure, Alloxantin, Xanthin, Allantoin, Barbitursäure, Orotsäure, Dilitursäure, Triazolon, Violursäure, Succinimid, Dialursäure, Isodialursäure, Hydantoin, Pseudohydantoin, Imidazolon, Pyrazolon, Parabansäure, Furazan, Ammelin, Kreatinin, Maleinsäurehydrazid, Harnsäure, Pseudoharnsäure, Guanazin, Guanazol, Melamin, deren Salzen oder Derivaten, sowie deren Mischungen bestehenden Gruppe ausgewählt sind.
- Zusammensetzung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gemisch zusätzlich bis zu 5 Gew.-% Verarbeitungshilfen enthält.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, im wesentlichen bestehend aus 15 bis 55 Gew.-% 5-Aminotetrazol, 25 bis 65 Gew.-% Kaliumnitrat und 20 bis 60 Gew.-% γ-Fe2O3.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, im wesentlichen bestehend aus 15 bis 55 Gew.-% 5-Aminotetrazol, 25 bis 65 Gew.-% Natriumnitrat und 20 bis 60 Gew.- % γ-Fe2O3.
- Zusammensetzung nach Anspruch 1, im wesentlichen bestehend aus 30 bis 50 Gew.-% Guanidinnitrat, 15 bis 35 Gew.-% basischem Kupfernitrat, 10 bis 25 Gew.-% Kupferoxid, 1 bis 10 Gew.-% Ammoniumperchlorat, 1 bis 10 Gew.-% Natriumnitrat und 2 bis 20 Gew.-% γ-Fe2O3
- Verwendung von γ-Fe2O3 zur Herstellung einer azidfreien gaserzeugenden Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19932466A DE19932466A1 (de) | 1999-07-12 | 1999-07-12 | Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
DE19932466 | 1999-07-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1069096A1 EP1069096A1 (de) | 2001-01-17 |
EP1069096B1 true EP1069096B1 (de) | 2005-05-11 |
Family
ID=7914451
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00113004A Expired - Lifetime EP1069096B1 (de) | 1999-07-12 | 2000-06-20 | Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1069096B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19932466A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4500399B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-04 | 2010-07-14 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | トリアジン誘導体を含むガス発生剤組成物 |
DE10064285C1 (de) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-10-17 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Gasgeneratortreibstoff-Zusammensetzung und deren Verwendung |
DE10230402B4 (de) * | 2002-07-05 | 2007-01-11 | Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gaserzeugenden Zusammensetzung |
US20040094250A1 (en) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-05-20 | Estes-Cox Corporation | Composite propellant compositions |
US20060289096A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2006-12-28 | Mendenhall Ivan V | Extrudable gas generant |
US20050016646A1 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-01-27 | Barnes Michael W. | Chlorine-containing gas generant compositions including a copper-containing chlorine scavenger |
JP4767487B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-20 | 2011-09-07 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | ガス発生剤組成物 |
FR2871457B1 (fr) * | 2004-06-10 | 2006-08-11 | Giat Ind Sa | Composition pyrotechnique ayant une tenue mecanique amelioree |
DE102004062168A1 (de) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Petri-Dn Gmbh Inflator Systems | Stoffgemisch als thermisch initiierbare Anzündmischung |
CN100455553C (zh) * | 2004-10-08 | 2009-01-28 | 彼得里-蒂恩充气系统两合公司 | 作为可热引发的引燃混合物的物质混合物 |
FR2950624B1 (fr) * | 2009-09-25 | 2013-05-10 | Snpe Materiaux Energetiques | Compose pyrotechnique generateur de gaz |
WO2017205257A1 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-11-30 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Gas generating compositions and methods of making and using thereof |
CN106810410B (zh) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-10-29 | 北京理工大学 | 一种烟火型气体发生剂组合物及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3074830A (en) * | 1960-01-05 | 1963-01-22 | Cecil A Rassier | Combustion mixtures containing guanidine nitrate |
US3214308A (en) * | 1962-12-13 | 1965-10-26 | Thiokol Chemical Corp | Thermally stable propellant powders containing powdered polymeric materials and perchlorates |
US3617586A (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1971-11-02 | John M Lenoir | Burning rate accelerating method |
JPS526388A (en) * | 1975-07-07 | 1977-01-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Production process of catalyst for purification of waste gas of combus tion |
US4214438A (en) * | 1978-02-03 | 1980-07-29 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Pyrotechnic composition and method of inflating an inflatable device |
EP0543026A4 (en) * | 1991-05-28 | 1995-03-29 | Daicel Chem | Gas generating agent |
US5382050A (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1995-01-17 | Trw Inc. | Gas generator for vehicle occupant restraint |
WO1995009825A1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-13 | Nigu Chemie Gmbh | Gasgeneratortreibstoff |
US5817972A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1998-10-06 | Trw Inc. | Iron oxide as a coolant and residue former in an organic propellant |
JP3247929B2 (ja) * | 1995-11-14 | 2002-01-21 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | ガス発生剤組成物 |
-
1999
- 1999-07-12 DE DE19932466A patent/DE19932466A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-06-20 DE DE50010265T patent/DE50010265D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-20 EP EP00113004A patent/EP1069096B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19932466A1 (de) | 2001-01-18 |
EP1069096A1 (de) | 2001-01-17 |
DE50010265D1 (de) | 2005-06-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0949225B1 (de) | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung | |
EP1069096B1 (de) | Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung | |
DE69402043T2 (de) | Verfahrenshilfsmittel für gaserzeugende Zusammensetzungen | |
EP0722429B1 (de) | Gasgeneratortreibstoff | |
EP0905108B1 (de) | Partikelfreies gaserzeugendes Gemisch | |
DE69609791T2 (de) | Katalysator enthaltende, azidfreie gaserzeugende zusammensetzungen | |
DE69609793T2 (de) | Heterogene gaserzeugende Treibladungen | |
EP1006096B1 (de) | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung | |
EP0691317B1 (de) | Gaserzeugendes, azidfreies Stoffgemisch | |
DE69609652T2 (de) | Stabilisator-enthaltende gaserzeugende Zusammensetzungen | |
EP1345872B1 (de) | Gasgeneratortreibstoff-zusammensetzung | |
DE4411654C2 (de) | Gaserzeugendes Gemisch | |
DE29722912U1 (de) | Azidfreie gaserzeugende Zusammensetzung | |
DE102007020549A1 (de) | Gaserzeugungszusammensetzungen | |
WO1998017607A1 (de) | Gaserzeugendes, azidfreies feststoffgemisch | |
DE19840993B4 (de) | Verwendung eines gaserzeugenden Gemisches als Anzündmischung in einem Gasgenerator | |
EP1162183B1 (de) | Anzündmischung zur Verwendung in Gasgeneratoren | |
DE112007001117T5 (de) | Gaserzeugungsmittelzusammensetzungen | |
DE19925442A1 (de) | Kaltbrennende, auf Ammoniumnitrat basierende Gaserzeugungszusammensetzung | |
DE19812372C2 (de) | Gasgeneratortreibstoffe | |
DE112011101072T5 (de) | Gaserzeugungsmittelzusammensetzungen | |
EP1553071B1 (de) | Verfahren zum Aufblasen eines Gassacks und Gassackmodul zur Verwendung in diesem Verfahren | |
EP1051373B1 (de) | Azidfreie, gaserzeugende zusammensetzung | |
DE19531130A1 (de) | Gaserzeugende Masse mit einem Verschlackungsmittel | |
DE19617538C1 (de) | Gaserzeugendes, azidfreies Stoffgemisch |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR SE |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010712 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: DE FR SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20020913 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: TRW AIRBAG SYSTEMS GMBH |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 50010265 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20050616 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20060214 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20060602 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070621 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 19 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20190625 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20190630 Year of fee payment: 20 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R071 Ref document number: 50010265 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 50010265 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: PRINZ & PARTNER MBB PATENTANWAELTE RECHTSANWAE, DE Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 50010265 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: ZF AIRBAG GERMANY GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: TRW AIRBAG SYSTEMS GMBH, 84544 ASCHAU, DE |