EP1067241B1 - Basin construction for catchment of a traffic road - Google Patents

Abstract

The trough structure for an underpass, in particular, one lying at least partially below the ground water level (5) comprises a sealing layer (14) covering the surface of a trough-shaped excavation, a ballast layer (22) of firm material, and a filler layer (23) as a base for a road structure (12). Both the firm ballast layer (22) and the filler layer (23) contain electrofurnace slag, or consist either entirely or in parts of electrofurnace slag.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to an embedded in the soil tub construction with a Tub sole and flared side walls, especially for the underpass a traffic route that is at least partially below the Groundwater level is.

State of the art

Traffic routes, in particular roads and paths, the other traffic routes often have to cross in order to avoid an increase Road or railway line are lowered into the underground. In areas with high groundwater level, are regularly parts of the undercut Traffic route below the groundwater level. To a flooding of the In order to avoid the traffic route, this must be compared to the Groundwater sealed tub construction will be conducted; this consists in usually made of a reinforced concrete structure.

The production of such so-called groundwater pans is time and Costly because special waterproof concrete construction methods are used often need extra besides a special concrete mix Steel reinforcements required. The execution of an outside of the Concrete surfaces applied sealing requires a considerable amount of work, as well as the seal of the joints between individual building sections for Example with joint tapes. The multiplicity of these work steps carries the danger of Errors and later additional costs in the elimination of nonetheless infiltrating water through a pumping system.

In order to be able to produce such a groundwater trough, must First, an at least approximately watertight enclosure of the excavation getting produced. This can be done by steel sheet piling or through Soil consolidations happen.

Sheet piling connects to impermeable, groundwater bearing Soil layers to obtain a sealed pit. Within one Such provisional groundwater trough then the ground for the final structure to be dug. During the construction period accruing Leachate is pumped out. A soil consolidation is predominantly then applied when there are no dense soil layers to greater depths. With the soil hardening, a water-permeable surface can also after be sealed at the bottom to obtain the required dry pit.

But the costs incurred for this as well as the costs for lowering the Groundwater costs a considerable part of the construction costs for a such groundwater tub. It can with a longer construction time by the Groundwater lowering also ecological damage or damage for example caused by subsidence on adjacent buildings.

Finally, the trough-shaped tub construction itself must be sufficient against Buoyancy be secured. This usually happens through the side walls cantilevered parts of the bottom plate on which the subsequent refilling of the Soil acts as ballast. In extreme cases, the groundwater sink must also be secured by anchor against buoyancy.

A generic construction is specified in NL-A-9 301 279.

Object of the invention

Against this background, the invention is based on the object, a simpler and more economical possibility for the construction of a groundwater basin show the underpass of a traffic route.

Presentation of the invention

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of Patent claim 1 solved.

Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims.

The essential advantage of the invention is seen in the fact that for the production a groundwater sump for normal applications largely with the Working techniques of the earthworks and the technique proven from the landfill construction the combination seal can be worked. Such seals can be produced in no time what the cost of the Construction pit securing and drainage significantly reduced. In addition, can the seal should be checked for leaks before installing additional layers.

Another essential advantage of the invention follows from that to the fuse against buoyancy within the groundwater trough, ie within of the Seal enclosed space, ballast layers can be arranged and that these consist of electric furnace slag, be it in the form of solid Materials, whether in the form of beds. Electric furnace slags own one 50% higher installation density than mineral materials, resulting in the Reduce the required excavation amounts considerably. Such Ballasting for buoyancy protection can not only in the area of the building sole be executed; On the contrary, they can also be installed on the embankments Foundations of electric furnace slag used for buoyancy protection become.

Description of the drawing

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch einen zu unterführenden Verkehrsweg im Bereich einer Kreuzung mit einem anderen Verkehrsweg,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch eine Grundwasserwanne gemäß der Erfindung,

Fig. 3

einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 2 in größerem Maßstab,

Fig. 4

wiederum einen Ausschnitt aus Fig. 3 sowie die

Fig. 5 und 6

weitere Anwendungsbeispiele der Erfindung.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1

a cross section through a traffic route to be submerged in the area of an intersection with another traffic route,

Fig. 2

a cross section through a groundwater trough according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a section of Figure 2 on a larger scale,

Fig. 4

again a section of Fig. 3 and the

FIGS. 5 and 6

Further examples of use of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows an overview as a cross section through a in a Groundwater trough to undercut the road for the construction process and the construction of the tub essential features.

In the illustrated construction measure is assumed that an upper, approximately in the Terrain surface 1 extending traffic route 2 via a lower, in one Incision 3 extending traffic route 4 must be transferred. Since the Groundwater level 5 is relatively high, the lower traffic route 4, the Example a road, in a sealed against the groundwater Groundwater trough 6 run.

For the preparation of the groundwater trough, the groundwater level must first be determined be lowered. For groundwater ponds, which are only about 1 to 2 m in the Submerge groundwater, can often rely on a complete construction pit enclosure, For example, by a sheet pile wall 7, be dispensed with. Of the Groundwater level 5 can rather by means of the side of the construction measure arranged pumping wells 8 are lowered. Areal seals to the ground by means of soil consolidations 9 can in per se known Be made way. The lateral influx of groundwater can be in Considering the short construction period of the measure according to the invention instead of elaborate sheet pile walls more cost-effective prevented by icing of the soil are made by by 10 lowered into the ground injection tubes frost body 11th be formed.

Should the groundwater trough to be produced impede the groundwater flow, then below the same transverse trenches can be dug, for example, lined with a geotextile filter and with cavities, such as gravel or screened gravel. Through such seepage layers, the groundwater can drain the cross section Undercut locking or narrowing tub construction.

Then the groundwater trough can be produced in the now dry excavation pit become. For this purpose, first in the area of the incision 3 below the future Lane 12 the space for the construction of the substructure after the Dug up regulations on road fortifications. In addition, the to Buoyancy protection of the later groundwater trough required soil layer dug, finally, the surface of the resulting trough-shaped Abtragsfläche 13 leveled and compacted.

On the Abtragsfläche 13 is then the sealing layer 14 for the laid groundwater sump 6. The sealing layer 14 is in illustrated embodiment (Fig. 3, 4) of a - lower - geotextile Clay film 15 with a filling of bentonite as the first mineral Sealing layer and as a lower protective layer for a laid over it Plastic sealing sheet 16, e.g. made of polyethylene or thermoplastic Olefins.

The plastic sealing strip 16 is about 30 cm above the highest Groundwater level 5 installed horizontally in the embankment and secured there (17) (Figure 2). In the area of the bridge construction, especially the superstructure 18 supporting abutment 19, the plastic sealing strip 16 to the Art structures, such as the bridge abutment 19, penetrations or shafts by means of landfill technology of known construction methods connected.

Alternatively, a so-called testable double seal according to DE 196 25 245 A1 can be used as a sealing layer. In this case, a preferably 500 g / m ² heavy nonwoven mat made of polypropylene is designed as a lower protective layer for the seal on the Abtragsfläche 13. The actual seal then consists of two 1.5 to 3.0 mm thick plastic gaskets made of polyethylene or thermoplastic olefins, which are welded together like a pillow. In turn, a nonwoven mat is inserted between these plastic sealing strips, which is filled with a substance which swells strongly when damaged by water. This swelling agent automatically seals damaged areas. The pillows of the double seal can be checked for leaks after laying and welding between the individual pillows by means of a vacuum. This test vacuum can also be maintained throughout the construction period.

To protect against damage, a protective layer made of a protective fleece 20, preferably made of polypropylene, with a basis weight of 1,200 g / m ^{2 is first} laid on the plastic sealing strip 16. On the bottom of the tub 6, an approximately 10 cm thick layer of sand 21 is additionally installed and carefully leveled (FIGS. 3, 4).

To reduce the required for the production of the groundwater trough 6 Abtragsmengen is used as ballast slag from electric steel works, so-called electric furnace slag with a weight greater than 30 kN / m ³ . Electric furnace slag contains about 30 to 35% iron, is therefore very heavy, while hard and is suitable both as an aggregate for heavy concrete, as well as a substructure for roads or for the production of split for road construction. As a result of this composition, this material has a built-in density about 50% higher than comparable mineral material. By using this material can thus be saved to the same extent excavation.

According to the invention, this ballast in the region of the sole of the Groundwater trough 6 made of a foundation layer 22 of solid material, in particular of concrete with electric furnace slag as the sole additive and from poured ballast layers of electric furnace slag, and indeed at least one layer 23 in the region of the sole and inclined layers 24 in FIG Area of the slopes (Fig. 2).

To facilitate the manufacture and shortening of the construction period, the Foundation layer 22 can be constructed from prefabricated panels 22a. The Plates 22a are formed on the edges in the manner of a stepped rebate, so that Buoyancy forces, in particular during excavations for repair work, of the foundation layer 22 are absorbed uniformly. With that you can disadvantageous overstretching of the plastic sealing strip 16 can be avoided. As shown in Fig. 4, the plates 22b in the region of curvatures of Seal layer 14 have smaller dimensions to the curvature better able to adapt. The plates 22a and 22b may also be made Electric furnace slag to be cast directly.

On the basis of the individual plates 22a and 22b existing base 22 in Sohlbereich is then a layer 23 of graded electric furnace slag, which results in a low voids bulk, poured, distributed and compacted. In This layer 23 are also the for the derivation of the groundwater trough. 6 sinks 25 and pipelines 26 built-in.

Outside the carriageway surfaces 12 are on both sides from the height of the subgrade 27 supporting walls 28 made of concrete angle stones and / or geotextile reinforced Steep slopes with filler made of electric furnace slag 24. in the Area of the slopes, the surface of the protective layer 20 is appropriate so stated that the lowest possible coefficient of friction between the Plastic sealing strip 16 and the protective fleece 20 is present. So that can the largest possible proportion of the weight of the ballast bed 24 in the Slope be placed as ballast on the foundation layer 22.

The support walls 28 and / or steep slopes take out the horizontal forces Water pressure and the horizontal component of the ballast bed 24 on the Embankments on.

On the profile-fitted planum 27 of the ballast bed 23 from Electric furnace slag is in the road or road area, the usual driving or Walkway construction installed (Fig. 3). This consists in the area of the roadway 12 from the usual substructure 29, e.g. an antifreeze layer, and the Road surface 30, in the edge region of the road drainage 31 and a by curbs 32 separated pavement 33, the on a on Foundation resting retaining wall 28 connects.

To leach in the area not covered by road pavements of heavy metals from the electric furnace slag to be avoided expediently the open embankment surfaces of the ballast heaps 24th against seepage rainwater with a sealing layer 34 expedient made of geotextile clay liners, so-called bentonite mats, then covered with humus 35 and landscaped.

At the low points of the drainage depressions 36 to be produced on both sides Inlet shafts 25 are seconded to the surface water and to the Road drainage connected. Accumulating water is in one Pump shaft 37 (Fig. 2) and passed from there by means of a pump 38 and a Pressure line 39 in trenches or seepage above the Groundwater level 5 pumped. The training of the groundwater trough with lateral slopes above the sole gasket has the advantage that the Pumping shaft 37 and the pumping system 38 disposed within the tub so that for this pumping unit and the lines the seals do not need to be broken.

If the ground is not strong enough, the bridge can be built 18 for the transferred traffic route 2 to the sustainable building ground 40 Bored piles 41 or by soil consolidation, for example in Jet stream method produced soil columns 42 are produced. On this The abutment 19 are made in conventional construction. By this kind The execution can also for the time-consuming concrete construction on a Lowered groundwater.

The superstructure 18 for the traffic route 2 to be transferred can then be in be made of conventional construction.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show two further embodiments of the invention represented, in which the traffic route formed to be closed is.

As shown in FIG. 5, can be in an inventively designed and manufactured Groundwater trough 6 also a kind of tunnel structure 45 from a tunnel ceiling 46, two side walls 47 and at the foot laterally cantilevered foundation beams 48 to be built. A traffic route 12 can run in the tunnel tube. These However, the solution requires a solid foundation that does not settle tends to not overload the sealing layer 14.

Fig. 6 shows as an alternative, a passage 50 of so-called Corrugated steel plates. This passage 50 is also in accordance with the invention trained groundwater sump 6, which constructed as described and is made. Above the passage 50 bottom 49 is poured, the may be covered again by a sealing layer 51 to the in the Groundwater sink to reduce any incoming precipitation. About this Sealing layer 51 can be spread humus 52.

For the rest, these two representations correspond to those described above Execution of the groundwater sump 6 with a sealing layer 14 on which a Foundation layer 22 is arranged, in turn, a bed 23 and laterally subsequent beds 24 each comprising electric furnace slag.

Claims (14)

1. A trench construction bedded in the ground, with a trench base and sloping side walls, in particular for the underpassage of a carriageway, which is situated at least partly below the ground-water table, characterised by

   a sealing layer covering the surface of the excavated trench-like excavation,

   a ballast layer (22) of solid material disposed as a foundation in the base region of the trench (6) above the sealing layer (14),

   a ballast layer (23) disposed as filling above the solid ballast layer (22) as a bed for a roadway construction (12),

   wherein both the solid ballast layer (22) and the ballast layer (23) in the form of a filling contain electric furnace clinker or consist wholly or partly of electric furnace clinker.
2. A trench construction according to Claim 1, characterised by ballast layers (24) extending along the sloping side walls, which are also in the form of fillings and which contain electric furnace clinker or consist wholly or partly of electric furnace clinker.
3. A trench construction according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the sealing layer (14) comprises at least one lower clay sealing layer (15) and at least one upper synthetic material sealing layer (16).
4. A trench construction according to Claim 3, characterised in that a protective layer (20), for example a non-woven fabric, preferably consisting of polypropylene, is disposed above the synthetic material layer (16).
5. A trench construction according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the solid ballast layer (22) consists of a covering of slab-like elements (22a,22b).
6. A trench construction according to Claim 5, characterised in that the slab-like elements (22a,22b) are formed as a stepped rebate at the edges.
7. A trench construction according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the slab-like elements (22a,22b) consist of pre-cast concrete elements with admixtures of electric furnace clinker.
8. A trench construction according to Claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the slab-like elements (22a,22b) consist of cast electric furnace clinker.
9. A trench construction according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that an equalising layer of sand (21) is disposed between the solid ballast layer (22) and the sealing layer (14).
10. A trench construction according to any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that in the vicinity of the slopes the ballast layers (24) are supported slidably with respect to their bed.
11. A trench construction according to Claim 10, characterised in that the protective layers (20) have a smooth surface in the vicinity of the slopes.
12. A trench construction according to Claim 10, characterised in that respective layers of a non-cohesive material, for example sand, are disposed between the protective layers (20) and the ballast layers (23).
13. A trench construction according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the surfaces of the ground-water trench, which are not secured as roadways, in particular the ballast fillings, are covered by sealing layers (34).
14. A trench construction according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the means required for drainage, including the discharge of rainwater, are disposed within the trench construction.

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