RU77615U1 - CROSSING THE ROAD THROUGH WATERWATERS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of transport construction, carried out in various regions of the country, in difficult climatic conditions for the organization of traffic, a road is provided with a width of at least 10 m with bottom and side gentle slopes with a slope of no more than 1: 5, reinforced with Renault mattresses having the shape of a parallelepiped made of double torsion metal mesh, interconnected by ropes anchored to the base. For hardening the design through one meter there are diaphragms, which is especially effective when flowing at high speeds. The technical result consists in reducing material costs. They are more economical than rigid or semi-rigid structures, for a number of reasons, the most important of them are: - low operating costs; - the simplicity of structures that do not require skilled labor, the absence of wet processes, the speed of installation; - the presence of stones for filling mattresses in place from nearby quarries; - resistance to temperature extremes, ensuring durability, high adaptability to soil conditions, compliance with environmental protection. 3 s.p. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the field of transport construction and can find application at the intersection of small and periodically operating waterways by roads in road construction in all climatic regions of the Russian Federation at an ambient temperature of -50 ° C to + 50 ° C.

In construction practice, embankments with reinforced sloping parts and an artificial structure are used as road crossings through waterways.

The construction of such structures, especially in areas with high seismicity and with permafrost soils, is associated with high material consumption and significant amounts of work.

On small and periodically operating streams, it is desirable to refuse to cross them in bulk with a culvert, forming water backwater and flooding the terrain from the upland side, and replace such an intersection with the device of the carriageway at the bottom of the watercourse.

The closest to the invention in terms of technical nature and the achieved result are hydraulic channels with channels of a polygonal section with symmetrical slopes - two lateral ones with mortgages of at least 0.4-1.5 and two bottom ones with mortgages of at least 2.5-6.0.

However, it is impossible to use this technical solution as a road crossing over watercourses without powerful fastening and reliable lining of its cross section in the case when the route passes along a rocky base.

In addition, the rigid mount does not withstand the loads from the movement of road vehicles, and even more so the movement of heavy equipment without flexible expansion joints. And this, in turn, leads to a large increase in the cost of the construction of the passage through the watercourse (AS 2280124).

No less close technical solutions are tray-type structures - overflow trays (Transactions of LIIZhT, 1990, AB Solodovnikov).

The rhythmic construction of railways and roads requires uninterrupted delivery of goods, which eliminates the possibility of interruption in the movement of motor vehicles on construction roads. For the safety of ford cars, overflow trays were used, the strength of which depends on their strengthening from erosion, and the overflow depth is taken constructively.

The disadvantage of this design is the high material consumption and insufficient operational reliability, especially with seismicity.

The objective of the proposed design is to reduce the material consumption and labor costs for the construction of the structure while ensuring high

its adaptability to changing soil and temperature conditions, vibration and earthquake resistance, reduction of total costs by 30-60%, high speed of construction of the structure, while ensuring its required strength, stability, durability.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the passage of the road through the watercourse, consisting of an overflow structure with symmetrical gentle slopes - two lateral and two bottom slopes, bottom and side slopes for the organization of traffic are performed at least 10.0 m wide, and side gentle slopes with steepness no more than 1: 5, reinforced with parallelepiped mattresses filled with stone, made of double torsion metal mesh, which allows to withstand external loads without breaking, this also their location across the line of bottom and side slopes, interconnected by cables anchored to the base, as well as the presence of diaphragms after 1.0 m, used to strengthen the structure, facilitate installation and ease of operation, which is especially effective when flowing with high speeds.

To withstand any type of load, the base and covers of Renault mattresses are made of the same base material - wires with zinc or galvanized coatings, the edges of the panels of Renault mattresses are reinforced with wire of a larger diameter than the mesh wire with an breaking load of 3500 to 5000 kg, and when using Renault mattresses in a particularly corrosive environment, they can be made of wire with an additional coating of PVC with a thickness of at least 1.0 mm.

The given set of features in comparison with traditional designs provides a technical result, expressed in a reduction in material costs, they are more economical than rigid or semi-rigid designs, for a number of reasons. The most important of them are:

- low operating costs;

- simplicity of designs that do not require skilled labor, the complete absence of wet processes, installation speed;

- the presence of stones for filling mattresses in place from nearby quarries;

- minimum amount of work to prepare the foundation of the structure - simple surface leveling is necessary;

- no costs are required for the installation of drainage systems, because mattresses are permeable;

- mattress structures absorb possible soil sediments without destroying the structure itself, this quality is especially important in conditions of unstable soils;

- resistance to significant temperature changes;

- ensuring a sufficiently high durability, vibration and earthquake resistance, high adaptability to changing soil conditions, compliance with environmental protection.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a cross section of the transition through the watercourse;

figure 2 shows Renault mattresses;

figure 3 is given the fastening of mattresses Renault with each other with a cable and its anchoring.

The road crossing through watercourse 1 includes: overflow structure 2, with symmetrical gentle slopes 3, reinforced with Renault 4 mattresses, laid on a compacted soil bed of bottom and side slopes, made of double torsion metal mesh 5, interconnected by ropes 6, anchored 7 to the base, Renault mattresses have 8 diaphragms through 1.0 m to strengthen the structure, which is especially effective when flowing at high speeds, cover 9 as well as mattresses are made of the same base material - wire with zinc or g Alfan coating, the edges of the panels of Renault mattresses are reinforced with wire 10 of a larger diameter.

The construction of the road crossing through the watercourse is as follows:

the construction site is carefully inspected and prepared, a geodetic breakdown of the site is made under the road through watercourse 1 using geodetic tools and the appropriate alignment marks are made with careful observance of the design axes and building marks, then the vegetation cover is removed and the preparatory layer 12 is drained from the draining soil, both on gentle 3 and on the bottom slopes 2 roads, the soil on gentle slopes is laid horizontal or weak inclined layers with a thickness of at least 150-200 mm with a slope of no more than 0.005 towards the water drainage, random enumeration on slopes 3 should be planned without backfilling with a smooth transition to the design profile, at the same time, bottom slopes 2 are developed with a shortage without breaking the structure soil in the base from the bottom side, removing flowing water to places with low marks, the poured preparatory layer 12 is leveled by the planner over the entire surface of the bottom 2 and side slopes 3 to a width of the carriageway of at least 10.0 m and at least 2.0 m to each side of the edge of the road along the entire width of road 1, taking into account the two-way traffic on it of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of up to 12.0 tons.

Considering the load intensity, the carrying capacity of dump trucks, the presence of slopes on the road 1, advanced types of coatings are selected, such as Renault mattresses, which help stabilize soils subject to various erosion processes, they absorb possible soil sediments without destroying slopes 3, which is especially important in conditions of unstable slopes soil, with the exception of erosion. Given that Renault mattresses are 4 factory-made, they are delivered to the construction site in the form of packages from reamers. Such packages take up little space during transportation and are convenient for loading and unloading.

At the construction site 1, the mattress scan unfolds, then all panels 10 are bent and formed into a box of the parallelepiped type (see figure 2).

An empty assembled Renault mattress is transferred to the construction site and is tied to the previous mattress already installed, after all Renault mattresses are installed along the slope to the width of the road, they are filled with stone (or rocky soil) using road equipment - a bucket excavator or a loader to the full height of the rib mattress (see Fig. 1).

The stone material 13 can be rolled up (river stone), or torn (quarry), or gravel-crushed stone mixture, the size is slightly larger than the size of the mesh cell of the mattress, at the end of filling the mattress structures 4 are closed with lids that are tied (see figure 2 ), the linking of the mattress structures 4 is carried out by cables 6, anchored to the base 7 (see figure 3). After filling Renault mattresses with bulk material, they are closed by a cover 9, which is made of a mesh having the same dimensions as the base mesh, or of a mesh in rolls (see figure 2).

Linking is carried out both manually and using special tools. The laid Renault 4 mattresses are covered with local rocky soil over the entire coating area at a time for the entire layer thickness of 200-250 mm, then preliminary planning of the filling surface with a bulldozer is made by transverse and longitudinal passages, starting from the ends of the road with a gradual movement to the middle with overlapping of the previous track 500 -800 mm.

The compaction of the ground is carried out first with a light roller and finally with an average roller along the entire width of the road with alignment of the surfing section.

The final leveling of the leveling layer is performed by the grader in two passes along one track across the entire width of the road.

The effectiveness of the use of Renault mattresses over the years of their operation does not decrease, but increases, since over time, soil sediment is compacted into voids and vegetation begins to grow.

Claims (3)

1. Road crossing through a watercourse, consisting of an overflow structure with symmetrical gentle slopes - two lateral and two bottom slopes, characterized in that the bottom slopes for the organization of traffic, made at least 10 m wide, and the gentle slopes with a slope of not more than 1 : 5 reinforced with parallelepiped mattresses filled with stone and made of double torsion metal mesh, which are located across the line of bottom and side slopes, interconnected by ropes anchored to base, and diaphragms. 2. The passage of the road through the watercourse according to claim 1, characterized in that the base and covers of the Renault mattresses are made of the same base material - wire with zinc or galvanized coating, the edges of the panels of Renault mattresses are reinforced with a wire of a larger diameter than the wire mesh. 3. The passage of the road through the watercourse according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that when using Renault mattresses in a particularly corrosive environment, they can be made of wire with an additional PVC coating of at least 1.0 mm thickness.