EP1063337A2 - Method and device for the continuous heat treatment of a textile fabric, particularly for fixing of dyestuffs - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a transport device guiding textile fabric (1) horizontally through treatment chambers (12), and a steam-proof housing (10) enclosing all chambers. Each chamber is provided with a fan (14) and nozzle boxes (15) that are arranged above and below the textile fabric. Conveyor belt of the transport device is designed as filter belt, where the extent of opening of the filter belt amount to 50 to 90 percent.

Description

The invention relates to a method for the continuous heat treatment of a textile Goods web, in particular for color fixing, according to the preamble of claim 1 and one corresponding device according to the preamble of claim 8.

When dyeing, it is necessary to add the dye applied to the textile web fix. The fixation can be done by lingering on the web of paint Room temperature or the damp or dried web at higher temperatures respectively. The fixing treatment depends on the material of the material web and the one applied Dye dependent.

When dyeing chemical fibers with disperse dyes it is e.g. known that with liquor to dry the loaded web first and then the dye at higher Fix temperature on the web.

DE-A 16 35 140 describes a process for the continuous color fixation of man-made fibers in webs by high temperature treatment with convective heat transfer, for example on nozzle-ventilated fixation frames. To even out the Fixing effect is first a rapid heating and then a dwell treatment carried out. During rapid heating, the web is stretched in tension chains and guided over normal guide rollers during the dwell treatment.

When dyeing cotton or cellulose with reactive dyes it is e.g. known with Color liquor loaded to dry web first and then the dye higher temperature to react with the fibers of the web. To do this Tools such as urea, which are added to the paint fleet, are required. Hold the tools the dye when drying in solution and evaporate when fixed. As a treatment gas heated air is used. The use of aggressive aids, such as urea, can be used in a Treatment of the material web loaded with the dye liquor with a steam-air mixture be reduced or avoided.

From EP-A 0 864 683 it is known a product strand made of cellulosic circular or Round knitted fabric with an aqueous liquor of a fiber-reactive dye at one temperature from 20 to 25 ° C to impregnate, squeeze and without intermediate drying in one unsaturated water vapor-air mixture, with 10 to 80 vol .-% water vapor, one temperature from 100 to 160 ° C and at an established wet temperature of the moist goods between 50 and 95 ° C. The goods are carried at a speed that is above the measured residual moisture of the goods is regulated after leaving the fixing device. The Residual moisture is 10 to 25% by weight based on the weight of the goods.

WO 97/14 839 describes a generic method and a device for Color fixation during reactive dyeing of cellulose ware, with which an optimal color yield without aggressive amounts of aids can be achieved. In a foulard, liquor is applied to the Goods brought, which is then led into a chamber of an air dryer. In this Chamber will maintain a steam content of the order of 25% by volume of the air and ensured that the goods were still ready for reaction at the exit of the chamber Has residual moisture. Two control loops are used, one for the steam content and one for the residual moisture of the web is used, i.e. there are complex measuring and Control devices required. Due to the length of stay, this fixing procedure is required of the order of 2 minutes in a continuous process with one Web speed of e.g. 40m / min, a content of goods in the dwelling unit, here one Hotflue, of at least 80 m. It is therefore for smaller amounts to be colored (smaller amounts) not economical to use.

The object of the invention is to provide a process for continuous heat treatment, in particular for color fixing, in which the treatment gas contains superheated steam, according to the Preamble of claim 1, which can be used economically for smaller yields, and one to develop corresponding device according to the preamble of claim 8. In particular, the heat treatment should be carried out more effectively and therefore faster.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 8.

In a method according to the invention for the continuous heat treatment of a textile Material web is the wet web of paint loaded with ink by at least one Treatment chamber transported and in the treatment chambers with a treatment gas, which consists essentially of superheated steam. It is in Treatment gas a steam content of at least 80 vol .-%, preferably of 95 to 100 vol%, i.e. almost pure superheated steam, set. The temperature of the superheated steam is 105 to 230 ° C. The superheated steam is added in the form of superheated steam about atmospheric pressure used.

With a higher steam content, higher temperatures of the material web are at the Heat treatment achievable; in particular with pure superheated steam, the web temperature increases up to about 100 ° C. The higher web temperature accelerates the Reaction of the dye with the fibers when fixing reactive dye to cotton or Cellulose. This leads to shorter fixation times, correspondingly shorter residence times in one Treatment device and thus enables smaller devices.

The high vapor content of the treatment gas accelerates due to the Condensability of the superheated steam the heating time, which leads to a further reduction the required dwell time.

Surprisingly, the treatment method according to the invention leads despite the high Steam content and the high product temperature, and thus the increased drying good fixation results, i.e. to a good color yield and a good color quality that the State of the art results.

The drying of the wet web during the treatment with superheated steam has proven to be essential for complete fixation with short fixation times. this will by accelerating the fixing process, for example the reaction of the Reactive dye with native fibers, such as cotton and cellulose, by drying explained.

The input moisture of the web loaded with the dye liquor when dyeing is native fibers with reactive dye 40 to 80%.

The use of urea can be dispensed with for most reactive dyes.

The temperature of the superheated steam can preferably be 160 to 230 ° C according to claim 2 be. The higher the temperature of the treatment gas and thus the higher the The difference in temperature between the treatment gas and the web, the greater the Heat transfer and the faster the heating-up time of the material web and the drying of the Goods web.

The dwell time of the web in the device can be according to claim 3 5 to 60 seconds, preferably 10 to 30 seconds. This is enough time complete fixation with good color yield and allows a device smaller Size.

Surprisingly, it was found that the process according to the invention is optimal Fixing results also with a residual moisture of the web less than or equal to Equilibrium moisture under normal conditions according to claim 4, i.e. at about 10% Moisture based on the weight of the web of cellulose and about 8% moisture in cotton. This is through the already mentioned accelerating effect of drying for color fixing explained. A regulation of Residual moisture in the web in the device is not necessary.

In principle, all processes in which the material web is brought into contact with superheated steam are is suitable for use in a method according to the invention.

In addition to these methods, the material web could be guided through a steam-filled one Chamber in the form of hanging loops and a meandering guidance of the web around two rows of guide and conveyor rollers belong, insofar as they are used to transport a moist, colored and unfixed web is suitable.

To improve the heat transfer from superheated steam to the web and thus the Reduction of the residence time can the web according to claim 5 with the air circulation process guided superheated steam are brought into contact via nozzles directed onto the web. This is possible without color gradients in the method according to the invention, because of the high steam content and possibly the high steam temperature a quick drying of the Material web and thus the dye takes place.

Devices with a meandering guidance of the material web around two rows of rollers and nozzles directed towards the web are known to the applicant as a hot flue. The However, known devices, like that of WO 97/148 39, have a very high level Goods content and are, e.g. due to leaks, not for operation with superheated steam suitable.

A further improvement in heat transfer can be achieved if the web is transported according to claim 6 substantially flat through the treatment chamber and above and possibly below the product line arranged nozzle boxes with superheated steam in Is brought into contact.

Devices in which the web of goods is just transported through and via nozzle boxes Treatment gas is brought into contact, namely nozzle-ventilated fixing clamping frames are used Rapid heating when fixing the color of chemical fibers, i.e. thermosolating, from DE-A 16 35 140 known.

Devices of this type, which are suitable as a treatment gas for hot steam, are in DE 35 11 950, namely a floating dryer and a stenter dryer.

If the material web is guided in a floating dryer, the risk is Formation of wavy sections of the web that lead to color gradients when fixed can, great. Tension chains have the disadvantage when fixing colors that they have edge markings cause.

Another generic device, namely one that can be used for hot steam treatment Tenter frame dryer is known from DE 195 A 46 344. Inlet slot and outlet slot this dryer are installed in the bottom of its housing. The web will be up to on the infeed area and the outfeed area, horizontally, through the dryer guided.

The material web is preferably used in the method according to the invention by means of a roller conveyor arranged at a distance from a front wall of the housing under a longitudinal tension, in particular from 10 to 100 N / m, through the Treatment chambers transported. The distance to the front wall is at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, the length of the horizontal transport path of the web through the treatment chambers. The web is only through the roller conveyor performed when it and thus the dye has already dried. While drying and also during the entire fixing process, the web is through Longitudinal tension smoothed out, which is an even fixation and thus an even Color yield guaranteed. A guide of the material web through a roller conveyor is above it a simple transport procedure, e.g. compared to a tension chain guide, enables easier entrances and exits to the treatment chamber.

A device for the continuous heat treatment of a textile web according to Claim 8, in particular for color fixing, according to one of claims 1 to 7, with a vapor-tight housing, with at least one treatment chamber with a circulating air device, i.e. a device for guiding hot steam in a forced air process, with a Recirculation fan and nozzle boxes arranged above and below the web each treatment chamber, with a transport device for essentially flat guidance the web through the housing has according to claim 8 as an essential part of Transport device at least one at a distance from a front wall of the housing arranged roller gear on. The distance to the front wall is at least 20%, preferably at least 30%, the length of the horizontal transport path of the web through the treatment chambers.

A roller train can have two rollers offset from one another, one relative to the another, adjustable to generate a longitudinal tension.

A roller mill can also have two bars that guide the web in its transport plane or rollers and one between the two bars or rollers above or below the Transport roller arranged, adjustable vertically to the transport roller exhibit. In this case, the web is in the form of a loop around the draw roller led around and by deflecting the pull roller perpendicular to the transport plane and the Longitudinal tension maintained. A device according to claim 8 is particularly suitable for implementation a method according to claim 7 suitable.

In a device according to the invention with at least two arranged one behind the other Treatment chambers is the roller mill according to claim 9 each in the area in which the abut both treatment chambers, arranged, d. H. the distance to Front wall is about 50% of the length of the horizontal transport path of the web through the treatment chambers. The treatment chambers are also fields and the Areas between the treatment chambers called field surges.

According to claim 10, the roller train has two guide rollers and one vertically adjustable Pull roller on, the guide rollers close behind each other and the pull roller in the middle below the guide rollers are arranged. This arrangement of the guide rolls and draw rolls enables a narrow butt area of the treatment chamber, i.e. the area or areas in where no nozzle boxes are arranged can be kept small.

A pull roller, which is also designed as an alignment roller according to claim 11, spared additional means for aligning the web.

According to claim 12, the device according to the invention in front of and behind the housing one lock each. The locks extend from the floor to over the Transport level of the web and point near the ground and at the level of the transport level Deflection rollers on. The locks are divided into a lower, downward-facing antechamber and one further main chamber arranged above. Suction channels can be attached to the antechambers or suction boxes are connected. In comparison to those known from DE-A 195 46 344 Inlet and outlet slots with suction boxes are provided by the separate locks Antechamber and suction devices prevent the ingress of air and thus condensation of Prevents steam to water more safely. A lock known from DE 198 58 839, in the before the inlet slot of the housing steam is blown onto the web, is to Fixing dye less suitable due to the risk of color gradients.

The invention is further illustrated by an example shown schematically in the drawing explained. Figure 1 shows a system for dyeing with an inventive device for Color fixation. In Figure 2 is an entrance lock, a first treatment chamber and a Rolling device shown.

A system for dyeing a textile web 1, e.g. made of cotton or cellulose Reactive dye, has a goods store 2 arranged one behind the other in the transport direction, a feed device 3, a coloring device 4, an air passage 5, a device for Color fixation 6, a further feed device 7 and a further goods store 8. In In this example, the front goods store 2 as a container, the dyeing device 4 as Foulard, the rear goods store 8 as a winding roller and the feed devices 3, 7 as Gallows trained. The device for color fixing 6 has an entrance lock 9, vapor-tight, heat-insulated housing 10 and an exit lock 11. The housing 10 comprises at least one, preferably two to five, here two, modular treatment chambers 12, 13 are lined up through the treatment chambers 12, 13 divided the interior of the housing 10 into two fields arranged one behind the other. The Housing 10 is not subdivided and includes all treatment chambers 12, 13.

In each of the treatment chambers 12, 13 there is a circulating air device, i.e. a device for Conduction of superheated steam in a cycle, also called recirculation, with one Recirculation fan 14, a heating device (not shown in FIG. 2) and with nozzle boxes 15 arranged with nozzle openings aimed at the web 1. In a treatment room 12, 13 can be several, e.g. two each above and below the web 1 transversely Nozzle boxes 15 extending over the web 1 can be arranged. The nozzle openings are preferably designed as slots.

A transport device has guide rollers 16, 17 in the entrance lock 9 and guide rollers 18, 19, 20 in and behind the exit lock 11 in the area, in which the two treatment chambers 12, 13 abut one another with two rollers Guide rollers 21, 22 and a pull roller 23. The roller gear is thus on half of the Transport path of the web 1 from the inlet slot 27 in the front wall 26 to Auslaut slot 29 arranged in the rear wall 28. The two guide rollers 21, 22 the same size and closely arranged at a height. The arrangement of the guide rollers 21, 22, the last guide roller 17 of the entrance lock 9 and the first guide roller 18 the exit lock 11 is such that the transport level of the web 1 in the Treatment chambers 12, 13 is flat and horizontal.

The pull roller 23 is arranged in the middle, below the guide rollers 21, 22 adjustable in height. It is also used as an alignment roller, i.e. in a plane passing through its axis parallel to Transport level adjustable, designed. The height adjustability of the pull roller 23 is due to the Arrows 24 and the alignability indicated by the arrows 25. The pull roller 23 is also connected to a drive, not shown.

The housing 10 has a front wall 26 of the first treatment chamber 12 Inlet slot 27 and one on a rear wall 28 of the last treatment chamber 13 Outlet slot 29 through which the web 1 in the housing 10 or out of it is brought out.

The entrance lock 9 has a parallel to the front wall 26, which is nearby a lower edge 30 to a front plate 31 extending above the inlet slot 27 Cover plate 32 and two side plates, not shown. The sheets 31, 32 of Entrance lock 9 are connected to each other and to the front wall 26 in a vapor-tight manner. The Entrance gate 9 is through intermediate plates 33, 34, which are from the front plate 31 and from the Front wall 26 extend into the entrance lock 9 and a gap 35 between them Leave free for the web 1, in an upper main chamber 36 and one below prechamber 37 divided. The antechamber 37 is open at the bottom. At the pre-chamber 37 is one Suction device, in this example a connected to a fan, not shown Suction channel 38 connected. If necessary, as in this example, Suction boxes 39, to which the suction channel 38 is connected, in the antechamber 37. The first Guide roller 16 of the transport device is located below the pre-chamber 37 and the second, i.e. last guide roller 17 before the inlet slot 27.

The output lock 11 is constructed analogously to the input lock 9. The first and second Guide roller 18, 19 are analogous to those of the entrance lock 9 and the third Guide roller 20 arranged behind the second behind the exit lock 11.

For dyeing, the web 1 is removed from the store 2 via the gallows Feeding device 3 and boarded by the dyeing device 4 and the air passage 5 of the device 6 for color fixing supplied.

The web 1 is for this purpose around the guide roller 16 of the transport device from below in the pre-chamber 37 of the entrance lock 9 through the pre-chamber 37 and through the gap 35 in the main chamber 36 and around the guide roller 17 through the inlet slot 27 into the first Treatment chamber 12 of the device 6 transported. The transport of the web 1 through the treatment chambers 12, 13 take place through the between the first and second Treatment chamber 12, 13 arranged roller mill in a horizontal plane and below a longitudinal tension of 10 to 100 N / m. In the roller mill, the web 1 meandering, one behind the other and around the guide roller 21, the driven draw roller 23 and the Guide roller 22 led around. The desired longitudinal tension is achieved by adjusting the height Pull roller 23 set. Any shifts in the web 1 that may occur by adjusting the pull roller 23, namely by angularly adjusting the axis of the Draw roller 23 parallel to the transport plane, balanced. The web 1 leaves the device 6, through the exit slot 29 and Exit lock 11. It is via a feed device 7 designed as a gallows Rolling roller trained goods store 8 fed. The web speed is e.g. 40 m / min.

In the dyeing device 4, the web 1 is loaded with a dye liquor. in the Air passage 5 takes place an equalization of the dye liquor on the web 1.

The moist web 1, while it is transported down to the roller conveyor through the treatment chamber 12, 13 of the device 6, is subjected to superheated steam via the nozzle boxes 15 arranged above and below the web 1 with nozzle openings directed onto the web 1. The nozzle pressure is 200 to 1000 PA and the heat transfer capacity is approximately 240 W / m ² .

The temperature of the superheated steam is 160 to 230 ° C and the dwell time of the web 1 in the treatment chambers 12, 13 5 to 60 seconds, preferably 10 to 30 seconds. The Residual moisture of the web 1 when leaving the housing 10 is approximately or less than the equilibrium moisture under normal conditions, i.e. less than or equal to 10%. In the Treatment chambers 12, 13 and in the main chambers 36 of the entrance and Exit lock 9, 11 a slight positive pressure is maintained. The steam content, preferably between 95 and 100 vol .-%, is suctioned off by changing the amount Treatment gas via the suction channels 38 of the antechambers 37 of the entrance and Exit locks 9, 11 maintained. A regulation of a certain residual moisture Material web is not necessary.

Example:

A web 1 of cotton (BG) with a fabric weight of 80 g / m ² loaded with dye liquor of a reactive dye without urea is transported through the device 6 at a web speed of 40 m / min. The temperature of the pure superheated steam is 180 ° C. The nozzle pressure at the nozzle openings of the nozzle boxes 15 is 700 PA. After a dwell time of 5 seconds, the predominant part of the dye has reacted with the fibers of the web 1 and is fixed. After a further 5 seconds, the web 1 is completely dry and the remaining part of the dye is fixed. The input moisture of approximately 80% is reduced in the device 6 to a value less than 10%. The total dwell time of the web 1 in the device 6 is 10 seconds.

Reference list

1

Goods web

2nd

Goods store

3rd

Feeding device

4th

Dyeing device

5

Air passage

6

contraption

7

Feeding device

8th

Goods store

9

Entrance lock

10th

casing

11

Exit gate

12th

Treatment chamber

13

Treatment chamber

14

Air circulation fan

15

Nozzle box

16

Guide roller

17th

Guide roller

18th

Guide roller

19th

Guide roller

20th

Guide roller

21

Guide roller

22

Guide roller

23

Pull roller

24th

Arrows

25th

Arrows

26

Front wall

27

Inlet slot

28

Back wall

29

Outlet slot

30th

lower case edge

31

Front panel

32

Ceiling panel

33

Intermediate plate

34

Intermediate plate

35

gap

36

Main chamber

37

Antechamber

38

Suction channel

39

Suction boxes

Claims (12)

Process for the continuous heat treatment of a textile web, in particular for fixing the color in which the damp web of material loaded with the paint liquor passes through at least one treatment chamber is transported and in the treatment chambers is brought into contact with a treatment gas containing superheated steam, thereby characterized in that the treatment gas consists essentially of superheated steam. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the Superheated steam is 160 to 230 ° C. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the residence time of the Material web (1) in the treatment chambers (12, 13) 5 to 60 seconds, in particular Is 10 to 30 seconds. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the web (1) to a residual moisture that is less than or equal to the equilibrium moisture Normal conditions is, is dried. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the web (1) with superheated steam guided in the air recirculation process and directed onto the product web (1) Nozzles is brought into contact. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the web (1) in is essentially transported through the treatment chamber (12, 13) and over Nozzle boxes (15) with superheated steam arranged above and below the web (1) is brought into contact. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the web (1) by means of a at a distance from a front wall (26) of the housing (10) arranged roller gear is transported under longitudinal tension through the treatment chambers 12, 13. Device for the continuous heat treatment of a textile web, in particular for color fixing, with a vapor-tight housing with at least one treatment chamber with at least one circulating air device with at least one circulating air fan and nozzle boxes arranged above and below the web, with a Transport device for essentially flat guidance of the material web through the Housing, characterized in that the transport device with at least one Has a distance to a front wall (26) of the housing (10) arranged roller gear. Apparatus according to claim 8, with at least two treatment chambers, thereby characterized in that the roller path in the area in which the treatment chambers (12, 13) abut, is arranged. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the roller train two Guide rollers (21, 22) and a pull roller (23), the guide rollers (21, 22) tight one behind the other and the pull roller (23) in the middle below the guide rollers (21, 22) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the pull roller (23) simultaneously is designed as an alignment roller. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that before and behind the housing (10) an entrance gate (9) and an exit gate (11) are arranged, the entrance and exit lock (9, 11) from ground level to over extend a transport plane of the web (1) and open at the bottom near the bottom, have antechambers connected to suction devices (37).

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