EP1050966A2 - Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern eines Aktuators - Google Patents
Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern eines Aktuators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1050966A2 EP1050966A2 EP00200849A EP00200849A EP1050966A2 EP 1050966 A2 EP1050966 A2 EP 1050966A2 EP 00200849 A EP00200849 A EP 00200849A EP 00200849 A EP00200849 A EP 00200849A EP 1050966 A2 EP1050966 A2 EP 1050966A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuator
- current control
- current
- circuit arrangement
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for controlling an actuator.
- Actuators especially those in single-strand design with permanent magnets, are preferably suitable for actuating mechanical actuating devices by means of electrical ones Currents.
- One of their advantages is that they are clear, preferably also in essential linear characteristic between the current supplied to them and that of to have torque or force generated by them. In particular this characteristic has no hysteresis.
- a driver circuit for a solenoid is known, as it is preferably used in electrical relays.
- the one described in this patent Circuit feeds the solenoid with an initial activation current for a predetermined period of time and then with a lower holding current.
- a switching device pulses the current supplied to the solenoid an upper and a lower limit to the amplitudes of the activation current and to maintain the holding current.
- the pulses are generated by the inductance of the Cylinder coil integrated into an essentially stable current.
- a processor unit determines the amplitudes of the current in the solenoid.
- a signal that wanted Representing current amplitudes is compared with a signal that the current in represents the solenoid, and a representing the difference of these currents Signal is used to control the switching device.
- a tension that overwhelms you Resistance drops which is arranged in series with the solenoid, becomes a differential amplifier fed, the output of which is connected to a peak value detector, which simulates the decay rate of the current in the solenoid, the signal which represents the measured current in the solenoid, from the peak detector is obtained.
- the power loss through the solenoid driver circuit is low, and the driver circuit is also short-circuit proof.
- the output signal from the peak detector is used by the processor unit for the detection and logging of Errors monitored.
- a semiconductor circuit for controlling an electric motor in connection with a semiconductor path controller and a vehicle sensor circuit which together comprise the following elements: a position sensor for a path controller working according to the Hall effect, an amplifier circuit for the path controller position -signal, a reverse drive circuit, a vehicle lock circuit, a pulse width modulator circuit, an inverting MOSFET driver circuit, a plurality of power MOSFET circuits, a voltage control circuit and a power supply circuit, which is connected to an external DC motor.
- the listed circuit elements work together in such a way that a mechanical path controller position is converted into a voltage level signal, which can be converted into a pulse signal by a pulse width modulation circuit.
- This pulse signal drives a switch bank of MOSFET semiconductor switches in order to control the current flow through a DC motor.
- the circuit arrangement separates the DC voltage source from the power-consuming elements of the circuit and transmits the operating parameters of the vehicle, such as, for example, driving forward or backward Operation on / off "from the vehicle to the power control circuit.
- the power output is thus a DC motor of a vehicle with an electric drive from a control and Power electronics controlled depending on driver request.
- the driver request is included determined from the position of the speed controller with the aid of a Hall sensor. Operation of a Actuators are not considered in this technical teaching.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention is very simple, since it is only one comprises only current control element, which preferably with a semiconductor switch, for example a field effect transistor can be constructed.
- the freewheel element preferably formed as a diode which is polarized in the reverse direction with respect to the source cannot be controlled separately.
- a particularly simple control circuit can also be used to control the current to control according to the desired current in the control path.
- the actuator only has a predetermined voltage Polarity can be supplied.
- This simple construction also requires one high reliability in operation. In addition, there are only minimal losses in performance. This saves energy and the thermal load on the circuit arrangement kept low.
- the circuit arrangement contains a second one Control path, the one with its end connections connected to the poles of the source Series connection from a second current control element that can be controlled to supply energy to the actuator and a second freewheel element, the second connection of the Actuator with a second connection point between the second current control element and connected to the second freewheel element and via the second current control element coupled to the first pole of the source and also the second connection point is connected to the second pole of the source via the second freewheel element.
- This configuration makes the circuit arrangement according to the invention for control of an actuator extended to an asymmetrical bridge circuit, in which one of the the source connected control paths in parallel with its current control element Bridge branch and with its freewheel element forms another bridge branch. It this creates a complete bridge, but only two current control elements to be controlled includes and thus also - compared to a symmetrical full bridge with four current control elements - shows a simplified structure. Even with this asymmetrical Bridge can thus be a simplified control circuit for controlling the current control elements are used. There is thus also a reduced number of Components and thus increased reliability. Compared to the mentioned Full bridge power losses are also reduced, so that even here an energy saving and less temperature stress occurs.
- the reduced temperature load on the one hand also manifests itself in an increased reliability of the circuit arrangement, on the other hand, however, also enables further savings in heat dissipation serving construction elements.
- the so-called unipolar circuit arrangement an improved one for the asymmetrical bridge Dynamics and thus an increased reversing speed can be achieved with that a complete, symmetrical bridge with four current control elements is.
- Both control paths are preferred in the embodiment of the invention Current control elements in these two control paths for operating the actuator simultaneously controlled. In its conductive state, the current then flows from the source through the Actuator by both current control elements at the same time. Become the power controls blocked, the current still flowing in the actuator is only via the freewheel elements headed.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention comprises a Control circuit for controlling the current control element or the current control elements after Provided a command signal.
- a value of one is preferred by this command signal force to be applied by the actuator or a torque to be applied to the Control circuit directed.
- an or derived two signals for controlling the current control elements can be a special one Embodiment of the invention done by pulse width modulation, the Degree of modularity can be predetermined by the command signal.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention can advantageously be used in actuating systems for actuating an actuating device in an internal combustion engine.
- Throttle valves or fuel metering valves are to be mentioned in particular as such adjusting devices in internal combustion engines, also as Choke "or
- Such actuating systems can preferably comprise a combination of an actuator and a resetting device counteracting it.
- Such a resetting device is preferably designed to be fail-safe and passive. For this purpose, resetting forces can be generated by mechanical or in particular magnetic means.
- the actuator is controlled by the circuit arrangement according to the invention .
- circuit arrangement according to the invention is also for configuration other control means within and outside the technical field of automotive engineering suitable.
- the actuator In an actuating system of the type described above, the actuator is only used to generate a force or a torque in one direction, which is usually referred to as the term Open "can be described.
- the reset device will apply an oppositely directed force or torque in a direction that is usually called"
- the actuator must be able to bring the actuating device to be actuated into a predetermined position with high precision against the force or the torque of the resetting device. This position must also be precise in the event of the occurrence of various types of interference forces This is achieved by the circuit arrangement according to the invention for controlling such an actuator.
- reference number 1 is a source referred to, which essentially outputs a DC voltage U0.
- a first control path is connected, which is a series circuit comprising a first current control element and a first freewheel element.
- the first current control contains a parallel connection of a first switch element 4 and one in Blocking direction with respect to the direct voltage U0 polarized first protection diode 5.
- Ein Actuator 7 is connected to a first connection point 9 with a first connection 8, in which in the first control path 4, 5, 6 the first current control element 4, 5 on the one hand and the first freewheel element 6 are connected on the other hand.
- a second Connection 10 of the actuator 7 is coupled to the second pole 3 of the source 1, wherein in the embodiment of FIG. 1, this coupling in an immediate, galvanic Connection exists.
- the actuator 7 is shown in FIG. 1a) by its equivalent circuit diagram, which comprises an ohmic resistor Ra, an inductance La and a voltage source in series connection.
- the inductance La and the ohmic resistance Ra form the internal impedance of the actuator 7.
- the voltage source represents the voltage Ui induced by the actuator 7.
- an actuator current Ia flows .
- 1b) shows the current path for the actuator current when the first switch element 4 is conducting, that is to say when the first current control element 4, 5 is switched on. From the source 1, the direct voltage U0 turns the current Ia via the first switch element 4 to the actuator 7 at its connections 8, 10 fed. Assuming an ideal switch element 4, the DC voltage U0 of the source 1 is then present at the actuator 7, ie at the connections 8, 10, ie the actuator voltage Ua corresponds to the DC voltage U0.
- the actuator current Ia decays only gradually according to the inductance La. Since that first switch element 4 opened, i.e. is not conductive, the current Ia flows between the Connections 8 and 10 now via the first freewheel element 6, i.e. about the one forming this Diode. If an ideal element is also assumed here, it is in this state for so long the first freewheel element 6 conducts the actuator voltage Ua equal to zero. So that will the decay time constant for the actuator current Ia only by the elements of the Actuator 7 determines, i.e. except through the inductance La or through the ohmic Resistance Ra and voltage Ui.
- Fig. 2a shows a circuit arrangement which is significantly simplified compared to such a complete bridge, but without losing its favorable properties.
- the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1 a) is supplemented by a second control path, which comprises a series circuit comprising a second current control element and a second freewheel element 13.
- the second current control element is designed in accordance with the first current control element with a parallel connection of a second switch element 11 and a second protective diode 12.
- the second switch element 11 can in turn be controlled to supply energy to the actuator.
- the two switch elements 4, 11 of the two current control elements 4, 5 and 11, 12 are preferably controlled simultaneously, that is to say they are simultaneously either in the conductive or in the blocked state.
- the first connection 8 of the actuator 7 is again connected to the first connection point 9 between the first current control element 4, 5 and the first freewheel element 6.
- the second connection 10 of the actuator 7 is now coupled to the second pole of the source 1 in such a way via the second control path 11, 12, 13 that this second connection 10 is connected to a second connection point 14 , in which the second current control element 11, 12 and the second freewheel element 13 are connected to one another in the second control path.
- the second control path 11, 12, 13 is also connected to the poles 2, 3 of the source 1 parallel to the first control path 4, 5, 6-.
- FIGS. 2b) and 2c The mode of operation of the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 2a) is shown in FIGS. 2b) and 2c).
- the actuator current Ia is now not short-circuited at the connections 8, 10 of the actuator 7 via the first freewheel element 6, but continues via the source via both freewheel elements 6, 13 1 performed, but in the opposite direction.
- This results in an actuator voltage Ua in this operating state which corresponds to the negative value of the direct voltage U0 of the source 1.
- This actuator voltage Ua which acts as a counter-voltage, achieves a significantly accelerated decay of the actuator current Ia compared to the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1.
- a comparison with the operating state according to FIG. 2b) shows that the increase in the actuator current Ia when the switch elements 4, 11 transition from their blocked to their conductive state corresponds at least largely with the decay of the actuator current Ia when the switch elements 4, 11 are blocked.
- the decay of the actuator current Ia in the asymmetrical bridge according to FIG. 2 is accelerated considerably compared to the unipolar arrangement according to FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 A schematic graphic representation can be found in FIG. 3 in the form of the dashed line Curve Ia2. With such a current profile over time t are essential faster control processes possible.
- the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 1 still only a positive actuator current Ia possible, because after the actuator current has decayed Ia in Fig. 2c) to zero lock the freewheeling elements designed as diodes 6, 13, and the actuator 7 remains until the switch elements 4 are switched on again, 11 de-energized.
- Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of an actuating system for actuating an actuating device in one Internal combustion engine, preferably in a motor vehicle.
- a command body 15 a command signal is passed to a control circuit 17 via a connection 16.
- the Control circuit 17 is used to control the actuator current Ia and thus that of the actuator 7 generated torque or the generated force in accordance with the command signal.
- the control circuit controls the current control elements in the circuit block 18 are arranged in FIG. 4 and optionally according to the exemplary embodiments 1 or 2 can be configured.
- An actuator 19 is actuated by the actuator 7. 4, the throttle valve of a motor vehicle internal combustion engine is shown schematically as an actuator 19 reproduced.
- the control circuit 17 is advantageously carried out by pulse-width-modulated control signals by means of which the signals contained Switch elements depending on the desired mean value for the actuator current Ia changed pulse width can be controlled.
- the pulse width or the degree of modulation the pulse width modulated control signals for the switch elements is replaced by the command signal given. This is preferably proportional to the value of the command signal rated actuator current Ia.
- Fig. 4 also shows in connection with the actuator 19 a reset device 20, symbolically indicated by a lever with a spring.
- a reset device 20 can occur.
- wear-free resetting devices are preferred, in which a resetting force on the actuator 19 is caused by a permanent magnet, which can be structurally combined with the actuator 7 and thus results in a very simple, robust, reliable and compact design.
- the reset device 20 has the task of bringing the actuating element 19 into a non-critical position if the actuator 7 or an element controlling it should become defective in order to obtain a fail-safe actuating system. For example, a throttle valve would always be brought into the closed position or in the vicinity thereof.
- the resetting device 20 acts at all times against the torque or the force that is applied by the actuator 7 to the actuator 19.
- the actuator 7 therefore only has to apply a force or a torque in one direction - for example the direction Opening "of the actuator 19 - apply, as the direction of adjustment Closing "is always effected by the resetting device 20.
- the fault-resistance required there is achieved by the separate resetting device 20, particularly in the area of application of a motor vehicle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern eines Aktuators mit
- einer im wesentlichen eine Gleichspannung abgebenden Quelle zum Zuführen elektrischer Energie zum Aktuator,
- einem ersten Steuerpfad, der eine mit ihren Endanschlüssen an Pole der Quelle angeschlossene Reihenschaltung aus einem zur Energiezufuhr an den Aktuator steuerbaren ersten Stromsteuerelement und einem ersten Freilaufelement umfasst,
- wobei der Aktuator mit einem ersten seiner Anschlüsse an einen ersten Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem ersten Stromsteuerelement und dem ersten Freilaufelement angeschlossen und mit einem zweiten seiner Anschlüsse mit dem an das erste Freilaufelement angeschlossenen ersten Pol der Quelle gekoppelt ist.
Fig. 1b) zeigt den Strompfad für den Aktuatorstrom bei leitendem erstem Schalterelement 4, d.h. eingeschaltetem erstem Stromsteuerelement 4, 5. Aus der Quelle 1 wird durch die Gleichspannung U0 der Strom Ia über das erste Schalterelement 4 dem Aktuator 7 an seinen Anschlüssen 8, 10 zugeführt. Unter Voraussetzung eines idealen Schalterelements 4 liegt dann am Aktuator 7, d.h. an den Anschlüssen 8, 10, die Gleichspannung U0 der Quelle 1 an, d.h. die Aktuatorspannung Ua stimmt mit der Gleichspannung U0 überein.
Die Betriebsweise der Schaltungsanordnung nach Fig. 2a) ist in den Fig. 2b) und 2c) dargestellt. Fig. 2b) zeigt den Betriebszustand mit leitend geschalteten Schalterelementen 4 und 11. Aus der Quelle 1 wird dann - getrieben durch die Gleichspannung U0 - ein Aktuatorstrom Ia vom ersten Pol 2 über das erste Schalterelement 4 zum ersten Anschluss 8 des Aktuators 7 und zurück vom zweiten Anschluss 10 des Aktuators 7 über das zweite Schalterelement 11 an den zweiten Pol 3 der Quelle 1 geleitet. Werden wieder ideale Schalterelemente 4, 11 vorausgesetzt, entspricht auch hier die Aktuatorspannung Ua der Gleichspannung U0 der Quelle 1.
Zum Abschalten des Aktuatorstroms Ia werden beide Schalterelemente 4, 11 simultan gesperrt. Wiederum wird durch die Induktivität La der Aktuatorstrom Ia nicht abrupt enden, sondern über die Freilaufelemente 6, 13 weiter fließen. Im Gegensatz zu der unipolaren Anordnung gemäß Fig. 1 wird jetzt bei der asymmetrischen Brücke gemäß Fig 2 der Aktuatorstrom Ia nicht an den Anschlüssen 8, 10 des Aktuators 7 über das erste Freilaufelement 6 kurzgeschlossen, sondern über beide Freilaufelemente 6, 13 weiterhin über die Quelle 1 geführt, jedoch in umgekehrter Richtung. Dadurch ergibt sich in diesem Betriebszustand eine Aktuatorspannung Ua, die dem negativen Wert der Gleichspannung U0 der Quelle 1 entspricht. Durch diese als Gegenspannung wirkende Aktuatorspannung Ua wird ein gegenüber der Schaltungsanordnung nach Fig. 1 wesentlich beschleunigtes Abklingen des Aktuatorstroms Ia erreicht. Ein Vergleich mit dem Betriebszustand gemäß Fig. 2b) ergibt, dass der Anstieg des Aktuatorstromes Ia beim Übergang der Schalterelemente 4, 11 aus ihrem gesperrten in ihren leitenden Zustand wenigstens weitgehend mit dem Abklingen des Aktuatorstromes Ia beim Sperren der Schalterelemente 4, 11 übereinstimmt. Somit wird das Abklingen des Aktuatorstroms Ia bei der asymmetrischen Brücke gemäß Fig. 2 gegenüber der unipolaren Anordnung gemäß Fig. 1 wesentlich beschleunigt.
Claims (6)
- Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern eines Aktuators miteiner im wesentlichen eine Gleichspannung abgebenden Quelle zum Zuführen elektrischer Energie zum Aktuator,einem ersten Steuerpfad, der eine mit ihren Endanschlüssen an Pole der Quelle angeschlossene Reihenschaltung aus einem zur Energiezufuhr an den Aktuator steuerbaren ersten Stromsteuerelement und einem ersten Freilaufelement umfasst,wobei der Aktuator mit einem ersten seiner Anschlüsse an einen ersten Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem ersten Stromsteuerelement und dem ersten Freilaufelement angeschlossen und mit einem zweiten seiner Anschlüsse mit dem an das erste Freilaufelement angeschlossenen ersten Pol der Queile gekoppelt ist.
- Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1,
gekennzeichnet durch einen zweiten Steuerpfad, der eine mit ihren Endanschlüssen an die Pole der Quelle angeschlossene Reihenschaltung aus einem zur Energiezufuhr an den Aktuator steuerbaren zweiten Stromsteuerelement und einem zweiten Freilaufelement umfasst, wobei der zweite Anschluss des Aktuators mit einem zweiten Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem zweiten Stromsteuerelement und dem zweiten Freilaufelement angeschlossen und über das zweite Stromsteuerelement mit dem ersten Pol der Quelle gekoppelt und ferner der zweite Verbindungspunkt über das zweite Freilaufelement mit dem zweiten Pol der Quelle verbunden ist. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass beide Stromsteuerelemente zum Betreiben des Aktuators simultan gesteuert werden. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3,
gekennzeichnet durch eine Steuerschaltung zum Steuern des Stromsteuerelements bzw. der Stromsteuerelemente nach Maßgabe eines Befehlssignals. - Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet.
dass das Stromsteuerelement bzw. die Stromsteuerelemente durch Pulsweitenmodulation gesteuert werden, deren Modulationsgrad durch das Befehlssignal vorgebbar ist. - Stellsystem zum Betätigen einer Stellvorrichtung in einem Verbrennungsmotor,
gekennzeichnet durch eine Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19911863 | 1999-03-17 | ||
DE19911863A DE19911863A1 (de) | 1999-03-17 | 1999-03-17 | Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern eines Aktuators |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1050966A2 true EP1050966A2 (de) | 2000-11-08 |
EP1050966A3 EP1050966A3 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
EP1050966B1 EP1050966B1 (de) | 2004-11-03 |
Family
ID=7901283
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00200849A Expired - Lifetime EP1050966B1 (de) | 1999-03-17 | 2000-03-09 | Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern eines Aktuators |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1050966B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2000323325A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19911863A1 (de) |
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WO1999002834A1 (fr) * | 1997-07-09 | 1999-01-21 | Magneti Marelli France | Circuit de commande de puissance, pour actionneur electromagnetique tel qu'injecteur ou electrovanne |
-
1999
- 1999-03-17 DE DE19911863A patent/DE19911863A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-03-09 EP EP00200849A patent/EP1050966B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-09 DE DE50008468T patent/DE50008468D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-03-17 JP JP2000076732A patent/JP2000323325A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2000323325A (ja) | 2000-11-24 |
DE50008468D1 (de) | 2004-12-09 |
EP1050966B1 (de) | 2004-11-03 |
EP1050966A3 (de) | 2002-01-30 |
DE19911863A1 (de) | 2000-09-21 |
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