EP1048844B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten, Bremsen und Umsteuern eines Zweitakt-Dieselmotors - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten, Bremsen und Umsteuern eines Zweitakt-Dieselmotors Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1048844B1
EP1048844B1 EP00810307A EP00810307A EP1048844B1 EP 1048844 B1 EP1048844 B1 EP 1048844B1 EP 00810307 A EP00810307 A EP 00810307A EP 00810307 A EP00810307 A EP 00810307A EP 1048844 B1 EP1048844 B1 EP 1048844B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
diesel engine
accordance
degrees
outlet valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00810307A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1048844A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Porchet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG filed Critical Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority to EP00810307A priority Critical patent/EP1048844B1/de
Priority to DK00810307T priority patent/DK1048844T3/da
Publication of EP1048844A1 publication Critical patent/EP1048844A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1048844B1 publication Critical patent/EP1048844B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N9/00—Starting of engines by supplying auxiliary pressure fluid to their working chambers
    • F02N9/04—Starting of engines by supplying auxiliary pressure fluid to their working chambers the pressure fluid being generated otherwise, e.g. by compressing air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for starting, braking and reversing a two-stroke diesel engine according to the preamble of claim 1. Die The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the method according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • Diesel engines it is known auto-ignition reciprocating internal combustion engines, in the rest also referred to as diesel engines to start pneumatically, to brake or change direction.
  • large ones are used to drive Ships used two-stroke diesel engines started in such a way that first operating phase a compressed fluid, in particular compressed air, such is blown into the cylinder so that the pistons located in it Movement are set and drive the diesel engine, after the Reaching a minimum speed of the cylinders in a second Operating phase fuel is supplied and the cylinders in the sense of a continuing internal combustion engine operation are ignited.
  • Diesel engines can be used like the compressed fluid Also brake the compressed air, if necessary to a standstill. If if necessary, the diesel engine can also be reversed by the rotating diesel engine is brought to a standstill and in the opposite direction is started again.
  • compressed fluid is particularly suitable for compressed air, but other, non-flammable fluids can be used.
  • a brake system for internal combustion engines is known from US Pat. No. 3,786,792, in which the exhaust valves are controlled in such a way that they open before the piston has reached top dead center.
  • EP 0 167 886 A1 describes a method for starting an internal combustion engine in which the opening of the exhaust valves is delayed in order to increase the useful stroke.
  • a disadvantage of known methods for the pneumatic starting, braking and reversing of two-stroke diesel engines, in particular of large marine diesel engines or of large two-stroke diesel engines, is the fact that a large amount of compressed air under high pressure is required.
  • the object of the present invention is an economically more advantageous one Method and a corresponding device for starting, braking and Propose reversing a two-stroke diesel engine.
  • the task is solved in particular with a method for starting, Braking or reversing a two-stroke diesel engine by one compressed fluid from a pressure vessel (11), in particular compressed air from a compressed air reservoir, such as at least one cylinder, that a piston located in the cylinder by the resulting Pressure change is set in motion or braked, the Cylinder has at least one exhaust valve, which opens variably with respect to the angle of rotation of the crankshaft and is closed to the cylinder essentially without compression hold, or to cause a premature pressure drop in the cylinder, and wherein the delivery of the compressed fluid and the discharge from the Cylinders mutually dependent on the angle of rotation of the crankshaft is coordinated that through the interaction an increased Pressure change in the cylinder is generated.
  • the requirement for performing the procedure is that the diesel engine Has valves which are mechanically separated from the crankshaft are controllable.
  • the valves become like this when the diesel engine is started controlled or kept open that the diesel engine in the can be started essentially without compression.
  • a two-stroke diesel engine is started, for example, in such a way that Cylinder whose piston is immediately after top dead center the outlet valve is closed and compressed air is blown in around the Move the piston towards bottom dead center.
  • the exhaust valves of the the remaining cylinders remain open so that they are not essential Compression is generated.
  • another piston immediately after the top dead center its outlet valve is closed and Compressed air is blown in, this piston against bottom dead center to move there.
  • the outlet valve is opened again so that the Pistons essentially return to top dead center without compression moved there.
  • two cylinders can be used as described Compressed air can be applied to start the diesel engine during the other cylinders are kept essentially compression-free. It However, all cylinders can also be operated with compressed air as described be charged. Because the cylinder at the time the piston located at top dead center, is essentially compression-free prove to be a significant advantage of the method according to the invention The fact that a relatively low air pressure is enough to close the diesel engine start.
  • the air used for starting had to be pressurized which was significantly higher than the compression pressure, which lies in the cylinder when starting, when the piston is in the upper one Dead center is located.
  • the method according to the invention thus has the advantage that the pressure in the compressed air reservoir can be kept lower, or that the volume of the compressed air reservoir can be kept smaller.
  • the Compressed air reservoir advantageously designed with pressure bottles, can thus be made cheaper or smaller, or it can be with the Content of existing compressed air storage an increased number of starts carry out. In addition, cheaper compressors are available for charging the Compressed air storage can be used.
  • the method according to the invention is also suitable for the diesel engine to change, in a first step like this is decelerated to a standstill, being in a second Partial step the compressed air depending on the piston position blown and the exhaust valves are controlled so that the Diesel engine is rotated in the opposite direction, so in a third Partial step of the diesel engine rotating in the opposite direction with the one already described procedure is started.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for two-stroke diesel engines.
  • the compressed air is from the compressed air tank 11 via the line 11b Compressed air valve 4b supplied.
  • the exhaust valve 4a is an exhaust pipe 13 downstream.
  • the combustion air is above the cylinder in the two-stroke diesel engine located inlet slots not visible in the illustration.
  • Fig. 2a shows the pressure 20 within a cylinder of the two-stroke diesel engine in function of the crank angle ⁇ of the crankshaft 2.
  • the piston moves to bottom dead center UTP towards, with the cylinder pressure 20 decreasing and first, as with curve 22 shown, the outlet valve 4a opens, and then, as with the curve 21 shown, the inlet slot of the two-stroke diesel engine is open.
  • the inlet slot is closed first, then the Exhaust valve 4a closed, up the cylinder pressure 20 through the compression increases.
  • the piston of which located immediately after top dead center OTP is marked by a Actuation of the compressed air valve 4b compressed air 23 supplied so that the Internal pressure in the cylinder has an increased pressure curve 20.
  • the Curve section 20a shows the pressure curve without blowing in Compressed air.
  • Surface 24a shows the pressure increase in the cylinder due to which the piston is pushed down, the pressure 20 continuously relaxed until the outlet valve 4a and the inlet slots, as shown by curves 21, 22 are open.
  • the diesel engine will started such that at least with two cylinders, but preferably All cylinders, as shown in Fig. 2a, compressed air is supplied until the Diesel engine has a predetermined nominal speed at which Excess fuel is supplied to the cylinder, which is ignited, so that the diesel engine in the operating state of a Internal combustion engine passes.
  • FIG. 2b shows the cylinder pressure 20 as a function of the crank angle ⁇ at starting method according to the invention.
  • the exhaust valve 4a is during the Curve 22 opened, curve 22 opening exhaust valve 4a Flank 22a and a flank 22b closing the outlet valve 4a having.
  • the exhaust valve 4a In the normal operating state, i.e. during the operation of the Two-stroke diesel engine with constant speed, the exhaust valve 4a in essentially corresponding to the curve 22 shown in FIG. 2a opened and closed.
  • the device according to the invention has the Property on that the exhaust valve 4a, as by the flanks 22a, 22b shown, opened and closed at freely selectable crank angles ⁇ can be.
  • the inlet slot is in the courses according to Fig.
  • the area 24a shows the pressure increase in the cylinder, based on which of the pistons one expanding movement.
  • the outlet valve 4a is over the Control curve 22 and the compressed air valve 4b via the control curve 23 controlled so mutually coordinated that the cylinder at about top dead center OTP is essentially compression-free or one has low internal pressure, and that the subsequent injection of Compressed air an increased pressure change in the cylinder or one causes relatively high pressure change in the cylinder.
  • the known method according to FIG. 2a is in the method according to FIG. 2b Compressed air with a much lower pressure is required, this Compressed air also causes an increased pressure change in the cylinder, which assists in expanding the piston. Otherwise the start goes like in the description of Fig. 2a already described by the Exceeding a predeterminable nominal speed of the diesel engine in the Operating state of an internal combustion engine is transferred.
  • the exhaust valve 4a is in a range between -180 degrees and 0 degrees before top dead center OTP, especially in a range between -90 Degrees and 0 degrees before top dead center OTP closed.
  • Fig. 2c explains the cylinder pressure 20 as a function of the crank angle represents ⁇ .
  • the compression stroke becomes the cylinder, as shown by curve 23, Compressed air supplied so that the pressure is above the pressure otherwise present 20a rises to the cylinder pressure 20, resulting in an area 24a increased cylinder pressure results.
  • the exhaust valve as from curve 22, in particular can be seen from the opening flank 22a, prematurely or with respect to the Normal operation advanced to top dead center OTP, opened, whereupon the cylinder pressure 20 one compared to the otherwise existing Pressure 20b has much lower pressure, the difference of which by Surface 24b is shown.
  • At least one of the cylinders is according to the invention Braking process controlled, whereby to a quick braking or a to bring the diesel engine to a standstill, preferably all cylinders be controlled in this way.
  • the exhaust valve is in a range between 0 degrees and 90 degrees after top dead center OTP, for example at about 45 degrees opened, namely when the opening force of the valve 4a Closing force caused by the pressure in the cylinder overcomes.
  • the outlet valve 4a is via the control curve 22 and the compressed air valve 4b controlled in a mutually coordinated manner via the control curve 23, that the interior of the cylinder one during compression has increased internal pressure, and premature during expansion Pressure reduction shows what an increased pressure reduction in the interior of the cylinder, and less pressure energy for the Piston movement is available.
  • FIG. 2d shows the cylinder pressure 20 as a function of the crank angle ⁇ at Reversing the diesel engine 1.
  • the cylinder whose Piston is before top dead center OTP, as through curve 23 shown, compressed air, which causes a pressure curve 20, which increased compared to the pressure curve 20a without the use of compressed air is.
  • This causes the piston to rotate the crankshaft 2 in opposite directions Direction rotates so that the diesel engine 1 is reversed.
  • the diesel engine 1 accelerated in accordance with the starting method shown in FIG. 2b be to the diesel engine in the Transfer internal combustion engine operation.
  • reversing according to Fig. 2d could the interior of the cylinder by actuating the exhaust valve 4a are initially made without compression, and after the Closing the exhaust valve 4a, the compressed air is supplied.
  • the reversal of a running diesel engine is done in several Sub-steps in that in a first step the motor with the in Fig. 2c braking method shown is braked to a standstill, then in a second step with the reversal method shown in Fig. 2d whose direction of rotation is changed to in a third step with the in Fig. 2b shown starting procedure the diesel engine in reverse Accelerate direction again and when crossing one Minimum fuel supply and the engine after igniting the To continue operating fuel in internal combustion engine operation.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that the reversal can be done faster, so the diesel engine with fewer revolutions braked, reversed and driven in the opposite direction, and in the case of a ship propulsion, the ship within a shorter distance can be stopped.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP00810307A 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten, Bremsen und Umsteuern eines Zweitakt-Dieselmotors Expired - Lifetime EP1048844B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00810307A EP1048844B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten, Bremsen und Umsteuern eines Zweitakt-Dieselmotors
DK00810307T DK1048844T3 (da) 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Fremgangsmåde og indretning til at starte, bremse og reversere en totaktsdieselmotor

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99810363 1999-04-30
EP99810363 1999-04-30
EP00810307A EP1048844B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten, Bremsen und Umsteuern eines Zweitakt-Dieselmotors

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1048844A1 EP1048844A1 (de) 2000-11-02
EP1048844B1 true EP1048844B1 (de) 2004-10-13

Family

ID=8242798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00810307A Expired - Lifetime EP1048844B1 (de) 1999-04-30 2000-04-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Starten, Bremsen und Umsteuern eines Zweitakt-Dieselmotors

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1048844B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2000320437A (zh)
KR (1) KR100635441B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1201077C (zh)
DE (1) DE50008185D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK1048844T3 (zh)
NO (1) NO323742B1 (zh)
PL (1) PL199244B1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3795425B2 (ja) * 2001-04-26 2006-07-12 エムエーエヌ・ビー・アンド・ダブリュ・ディーゼル・エーエス 内燃機関を制動及び逆転させるためのプロセス
DE102004035301B4 (de) * 2004-07-21 2015-12-03 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Dieselmotor
KR20060053263A (ko) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-19 베르트질레 슈바이츠 악티엔게젤샤프트 디젤엔진, 특히 전자제어 시스템을 구비한 대형 디젤엔진및 그 시동방법
EP1653078A1 (de) * 2004-10-26 2006-05-03 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Dieselmaschine, insbesondere Groossdieselmotor, mit einem elektronischen Steuerungssystem und ein Verfahren zum Starten der Dieselmaschine
CN101545441B (zh) * 2008-03-27 2010-12-08 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 一种发动机气体启动装置
FI20105933A (fi) * 2010-09-08 2012-03-09 Waertsilae Finland Oy Menetelmä ja järjestely polttomoottorin kammenkulman määrittämiseksi
CN101943063A (zh) * 2010-09-17 2011-01-12 中国第一汽车集团公司 可实现发动机制动及发动机起停时卸荷的方法
CN102022154A (zh) * 2011-01-13 2011-04-20 大连理工大学 内燃机进排气门控制方法
CN103527250A (zh) * 2012-07-04 2014-01-22 周登荣 空气动力发动机的启动控制装置和启动控制方法
EP3015663B1 (de) * 2014-10-31 2018-11-07 Winterthur Gas & Diesel AG Steuerverfahren zum schnellen umsteuern einer hubkolbenbrennkraft-maschine
DK3015664T3 (en) * 2014-10-31 2017-10-02 Winterthur Gas & Diesel Ag Reversal procedure for rapid reversal of a motor, computer software product and motor
JP6517661B2 (ja) * 2015-10-23 2019-05-22 株式会社三井Ｅ＆Ｓマシナリー 舶用主機関の始動方法
CN108397297A (zh) * 2017-02-08 2018-08-14 牛锦辉 发动机气缸内气体控制方法及装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB461549A (en) * 1936-05-04 1937-02-18 Charles Frederic Heywood Apparatus for starting internal combustion multi-cylinder engines by means of a compressible fluid under pressure
DE2002982A1 (de) * 1970-01-23 1971-07-29 Licentia Gmbh Automatisierung der Anlassstufe bei Verbrennungsmotoren
US3786792A (en) * 1971-05-28 1974-01-22 Mack Trucks Variable valve timing system
FR2566050B1 (fr) * 1984-06-19 1988-09-16 Semt Procede de demarrage d'un moteur a combustion interne
JPS6172872A (ja) * 1984-09-17 1986-04-14 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd デイ−ゼル機関の起動弁タイミング調整装置
JPS62258165A (ja) * 1986-05-06 1987-11-10 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 内燃機関用起動弁
JPH0383382A (ja) * 1989-08-28 1991-04-09 Fujitsu Ltd 半導体受光素子及びその製造方法
JPH0469670A (ja) * 1990-07-11 1992-03-04 Ricoh Co Ltd 画像形成装置のネツトワーク方式
JPH0610809A (ja) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 舶用ディーゼル機関の始動装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000320437A (ja) 2000-11-21
CN1272594A (zh) 2000-11-08
NO20002237D0 (no) 2000-04-28
DE50008185D1 (de) 2004-11-18
DK1048844T3 (da) 2004-11-08
PL199244B1 (pl) 2008-08-29
NO20002237L (no) 2000-10-31
NO323742B1 (no) 2007-07-02
EP1048844A1 (de) 2000-11-02
CN1201077C (zh) 2005-05-11
KR100635441B1 (ko) 2006-10-17
KR20000077086A (ko) 2000-12-26
PL339895A1 (en) 2000-11-06

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