EP1029974B1 - Ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil - Google Patents

Ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1029974B1
EP1029974B1 EP00100815A EP00100815A EP1029974B1 EP 1029974 B1 EP1029974 B1 EP 1029974B1 EP 00100815 A EP00100815 A EP 00100815A EP 00100815 A EP00100815 A EP 00100815A EP 1029974 B1 EP1029974 B1 EP 1029974B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strands
synthetic
sheath
fiber
anchoring means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00100815A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1029974A1 (de
Inventor
Claudio Dipl.-Ing. De Angelis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
Original Assignee
Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP00100815A priority Critical patent/EP1029974B1/de
Publication of EP1029974A1 publication Critical patent/EP1029974A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1029974B1 publication Critical patent/EP1029974B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/025Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • D07B1/167Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay having a predetermined shape
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1036Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands nine or more strands respectively forming multiple layers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2001Wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/201Wires or filaments characterised by a coating
    • D07B2201/2012Wires or filaments characterised by a coating comprising polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015Strands
    • D07B2201/2042Strands characterised by a coating
    • D07B2201/2044Strands characterised by a coating comprising polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2071Spacers
    • D07B2201/2074Spacers in radial direction
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2083Jackets or coverings
    • D07B2201/2087Jackets or coverings being of the coated type
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2003Thermoplastics
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2046Polyamides, e.g. nylons
    • D07B2205/205Aramides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/20Organic high polymers
    • D07B2205/2064Polyurethane resins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/205Avoiding relative movement of components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sheathed synthetic fiber rope, preferably made of aromatic polyamide, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its production the preamble of claim 8.
  • Running ropes are in conveyor technology, especially at Elevators, in crane building and mining, an important strong stressed machine element. It is particularly complex Stress on driven or over rope pulleys deflected ropes, such as those used in elevator construction and can be used for cable cars. There are big ones Ropes are necessary and it is for energy reasons the demand for the smallest possible masses.
  • high-strength Synthetic fiber ropes for example made from aromatic polyamides or aramids with highly oriented molecular chains meet these requirements better than steel cables.
  • Such a sheathed synthetic fiber rope is known from EP 0 672 781 A1 has become known to the applicant.
  • the strands lead to the bending of the rope on the Pulley or pulley under certain conditions Compensatory movements by leading to relative movements of the strands different strand layers can lead. These movements are the largest in the outermost strand layer and can especially if the drive torque is frictionally locked over the each over the wrap angle on the sheave adjacent rope sheath section is stamped on the rope cause the casing to lift off prematurely and Upsets forms.
  • Such a change in rope construction is undesirable because it has a short lifespan Rope can lead.
  • the invention has for its object a coated Synthetic fiber rope with a longer service life and a method for Manufacture to specify such.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are one permanent anchoring of the sheathing in the extreme Strand.
  • the sheathing is according to the invention with Anchoring means connected above the structural Structure are anchored in the outermost strand layer.
  • the Binding forces between the casing and the Anchoring means correspond in particular to one one-piece connection of the material strength of the Anchoring means and thus exceed conventional ones Adhesive forces many times over.
  • the anchoring means and the casing made of weldable or vulcanizable materials educated.
  • This choice of materials enables the Anchoring means and the sheathing without additional Binder.
  • the joint is permanent, shows same material behavior as the joining partners themselves and comes as a one-piece formation of anchoring means and sheathing the same.
  • The is particularly homogeneous Joining point when the anchoring means and the sheath are made identical material are formed.
  • the present Uniform material parameters simplify connection with uniform molecular connection of the parts to be joined.
  • the manufacture according to the invention is more encased Synthetic fiber ropes simple and with little adjustment conventional stranding machines.
  • the inside of the rope is made in the outermost strand layer load-bearing fiber strands stranded with anchoring agents. Latter are then thermally or chemically pretreated before the Plastic coating is applied and go one molecular connection with the anchoring means.
  • Apart from adjustment work is conventional Stranding machines retrofitting a pre-treatment station already sufficient.
  • the anchoring means and the sheathing together welded is essentially a heater for Heating the anchoring means to provide it when Extrude the sheath into a permanent fusion of the cover with the anchoring means.
  • Another preferred method variant provides that Vulcanize sheathing on the outermost strand layer. at this version is made using a suitable pretreatment station a substrate is applied to the anchoring means, which etches them and thus for molecular networking with the extruded casing prepared.
  • the anchoring means are preferred Embodiment of the invention in the form of one or more Anchor strands formed, which together with load-bearing Aramid fiber strands are stranded to the outermost strand layer.
  • the sheathing can be anchored by the number of the stranded wires stranded in the outer layer can be set. A particularly good form fit is at this embodiment achieved when the anchoring strands a smaller diameter than the load-bearing aramid fiber strands exhibit.
  • the anchoring strand is in the circumferential direction each between two larger diameter aramid fiber strands pinched and thereby anchored in the strand layer.
  • Prefabricated anchor strands can be used together with the Aramid fiber strands processed by the same stranding machine become.
  • the anchoring means can also be in the form of Anchoring fibers can be formed, which with aramid fibers load-bearing strands for the outermost strand layer with each other are twisted and fixed.
  • the anchoring fibers are in the outermost fiber layer of the strands are arranged and in turn in one piece with the subsequently extruded casing connected.
  • With a variety of such anchoring fibers results there is a large total connection area between the sheathing and anchoring them, which strengthens the connection and again the rope life increases.
  • the thin Anchoring fibers in a short time and with comparative low energy expenditure can be heated to the melting temperature, which is why this embodiment has advantages in continuous Extruding the rope sheath offers.
  • the synthetic fiber rope according to the invention offers, for example Elevator systems benefits where there is one cabin frame in one Elevator shaft guided cabin with a counterweight combines. To lift and close the cabin and counterweight lower, the rope runs over a traction sheave by one Drive motor is driven. When running over the traction sheave takes place in the inventive synthetic fiber rope between the Rope sheath and the outermost strand layer no relative movement instead of.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a Rope covered according to the invention 1.
  • the rope 1 is constructed from a core strand 2, around which in a first lay direction 3 five identical synthetic fiber strands 4 of a first strand layer 5 are helical, and with which ten Synthetic fiber strands 4, 6 a second strand layer 7 in Parallel strike under a balanced ratio between Fiber and strand lay twist are stranded.
  • the number of stranded strands can meet the respective requirements be chosen accordingly differently and is not on that of this embodiment set.
  • For the rope 1 load-bearing synthetic fiber strands 2,4,6,9 are used individual aramid fibers twisted or beaten and with a die Aramid fiber protective impregnating agent, for example treated with polyurethane solution.
  • the intermediate sheath 12 is immediately before the stranding outermost strand layer 11 extruded onto the rope core 8. He prevents contact between the outermost strand layer 11 and the second strand layer 7 and thus wear the Synthetic fiber strands 4, 6 and 9 by rubbing against each other when the rope 1 runs over the traction sheave and thereby Relative movement of the synthetic fiber strands 4, 6, 9 among themselves.
  • the intermediate jacket 12 serves the inner Torque transmission between rope core 8 and outermost Strand layer 11.
  • the outermost strand layer 11 is in the first lay direction 3 stranded opposite second lay direction 10. She builds under longitudinal load of the rope 1 to that of parallel stranded rope core 8 oppositely directed Torque on.
  • a sheath 14 made of polyurethane envelops the outermost one Strand layer 11 and ensures the desired coefficient of friction Traction sheave. Furthermore, the polyurethane is so resistant to abrasion that no damage when the rope 1 runs over the traction sheave occur.
  • the casing 14 is in one piece with Anchoring strands 13 made of polyurethane, for example Welding, vulcanizing or bonding.
  • the Anchor strands 13 are form-fitting in the outermost one Strand layer 11 anchored. For example, here are nine of them Polyurethane strands 13 alternating with nine aramid fiber strands 9, in each case between two adjacent aramid fiber strands 9 stranded together to form the outermost strand layer 11.
  • the aramid fiber strands 9 and Polyurethane strands 13 shown the same thickness, but can Form fit of the polyurethane strands 13 with the outermost Strand layer 11 can be further improved if the Polyurethane strands 13 are thinner than the aramid fiber strands 9.
  • the thinner polyurethane strands 13 are in the circumferential direction between the adjacent larger diameter aramid fiber strands 9 clamped and in the radial direction on the Intermediate jacket 12 depressed.
  • the casing 14 is passed to the outermost Strand layer 11 extruded. With the spray printing process, this is flowable plastic material in all gaps of the Surface of the outermost strand layer, so that a large adhesive surface is formed.
  • the polyurethane strands 13 Before extruding the Sheathing 14, the polyurethane strands 13 on Melting temperature heated so that when extruding the Jacket 14 and the polyurethane strands 13 together be welded.
  • the permanent created by it one-piece connection gives the casing 14 permanent fastening on the high-strength rope 1 over the improved form locking of the polyurethane strands with the outermost strand layer 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows one Cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a according to the invention sheathed rope 20.
  • the rope core 21 and the Intermediate jacket 22 firmly adhering to it correspond with regard to function and structure corresponding parts of the First embodiment described above.
  • On the Cable sheath 22 is an outermost strand layer 23 from seventeen Aramid fiber strands 24 stranded.
  • Each individual aramid fiber strand 24 is made with a separate, all-round wrapping 25 Provided with polyurethane.
  • the so far described Aramid fiber rope 20 is covered with a sheath 26.
  • the Sheath 26 is made like sheath 25 of aramid fiber strands 24 made of thermoplastic polyurethane and is in one piece along the respective outer surface of the Cover 25 welded to the cover strand layer 23. About these permanent molecular connections is the sheath 26 positively connected to the aramid fiber strand 24. Also at In this embodiment, anchoring means are first in Form of the envelope 25 in the rope structure form-fitting anchored and immediately prior to extruding the sheath 26 by heating, gluing or etching or vulcanizing permanently connected to the casing 26.
  • FIG 3 is a third embodiment of the invention an aramid fiber rope 30 is shown.
  • the construction of the rope core 31, the this enveloping intermediate jacket 32 and the number of Synthetic fiber strands 33 of the outermost strand layer 34 are again same as for the two described above Embodiments.
  • a cable sheath 37 surrounds the outermost one Strand 34 with which he is positively connected.
  • Polyurethane fibers 35 are in the outermost fiber layer together with aramid fibers 36 arranged, i.e. on the outer surface of the jacket Synthetic fiber strands 33. Since the synthetic fiber strands 33 are wound helically around the intermediate jacket 32, it is ensured that the polyurethane fibers 35 at least in sections on the one adjacent to the casing 37 Surface come to rest.
  • the polyurethane fibers 35 are just before extruding the jacket 37 and heated merge with the tightly pressed casing 37. As The polyurethane fibers are part of the synthetic fiber strands 33 35 form-fitting with the strand structure of the outermost Strand layer 34 connected. Consequently, it is also in one piece the sheath 37 connected to the polyurethane fibers 35 via a A large number of such polyurethane fibers 35 via this positive connection permanently anchored to the aramid fibers 36.
  • the described embodiments of the invention can also can be combined with each other to create a desired one Form fixation of the jacket.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
EP00100815A 1999-01-22 2000-01-17 Ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil Expired - Lifetime EP1029974B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00100815A EP1029974B1 (de) 1999-01-22 2000-01-17 Ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99810050 1999-01-22
EP99810050 1999-01-22
EP00100815A EP1029974B1 (de) 1999-01-22 2000-01-17 Ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1029974A1 EP1029974A1 (de) 2000-08-23
EP1029974B1 true EP1029974B1 (de) 2004-03-24

Family

ID=8242644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00100815A Expired - Lifetime EP1029974B1 (de) 1999-01-22 2000-01-17 Ummanteltes Kunstfaserseil

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US6321520B1 (es)
EP (1) EP1029974B1 (es)
JP (1) JP4495816B2 (es)
CN (1) CN1130486C (es)
AT (1) ATE262610T1 (es)
CA (1) CA2297520C (es)
DE (1) DE50005757D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2218001T3 (es)
HK (1) HK1030246A1 (es)
IL (1) IL133721A (es)
MY (1) MY121133A (es)
NO (1) NO317522B1 (es)
SG (1) SG78407A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE47035E1 (en) 1998-12-31 2018-09-11 Otis Elevator Company Wedge clamp type termination for elevator tension member

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2783585B1 (fr) * 1998-09-23 2000-11-17 Trefileurope Cable mixte a ame synthetique pour le levage ou de traction
CA2262307C (en) * 1999-02-23 2006-01-24 Joseph Misrachi Low stretch elevator rope
SG83818A1 (en) * 1999-10-21 2001-10-16 Inventio Ag Rope deflection and suitable synthetic fiber rope and their use
NO321272B1 (no) 2000-05-31 2006-04-10 Aker Kvaerner Subsea As Strekklegeme
CN1189380C (zh) * 2000-07-27 2005-02-16 三菱电机株式会社 电梯装置及电梯装置主缆绳的制造方法
EP1371597B1 (en) * 2001-02-16 2012-11-14 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Main cable of elevator
GB2385867B (en) * 2001-12-12 2005-06-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Elevator rope and elevator apparatus
CN1625618A (zh) * 2002-01-30 2005-06-08 泰盛电梯资金股份有限公司 升降机用的合成纤维绳索
EP1516845B1 (en) * 2002-06-27 2010-01-20 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Rope for elevator and method of manufacturing the rope
MY136077A (en) * 2002-11-05 2008-08-29 Inventio Ag Drive-capable support or traction means and method for production thereof
KR101095474B1 (ko) * 2003-02-27 2011-12-16 엔브이 베카에르트 에스에이 엘리베이터 로프
MXJL06000016A (es) * 2003-10-21 2006-07-05 Darren William Hreniu Mitchell Sistema de travesia de seguridad de vias binarias reconfigurable para brindar trayectos seguros sobre mas rango de inclinaciones.
DE102005011357B3 (de) * 2005-03-04 2006-08-03 Corocord Raumnetz Gmbh Mehrlitziges Stahlseil
JP2006335568A (ja) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-14 Inventio Ag せん断力を許容することができ数本のケーブルを接続する接続部を有する支持手段
TWI435970B (zh) 2006-09-29 2014-05-01 Inventio Ag 具有張力載體之扁平帶狀支撐驅動構件
DE102007024020A1 (de) * 2007-05-18 2008-11-20 Casar Drahtseilwerk Saar Gmbh Seil, kombiniertes Seil aus Kunststofffasern und Stahldrahtlitzen, sowie kombinierte Litze aus Kunststofffasern und Stahldrähten
DE102007042680B4 (de) * 2007-09-10 2019-02-28 Airbus Helicopters Deutschland GmbH Faserseil aus hochfesten Kunstfasern für eine Hubschrauberrettungswinde
DE102009034514A1 (de) * 2009-07-24 2011-02-03 Lippmann German Ropes Gmbh & Co. Kg Seil und Verfahren zum Herstellen des Seiles
KR20120083907A (ko) * 2009-10-14 2012-07-26 인벤티오 아게 엘리베이터 시스템 및 이와 같은 시스템을 위한 하중 지지 부재
KR101787849B1 (ko) * 2012-08-29 2017-10-18 미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤 엘리베이터용 로프 및 그것을 이용한 엘리베이터 장치
JP6042987B2 (ja) * 2013-07-09 2016-12-14 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータ用ロープ及びそれを用いたエレベータ装置
CN103643571B (zh) * 2013-12-13 2016-03-02 新誉集团有限公司 用于高空/太空飞行器的耐低温柔性绳索及其制作方法
CN104153224A (zh) * 2014-08-25 2014-11-19 东莞市碳索复合材料有限公司 一种超拉力绳索的制造方法及由该方法制成的超拉力绳索
EP3180472B1 (de) 2015-10-21 2018-03-21 Liebherr-Components Biberach GmbH Vorrichtung zur erkennung der ablegereife eines hochfesten faserseils für hebezeuge
US10808355B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2020-10-20 Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh High-strength fibre rope for hoisting equipment such as cranes
KR102623964B1 (ko) * 2017-04-20 2024-01-11 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 직물 인장 부재를 구비한 엘리베이터 시스템 벨트
WO2020190640A1 (en) * 2019-03-15 2020-09-24 Hyper Wear, Inc. Weighted triple-braided exercise rope
CN109853099A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-07 南通神马线业有限公司 一种具有超强拉力降落伞用的锦纶线
CN112626895B (zh) * 2020-12-10 2023-08-22 鲁普耐特集团有限公司 一种包芯防藻绳及其制作方法
CN113308794B (zh) * 2021-06-16 2022-08-30 泰安科鼎特工贸有限公司 一种轻量化动力绳及其制备方法

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DE2455273C3 (de) * 1974-11-22 1978-01-19 Feiten & Guilleaume Carlswerk AG, 5000 Köln Kranseil aus Kunststoff
FR2446336A1 (fr) * 1979-01-10 1980-08-08 Payen & Cie L Nouveau type de fil textile guipe et procede pour son obtention
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JPH03269187A (ja) * 1990-03-13 1991-11-29 Kuraray Co Ltd 被覆ロープ
ATE154674T1 (de) 1993-03-05 1997-07-15 Inventio Ag Seilendverbindung für ein kunststoffseil
CZ282660B6 (cs) * 1994-03-02 1997-08-13 Inventio Ag Nosné lano zdvihacích a přepravních prostředků
US5881843A (en) * 1996-10-15 1999-03-16 Otis Elevator Company Synthetic non-metallic rope for an elevator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE47035E1 (en) 1998-12-31 2018-09-11 Otis Elevator Company Wedge clamp type termination for elevator tension member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MY121133A (en) 2005-12-30
NO20000333L (no) 2000-07-24
EP1029974A1 (de) 2000-08-23
HK1030246A1 (en) 2001-04-27
SG78407A1 (en) 2001-02-20
ATE262610T1 (de) 2004-04-15
IL133721A0 (en) 2001-04-30
DE50005757D1 (de) 2004-04-29
JP2000220083A (ja) 2000-08-08
NO317522B1 (no) 2004-11-08
JP4495816B2 (ja) 2010-07-07
US6321520B1 (en) 2001-11-27
CN1262358A (zh) 2000-08-09
CN1130486C (zh) 2003-12-10
IL133721A (en) 2003-06-24
ES2218001T3 (es) 2004-11-16
NO20000333D0 (no) 2000-01-21
CA2297520A1 (en) 2000-07-22
CA2297520C (en) 2007-04-10

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