EP1022374B1 - Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens - Google Patents

Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1022374B1
EP1022374B1 EP99101175A EP99101175A EP1022374B1 EP 1022374 B1 EP1022374 B1 EP 1022374B1 EP 99101175 A EP99101175 A EP 99101175A EP 99101175 A EP99101175 A EP 99101175A EP 1022374 B1 EP1022374 B1 EP 1022374B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
coating
soleplate
nickel
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99101175A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1022374A1 (de
Inventor
Friedrich Blume
Antonio Rebordosa Rius
Miguel Vasquez Palma
Juan Carlos Coronado Sanz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Braun GmbH
Original Assignee
Braun GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES99101175T priority Critical patent/ES2161559T3/es
Application filed by Braun GmbH filed Critical Braun GmbH
Priority to AT99101175T priority patent/ATE203288T1/de
Priority to EP99101175A priority patent/EP1022374B1/de
Priority to DE59900161T priority patent/DE59900161D1/de
Priority to US09/489,054 priority patent/US6360461B1/en
Priority to PL337986A priority patent/PL191847B1/pl
Publication of EP1022374A1 publication Critical patent/EP1022374A1/de
Priority to HK01100574A priority patent/HK1031135A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1022374B1 publication Critical patent/EP1022374B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F75/00—Hand irons
    • D06F75/38—Sole plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric iron with a silicon-containing cast aluminum manufactured and provided with an electric heater iron block with a plate-shaped soleplate made of low-silicon aluminum attached to the iron block is attached in a heat-conducting manner and a method for producing an electric iron.
  • an electric iron which is an aluminum iron block having a heating element cast therein.
  • the iron block can be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the iron block will anodized and then provided with either a chrome or a nickel-chrome layer.
  • the disadvantage of electrolytic electroplating is that which has already been anodized Aluminum surface hardly possible, since the aluminum oxides formed by the anodizing are not electrically conductive, so that the cast body at least on the anodized Side with low efficiency or hardly as an electrode in an electrolytic electroplating bath works.
  • galvanic treatment of an aluminum casting block is particularly important then disadvantageous if undercuts are formed through steam outlet openings because there is an unwanted carry-over and Liquid discharge from one electroplating bath liquid into the next electroplating bath liquid, in which the iron block is immersed.
  • An electric iron is known from US Pat. No. 2,846,793 which has an aluminum iron block has an iron shoe made of carbon steel attached to it.
  • the Iron shoe is provided with a nickel and a chrome layer.
  • disadvantageous Nickel-plated and chrome-plated carbon steel satisfies the requirements for corrosion resistance especially in the steam outlet openings of a steam iron Not.
  • An iron soleplate made of steel is generally a good option because of its relatively high basic hardness is given and the coefficient of thermal expansion, which is the slope of the soleplate intended for deformation under the influence of iron heat is low. A crack in a coating of the steel sole is therefore less likely.
  • an iron with a steel sole has a higher power dissipation, since this is comparatively poorer heat conduction to aluminum.
  • the formability and punchability less possible. This disadvantage weighs all the more because the requirements for precise shaped depressions with predetermined radius of curvature and the training increase from openings in the soleplate.
  • An electric iron of the type mentioned at the outset is already known from EP 0 754 256 known.
  • This iron has an iron block made of silicon-containing cast aluminum with a plate-shaped iron sole made of low-silicon aluminum connected is.
  • the soleplate is anodized, creating the surface the soleplate is converted into an aluminum oxide layer.
  • this type of surface treatment with regard to the maximum acceptable Expectable scratch resistance and hardness are limited.
  • an iron soleplate made of low-silicon aluminum is used. It has been shown that a galvanic electrolytic coating on a low silicon Aluminum with less pretreatment effort is possible, and at the same time a very optimal coating quality is achieved.
  • galvanization is carried out with external current (on the electrodes of the electroplating bath) electrolytically, metals or their alloys on the aluminum soleplate deposited.
  • external current on the electrodes of the electroplating bath
  • metals or their alloys on the aluminum soleplate deposited For example, Nickel and / or chrome allow sufficient Corrosion resistance with high hardness.
  • a coating thickness of more than 40 ⁇ m is required to ensure that a coating, which is hard per se, can be impressed on the to prevent relatively soft aluminum.
  • the hardness advantageously increases gradually from the aluminum soleplate to the outside of the coating or continuously. Only through this rising towards the outside of the soleplate Hardness gradient is the for the layer above or further out Given sufficient load-bearing capacity or partial surface pressability, so that ultimately excellent hardness and scratch resistance without cracking in the coating possible are.
  • the features of claim 2 the coating from a or several individual layers, these being pure nickel and nickel alloys with sulfur, phosphorus, cobalt, iron, sulfur and iron and / or tungsten, and / or Chromium (especially as a final layer). Because of the relatively small economic effort associated with the deposition (with external electricity) of nickel or Alloys, it is advantageous to form a large part of the coating with them.
  • the nickel compounds or alloys with sulfur, with phosphorus, with iron, together with iron, with sulfur and iron or with tungsten allow the production of in comparison to pure nickel different hard layers with also varying corrosion resistance, so that on the basis of a nickel compound one in Hardness increasing coating structure is economically producible.
  • the nickel compounds or nickel alloys specified here only with regard to their Main components and not with regard to their chemical connection. So is z. B. the nickel-sulfur alloy used here is a nickel alloy with nickel sulfide.
  • a first layer of pure nickel and a second layer of a nickel alloy is provided.
  • Pure nickel i.e. nickel without any Admixtures of e.g. As sulfur or phosphorus
  • has a high ductility at the same time has a slightly increasing hardness compared to an aluminum surface, so that the Tendency to crack formation under load is prevented.
  • the difference in hardness between the two layers is ⁇ or in the range of 200 HV, see above that the pure nickel layer forms the first stable layer.
  • the second layer it is preferred a nickel / sulfur alloy selected, due to this in the corrosion potential less noble metal compared to pure nickel a higher corrosion resistance is achieved through potential formation.
  • the chrome layer is the outermost Layer also advantageous in so far as under the influence of heat on irons up to 300 Degrees Celsius no discoloration or tarnishing happen.
  • the Chrome layer also protects against corrosion.
  • This increasing hardness in the coating structure is necessary because low-hardness aluminum is electroplated and thus an overall load-bearing layer structure is given. It has been shown that to achieve excellent scratch resistance the differences in hardness between each other adjacent layers must not exceed certain limits, so that cracking is avoided under heat load.
  • the difference in hardness between the aluminum base material of the iron soleplate and the first layer no larger than 250 HV
  • the difference in hardness between the first and second sub-layer is not greater than 350 HV
  • the difference in hardness between the second and third layers is not be greater than 500 HV, so that a stable structure that does not tend to crack is given is.
  • the first layer is only moderately hard and increases mainly optimizes the ductility so that the cracks that arise do not come down to the Pull aluminum through and can lead to corrosion.
  • the second layer has one Corrosion protection and leveling importance. A mechanical pre and post treatment, as is necessary with plasma spraying or anodizing.
  • the outermost the layer must remain optically high-quality and be as hard as possible. Therefore explained the first layer is still not very hard, but the outermost layer is very hard.
  • the outermost or third layer of the coating is advantageously a chrome layer, which has a hardness of between 700 HV and 1100 HV (# Claim 5). So the soleplate is enough the greatest scratching stresses when ironing even under the influence of heat.
  • the coating advantageously has a first layer with a thickness of 10 to 70 ⁇ m, in particular 50 ⁇ m, a second layer also with a thickness of 10 to 70 ⁇ m, in particular 50 ⁇ m (# 6) and a third layer with a thickness of 10 up to 50 ⁇ m (# Claim 7).
  • the first layer and the second layer are ideally 50 ⁇ m thick and the third layer 20 ⁇ m thick. Since aluminum has a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately 24 x 10 -6 / K, nickel has a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately 13 x 10 -6 / K and chrome has a coefficient of thermal expansion of approximately 7 x 10 -6 / K, the layer structure of the coating is one to the outside falling thermal expansion coefficient designed.
  • the elongation at break values of the coating metals increase in the direction of the base material (aluminum), so that thermal stresses due to a bimetal effect do not lead to cracks, particularly in the first nickel layer. Accordingly, the layer thicknesses are optimized so that the galvanic coating has a maximum durability.
  • the information on the layer thicknesses relate to a central flat section of the soleplate, which is not directly at openings , Edges and possibly depressions.
  • the coating has a total thickness of> 60 ⁇ m on (# claim 8).
  • a coating thickness of less than 40 ⁇ m at least ensures one 40 ⁇ m or better at least 60 or 80 ⁇ m thick coating of the soleplate the high demands placed on a galvanic-electrolytically generated Aluminum layer.
  • the soleplate is for nickel plating by means of electrodeposition in an electrolysis bath immersed with external current to be applied to the electrodes, one of which is off non-conductive material, e.g. B. plastic, existing aperture is arranged such that the deposited layer in its thickness evenly distributed over the surface of the soleplate is.
  • a chrome layer is used for the electrodeposition the soleplate of the iron is immersed in an electrolysis bath in such a way that a shaped anode (ie adapted to the shape of the soleplate) is arranged in front of the soleplate and thus an essentially homogeneous layer thickness is deposited (# Claim 11).
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a sectional view through the lower region of a Steam iron, i.e. the area of the steam iron that the ironing material is in use is next.
  • An iron block 1 is provided, which for better casting or. Demoldability is made of silicon-containing cast aluminum.
  • an electrical resistance heater 2 is cast in.
  • In the iron block are also depressions and channels for the steam chamber and steam transmission formed (not shown in Fig. 1).
  • the iron block is in good thermal conductivity Connection attached to the soleplate 3.
  • the good heat-conducting connection is preferred made by a silicone adhesive 4.
  • the soleplate 3 consists of low-silicon Aluminum, which is not only advantageous in terms of light weight, good Punchability and formability and good thermal conductivity is, but also by low silicon content for a galvanic-electrolytic coating with external current is deposited, forms a good basis.
  • the coating 5 the soleplate is coated on both sides, with on the outside the soleplate, i.e. the side facing the ironing during use, due to the arrangement on the electroplating frames in the electrolysis bath, a higher deposition done as on the back side.
  • this is galvanic-electrolytic Coating 5 also protects the inside of the soleplate from corrosion. This is particularly important because between the iron block and iron sole cavities are provided for steam distribution, whereby the iron sole inside is directly exposed to steam.
  • the section of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 1 shows the soleplate 3 and the iron block 1 in the area of a steam outlet opening 6, which in the aluminum soleplate 3 embossed radii in the area of the steam outlet opening are designed so that there is good sliding behavior of the iron sole via buttons and zippers and other places of the ironing material.
  • Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the electric iron. It is both with regard to the lateral as well as the downward extension to the iron block 1 a section of the soleplate 3 is shown, on which a galvanic-electrolytically deposited Coating 7 is applied.
  • the coating 7 consists of a first layer 8 pure nickel, which has a high ductility, so that cracking is prevented. Ideally, 40 to 60 ⁇ m are deposited from this first layer.
  • the first Layer increases the hardness of the soleplate surface to about 150 to 200 HV.
  • a so-called gloss or semi-gloss nickel layer is applied to the pure nickel layer electroplated with external current.
  • the shiny nickel shows in addition to the nickel an admixture of 0.05% sulfur, so that compared to the first layer results in an increased potential difference with the less noble bright nickel and as a result, the corrosion protection is improved.
  • the shiny nickel are also deposited about 40 - 60 microns, so that the surface hardness of the soleplate to is increased to about 350 to 500 HV a second time. To achieve the required semi-gloss effect achieve certain organic additives are mixed.
  • the third and preferably outermost layer 10 is a hard chrome layer by means of electroplating applied external current deposited on the second layer 9.
  • the third and preferably outermost layer 10 is a hard chrome layer by means of electroplating applied external current deposited on the second layer 9.
  • chrome does not assign that to irons note property that a strong yellow discoloration occurs when heated.
  • the Chrome does not tarnish up to the maximum ironing temperature of 300 degrees. Because of the previous one Layer structure of the coating 7 has been shown to be comparatively different from that a hard chrome plating associated with nickel economically greater effort from 10 to 30 ⁇ m is sufficient.
  • the coating according to this embodiment according to FIG. 2 has a medium overall Thickness of about 120 microns, with 40 or better 60 microns as the critical lower limit Coating 7 can be viewed.
  • the thickness of the coating or the individual layers arises not only from the starting material to be electroplated, namely Aluminum, but also because of the type of process, namely the galvanic-electrolytic with applied external current in the electroplating bath.
  • the metal coating of the second layer a Nikkel sulfur alloy replaced by a nickel-iron or nickel-iron sulfur alloy.
  • the addition of iron leads in particular to a subsequent post-annealing process or temperature stress, such as that caused by normal iron use can take place to a tendency increasing strength, so that a higher Ultimate hardness is achieved than is the case with certain nickel alloys, their hardness their initial hardness tends to drop slightly when exposed to temperature.
  • the specified here Hardness values therefore refer at least to the new condition of the iron. This fact also underlines the importance of achieving a high final hardness, the then still excellent scratch and abrasion properties under heat having.
  • the way of increasing the final hardness of a galvanic-electrolytic coated soleplate by a nickel-iron-sulfur compound / alloy can in particular be the subject of your own registration.
  • the nickel iron (sulfur) -Deposition as a single coating or in combination with others Layers as suggested above are possible.
  • an initial hardness of 500 HV was achieved using a Nikkel iron alloy achieved, the final hardness increases due to a subsequent heat load from about 250 ° C to about 650 HV. This effect is especially for use with irons particularly advantageous.
  • a coating with layers is built up, which has one or more of the following metal coatings.
  • the coating shows as first functional layer has a pure nickel layer for the reasons already mentioned above.
  • a nickel-cobalt or nickel-cobalt-sulfamate layer is deposited thereon.
  • the Cobalt leads to an increase in the hardness of the nickel deposit, whereby the installation rate of the Cobalt and the resulting increase in hardness via the current density in the electroplating bath have continuously increased.
  • the ductility is not affected.
  • Thereon becomes a further sulfur-nickel layer and / or a nickel-iron or nickel-iron-sulfur layer galvanically electrolytically deposited on the soleplate 3.
  • a nickel-phosphor and / or a nickel-tungsten layer is used as a further or alternative layer deposited on the soleplate.
  • These nickel additives are both thermostable as well as increasing hardness, so that the desired properties on the soleplate continue to be improved.
  • Thermal stress tends to increase the hardness of the alloy. So one can use phosphor-nickel or tungsten-nickel coated iron soleplate through a 12-hour tempering process Increase from 250 HV to 900 HV at 250 ° C. This annealing can be omitted as an alternative and can be done through normal iron use.
  • the coating accordingly contains a layer based a nickel alloy that hardens under the influence of heat.
  • the coating has one or more layers, the hardness of which is continuous towards the outside (e.g. within a layer) and / or gradually increasing, the first coating on which aluminum has a high ductility and a high elongation at break, so that cracking of the subsequently applied harder and more brittle Layers never extend down to the aluminum and are therefore corrosive could work.
  • These requirements are met by pure nickel without sulfur and phosphor alloy components Fulfills.
  • the function of the second or middle class (es) lies in one further, preferably heat-resistant, hardness increase, as well as a high leveling and Shine formation to the desired level, which is a mechanical pre and post treatment superfluous and thus contributes to an economic procedure.
  • the function of the final layer or outermost layer or third layer consists primarily of another To achieve an increase in hardness with permanent, high optical quality. All or most of them Layer components also have a corrosion-reducing effect.
  • the coating only consists of a layer, preferably a nickel alloy.
  • a coating is formed that has at least one or more of the alloys or metal coatings mentioned above.
  • the soleplate consists of a wrought aluminum alloy, a rolled sheet, in particular of the types aluminum-manganese-magnesium (AlMg4.5Mn), aluminum-magnesium (AlMg3), aluminum-copper-magnesium (AlCuMg1) etc. It has been shown that for galvanic-electrolytic External current deposition of coating metals the deposits done with higher quality if the aluminum sheet is practical as in these cases is silicon-free or low in silicon.
  • the soleplate has steam vents that are provided in recesses with certain predetermined radii. Furthermore, in the Iron soleplate Steam channels with certain radii to the otherwise flat surface the aluminum soleplate.
  • the outer edge of the soleplate is optional at a certain angle, e.g. B. 35 ° upwards, i.e. facing away from the iron surface Bent over.
  • the zincate pickle has other metals such as. B. Nikkel, Copper, iron and a. and hydroxides and cyanides. It causes slight aluminum erosion and on the other hand the formation of an adhesive layer with the alloy metals this solution as a result of charge exchange.
  • This zincate stain ultimately has a thickness of ⁇ 0.5 ⁇ m and is marked with the number 11 in FIG. 2. The zincate stain increases the adhesion of all subsequently applied metal layers 8, 9, 10 of the coating 7.
  • the next essential step in the process is to iron the soleplate pretreated in this way
  • Bright nickel bath preferably immersed in a sulfur-containing nickel alloy, the procedure approximately similar to the previous one also with a Aperture happens.
  • the current densities are set so that about 50 microns of the two nickel layers be deposited in each case.
  • Organic additives become shiny nickel attached, such as B. saccharin or chlorinated ethylene sulfuric acids (aliphatic or aromatic), so that a predetermined semi-gloss effect is created.
  • the soleplate coated in this way is immersed in a hard chrome electrolysis bath, in which an external current for metal deposition is also present at the electrodes.
  • the time and the current at the electrodes are set so that about 20 microns of hard chrome be deposited.
  • anodes are used, i.e. anodes that match the shape of the soleplate of the iron are adjusted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP99101175A 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens Expired - Lifetime EP1022374B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT99101175T ATE203288T1 (de) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Elektrisches bügeleisen und verfahren zur herstellung eines elektrischen bügeleisens
EP99101175A EP1022374B1 (de) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens
DE59900161T DE59900161D1 (de) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens
ES99101175T ES2161559T3 (es) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Plancha electrica y metodo para la fabricacion de una plancha electrica.
US09/489,054 US6360461B1 (en) 1999-01-22 2000-01-21 Electric pressing iron and method of manufacturing an electric pressing iron
PL337986A PL191847B1 (pl) 1999-01-22 2000-01-24 Żelazko elektryczne i sposób wytwarzania żelazka elektrycznego
HK01100574A HK1031135A1 (en) 1999-01-22 2001-01-23 Iron and method of producing an iron

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99101175A EP1022374B1 (de) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1022374A1 EP1022374A1 (de) 2000-07-26
EP1022374B1 true EP1022374B1 (de) 2001-07-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99101175A Expired - Lifetime EP1022374B1 (de) 1999-01-22 1999-01-22 Elektrisches Bügeleisen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Bügeleisens

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6360461B1 (es)
EP (1) EP1022374B1 (es)
AT (1) ATE203288T1 (es)
DE (1) DE59900161D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2161559T3 (es)
HK (1) HK1031135A1 (es)
PL (1) PL191847B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2119822A1 (en) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-18 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Device comprising a coated metal plate and method for manufacturing such device
EP2213784B1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2015-03-11 Polne, S.L. Soleplate and iron comprising such a soleplate
US20220186394A1 (en) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-16 Honeywell International Inc. Electroplate laminated structure and methods of fabricating the same

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2298113A (en) * 1940-12-07 1942-10-06 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Lightweight electric iron
DE3644211A1 (de) * 1985-12-24 1987-08-27 Braun Ag Buegeleisensohle
US5105525A (en) * 1988-08-25 1992-04-21 Braun Aktiengesellschaft Process for making a smoothing iron soleplate
DE3918824A1 (de) * 1988-08-25 1990-03-08 Braun Ag Buegeleisensohle
FR2700784B1 (fr) * 1993-01-25 1995-03-17 Seb Sa Semelle de fer à repasser multicouches en matériaux colaminés.
DE4411790A1 (de) * 1994-04-06 1995-10-12 Braun Ag Elektrisches Bügeleisen
BE1008961A3 (nl) * 1994-11-14 1996-10-01 Philips Electronics Nv Strijkijzer met glijlaag.

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Publication number Publication date
US6360461B1 (en) 2002-03-26
ATE203288T1 (de) 2001-08-15
EP1022374A1 (de) 2000-07-26
HK1031135A1 (en) 2001-06-01
PL337986A1 (en) 2000-07-31
DE59900161D1 (de) 2001-08-23
PL191847B1 (pl) 2006-07-31
ES2161559T3 (es) 2001-12-01

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