EP1017733A1 - Prepolymerzusammensetzung - Google Patents
PrepolymerzusammensetzungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1017733A1 EP1017733A1 EP98947507A EP98947507A EP1017733A1 EP 1017733 A1 EP1017733 A1 EP 1017733A1 EP 98947507 A EP98947507 A EP 98947507A EP 98947507 A EP98947507 A EP 98947507A EP 1017733 A1 EP1017733 A1 EP 1017733A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- prepolymer
- prepolymer composition
- composition according
- groups
- polyol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/36—Hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/58—Epoxy resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a prepolymer composition which is particularly suitable for the production of insulating foams from pressure cans or cartridges.
- the prepolymer composition is one based on a polyisocyanate with at least 2 NCO groups in the molecule and a polyol with at least 2 OH groups in the molecule, the composition containing at least one catalyst which forms the prepolymer from the starting materials and cures of the prepolymer can catalyze in use.
- the prepolymer composition according to the invention is used to produce polyurethane insulation foams, which are used above all to foam cavities.
- the main areas of application are construction, also technical products, in which cavities have to be filled in to avoid condensation nests.
- 1-component polyurethane foams are applied and processed on site with a density of 10 to 50 g / l by applying the prepolymer composition from pressure containers, for example aerosol cans, using blowing agents.
- 1-component foams are moisture-curing, i.e. they can harden only with the help of the moisture contained in the air.
- two-component polyurethane foams require a second component, usually containing hydroxyl groups, usually a polyol, which occurs immediately before the foam is formed must be added. Curing can be accelerated by catalysts. Densities in 2-component foams are typically 10 to 100 g / l.
- the second component can contain water as a crosslinker. The CO 2 resulting from the reaction with water supports the foam formation.
- Transitional forms between 1-component and 2-component foams, as described above, are common.
- an amount of a hydroxyl component which is not sufficient to react the free isocyanate groups still contained therein is added to the prepolymer.
- the term "1.5K foams" has become established for these transition forms.
- Such compositions are also covered which have more than just a separate reactive component.
- Cartridge foams contain the foaming agent components free of propellant gas in a cartridge, usually a double cartridge, from which they are expelled with the aid of pistons and mixed.
- prepolymer compositions for polyurethane insulating foams contain a prepolymer component which has a minimum content of reactive NCO groups.
- the prepolymer itself is a polymer of suitable viscosity with terminal NCO groups based on a suitable polyisocyanate.
- Suitable polyisocyanates are, for example, isophorone diisocyanate, also known as IPDI, tolylene diisocyanate, also known as TDI, 1, 5-diisocyanatonaphthaiine, also known as NDI, triisocyanatotrimethylmethane, 1, 6-diisocyanatohexane, also known as HDI, and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, commonly referred to as MDI. All of these starting materials can be used in crude form, ie as a mixture, and also in the form of the pure isomers or mixtures of the isomers, or can also be used in the form of their reactive derivatives.
- Dimeric and trimeric forms of the isocyanates as well as their biurets and allophonates are particularly suitable as reactive derivatives.
- a functionality of> 2 is important.
- To prepare the prepolymers such polyisocyanates with hydroxyl-containing polyethers, polyesters or polyhydric alcohols are added, care being taken to ensure that the prepolymer formed in this way has a viscosity suitable for the purpose.
- the reaction takes place in the presence of a catalyst which brings about or accelerates the desired reaction.
- catalysts which brings about or accelerates the desired reaction.
- These are generally amine-based catalysts, including those based on carboxylates.
- Prepolymer compositions for producing insulating foams contain a number of additives which are intended to influence the properties of the prepolymer composition and of the foam produced therefrom.
- additives are, for example, stabilizers, plasticizers and flame retardants.
- the plasticizers in particular are necessary components for controlling the hardness and elasticity of the foams produced from the prepolymer.
- Rigid foams are often not able to adapt optimally to their surroundings. They also tend to be brittle and are often not durable enough.
- Foams that are too soft give the desired elasticity, but tend to flow out of the area of application and leave voids in particular in the upper area of application.
- a high degree of elasticity is required in particular if the foams serve to form a permanent connection between, for example, masonry and the door or window frames used.
- the plasticizers added to the prepolymer are suitable for influencing the hardness and elasticity of the foams. Nevertheless, these are added foreign substances, the properties of which play a role in the ability of the prepolymers to be removed from the container, the flow behavior of the prepolymer and the freshly produced foams, and also the flame resistance. It is also known that plasticizers diffuse out of the foam structure under thermally unfavorable conditions, which changes the properties of the finished foam. Even if these substances are toxicologically safe, the inclusion of such plasticizers in the air is undesirable in any case.
- the aim of the invention is therefore to provide a prepolymer composition for the production of, in particular, pressure can foams, in which the addition of plasticizers is no longer necessary due to the setting of the starting components required for the production of the prepolymer.
- prepolymer composition of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the prepolymer contains, in addition to polyurethane groups, from the reaction of isocyanate groups with polyol oxazolidone groups, which result from the reaction of NCO groups with an epoxide, the prepolymer being 6 to 18% by weight.
- % Contains NCO groups.
- the prepolymer composition according to the invention is based on conventional polyisocyanates, in particular MDI, HDI and TDI. These starting polyisocyanates can be used in all their forms capable of forming urethane, urea, oxazolidone and isocyanurate groups. A functionality of the components of 2 or more involved in the prepolymer formation is required to form a network structure.
- polyester polyols for example polyester polyols, polyether polyols or natural or modified vegetable oils.
- polyester polyols and in particular natural or modified vegetable oils is particularly preferred.
- Castor oil for example, which has hydroxyl groups reactive with isocyanate groups is suitable as a natural vegetable oil.
- Modified vegetable oils, for example modified castor oil are in particular transesterification products which have the necessary number of OH groups, in particular their transesterification products with glycerol and other low molecular weight polyols.
- suitable polyols have an OH number in the range from 1 to 300.
- Castor oil for example, has an OH number of about 160.
- Suitable catalysts are those which are able to catalyze the reaction of isocyanate groups with hydroxyl groups and / or epoxy groups. Catalysts based on tertiary amines, for example N-methyl-2-azanorbornane, triethyiene diamine, dimorpholinodiethyl ether, trimethylaminoethylpiperazine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, tetramethyliminobispropylamine and bis (dimethylaminopropyl) -N-isopropanolamine, are particularly preferred.
- the prepolymers according to the invention generally have a free NCO group content of 6 to 18% by weight, preferably 10 to 15% by weight, based on the prepolymer itself. It is advantageous to include the viscosity of the prepolymer of all additives, but without propellant gas, to an initial service viscosity at 20 ° C of 5000 to 20,000 mPa.s and preferably from 8000 to 1 5000 mPa.s.
- the polyepoxides used for the prepolymer compositions according to the invention have a functionality of 2 or more. Generally they have 3 or more wt% oxirane oxygen.
- the proportion of the oxazolidone groups in the reacted isocyanate groups in the prepolymer is generally 10 to 90%, i.e. the number ratio of oxazolidone groups to polyurethane groups is between 1 0:90 and 90: 1 0.
- Particularly advantageous results are achieved when 30 to 80% of all reacted isocyanate groups are present as oxazolidone groups in the prepolymer composition.
- the numerical ratio of polyurethane groups to oxazolidone groups is correspondingly ⁇ 1: 4.
- An oxazolidone group fraction of 50 to 75%, i.e. 14 to% of the reacted isocyanate groups have reacted to oxazolidone groups.
- any polyepoxides can be used, for example aliphatic or aromatic which are common in plastics technology
- Epoxides such as butanediol diglycidyl ether or bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.
- those based on plants are preferred, for example in the form of epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized beet oil.
- Vernoniaöi ie a vegetable oil which is present as a triglyceride, is particularly preferred.
- Vernoniaöi contains vernolic acid as an essential component, which can also be referred to as 1 2, 13-epoxy oleic acid.
- Vernoniaöi occurs as seed oil in a number of plants, for example in the Euphorbia lagascae, Vernonia gala- mensis and Vernonia anthelmintica.
- the vegetable oil-based epoxies and vernonia oil are suitable for acting as internal plasticizers.
- epoxides which are derived from or consist of natural vegetable oils, i.e. have a relatively large chain length.
- these epoxides contain no or only a few further functional groups in the molecule which shorten the effective chain length between the individual crosslinking sites, in particular it is preferred that no further functions are introduced into the molecule either for the epoxy functions that can form bonds with isocyanate groups.
- natural epoxides or epoxidized vegetable oils however, a low, mostly natural content of hydroxyl groups is unavoidable.
- the prepolymer compositions according to the invention can be used to form foams which dry through in a very short time. Compared to conventional polyurethane foams, which only have urethane and urea bonds, these foams dry completely in about 1/3 of the time normally required.
- a 1-component foam according to the invention can be set to a drying time of up to 3 hours compared to 12 hours of a conventional polyurethane foam. Overall, this significantly reduces the waiting time that the foam processing must follow before further work can be carried out.
- a further advantage is that the foams produced according to the invention show very good shrinkage behavior (very low shrinkage). Finally, these foams are improved in their cold elasticity compared to conventional foams, which enables good processability even in the critical range from 0 ° to 5 ° C.
- the prepolymer compositions according to the invention can be applied from conventional local foam pressure cans as a 1K, 1, 5K and 2K system. Surprisingly, the preparation and mixing can take place, as is customary with conventional polyurethane prepolymers, since it has been shown that polyols and polyepoxides react with isocyanate groups under the same conditions. Prepolymer formation and ripening proceed as in the case of pure polyurethane prepolymers.
- the reaction of the epoxide with the isocyanate is not restricted in the presence of a polyol. In fact, the reaction between isocyanate and hydroxy groups has a kind of "starter effect".
- reaction climate in particular a temperature level that causes the oxazolidone formation to start. This enables the use of conventional and proven catalysts and recipes, which is important for the dispensability from pressure cans and cartridges.
- the prepolymer compositions according to the invention are also suitable for the production of cartridge foams.
- Natural polyols such as, for example, castor oil or modified vegetable oils, which have been converted into polyols in particular using glycerol, are particularly well tolerated with the epoxides used according to the invention.
- the epoxy fulfills two functions, that of a neutral plasticizer and that of a reactive chain extender and crosslinker. In this way it is achieved that the plasticizer is integrated in the polymer network and can no longer escape from the foam after it has hardened. Furthermore, the epoxides serve as an inexpensive polyol substitute.
- the prepolymer compositions according to the invention can contain the usual additives, such as flame retardants, stabilizers, cell openers, catalysts and propellants.
- Conventional halogen-containing flame retardants can be used as the flame retardant, but also those based on phosphorus compounds, such as, for example, triethyl phosphate or dimethyl methane phosphonate.
- polyester polyols as crosslinking agents, such flame retardants can be added in smaller amounts.
- plasticizers or plasticizing flame retardants can be largely or completely dispensed with.
- the prepolymer compositions according to the invention are produced in a manner known per se to the person skilled in the art, it being possible for the prepolymer to be produced both in the pressure cell and outside.
- the necessary additives such as, for example, stabilizers, cell openers and flame retardants, possibly also surfactants and other polyol, such as castor oil, are then added to the prepolymer in the pressure can to fine-tune the NCO content.
- the pressure container (aerosol can) is then closed and the propellant, for example propane, butane, dimethyl ether and / or CO 2, is pressed on. Fluorocarbons can also be used.
- Prepolymer compositions were prepared with the components shown in the table below in the amounts indicated.
- Raw MDI (Desmodur R from Bayer) was used as the polyisocyanate.
- Castor oil was used as the polyol component.
- chlorinated paraffin or rapeseed oil was used as the polyol component.
- All blends contained stabilizers based on silicone, the two examples according to the invention also either epoxidized rapeseed oil with an OH number of 35 and an oxirane content of 5.8% by weight or vernonia oil from Euphorbia lagascae with an OH number of 1 5 and an oxirane content of 3.6% by weight as catalyst, DMDEE (2,2-dimorpholinodiethyl ether) was used.
- All blends contained a propellant mixture of fluorocarbon, hydrocarbons and dimethyl ether.
- All of the foams according to the invention had the desired soft foam properties and contained the epoxy bonded as crosslinking agent, internal plasticizer and at the same time partial polyol substitute.
- the reference example resulted in a foam with significantly more shrinkage and a reduced elasticity at 5 ° C., which severely restricted the processability.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19738670 | 1997-09-04 | ||
DE1997138670 DE19738670A1 (de) | 1997-09-04 | 1997-09-04 | Prepolymerzusammensetzung |
PCT/EP1998/005578 WO1999011687A1 (de) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-09-03 | Prepolymerzusammensetzung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1017733A1 true EP1017733A1 (de) | 2000-07-12 |
Family
ID=7841181
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98947507A Withdrawn EP1017733A1 (de) | 1997-09-04 | 1998-09-03 | Prepolymerzusammensetzung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1017733A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19738670A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999011687A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10060513A1 (de) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-20 | Illbruck Gmbh | Kartuschenset zur Ausbringung von Ortschaum |
DE102010011696A1 (de) * | 2010-03-17 | 2011-09-22 | Rathor Ag | Schaumkleberzusammensetzung |
CN115490828A (zh) * | 2022-11-02 | 2022-12-20 | 广州市嵩达新材料科技有限公司 | 改性聚噁唑烷酮预聚物及基于其的耐高温光固化胶粘剂 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4022721A (en) * | 1974-09-26 | 1977-05-10 | Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd. | Process for producing compounds having an oxazolidone ring using a complex of aluminum halide catalyst |
DD238992A1 (de) * | 1985-07-02 | 1986-09-10 | Schwarzheide Synthesewerk Veb | Hydrolysestabilisator fuer polyurethan-elastomere |
US4766158A (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1988-08-23 | Olin Corporation | Urethane-containing oxazolidone-modified isocyanurate foams and a composition and method for their production |
DE4104199A1 (de) * | 1991-02-12 | 1992-08-13 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-elastomeren und hierfuer geeignete mischungen aus polyoxybutylen-polyoxyalkylen-glykolen und glycidylverbindungen |
-
1997
- 1997-09-04 DE DE1997138670 patent/DE19738670A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-09-03 WO PCT/EP1998/005578 patent/WO1999011687A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-09-03 EP EP98947507A patent/EP1017733A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9911687A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19738670A1 (de) | 1999-03-11 |
WO1999011687A1 (de) | 1999-03-11 |
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